VAI TRO TICH cue CUA CONG OONG NGITOI VIET TAI MY DOI VOI QUAN HE VIET - MY
V di khoing 1,5 trieu ngUdi, cdng ddng ngUdi Viet tai My da va dang ngiy mdt ldn manh. phdn thinh: ddng vai trd ngay cing quan trpng ddi vdi da't nUdc b i n xii - My, que nha - Viet Nam; va gdp phan tang cUdng p h i t trien quan he giuta Viet Nam v i My.
1. Doi vdi My
La cdng ddng ngUdi Viet ldn manh nhat d h i i ngoai. cdng ddng ngUdi Viet d My da dat dUdc nhiing t h i n h tich ding ke tren nhieu linh vufc v i ddng vai trd nhat dinh d My.
Khoang 3 thap ky trUdc. nhiing ngUdi Viet mdi den My khdng cd nhieu tien va tii san. nhUng hp da xay dufng dUdc mdt mang ludi thUdng mai nol hai thanh phd ldn tai Quan Cam, California la Westminster va Garden Grove. Ngay nay. tai hai thanh phd'nay cd tdi hdn 150.000 ngudi My gdc Viet va dac biet khdng dudi 5.000 doanh nghiep cua ngUdi Viet. Trudc day. v i n chUa cd bat ky ngan hang nao do ngUdi Viet lam chil tai Little Saigcn (Sii Gdn nhd). nhung den nam 2006, hai nha bang ciia cic nha d i u tu va chu la ngUdi Viet da ra ddi. Dieu dd cho tha'y, cic dcanh nghiep ciia ngudi Viet tai My lim an ngiy mpt phat dat tai day.
Ngan hang cua ngudi My gd'c Viet dau tien chinh thiic ^ md cufa hdi t h i n g 5 nam 2006 vdi tdng vd'n huv ddng hdn 11 tneu USD.'
ThS. Tran Bach Hieu
Dgi hoc Khoa hgc Xd hgi vd Nhdn vdnMac du mdi hinh t h i n h , tiem lufc kinh te chUa manh, song cdng ddng ngudi Viet tai My dUdc danh gii l i mpt cdng ddng hoa nhap va thanh cdng nhanh trong xa hdi My va cd tiem nang, dac biet trong linh vufc giao due va khoa hpc ky thuat. Trinh dp hpc van cua the he tre ngUdi Viet tang nhanh trong 10 nam lai day. Dac biet, cdng ddng cac sinh vien, hpc sinh gd'c Viet sd'ng d My dUdc xep vid mpt trdng nhiing cdng ddng sinh vien hpc sinh cd ty le hpc sinh gidi cao nhat cua My.
Rat nhieu sinh vien, hpc sinh gd'c Viet la thu khoa cac trUdng va dUdc nhan nhieu p h i n thudng cao quy hang nam.
Trong he thd'ng chinh tri cua nUdc
My d ca ba n h i n h hanh p h i p , lap
p h i p va tu p h i p tit cap trung Udng
den cap tieu bang va t h a n h phd' deu
cd suf gdp mat cua ngUdi Viet. Cdng
ddng nay dang dan h d i nhap vid xa
hdi My va trong ddi sd'ng chinh tri My,
hp la mdt bp phan dan cU ma cic
chinh tri gia ciia My van can tranh
thii suf ung hp cua hp. Mdt sd' ngUdi
My gd'c Viet da dUdc bau lam Uy vien
Hpi ddng t h a n h phd', cd ngUdi dUdc bd
nhiem lam trd ly hoac cd' van trong
cic van phdng cua nghi si, thi
trUdng... Dieu nay cho thay, cac chinh
tri gia gd'c Viet da viing hudc tham gia
sau rdng vao nhiing boat dpng chinh
thiic cua nen chinh tri My. Vdi suf hau
thuan cua ddng did cii tri gd'c Viet
hdp p h a p , cd hdi t h i n g cuf cua c i c ufng cuf vien gd'c Viet r a t cao. Siic m a n h cua khdi ngudi Viet k h d n g chi cc suf h a u t h u a n t i n h t h a n m a cdn t h e hien qua viec ddng gdp t i e n hac vao quy chay dua vao c i c chute vu d a n cuf. Hdn nuta, ty le ngudi Viet di b a u cuf n g i y c i n g t a n g , ciing cc' vi t r i va tieng ndi cua cdng ddng t r o n g ddi sd'ng chinh tri My. Vi du, tai mdt so' dia phUdng, ngUdi My gd'c Viet dUdc b i u v i d c i c chufc vu n h u phd t h i trUdng ( t h i n h phd' W e s t m i n s t e r ) , hdi vien hdi ddng t h a n h phd' ( W e s t m i n s t e r v i G a r d e n Grove), va n h a dieu h i n h hpc k h u . T h a m chi, cd mdt sd' t h a n h vien ciia cdng ddng ngUdi Viet t a i My d a n g n a m giii c i c vi t r i k h a cac t r o n g cd q u a n cua c h i n h q u y e n lien bang, hdi ddng t h a n h phd'.
Su tie'n bd va ldn m a n h cua cdng ddng ngUdi Viet t a i My ve n h i e u phUdng dien t r d n g ddi sd'ng My da dUdc thufc te ghi n h i n . D i e u n i y t h e hien m e t t i n h t h a n r a n g , ngUdi Viet t a i My tuf liic d i n h cU t a i day da xay diing dUdc m d t cdng ddng t h i n h vUdng. Cudc sd'ng ciia cdng ddng tiep tuc dn d i n h va h o a n h a p v i o xa hdi ndi hp d a n g cU t r i i . R a t n h i e u kieu b i o ngUdi Viet, t h u d c c i c t h e he thuf hai, thuf ba da cd vai trd, vi t r i n g a y c i n g cao t r o n g xa hpi My. Lufc lUdng t r i thufc k i e u h a o , nha't l i t r o n g c i c n g i n h k h o a hpc cdng n g h e , cdng ddng d o a n h n g h i e p n g a y c a n g n h i e u va cd d d n g gdp k h d n g nhd vao p h a t t r i e n k i n h te - xa hpi c u a My. NhUng ddng gdp to ldn ciia ngUdi Viet t r d n g xa hdi My da tad dUdc sii ne t r p n g ddi vdi ngUdi b a n xuf c u n g nhU c i c s i c tpc k h i c t r e n da't My. Dd la suf ddng gdp tich cufc cho suf p h i t t r i e n cua mdi b a n g cd ngUdi Viet cU t r u ndi r i e n g va suf p h a t t r i e n cua t o i n nudc My ndi c h u n g .
2. Do'i vdi V i e t N a m
Mac du sd'ng xa Td qud'c, dai da so' cdng ddng ngUdi Viet tai My va nhieu ndi k h a c ludn p h a t h u y t i n h t h i n yeu nUdc, t u tdn d a n tdc, giut gin t r u y e n thd'ng v a n hda v i h u d n g ve cdi ngudn, gan bd vdi gia dinh, que hUdng. Nhieu ngUdi da cd nhutng ddng gdp ve tinh t h i n , vat c h a t va ca xUdng m i u cho suf nghiep g i i i phdng d i n tdc, thd'ng nha't da't nUdc. T h a n h tiiu to ldn cua n h a n d i n t a t r c n g suf nghiep ddi mdi, p h i t t r i e n k i n h te, v a n hda, xa hdi, giu vUng suf dn dinh chinh tri - xa hdi v i k h d n g ngufng n a n g cao vi t h e qud'c te cua da't nUdc, c i n g cumg cd' t h e m niem tuf hao d a n tdc v i t i n h t h a n yeu nUdc cua ngUdi Viet N a m d nUdc n g o i i . Ddng d i o cdng ddng ngudi Viet xa td qud'c deu h o a n n g h e n h cdng cudc ddi mdi va chinh s i c h dai d o i n ket toan dan tpc cua D a n g va N h a nUdc, mong mud'n da't nUdc g i i u m a n h , s i n h vai vdi c i c qud'c gia t r o n g k h u vufc va t r e n the gidi. N h i e u ngUdi da ve t h a m gia dinh, que hUdng, t h a m gia c i c boat ddng d i u tu, k i n h doanh, hdp t i c khoa hpc, cdng nghe, g i i o due, van hda, nghe t h u a t , t h e t h a o , n h a n dao, t d thien... T i n h h i n h t r e n cung la xu the chu yeu t r o n g cdng ddng ngudi Viet tai My.
Thd nhdt, cdng ddng ngudi Viet d My v a n nd lufc bao tdn va p h i t huy b a n sac v a n hda d a n tdc.
Mpt trong nhiing b o a t dpng theo hudng nay l i c i c budi bieu dien ca miia nhac, cac chUdng t r i n h bieu dien nhac cu d a n tdc cd t r u y e n Viet N a m . Nhutng h e a t dpng n i y , khdng nhUng gdp p h i n gidi t h i e u vdi cdng c h u n g My net dac sac cua v a n hda Viet N a m , ma cdn khdi day t i n h cam dan tdc sau n a n g cua nhUng ngudi Viet xa xuf. Viec nhieu kieu bao ta da n h a p qud'c tich nUdc ngoai nhUng khdng tii bd qud'c
tich Viet Nam. ciing chiing td hp ludn neu cac cdi ngudn dan tdc. Theo ban be My, d mpt nUdc canh tranh k h i c nghiet nhu My thi nhiing Viet kieu d day vUdn len dUdc trUdc het la dc thdng minh va chiu khd. hai diic tinh vd'n cd ciia ngUdi Viet Nam. Tai Q u i n Cam cd hang chuc nhat b i c Viet ngU (ldn nhat l i bio NgUdi Viet), it nha't hai dii truyen thanh tieng Viet p h i t thanh 24 gid mdi ngay, mdt dai truyen hinh cip chieu 24/24 va hai chUdng trinh truyen hinh tren cac dai khic mdi ngiy. Cdng ddng ngUdi Viet d Quin Cam, bang Califdrnia. cung da thanh lap Doin van nghe nham bao tdn van hda Viet v i gidi thieu cic loai hinh nghe thuat truyen thd'ng cua que hUdng vdi cdng ddng cic dan tdc khac dang sinh sd'ng tai My. giiip hp hieu hdn ve van hda Viet Nam." Viec cd' ket vdi nhau t h i n h nhutng cdng ddng gan bd vdi que cha dat td nay van dUp'c giut gin trcng long the he ke tiep. NgUdi Viet Nam sinh sd'ng va lam an tap trung t h i n h nhUng khu vufc, thi tra'n, khu phd' rieng nen khdng chi tao nhieu thuan ldi cho hp trong sinh sd'ng, lam an m i hdn niia cho cac the he ndi tie'p, ke ci cac the he con lai bao tdn dUdc b i n sac d i n tdc. phong tuc, tap q u i n va ngdn ngut gdc ciia Viet Nam. De bio tdn tieng me de. cdng ddng ngUdi Viet tai bang Califdrnia (My) da t h i n h lap gin 100 trung tam day tieng Viet d bang nay vdi tren 1.000 t h i y cd giac va khoing 16.000 hpc smh theo hpc vao djp cudi tuin.'^ Theo thd'ng ke ciia Cue Dieu ra Dan sd My nam 2000, cd den 1.009.627 ngudi 5 tudi trd len tuf khai r i n g hp ndi tie'ng Viet tai nha, lam cho tieng Viet diing thii 7 trong nhutng ngdn ngut phd thdng nha't tai My. Bio tdn tieng Viet la van de dUdc cdng ddng ngudi Viet tai My rat quan tam.
Vi vay. rat nhieu tre em sinh ra tai My
nhung van cd kha nang ndi tieng Viet va cd tinh cam g i n bd vdi que hUdng cdi ngudn cua minh.
Thd hai la viec tham gia tich cufc
vac cic hoat dpng van h o i - xa hdi do cac cd quan d trong nUdc va cd quan dai dien ta d nUdc ngoai td chiic nhu:
phong t r i o quyen gdp tuf thien nhan dao hudng ve que hUdng. Nhutng nam g i n day, sd' tien dd cdng ddng ngUdi Viet d nUdc ngoai ndi chung, d My ndi rieng gufi ve nUdc giiip dd ddng bid cac viing hi lu lut, thien tai,... ngay cang nhieu. H i n g tram trieu ddng da dUdc cdng ddng ngUdi Viet tai My quyen gdp treng "ngay vi ngUdi ngheo" do Mat tran Td qud'c Viet Nam phat dpng.
Cdng ddng ciing tich cufc ung hd 'vu kien cua Hpi Nan nhan chat ddc da cam/Dioxin Viet Nam va mpt so' nan nhan (md dau tu: ngay 30/01/2004) kien 37 cdng ty va tap doan s i n xuat h d i chat dec cung cap cho quan dpi My suf dung d Viet Nam tai Tea an Lien bang My tai Brooklyn, New York.
Hang loat hoat ddng tuyen truyen, gay quy umg hp nan nhan nay do cic to chiic, ca nhan ngUdi Viet Nam d My va nhieu ndi khac td chiic da thu hiit suf tham gia ddng dao cua mpi tang ldp xa hdi tuf ngUdi gia cho de'n cac thanh nien the he thuf hai, ha dUdc sinh ra va ldn len d nUdc ngoai.
Thd ba, n g i y cang cd nhieu Viet
kieu d My hang h i i thiic day hoat dpng dau tU, kinh doanh tai Viet Nam.
Cdng ddng ngUdi Viet d My ndi
rieng va d nUdc ngoai ndi chung, dac
biet la cac doanh nhan ngUdi Viet da
va dang thufc hien d i u tU kinh dcanh
chii yeu tren cac Hnh vufc chinh nhU
cdng nghiep va dich vu tai cac dia
phUdng cd cd sd ha t i n g td't, trinh dp
dan tri va mufc sd'ng cao nhu H i Npi,
thanh phd' Hd Chi Minh, Hai Dudng,
K h i n b Hoa. Ddng Nai. Dieu n i y cung hoan t o i n de hieu vi d i u tU vao c i c t i n h t h a n h n a y se giiip n h i d a u tU giam bdt dUdc chi p h i s i n xua't, cd dung lUdng t h i trUdng ldn n e n t h u a n ldi trdng k h a u tieu t h u s i n p h a m va phii hdp vdi xu t h e cua d i u tif nUdc ngoai tai Viet N a m thdi gian qua.
Ngudn vd'n d a u tU ciia ngUdi Viet N a m dinh cU d nifdc n g o i i chii yeu cd x u a t xuf tuf nhUng qud'c gia cd nen kinh te cung nhU miic t h u n h a p r a t ddi d i o , ddng thdi cd n h i e u ngUdi Viet N a m sinh sd'ng, nhU: Hoa Ky (dang ky 60,4 t r i e u USD); Lien b a n g Nga (dang ky 54,6 trieu USD); T h u y Si (50 trieu USD); tuf c i c nUdc P h i p , A u s t r a l i a , Bi vac k h o a n g 20 t n e u U S D . N a m 2003, cac duf a n d a u tU cua Viet kieu theo L u a t D i u t u nUdc ngoai da ddng gdp vac n g a n s i c h n h a nUdc 1,2 t r i e u USD.'^ Ket q u a d i u tU cua kieu b i o cumg vdi d i u tU ciia nUdc n g o i i ndi chung da gdp p h a n bd s u n g ngudn vd'n, tao t h e va lufc p h a t t r i e n mdi cho nen k i n h te da't nUdc. M a t k h i c , thdng qua d i u tU ndi t r e n , n h i e u ngudn lufc trong nUdc nhU lao ddng. d a t dai, tai nguyen... dUdC k h a i t h a c v i sii d u n g tUdng ddi cd hieu q u i . Vdi vi t r i viia cd kien tbiic t h i trUdng nifdc n g o i i , vufa am hieu t i n h h i n h , p h o n g tuc, t a p q u i n t r o n g nUdc va cd ldi t h e ve ngdn ngut. kieu b i d da p h a t h u y td't vai trd mdi gidi, xiic tie'n d a u tU, d u a c i c cdng ty, c i c h a n g ldn cua nUdc n g c i i v i d d i u t u tai Viet N a m .
H a n g n a m , lUdng kieu hdi gufi ve nUdc ngay cang t a n g , m a kieu. hdi lai la ngudn ngcai te q u a n t r p n g hdn ca vd'n d i u tU nUdc ngoai va tien t i i trd ODA, vi k h d n g p h a i t r a lai, t r a t h u e nhieu. T h e e duf d d i n , lUdng kieu hdi tii My ndi rieng, tii c i c nUdc k h i c cd ngUdi Viet s i n h sd'ng ndi c h u n g se tiep tuc gia t a n g t r o n g nhUng n a m tdi nhd
chUdng t r i n h x u a t k h a u lad ddng ciia Viet N a m . Kieu hdi ngay cang t a n g da trd t h a n h mdt, ddng lUc q u a n trpng p h i t t r i e n k i n h te dat nUdc. Trdng giai ddan hien nay, viec h i n g n a m t h u hiit dUdc mdt lifdng kieu hdi ldn la dieu r a t cd y nghia, gdp p h a n t a n g k h i n a n g tich luy ngoai te va dieu h a n h nen k i n h te vi md cua Chinh phu. Ddi vdi ngUdi d i n t r o n g nUdc, kieu hdi gdp p h a n t a n g t h u n h a p . tao t h e m n h i e u cdng an viec lam, gdp p h i n c i i t h i e n ddi sd'ng cho mdt bd p h a n d i n cU.
Thd tit l i vai trd tich cufc ciia dpi ngu cac chuyen gia, tri thufc va d o a n h n h a n Viet kieu tai My.
Ddng gdp cua c i c dpi ngu chuyen gia ngUdi My gd'c Viet vdi dat nUdc ngay cang t a n g . Hp ve hdp t i c vdi cic cd quan trdng nUdc dUdi nhieu h i n h thufc k h i c n h a u nhU t h a m gia g i i n g day, de tai nghien cufu; gidi thieu chuyen gia nUdc n g c i i hdp t i c vdi trdng nUdc; mdi chuyen gia trong nUdc du c i c sinh boat khoa hpc qud'c te; mdi gidi xin hpc bdng d i e dao, nghien cufu;
quyen gdp hpc bdng k h u y e n khich tai n a n g tre; ket hdp hdat ddng s i n xuat kinh ddanh va chuyen giao cdng nghe;
t h a m gia c i c chUdng t r i n h hdp t i c qud'c te ciia Viet N a m . Hp dUdc mdi ve lam viec vdi c i c bd n g i n h , dia phUdng, cic cd q u a n nghien cufu khoa hpc hoac cac cd sd s i n xua't, che bien s i n pham;
trong dd cd ngUdi da dUdc mdi lam tU van cho T h u tUdng Chinh phu. Mdt sd' linh vufc d a n g n g h i e n cufu hdp t i c cd hieu q u i nhU tin hpc va ufng dung tin hpc, dien tuf, vien thdng, y hpc...
Ddng gdp cua tri thdc ngitdi My gdc Viet: N e u so vdi dpi n g u tri thutc
ngUdi My gd'c Hoa h a y An Dp. suf p h a t t r i e n cua cdng ddng t r i thiic ngUdi My gd'c Viet k h i k h i e m tdn.
Song day lai cd t h e trd t h a n h ngudn
lufc quan trpng ddi vdi nen kinh te Viet Nam do hp cd nhieu t h u a n ldi cd ban Sd vdi dpi ngu tri thutc trong nUdc. DUdc did tao d mpt nen giio due hang d i u the gidi. lam viec trong mdi trUdng ky thuat cao, cd mdi lien he chat che vdi cic trung tam khca hpc ndi tieng the gidi, dpi ngu tri thutc gd'c Viet tai My hoan t o i n cd the d i p ling nhu ciu p h i t trien trcng nUdc.
Trong so' hp, cd khdng it ngUdi mud'n trd ve que hUdng, viia de tim kiem cd hdi lim an, viia gdp phan xay dufng que hUdng, dat nUdc. G i n day, dpi ngu cic nha khoa hpc ngUdi My gdc Viet ve nUdc cung ddng hdn. Hp lam viec tai cic trUdng dai hpc, vien nghien cdu. T h i n g 9/2002, tien sy Nguyen C h i n h Khe, t i c gia ciia 31 bang p h i t minh dang ky d My trdng cic linh vufc td chute v i q u i n ly khca hpc va ky thuat, dac biet la khoa hpc vat lieu cdng nghe thdng tin va che tao vi mach. da quyet dinh ve nUdc sinh sdng va lam v i e c '
Dong gdp cua doanh nhdn ngitdi My gdc Viet: Thi trUdng My l i thi
trUdng cd siic mua cac nhUng ludn dien ra canh tranh gay gat, cac quy dinh bao ve ngUdi tieu dung rat nghiem ngat v i he thd'ng phap luat phiic tap. Viec dUa hang hda Viet Nam tham nhap thi trUdng My l i mdng Udc ciia h i u het cac n h i xua't khau trong nUdc, scng chUa bae gid la mdt dieu de thufc hien. NhUng nhUng doanh nhan ngUdi Viet d My, vdi kinh nghiem va cich di rieng, chinh l i d i u mdi rat tdt de cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam phan phdi hang cho ngUdi tieu dumg tai day. Ddng thdi, ngUdi Viet tai My cung ddng vai trd quan trpng trong viec thiet lap he thd'ng phan phdi hang hoa tai thi trUdng tiem nang n i y , bdi viec suf dung tu van la ngudi My khdng cho
dp an toan va niem tin ban d i u cac b i n g viec suf dung chinh cac tU van ngUdi Viet ndi day.
Thd ndm, sii tham gia v i ddng gdp
cdng sufc cua cdng ddng ngUdi Viet tai My dUdc the hien k h i t c i n dien tren ta't c i cic linh vufc neu tren, ke ca cic boat ddng chinh tri ciia da't nUdc. .
Cdng ddng ngUdi Viet tai My ngiy cing pha'n khdi, tin tudng vao dUdng ldi, chinh sach cua Dang va Nha nUdc ta d i n h cho cdng ddng ngUdi Viet dang lam an, sinh sd'ng, hpc tap, cdng t i c . . . tai nUdc ngcai. Tuf chinh sich diing dan ciia Dang va Nha nUdc, dng Nguyen Cao Ky, cufu Thu tUdng Viet Nam Cong hoa, da ve tham da't nUdc nhieu l i n va ngay cang hieu hdn sU nghiep chinh nghia cua cich mang;
Thien sU Thich Nha't Hanh va 190 tang n h i n cung da ve tham dat nUdc trong nhieu ngay... Nhieu ngUdi cd mat d trdng nUdc da chu dpng tham gia cudc b i u cuf Qud'c hdi. Cd the tha'y hp cung rat vui mufng tham duf nhiing boat ddng ldn cua cic td chufc chinh tri - xa hpi d trong nUdc.
Trong nhUng nam g i n day, da cd
rat nhieu chuyen bie'n tich cufc trong
cdng ddng ngUdi Viet tai My. Hp cd xu
hudng phat trien ngay cang dn dinh,
hpi nhap vao xa hpi va da't nUdc cU
t n i . tiep thu cac gia tri van hoa sd tai
ddng thdi van giut gin va p h i t huy ban
sac dan tdc. Da cd rat nhieu hpi, doan
va cac td chiic nghe nghiep cua ngUdi
Viet, dac biet la d My ve que hUdng
da't nUdc de thufc hien cic heat dpng,
cac du an hdp t i e khoa hpc, cdng nghe
va cac hoat dpng mang tinh nhan dao
de trd giiip ddng bao trong nUdc. Cdng
ddng ngUdi Viet d nUdc ngoai da' va
dang trd t h a n h mdt trong nhutng
ngudn lufc quan trpng, ne'u dUdc phat
huy, se gdp phan khdng nhd vao cdng
cupc phat trien da't nUdc.
3. D o i vdfi q u a n h e V i e t - My TrUdc bet, cd t h e ndi nhUng ngUdi My gd'c Viet cd t h i i dp " t r u n g gian"
chiem p h i n ldn t r o n g cdng ddng My, dii liic nay liic k h i c hi c i c t h e lufc cufc doan de doa, ldi keo nhUng n h i n chung hp t r i n h d i n h liu den c i c b o a t dpng chinh tri p h d c t a p , chi lo l i m a n v i khi cd dieu kien t h i ve nUdc t h a m t h a n n h a n , giiip gia dinh, di du lich hoac tim hieu cd hdi d i u tU... D i n g chii y l i d nhutng dia b a n cdn phiic tap, n h i e u ngUdi da cdng k h a i len tie'ng t r e n c i c phUdng tien t h d n g tin dai chiing p h a n ddi cac b o a t ddng chd'ng p h i Viet N a m ciia nhutng t h e life thii dich, va b i y td t h i i dp umg hd N h i nUdc Viet N a m , iing hd p h i t trien q u a n he cua My vdi Viet N a m . Cd the ndi, n h i e u kieu bao da ludn hudng ve Td qud'c vdi t i n h cam v i t r i c h n h i e m . Tuy h o a n c i n h mdi ngUdi mdi k h i c , nhUng ai c u n g q u a n t a m theo ddi t i n h h i n h da't nUdc v i mong mud'n gdp p h i n nhd be cua minh vdi que hUdng.
Da Sd' ngUdi Viet t a i My b e a n n g h e n h va u n g hd q u a n he Viet N a m v i My t r o n g thdi gian g a n day, dac biet u n g h e Hiep d i n h ThUdng mai Viet-My, quy che Thifdng m a i b i n h t h u d n g v i n h vien vdi Viet N a m (PNTR)... N h i e u ngUdi, n h a t la gidi t r e da h a n g h a i thiic day b o a t ddng d i u tu, k i n h d o a n h hoac gidi t h i e u cac ddi t i c nUdc n g c a i vao Viet N a m lam a n . C i c td chiic n g h e n g h i e p , ddng hUdng, tuf t h i e n d My v i c i c nudc k h a c nhU P h i p , Bi, N h a t , Diic, Australia,... da v i d a n g cd n h i i n g h o a t dpng ddng gdp t h i e t thufc hifdng ve da't nUdc.
Thdng q u a cac h i n h thufc k h i c nhau, cdng ddng ngUdi Viet tai My da tich cUc v a n ddng chinh p h u My bai bd
lenh cam v a n Viet N a m , umg hd binh thUdng boa q u a n he Viet N a m - My cung n h u viec iing hp Viet Nam gia n h a p td chufc thUdng mai the gidi (WTO). Ddng thdi, thdng qua cdng ddng ngUdi Viet tai My, n h a n d i n My cd t h e hieu t h e m ve ddi sdng, lich sU, v a n h d i , phdng tuc t a p q u i n , luat p h a p ciia Viet N a m . NgUdc lai thdng qua cdng ddng n i y , n h a n dan trong nUdc hieu hdn ve ddi sd'ng, lich sii, van h o i , p h c n g tuc, t a p q u i n , luat phap My. Nhit vdy, cd the coi cgng ddng ngiidi Viet tgi My la cdu ndi quan trgng trong tien trinh phdt trien quan he gida Viet Nam vd My.
Nhieu ngUdi Viet tai My lam chuyen gia t u van ve l u a t p h i p va chinh s i c h , d i u tU t n i c tiep, hdp t i c k i n h doanh, n g h i e n cufu khoa hpc hoac l i m c i u ndi de c i c td chute kinh te, khoa hpc ky t h u a t My v i e l i m an vdi Viet N a m va ngUdc lai de c i c doanh nghiep Viet N a m tiep can thi trifdng My. Den nay, da cd hdn 400 doanh nghiep kieu b i o My d a n g ky dau tU theo L u a t K h u y e n khich d a u t u trong nUdc vdi so' vd'n 750 ty ddng v i 20 duf i n d i u t u theo L u i t d i u tif nUdc n g o i i tai Viet N a m vdi sd' vdn k h o i n g 85 t r i e u U S D . Kieu hdi tii My gufi ve h i n g n a m chiem 65-70% tdng sd'kieu hdi. Kieu bao tai My ve nifdc cung chiem sd lUdng cao n h a t , k h o a n g mdt niia so'kieu b i o ve t h a m d a t nUdc.
Nhin chung, cdng ddng ngUdi Viet tai My da cd i n h hUdng q u a n trpng ddi vdi q u a n he hUu nghi v i hdp t i c giUa Viet N a m v i My. Vdi tinh c i c h yeu chudng h o i binh, hUu nghi ciia ngUdi Viet N a m ndi chung, da sd ngUdi Viet N a m d My hdan n g h e n h va umg hd suf p h i t t r i e n q u a n he Viet N a m - My, nha't la t r o n g q u a n he kinh te ciing n h u t r o n g viec gdp p h i n xay d u n g que hUdng, di't nUdc. Xet ve mdt
so k h i a canh. cdng dong ngUdi Viet t a i My chinh la mdt n h a n t d tich cue t r o n g tien t r i n h p h a t t r i e n q u a n he Viet - My.
Tdm lgi. t r o n g n h u n g n a m qua.
mac dil the gidi cd n h i e u bien ddng.
song cdng ddng ngu'di \ ' i e t N a m d My v i n d a n g p h i t t r i e n theo h u d n g n g i y cang dn dinh va hoa n h a p td't hdn vad xa hpi nu'dc sd tai: cd vi tri. a n h h u d n g n h a t dinh d ndi cU t n i va cd t i c ddng d muc dp khac n h a u t r o n g viec duy tri.
cung cd' va p h a t t n e n mdi q u a n he giua hai ben.
Cd the k h a n g dinh cdng ddng ngUdi
\'iet tai My la mdt t r o n g n h u n g t i e m n a n g ndi liic q u a n trpng. va la cau cua Viet N a m ra My va qud'c te. Hy vpng vdi sii hd trd ciia N h a nUdc. suf hdp lufc cua cac cdng ddng ngu'di Viet k h a c tai nu'dc ngoai. n h u n g tiem n a n g ciia cdng ddng ngu'di Viet tai My se ngay cang du'dc p h a t huy. gdp p h i n tich ciic cho cdng cupc xay diing dat nu'dc. Sii doan ket giua cdng ddng ngudi Viet d t r o n g nUdc va nudc ngoai se tao nen mpt sue m a n h dan tdc to ldn. dd la sU ket hp'p giua ndi liic va ngoai liic. t m h h c a d a n tdc va t m h hoa t h e gidi. Siic m a n h dd se dua \'iet N a m hpi n h a p . p h i t tridn va sanh vai cimg cac cu'dng qud'c n a m chau diing n h u dieu m a C h u tich Hd Chi M m h s m h thdi h i n g mong ddi •
Tdt lieu tham khdo:
1. Tap chi Que hifong Online.
http://quehuongonline.vnA^ietNam/Home/
2. Bo Ngoai giao, 'Vu chau My (2005), Viet Nam - Chdu My: Thdch thiic vd cd hgi. Hoc vien Quan he Quoc te. Ha Xoi.
3. Le ^ h n h Quoc (2007). Mot ngdx d M\. Nxb.
Tre, Tp, Ho Chi Mmh.
4. h ttp://www. asian-nation.org/Vietnamese- community.shtml.
5. Lon Coleman (2004), Vietnamese in America. Lerner Publications. Minneapolis.
MX. USA.
6. James M. Freeman. Xancy Foner (1996), Changing Identities: Vietnamese Americans 1975-1995 'New Imrnigrantsj. Allyn cS:
Bacon, USA.
7. Paul James Rutledge (1992), The Vietnamese Experience in America (Minorities in Modern America), Indiana University Press, Indiana, USA.
Chu thich:
1) http://vietnamnet.vn/thegioi/vn_tg/2006/01 /534699/
2) http://www,quehuong.org.vn/'vi/nr0503071 31435/nr050106094126/nr050113100700/n S070117122322
3) http://www2.thanhnien.com.vn'Kieubao/
2007/1/7/177920.tno
4) http://vietnamembassy.org.ar/9.3.vn_tinhh inh.php
5) Do Thi Dieu Xgoc. (2006), "Luat nhap cU cua My va ngUdi Viet Xam nhap cU 0 My", Tap chi Chau Mv Xgav nav. (so' 3). tr.59-63.
