3Cii qxtoL dft €ljLLMtg. fthjuCtinjq. pJtJOLfL khoLO^ MAI
AP SUAT TUYET DOI DE TINH SUfC CAN DirGTNG LO VA LAP MANG GIO HIEN TRANG B A N G PHAN MEIVI THONG GIO VENTGRAPH
Ventilation operation has always played an important role in underground mining activities. For calculating and installing the ventilation system, it is essential to pay much attention to the input parameters, of which, the most important one is the drift resistance. This paper refers to the application of the absolute pressure surveying method for calculating the drift resistance and making ventilation network with the
i^entgraph ventilation software j
ThS. DINH OLPC QUANG TS. PHUNG QU6C HUY
ThS. BUI VIET HyNG
Vlen Khoa hgc Cdng nghe Md - Vinacomin
1. Dat van de
Cdng tae thdng gid ddng vai trd r i t quan trpng trpng nganh cdng nghiep khai thac than ham 16. Muc dich cua thdng gi6 nham eung c l p
khpng khi sach vao h i m 16 d l duy tri h6 h i p cho ngudi lao dpng, dung 6k h6a loang cac loai khi dpc va khi chay n l metan xuIng dudi gidi han chay n l . Trong tuang lai, nganh khai thac than ham Id Viet Nam se ngay cang xuIng sau, di$n san xult cang rpng, do dd, he thing dudng Id va vi$c tinh toan cdng thong s l th6ng gid ngay trd len phCpc tgp han. Trpng cac thcng s l d i u vap d l tinh toan th6ng gid, SCPC can dudng 16 (R) ddng vai trd quan trpng. Hien nay cd 02 phuang phap tinh
SCPC can dudng Id dd la phuang phap xac djnh bang cac thdng s l kich thude hinh hpc cua dudng Id va phuang phap tinh SCPC can bang each khae sat ap s u i t tuyet d l i trpng ham Id. Viec tinh toan SU'C can dudng Id (R) dya vao kich thudc hinh hpc cua dudng Id phy thupc vao nhieu he so thyc nghidm lien quan.
Do dd, k i t qua tinh SCPC can
cdn phu thupc nhilu vao tinh ehu quan cua ngudi tinh toan.
Bai bao nay gidi thieu k i t qua ap dyng phuang phap khao sat ap s u i t tuyet d l i trong ham Id d l tinh SCPC can (R) cua mang thdng gid Cdng ty than Quang Hanh.
2. Cac phu'ang phap xac djnh sire can
2.1. Phwang phap xac djnh bang kich thw&c hinh hgc
SCPC can cua mang dudng Id
bao g i m SCPC can ma sat, SCPC
can cyc b6 va SCPC can vat chan.
Swc can ma sat:
SCPC can ma sat cua dudng Id dugc tinh bang cdng thCpc sau:
R..'^:KM
Trong dd:
(1)
P: Chu vi dudng Id, m; P duge tinh g i n dung theo edng thCpc
p = c.4s
(2)
(C la h# s l phy thupc hinh dgng t i l t dien Id: Ld c6 t i l t di$n vuong: C = 4; t i l t di?n
tr6n: C = 3.54; t i l t dien v6m 3 tam: C = 3.8; t i l t dien hinh thang: C = 4.1).
L: Chilu dai doan Id, m S: Dien tich t i l t dien ngang eua doan Id, m^.
a - He s l SCPC can khi ddng hpc cua duo'ng Id (he s l SCPC
can ma sat), phy thupc vao k i t e l u ehing 16; KG.s^/m".
Trj s l a dugc l l y theo bang 1, theo kinh nghiem, d day l l y gia tri a tuang Crng cac k i t c l u ching.
Swc can cue bg:
SCPC can eye bp g i m cac
dang sau: Dpt thu, dot md, qua CLPa s l gid, hgp lulng, re ngoat (90°, 120°) ... va dugc tinh theo cong thCrc :
K, = C- r
2.g.S'
(3)Trong d6:
y- Trpng lugng rieng cua khdng khi, Kg/m^
S- Dien tich t i l t dien dudng 16 cd t i c dp gid v (m/s), m^
g- Gia t i c trpng topdng, g l l y bang 9,&lm/s^
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
Bang 1. Tri so a va cac gia tri a dwac ehgn Dac diem ket cau chong
Cac dLPong 16 khong c h i n g
Cac g i l n g thoat gio co d u d n g kinh Idn Cac 16 bing van tai ching be tong hoac gach Cac 16 van tai c h i n g g l tr6n
Cac 16 bing van tai ching bing vi thep hinh Cac dudng 16 c h i n g b i n g cac chiu bing Lo chg ching vi ching dan g l , sit, thuy lyc) Lo chg c h i n g vi c h i n g lien hgp
Gia tri 0.10"
Theo bang 5^20 2^8 3^7 9^23 5^23 7^23 30-^260 45^120
Gia tn chon
8 5 5 17 14 - 35
- Bang 2. He so swc can cue bd xac dinh bang thyc nghiem
^- He s l SCPC can eye bp
xac djnh bing thye nghiem.
+ Vdi trudng hgp thu hep, md rpng, ^ dugc xae dinh phu thupc vao ty s l giQ'a Si va S2 (Si, S2 tuang u'ng la dien tich tilt dien cua dudng Id phin thu hep va p h i n m d rdng) (bang 2).
+ Vdi trudng hgp re vdng,
^ dugc tinh theo cong thCpc:
^rv= 0,57 . 5^ (5: g6e v6ng re tinh bing radian)
+ Hing s l SCPC can cyc bp vdng re va dot thu tu' dudng Id vao ranh quat
^ = 0,67^1,16.
Swc can vat chin: La su'c can gay bdi cac vat t h i nam d trong Idng ddng ehay. Trong dilu kien md, su'c can vat c h i n thudng la SCPC can cua
eae khung gilng md, SCPC can cua cae tdi, goong.
Tinh toan SCPC can vat chan: Su'c can vat ehan ed t h i bilu thi qua ap suit dpng cua ddng d vat t h i :
^S (4) Trong dd:
C: He s l su'c can vat c h i n khdng thCp nguyen.
y: Trpng lugng rieng eua khong khi.
v: T i c dp gid trung binh trong dudng Id d c h l vat chin.
g: Gia t i e trpng trudng.
SN: Tilt dien ngang Idn nhlt cua vat t h i .
SCPC can vat chan 6wgc tinh theo cong thCpc sau:
R..=C
r
lgS{S-Sj (5)
Trw&ng hap ma rdng S1/S2
\
1 0
0,9 0,01
0,8 0,04
0,7 0,09
0,6 0,16
0,5 0,25
0,4 0,36
0,3 0,49
0,2 0,64
0,1 0,81 Trw&ng hgp thu hep
S1/S2
^
1 0
0,9 0,05
0,8 0,1
0,7 0,15
0,6 0,2
0,5 0,25
0,4 0,3
0,3 0,35
0,2 0,4
0,1 0,45
He sd SU'C can vat ehan C phy thupc vao tri s l Re, hinh dang, dp nham cua vat chan.
He s l C nhd nhlt khi tri s l Re=4.10^ va bang 0,15 cdn khi Re>4.10^thi C h l u nhu khong d l i va b i n g 0,2.
Sy phy thupc eua he s l C vap hinh dang va dp nham cua vat can duge xac djnh bang thyc nghiem.
Cac doan Id e i n khao sat duge xae djnh theo sy thay d l i v l dien tieh t i l t dien hoac thay d l i v l k i t c l u ching, ed nghTa mpt dean Id khao sat la doan Id tren s u i t chilu dai cd cung t i l t dien va eung k i t c l u ching edn SCPC can cyc bp chinh la s y thay d l i dot ngpt giQ'a cae doan Id n i i t i l p nhau, xem xet cac vat c h i n trong doan dudng Id.
SCPC can eua toan bp doan dudng Id la t i n g cua su'c can
ma sat, SCPC can eye bp va SCPC can vat chin.
Viee tinh toan SCPC can theo phuang phap nay cho t h i y viec SLP dung nhilu cac he s l lien quan cQng nhu cae gia tri trung binh, do dd, gia tri su'c can doan dudng Id ed sai s l r i t Idn do he thing dudng Id khdng I n djnh v l t i l t dien eung nhu k i t e l u ehing va cQng r i t phu'c tap khi khap sat, do vay khi tinh toan phu thudc nhilu vao each tinh va kinh nghiem cua ngudi tinh toan. Phuang phap nay hQ'u hieu khi dugc ap dung d l tinh tpan SCPC can cae doan dudng Id dang thilt k l , ehua dao.
KHCNM SO 5/2011* AN TOAN MO
2.2 Tinh toan swc can dw&ng Id theo phwong phap khao sat cac thong so ap suit
Ban chit cua phuang phap la khao sat xac djnh SCPC can t i n g hgp eua cac doan dudng Id bing each do luu lugng gid, ap suit tuyet d l i va cac thong s l nhiet dp, dp I m kh6ng khi tai hai dilm d i u mut cua m i i doan dudng 16.
Phuang phap nay giam dugc nhilu sai s l so vdi phuang phap truyin thing.
Npi dung eua phuang phap nay la:
Gia tri SCPC can cua doan dudng Id dugc tinh theo cdng thCpc:
R = H / Q ^ ; k g . s ' / m ^ ( k ^ ) (6) Trong dd:
H - Ha ap suit giQ'a hai dau doan dudng Id;
mmHzO (daPa)
Q - Luu lugng gid di qua doan dudng 16;
m'/s.
Ha ap s u i t giCpa hai d i u doan dudng 16 H duge tinh theo eong thCpc:
H = Pi - P2 + g.w (Zi- Z2). (7) Trong dd:
Pi va P2 - Ap suit tuyet d l i tai dilm d i u va culi dean dudng Id, Pa
g - Gia t i e trpng trudng, m / s^
Zi , Z2 - Cao dp cua eae d i l m nut dau doan dudng 16, m
w - T r p n g lugng rieng cua kh6ng khi. Kg/m^
Trpng lugng rieng eua kh6ng khi w dugc tinh bang cong thu'c:
P - 0,378 .P^
w = Vdi:
287
. ( / ,
+ 273 ,15 ) (8)P - Ap s u i t tuyet d l i trung binh trong dudng Id, Pa
p = ^1 + ^
17.27/
P =61Q5exp.( ^)-0,000644P.(r, -tJ w ^ V + 2 3 7 3 'A: "
w ' (10) Tu va tk - Nhiet dp udt va nhiet dp khd dp
bing I m k l Asman.
D l xac djnh SCPC can doan dudng 16 tu' dilm 1 d i n dilm 2 trong mang thong gid mo (dilm 1, 2 la cac nut trong mang thdng gi6) c i n do dac khao sat cae th6ng s l sau:
2 (9) P w - A p s u l t hai nude.
Hinh 1. Md ta phwang phap xac dinh swc can bang each do ap suit tuyet doi
- Do ap s u i t tuyet d l i tai 2 d i l m nut: Pi va P2 (Pa),
- Luu lugng gid di qua doan dudng 16: q (m^/s),
- Nhiet dp kho tk, nhiet dp udt ty, - Dp cao d i l m nut 1 va nut 2
TCP cae gia tri do duge, t i l n hanh nhap vao eong thCpc, tu- dd tinh dugc eae gia tri ha ap va
SCPC can tren doan 16 theo theo c6ng thCpc (6) va (7).
3. K i t qua SLP dung phu'O'ng phap do ap s u i t d l tinh SLPC can du'O'ng 16 va t h i l t lap mang gio hien trang b i n g p h i n m i m thdng gio Ventgraph
Trong pham vi bai bao nay, cac tae gia dua ra k i t qua khao sat thyc t l SCPC can dudng Id (R) d l i vdi mang gid hien trang eua cym via V4, 5, 6, 7 tai Cong ty than Quang Hanh nam 2010 va SLP dyng phin m i m thong gio Ventgraph eua Ba Lan d l lap mang gid hien trang. Mang gid hien trang hoat dpng vdi 04 Id chg, SLP dung 04 tram quat hut loai FBDCZ-II N- 13 dat tai cac mat bang +70, +30, +35 va +22.
Bing phugng phap do ap suit, xae dinh dugc cac thdng s l SCPC can cua dudng 16 va c h l dp lam viee hien trang cua cae tram quat gid chinh. Cac thdng s l kiao sat, do dac dudi ham 16 t h i hien trong bang 3.
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
Bang 3.
Nhanh
Ket qua khao sat ap suit, lwu Iwang gid va sire can Cac thdng sd khao sat
diem dau Ap suit
tuyet doi (Pa)
r
khd
eo
T wot
CC)
Do cao (m)
dw&ng Id Cac thdng so khao sat
diem cuoi Ap suit
tuyet doi (Pa)
r
khd
CC)
r
w&t
CC)
Do cao (m)
Lwu Iwang
gid
(m^/s)
Chen h ap
(dapa)
Swc can
(kM) Khu viPC cum via 4+7
6-7 1-2 7-2 2-5 5-8 7-8 5-11
8-9 9-27 27-28 28-10 9-10 10-11 11-12 12-20 20-21 20-23 21-22 22-23 23-24 25-24 24-26 46-47 47-44 44-43 47-43 43-40 40-30 30-29 30-31 31-32 37-31 73-37
100950 100950 101520 101520 101660 101510 101630 101650 101610 101600 101590 101610 101610 101570 101570 101360 101360 101450 101090 101050 100550 100220 99980 99930 100350
99940 100330 101400 101370 101370 101340 101000 101060
26,5 26,5 23 23 23 23 23 22,3 21,5 21,5 21,5 21,5 22 22 21,5 24,5 24,5 24,5 24,5 24 26 25,5
23 24 23,5
24 25 25 26,5 27,8 31,4 28 27,2
26 25 21,5 22,5 22,5 22,5 22 21,5 20,5 20 20 20,5 21,5 21,5 21 24 24 24 24 23 25,5
24 21 23 23 22,5 24,5 24,5 26,2 27,5 31 27,5 26,8
+20 +20 -35 -35 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -30 -30 +35 +35 +11 7 +11
7 +75 +11 2 +75
-20 -50 -50 -23 +20 +12
101520 101520 101510 101630 101650 101650 101570 101610 101600 101590 101580 101580 101580 101520 101520 101350 101050 101005 101050 100220 100220 99930 99930 100300 100330 100330 101400 101605 101350 101340 101280 101340 101050
23 23 22,5
23 23,5 22,3 22 21,5 21,5 21,6 21,5 22 22 21,8 21,8 24,5 24 24,5
24 25,5 25,5 25,5 24 23 25 25 25 27,8 27,8 27,8 31 31,4
28
22,3 21,5 22 21 23 21,5 21,5 20,5 20,5 20 20,5 21,5 21,5 21 21 24,1
23 24 23 24,5
24 24 22,5 22,3 24,5 24,5 24,5 27,6 27,6 27,6 30,5 31,2 27
-35 -35 -35 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -30 -30 -30 +35 +35 +35 +117
+75 +75 +75 -20 -50 -50 -23 -23 -23 +12
27,1 15,8 1,2 14,1 2,21 28,10
15,30 27,10 16,22 8,21
6,8 4,98 4,98 31,68 13,68 8,51 2,51 9,40 11,23 13,34 5,98 26,80
4,24 3,12 2,91 1,80 3,97 3,8 2,2 5,5 12,50
5,00 5,01
7,54 6,55 1,00 6,51 1,00 3,53 23,54
4,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 3,00 1,00 5,00 16,00
1,00 54,13 49,11 4,00 157,6 33,00 29,00 5,00 5,50 2,00 3,29 2,16 13,99
2,00 33,6 6,0 14,60
1,00
0,0103 0,0261 0,6944 0,0327 0,2066 0,0045 0,1005 0,0055 0,0038 0,0148 0,0216 0,1210 0,1210 0,0050 0,0854 0,0138 8,6614 0,7673 0,0317 0,8857 0,9240 0,0404 0,278 0,5629 0,2374 1,0146 0,1366 0,9687 0,413 1,1101 0,0384 0,5840 0,0400
KHCNM SO 5/2011* AN TOAN MO
38-73 29-32 32-34 35-34 73-32 34-36 72-71 71-58 58-60 60-61 61-62 62-63 61-64 63-64 64-65 60-65 66-67 65-66 64-66 68-67 67-69 27-58
101000 101350 101280 101000 101060 100680 101000 101120 101540 101400 101380 101330 101380 100750 100730 101400 100500 100700 100730 101000 100300 101640
27,4 26,4 28 27,8 27,8 27,8 21,6 21 25,2
25 26 25,5 24,5 26 26 25,8
26 25 26 23 26 26,5
25,2 26,2 27 26,6 26,6 26,6 19,6 20 23,5
24 25,5
24 24 25 25,4 25,2 25,3 24,5 25 22 25,3 26,2
+20 -50 -23 +22 +12 +20 +27 -5 -50 -50 -50 -50 -50 -5 -5 -50
-5 -5 -5 +70 +68 -50
101060 101280 100680 100680 101280 100220 101120 101540 101500 101360 101330 100750 100730 100730 100700 100730 100300 100500 100500 100300 99800 101570
27,5 29,5 27,6 27,5 27,5 27,5 25 21,6 25,5 24 25 26 25,5
27 25,8 25,8 25,5 24 26,5
24 25,5 26,5
27 29,2 26,4 27 27 27 24 19,6
24 23 24,3
25 25 25,5
25 25,6 24,6 23,5 25 23,5 24,6 26,2
+12 -23 +22 +20 -23 +22 -5 -50 -50 -50 -50 -5 -5 -5 -5 -5 +68 +27 27 +68 +70 -50
16,9 8,50 22,20 2,786 11,50 26,00 7,643 7,01 24,1 9,05 6,00 5,9 3,20 6,01 2,15 15,01 30,28 21,05 4,50 5,66 34,05
7,80
3,12 37,78 111,21 34,27 17,92 48,26 25,12 10,76 4,00 4,00 5,00 109,68 116,80 2,00 3,00 118,63
103,2 56,54 59,5 72,31 52,27
7,00
0,0109 0,5229 0,2256 4,4144 0,1355 0,0714 0,4531 0,2197 0,0069 0,0488 0,1389 3,0455 11,4067 0,0554 0,6490 0,5265 0,1126 0,1276 2,938 2,2571 0,0451 0,1150
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Hinh 2. Kit qua tinh toan mo phong mang gio cum via 4-^7 mo Quang Hanh tren phin mem Vengraph
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
Bang 4. So sanh ket qua tinh toan md phdng lwu Iwang gid qua Id cho' v&i kit qua do dac khao sat thwc te
TT Vi tri Ky hieu tren sa do
Cac chi tieu ky thuat thdng gid chinh Lwu Iwang, m^/s
Do dac Phan phdi ty nhien
Chenh lech, m^/s
Cum via 4-^7 1
2 3 4
Lo chg V6 canh Ddng Lo chg NN V6 khu Nam Lo chg NN V7
Lo chg NN V5 CT
21-22 43-40 31-37 64-66
9,4 3,7 5,0 4,5
10,3 3,4 5,2 4,2
1,3 0,3 0,2 0,3 Su' dyng cae k i t qua khao
sat nhap vao phin m i m thong gid Ventgraph nham phye vy cong tac tinh toan, phan phli gid trong toan md. Hinh 2 md phdng mang gid hien trang khu cym via V4, 5, 6, 7 tai Cdng ty than Quang Hanh.
Kit qua phan phli luu lugng gid tren phin m i m cho t h i y kit qua tuang d l i phu hgp vdi cac gia trj do dae, khao sat (bang 4).
4. Kit luan va d l xult - TCP eae k i t qua khao sat eho thiy, phuang phap khao sat SCPC can R bing phuang phap do ap suit tuyet d l i eho eae k i t qua chinh xae vdi thye t l cua dudng Id, han c h l XU' ly nhilu cac he s l .
- K i t qua md phdng mang gid bing phin m i m Ventgraph tuang d l i phu hgp vdi k i t qua do dac tai hien trudng.
- Dk ed t h i ed s l lieu khao sat theo phuang phap do ap suit chinh xae c i n ddi hdi khao sat nhilu l l n va e i n
mang gid that I n djnh, do trong qua trinh khao sat bj anh hudng nhilu cua cdng tac san xult trong h i m Id.
- Viee xac djnh SCPC can bing phuang phap xae djnh kich thude hinh hpe phu hgp vdi cac dudng Id ehua dao, dang thilt k l hoac d l i vdi nhCpng ngudi cd kinh nghiem..
Khi dua md vao hoat dpng, c i n thilt k i t hgp t i l n hanh khao sat lai bing phuang phap khao sat ap suit. Nhlt la hien tai cac md than h i m Id da duge trang bj cac thilt bj do ap suit tuyet d l i .
- Nghien CCPU ap dyng phuang phap khao sat ap suit tuyet d l i d l xac (Jnh SCPC can dan vi cho mpt s l cae dudng 16 dae topng nhu cac 16 xuyen via, dpc via van tai, thdng gid ehinh, cac gilng van tai, thong gid, thdng qua viec khao sat nhilu lln vdi nhCpng dudng Id dae tnpng, loai kit elu, tilt dien, t i e dp gid d l cd t h i dua ra 6\jegc gia tri SCPC can dan vj cho mdi loai dudng Id.
- Viee ap dyng phim m i m thdng gi6 Ventgraph d l lap mang gid hien trang la r i t c i n thilt, giup nha quan ly tinh toan va quan ly mang gid t i t han.
- C i n phai cap nhat lien tyc mpi s y thay d l i trong he thdng dudng Id d l k i t qua phan p h l i gid bang phin m i m duge ehinh xae han.
Tai lieu tham khao:
1. PGS.TS. Iran Xuan Ha, TS. Le Van Thao - Co so thiet ke thong gio mo (dung cho lop cao hgc khai thac mo), Truong Dai hgc Mo - Dia chat, 1999.
2. TS. Dinh Hung - Giao trinh thong gio md, Tap 1 va Tap 2, Truang Dai hgc Mo - Dia chat.
3. Ths. Pham Chan Chlnh, KS. Dinh Due Quang - VENTGRAPH phan mem quan ly thong gio hij'u hieu, Hgi nghi khga hgc ky thuat mg tgan quSc l§n thu XVIII, 2007.
KHCNM SO 5/2011* AN TOAN MO
