VAN DUNG Li THUYET QUAHUCHAUUmiG TONG THE
TRONG QUAN ll GHAT M G HOAT OONG OOl OUlG GlAO VliN P H I THONG
ThS. NGUYEN THI THANH LOAN"
T rong qua trinh phat trien da't nudc theo hudng CNH, HDH trong dieu kien kinh tethj trudng djnh hudng xahgichu nghTa va hoi nhap qudc te, vai trd quan trpng cua plao due va dao tao (G D-DT) ngay cang dugc khang djnh "GD-DTcOng vdi kboa hgc cong nghe duge colli quoc sich hang di'W. Nghi quyet so29-NQ/TW lan thtjf tim cua Ban chip hinh Trung uang khoa XI6a dua ra cac giai phap then chot "Boimdican ban cong tic quin //'{QL} GD-D T, bao dam din ehu, thong nhat; ting quyin tuchu va trach nhiem xihgicua cic casa giio due, dao tao; eoi trgng quan li chat iugng (Q LC LJ" va "Pbit trien dgi ngu nhi giio vi cin bg QL dap ting yeu cau doi mdi GD-DT (1). Oieu nay mpt lan nua da kh^ng djnh tam quan trpng cua hoat ddng boidudng tbu&ng xuyen (BDTX) trong viec phat trien dpi ngu nha giao, nang cao chat luong day va hpc, dao tao nen ngudn nhan li/c dap i^ng duac yeu cau ngay cang cao cua nen kinh te, xahoi hdi nhap qud'c t§'.
1. Thuc trang hoat dong BDTX giao vien pho thong {GVPf)
Cd the ndi, hoat ddng BDTX G VPT da ludn dupc chu trpng. Cac van ban nhu: Thong ttf 30/2011 H'T- BGDBT; Thong tU 31/2011/TT-BGDBT; Thong tu so 32/2011/TT-BGDD Tngiy 08/8/2011 eua Bg GD- D T ve viec ban hinh Cbuang trinh BDTXGV tn/dng tmng hge phoMng, tmng hgc ca see, tieu hge; Thong tif 26/2012/TT-BGD ngiy 10/7/2012 cia Bg GD-D r ve vi$e ban hanh Quy che'BD TXGV mam non, pho thong vi giao due ihudng xuyen... da tao hanh lang phap li giup hoat ddng BDTX G VPT tap trung nhiem vu nang cao chat IU(?ng {CL) dpi ngu giao vien {G V), dap dng dupc yeu cau dd'i mdi giao due ndi chung va ddi mdi giao dye phd'thdng ndi rieng...
Tuy nhien, thi/c te cho thay, hoat dpng boi dudng vin chua dat dupc hieu qua cao nhu mong mud'n, cdn mang tinh hinh thdc, chua coi trpng CL. Trong
qua trinh then khai, cac dja phuong da gap nhieu khd khan ve tai lieu tap huan npi dung boi dudng dap dng yeu cau thuc hien nhiem vu phat then giao due pho thdng theo tdng thdi ki cua mdi dja phuong; ve trinh dpbao cao vien, kinh phithuc hien, cdng tacQL... Bdi vay,de hoatdpng BDTX GVPT dam baoCUrSitcin tien hanh do'i mdi glai phap QL.
2. Quan li chait lirong tong the (TQM) Budc khdi dau hinh thanh he thong QLCL td'ng the(TQM)latd/f/emsoa7C/.fd/J5/70p-{TotalQuality Control -TQG} do Faygenbao khdi xudng nam 1950.
TQC dupc djnh nghTa n\\\i''mdt he thong cdhieu qua dehgp nhat cie nSii/c ve then khai CL, duy tri CL vi cii tien CL cua cac bg phan khae nhau trong mgt to chUc sao cho no co the sin xuat vi thuc hien dieh vu 6 mtic kinh te nhat thoa man duge ngudi tieu dung'.
Faygenbao khang djnh trach nhiem cua mpi ngudi d6ivdiCLnhusau;"/Vg'i/o/c/?/u//ac/?n/?^m veCL khong phai li cin bg kiem tra mi chinh la nhihig ngudi lim ra san pham, ngudi dting may, dgitrudng, khau giao nhin hang, cung ting... tuy vao tiing tn/dng hgpeuthe^'[2).
Theo \S0 9000, TQM li cich QL mgttd'chiJCt$p tmng vio CL, dus vao su tham gia ciia tit ea eae thinh vien cua no, nhim datdugc suthinh eong lau dainhdviee thda min khich hing va dem iai lgi ich eho cac thinh vien cua tochdc do vi cho xih^L OSy la mdt phuong phap QLCL mdi, lien quan de'n nhieu cap, nhieu bp phan cd chdc nang khac nhau, nhung lai ddi hoi mpt suhpp tac dong bp. Theo E.W.Deming, TQM gom cac budc to'ng quat sau; - Lua chpn qua trinh uu tien de phan tich; - Phan tich qua trinh;
- Kiem tra qua trinh {cac chi tieu/bang dieu khien;
quan he khach hang/ngudi cung dng; hpp dong djch vy khach hang/ngudi cung dng); - PhuPng phap cai tien CL cua qua trinh.
(ki2-8/2014)
* Cue Nha giao va Can bf quan li co sd ^ a o due, B9 GD-DT
Tap chi Giao due so 340 117
TQM ludn dupc cac nhanghien cdu khoa hpcQL giao due ban den va td nhung nam 90 cua the ki XX trd lai day, TQM da trd thanh tam diem chuy eua cae e o s d g i a o d u c - v i l a m d h i n h QLtoan bp qua trinh giao due de dam bao CL td"dau vao", qua trinh, "dau ra". TQM thue sula cdng cu hd trp tot nhat dam bao dupc CL cho cac hoat ddng QL trong nha trudng (3).
QLhoatdpng BDTX GVPTtheohUdng van dung TQM la mpt each ddi mc^ tu duy QL; la phuong tien, each thde dedat muc dich nang eao CL va hieu qua hoat dpng BDTX, dap dng muc tieu nang eao trinh dp, phat then GVPT, tao nguon luc thuc hien thanh cdng cdng eudc ddi mdi giao due.
3. Van dung TQM trong QLCL hoat dpng BDTXGVPT
7^QZ. "(fai/rao" g6m:xay dung kehoach va chuan bj eae nguon luc nhuchuong trinh boi dudng, quy che boidudng,tai lieu boi dudng,bao cao vien, hpe vien, CO sdvat Chat... Xay dung ke hoach la khau dau tien phai lam trong quy trinh QL dau vao cua hoat dpng BDTX GVPT, vdi cac npi dung chu ye'u sau:
a)Xacdinhmijetieu:-Gy hoc tap, BDTX decap nhat kie'n thdc chinh trj, KT-XH, boi dudng pham chat chinh trj, d^o dde nghe nghiep, phattrien nang lue d?y hpe, nang li/e giao due va nhdng nang lue khae theo yeu eau cua ehuan nghe nghiep GV, nhiem vu nam hpe, cap hpe, yeu eau phattrien giao due eua dia phupng, yeu eau dd'i mdi va nang eao CL giao due;
- Phat trien nang lue tu hpe, tu boi dudng eua GV;
nang lyc tudanh gia hieu qua BDTX; nang luc toehue, QL hoat dpng tuhpc, tuboi dudng G V cua nhatarc^g, cua phong vasdGD-DT.
Vdi muc tieu tren, viec xay dung kehoach phai chl tiet, cu the, dong bd, kha thi, phu hpp vdi eae nguon luc; dam bao sulinh hoat, cai tien lien tyc... nhkm dap dng dupc muc tieu da de ra.
b) Dam bao ngud'n lue, nh^m: - Xay dung ehuong trinh boi dudng dam bao ve djnh hudng dd'i mdi, ve muc tieu, ve thdi lupng, npi dung phu hpp vdi dd'i tupng, tinh hinh thue tien eua nganh, dja phuong va CP so giao dye; - Tai lieu boi dudng phai cu the rd rang, khoa hpe, npi dung da dang, dam bao phu hpp vdi dd'i tupng nhung v&n cap nhat dupc nhung kie'n thuc mdi; - Bao cao vien (la cac nha giao thupc cae eP sd boi dudng) phai nam vdng dupc Chuong trinh BDTX, cd kha nang truyen dat npidung tai lieu BDTX phu hpp vdi G V; cd kinh nghiem, kien thdc, hieu biet ve hoat ddng hpc tap
181 Tgp chi Giao due so 340
eua GV, CO kha nang hudng d i n , tuvan GV tuhpc;
nam vung quy trinh to' chdc, npi dung, kTthuat, phuong phap, hinh thde danh gia ketqua boiduwig;
cd tinh than trach nhiem, kha nang cpng tac cua dong nghiep; - Oau tu eP sdvat ehat, trang thiet bi cho cae hoat dpng boi dudng nhu may tinh cdket nd'i Internet (dudng truyen tdc dp eao) trong viec khai thae nguon tai lieu tren trang web cua Cue Nha giio vi Cin bg OL casdgiao duccunq nhi/
hoat dpng boi tu boi dudng.
c) Xiy dimg kehoach hinh dgng vi it^ chgn hanh dgng uu tien de dat myc tieu eao nhat: - Xay dung ke hoaeh theo nam hpc dam bao cd khao sat nhu cau boidudng cua G V va can edthem vao nhiem vu nam hpc de lua chpn ndi dung uu tien boi dudng; - L i ^ chpn npi dung uu tien chinh la nhdng npi dung nhiem vu nam hpe eua nganh, dja phupng, nha trudng va nhung kie'n thde npi dung mang tinh thdi su.
2)QL qua trinh. Quatrinh BDTX GVPT gom cac hoatdongtd'chdc.trien khai, thue day tien dp boi dudng nhSm dat dupe CLeao cua hoatdpng. Cac hoat ddng boi dudng chju tac ddng chu ye'u tdcac yeu to "dau vao" - hay cd the ndi QL qua trinh cd CL phu thugc chat che vao ngudi ianh dao, to chdc, dieu hanh tiii/c hien hoat dpng boi dudng nay... i
Tuy nhien, ngudi lanh dgo, chu tri to' chdc thi/c hien hoat ddng boi dudng nay ehi cd the thi/c hien dupc khi ed su eam ket ve CL cua toan dpi ngu gom G V tham gia boi dudng, bao cao vien, nha lanii d^o, ngudi to'ehdc, eae cap QL giao dye... tdvi md denvT md... Qua trinh QLCL dong bp doi hoi mdi ngudi tham gia vao hoat dpng BDTX GVPT deu cd vai trd nhat djnh, mdi ngudi la mpt "mSt xich" trong quy trinh QL hoatdpng.
Oe'QL dupc qua trinh dam bao CL dong bd, cac cap QL nha nudc ve giao due phai tao duoc "hanh lang phap li" cho hogt dpng boi dudng; ed sudong thuan, thd'ng nhat tu cap QL nha nudc ve giao due den cac nha QL giao due d cae co sd giao due pho thdng, td G V tham gia boi dudng den bao cao vien tham gia giang day... Ben canh dd, can lang cudng cong tac giam sat, kiem tra djnh ki tien dp, CL qua trinh BDTX theo myc tieu, ke hoach da de ra degiiip cac nha QL tim ra dupc nhdng die'm cdn yeu kem, han che de kjp thdi dieu chinh...
3 ^ Q i . " ( f a o r a " , gom cacQL hoat dpng: danh gia ketquaboidudng cua GVPTdeeap giay eh dng nhan (thdng qua cac bai kiem tra, bai thuc tap nghien edu,
(ki2-8/2014)
Viet thu hoEich);danh gia qua quatrinh van dyng nhung kien thdc da hpc vao qua trinh day va hpe, giao due hpc sinh cua GV.
De viec danh gia dam bao CL, cac nha QL can phai xay dung dupc tieu chi danh gia, thang diem danh gia dam bao Uieo yeu cau cua cae van ban ehi dao lien quan den cdng tac boi dudng; phu hpp vdi npi dung va doi tupng boi dudng cung nhudam bao dupe ke hoach va mye tieu CL de ra.
Cdng tac QL hoat ddng BDTX GVPT dam bao dupc CL dong bp khi va chi khi tao nen dupc moitardng van hoa QLCLmsucam ket, niem tin, suchla se, hpp tac vi CL dupc xay dung trong mdi mot thanh vien khi tham gia hoatdpng BDTX. Phattrien van hda CLtrong qua trinh QL chinh la qua trinh dd1 mdi each thuc QL tao moi tnrdng de cac hoat dpng giao due trong nha tardng phothong ndi chung va hogt ddng BDTX giao vien ndi rieng dat dupc CL dong bp. Q
(1) Nghi quyit s^ 29-NQ/rW ngdy 04/11/2013 ciia Ban Chdp hanh trung uong khda XI vS dSi m&i cdn
bdn. toan diin gido due vd ddo tao ddp ung yiu cdu cdng nghiip hda, hiin dgi hda trong diiu kiin kinh ti thi trucmg dinh hu&ng xd h0i cha nghia.
(2) Edward Sallis Total Quality Management in Education - Third edition, 2002.
(3) Nguyin Kim Dinh Q u a n tri chS't linrag- NXB Tdi chinh, n.20]0.
SUMMARY
Total quality management (TQM) is a management educaUon modelis being applied in many countries around the world. So applying TQM in school teach- ers' regular fostering activities management meet modem management trends. However, apphcatlon of total quahty management in school teachers'regular fostering activities management often requires the synchronization of Input, process and output, which requires each member of the school is committed to engage with high quality requirements.
Articles focus on analyzing the status and prob- lems need to focus In the current period as set out quality assurance requirements of in school teach- ers' regular fostering activities management and to- ward building quality culture in total qulity manage- ment process.
GhiMngM dam bao Ghat Mg...
(Tiep theo trang 4)
nudc dam bao edng bSng, va phai dupe Chinh phu eung Bd GD-DT coi day ia mpt de an cap hpc trong td'ng theOdl mdi CP ban toan dien GD-OT theo NQ 29 BCHTW khoa 1 1 . a
Tdi lieu t h a m khio
1. Bao d o kha thi Chuong trinh dam bao cha't lugrng giSo due tnrdng hpc. BO GD-DT, thSng 7/2009.
2. Ban Quan U SEQAP. Bdo cao dSnh gia giai dogn 2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1 3 . Ha Npi, 2/2014.
3. B^o c5o nghien cihi didn hinh - Nh6m cSn bO nghiftn ciru Vien KHGD Vifit Nam - Tmong D^i hpc su' pham Ha N6i - Mr. J M R Cameron, Dai hpc Mudoch, H i Npi, 3/2014.
4. Ban QuSn li SEQAP. Bien ban Hpi thao \i tiia dp, hi§u qua SEQAP. Kon Tum, 3/2014.
5. Feasible Study Report on the School education quality assurance program. Ministry of Education and Training, July 2009.
6. S E Q A P C e n t r a l P r o j e c t M a n a g e m e n t Unit:
Evaluation report for the 2010-2013 period. Hanoi.
February 2014.
(ki2-8/2014)
7. Report of the Case study - Group of researchers from the Vietnam Institute of Educational Sciences - Hanoi University ofEducation - M r . J M R Cameron, Mudoch University, Hanoi, March 2014.
8. SEQAP Central Project Management Unit: The Minutes of the W o r k s h o p on the Progress and Effectiveness of SEQAP in Kon Tum, February 2014.
9. The Plan No. 80/KH-BGD-DT dated 25/12/2014 Of the Ministry of Education and Training on the implementation of professional meeting reform in general e d u c a t i o n s c h o o l s and the c o n t i n u i n g education center.
SUMMARY
School Education Quality Assurance Program (SEQAP) is a national program implemented across the 36 most disadvantaged provinces of Vietnam in more than 1600 primary schools mostiy located in disadvantaged and ethnic minority areas. The objec- tive of the Program is to improve primary education quality through the schools In transiting to full day schooling from 2010 - 2015, from which theneces- sary favorable conditions can be created to be served as foundations for the transition of the primary edu- cation nationwide to full day schooling with 100%
schools and prlmaiy students teaching and learning by 2020. Let's look at the achievements of SEQAP after 4years of implementation.
