Tgp chi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xd hgi, Nhdn vdn vd Gido d^c: 34 (2014). 62-73
Tap chl Khoa hpc Tru'dng Dai hoc Can The*
website: sj.ctu.edu.vn
XAC DJNH CAC YEU TO ANH HlTonVG ©EN SlT HAI LONG CUA N 6 N G DAN QUA K H 6 A HQC TAP HUAN FFS VE TANG CXfCfNG KY NANG CHON GIONG VA SAN XUAT LtiA GIONG C Q N G DONG TINH HAU GIANG NAM 2012
Pham Ngpc Nh^n', Huynh Quang Ti'n^ va D6 Ngoc Diim Phuong' ' Khoa Phdt trien Ndng thon, Trudng Dai hpc Cdn Tha
^ Vien Nghien cuu Phdt trien Ddng bdng Song Cdu Long. Trudng Dgi hgc Can Tho ABSTRACT
The aim of strengthening farmer capacity on rice breeding and seed production through "The farmer's field school" (FFS) in Hau Giang province in 2012 (belonging to FARES project of Can Tho University and Hau Giang Department of Science and Technology) was that providing farmers with the real knowledge and skills in using updated modern technology for improving the qualities of seeds and rice's value in the local area. The research focused on the farmers who participated in the FFS training course to find out the factors which influenced on their satisfaction. The study's result indicated that there were the five main factors influencing the satisfaction of farmers, namely the reliability of
the training class (Beta =0.848), the facilities and learning conditions (Beta = 0.190), the abilities to meet the requirements of the class (Beta = 0.090), the assurance of the class (Beta = 0.062) and the sympathy oJ teachers (Beta = 0.029). The study also suggested some solutions to improve the satisfaction of farmers who would join the training course in the future.
TOM T A T
Tang cudng ky ndng chgn gidng.yalsah xudelM^gidng cong dong qua khoa hudn luyen "Lap hgc tren rugng nong ddn (FFS)" tinh Hgu Gian^ nam 2012 Pong khuon kho hap tdc giiia Du dn FARES Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha vd Sd Khoa hpc Cong ngh$ tinh Hgu Giang nhdm cung cdp cho nong ddn nhiing kiin thuc thuc te va ky ndng dng dung nhiing tien bg khoa hoc ky thugt dd cdi thiin chdt lupng hat giong liia cho nong hg vd gop phdn ndng cao gid tri liia ggo hdng hoa tgi dia phucmg. Nghien cdu ndy dd tdp trung vdo cdc hp nong ddn dd tham gia khoa tap hudn FFS de tim hieu cdc yeu to tdc dong din su hdi long cua nong ddn thong qua qud trinh hudn luyen FFS.
Ket qud nghien cdu cho thdy, su hai Idng ciia nong ddn chiu dnh hudng nhiiu nhdt bdi yiu to Dg tin cgy cua ldp tgp hudn (Beta = 0,848), thu hai la yiu td Ca sd vgt chdt vd dieu kien hpc tap (Beta = 0,190), ke tiip Id yeu to Khd nang ddp dng yeu cdu cua ldp hpc (Beta = 0,09), tiep theo Id yeu to Su dam bao cua ldp hgc (Beta = 0,062) vd cuoi ciing Id Sif cam thong cua gidng vien (Beta = 0,029). Nghien cdu cung gai md mgt so giai phdp nhdm cdi thien phuong phdp hudn luyen vd ndng cao su tiep thu cho nong ddn tham gia ldp hgc FFS trong thdi gjan t&i.
Thdng tin chung:
Ngdy nhgn: 26/05/2014 Ngdy chdp nhgn: 31/10/2014 Title:
Determining the factors influencing the farmers' satisfaction via the FFS training course about strengthening farmer capacity on rice breeding and seed production in Hau Giang Province in 2012
Tdkhda:
Hai long, tap hudn, ldp hgc tren dong rugng
Keywords:
Satisfaction, training, farmer's field school
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho 1 SAT VAN DE
Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xd hgi, Nhdn van vd Gido due: 34 (2014): fiZ-Z
Vi?t Nam la mot nuac co truyfin tiiong san xuit n6ng nghidp lau doi, voi ty le dSn so song a nong thdn cao va ttong lua dang giu' mgt vi tri quan ttpng ttong phat tr'ikn kinh ik., xS hOi cua ddt nude.
Tuy nhien, viee ung dung cac tiin bg khoa hgc ky thuat ttong san xuat nong nghiip chua deu gitta cac tinh va tung viing trong tinh H|iu Giang vi the nang suit va san lugng cay ttong van con thap. Cae nghien cuu cho thiy ring giai phap chuyen giao tien bo khoa hge ky thuat eho nSng dan ttong san xuat nong nghiep thong qua lop hpc hien truong (FFS) \k. hiiu qua nhdt de dao tao, tap huSn kj?
nSng, hucmg din ky thuat tien bg va ap dung nliung kien thiic da hoc vao tten chinh manh dit cua hg (Huj'nh Quang Tin va ctv, 2009). Ngay nay, Idp hgc FFS cd vai ttd quan ttgng ttong cdng tic phat ttien he thdng khuyen ndng, gdp ph3n tao ra ngudn luc ndng dan tri thuc va nSng ddng ttong md hinh
"phit ttiln ky thuat cd sir tham gia" va iing dung vao san xuat.
Du an "Ting cuong hgp tac nong dan ttong nghiin ciiu ndng nghiep va khuyen ndng (FARES) - Viet Nam giai doan 2011 - 2013" nhim giiip ndng dan nang cao kien thiic, nSng lgc vl chgn gidng, cai thiin chat lupng h^t gidng ndng hd va bio ton da dang sinh hgc dupe Viin Nghiin ciiu Phat ttiln Ddng bang Song Cuu Long (MDI) - Trudng D^i hpc Can Tha xay dyng tu nam 2011, tinh Hau Giang \k mgt ttong nhung tinh tham gia du in. Hoat ddng chinh ctia Du in FARES la nang cao nang luc cdng ddng thdng qua khda huan luyen theo phuang phap "lap hpc ttin ddng rugng (FFS)"
va eic nghien ciiu ddng rudng ve chgn gidng cho ndng dan thuc hlgn tai cdng ddng. Vi thi, nghiin ciiu^tS^ ^to" hilrnhhiih xic dinh cic yeu td anh hudng din s\r hai Idng ciia ndng din tiiam gia khda t^p huin, ttt dd tim ra cac giii phap cai tiin phuong phip huan luyen va ning cao sir tiip thu cua ndng dan trong tiin ttinh tham gia khda t^p huin FFS.
2 PHU'CfNG PHAP NGHIEN c u t ; 2.1 Phinmg phap thu thSp so liiu Sd lidu thu cip dugc thu th?ip tu Sd Ndi^
nghiip va Phit triin Ndng thdn tinh Hau Giang, Trung tam Khuyin ndng tinh Hau Giang, Chi cue Bao v? thuc vat tinh Hau Giang.
Sd lieu thii cdp cua muc tieu dinh gia sir hai Idng cua ndng dan qua ldp t|p huin FFS dugc thu th§p bing phuong phip chpn mlu phan ting kit hpp vdi nglu nhien &^ dim bao tinh chinh xic.
khoa hgc eua sd lieu daqc thu thip tten S dia b ^ CO td chiic ldp hgc theo ke hoach ciia du ^ FARES, trong dd bao gdm huyen Chiu Thanh A (sd hpc viin la 23), huyin Long MJ (s6 hpc vlln M 29), huyin Phyng Hiep (sd hgc viin la 23), tiianh phd Vi Thanh (sd hge vien la 25), Vi Thiiy (so hgc vien la 25) vdi tdng s6 miu diiu tta la 125 mlu.
Tit ca ndng dan dugc chgn phdng vin (125 nong dan) diu tham gia diy dii khda hgc tap huin FFS chgn tao gi6ng va san xuit lua gidi^ c§ng ding nam 2012. Trong bang cau hdi chinh thiic, thang do Su hai Idng co 3 myc hdi, thang do chit lugng djch vy ed 22 muc hdi, cho diim theo thang diim LiKert tii I din 5. Theo Hoang Trgng vi Chu Nguyin MOng nggc (2005), sd quan sat it nhit phii bing 4 hay 5 lln s6 biin ttong phan tich nhin ti.
Thang do ehit lugmg tap huin co 22 muc hoi dupe dua vao phin tich nhan to nin yeu ciu c5 mlu nhd nhit la 110. Viy c5 mlu 125 Ii dat ylu cau nghiin ciiu.
Trude khi dua mau dilu tra vio phdng vin tr^c tiep ndng din, tic gia tiin hinh phdng vin thu dl kiem tra tinh phii hgp ciia pitieu phdng vin, dong thdi hllu chinh phieu cho phu hgp vdi tinh hinh thuc te tten dia ban nghien ciiu.
2.2 Phmmg phap pfaSn tich so li^u Cie d& lieu dugc xu ly bang phin mim Excel, SPSS 16.0 va tong hgp phin tich dua trin cic phuong phap thdng kl md ta, thdng ke phin tich.
Thang do Likert dugc thiit ki vdi 5 miic diem dl do ludng miic dg hai long cua ndng dan duoc kiim dinh dO tin c§y bang he sd Cronbach Alpha. Cac thang do dugc dinh gia thdng qua cdng cy chinh la he sd Cronbach Alpha. He sd Cronbach Alpha dugc su: dyng di loai bd biin rac, cic biin cd h$ si tuang quan t6ng nhd hom 0,3 se bi loai. Theo Nunnally va Brunstein (1994), tiiu chuin di lira chgn thang do khi cd dd tin c^y Cronbach Alpha >0,6 la cd thi su dyng dupe trong ttudng hgp khii ni^m thang do ludng la mdi hoic mdi doi vdi ngudi tri ldi trong boi cinh nghien ciiu. Trong ph^m vi nghiin ciiu nay, ddi tupng tra ldi phdng vin Ii ndng din, day la lin diu hp tiep c|ln vdi phieu dieu tta theo dang sii dung thang do Likert dugc thiit ki vdi 5 miic dp danh gia khic nhau.
Phuang phap phan tich nhin td (Factor Analysis) duge su dung di xic dinh eic nhin td tic ddng din Stt hai long cua ndng dan tham gia khoa hoc tap huin FFS chpn tao gidng va sin xuat liia giing cgng ddng.
Tgp chi Khoa hge Trucmg Dgi hge Cdn Tho Phdn C: Khoa hgc XS hgi, Nhdn van vd Gido due: 34 (2014): 62-73 4 KIET QUA VA THAO LU.^N
4.1 Dac diem mau dilu tra vi sir hai long 4.1.1 Dgtudi:
Trong pham vi nghiin ciiu nay, dp tudi ndng din tham gia khda hgc dugc chia ra thanh 4 nhdm tudi khic nhau: nhdm 1 gdm nhihig ndng dan cd dd tudi nhd hon 30 chiim tJ II 10,4%, nhom 2 gdm
nhung ndng din cd do tuoi tij 31 din 45 tudi chilm ly II 39,2, diy la nhdm mdi ndng dan tham gia Idp tip huin cd ty II cao nhit, ki tiip la nhdm tudi thii 3 bao gdm nhthig hpc viin cd do tudi tii 46 din 60 chilm t^ 1$ 36% va nhdm tudi thii 4 bao gdm nhung hgc viin cd tudi Idn han 60 tudi chilm ty 11 14,4% (Hmh I).
36%
'> Nhom tudi <30
« Nhom tudi tiJ-31- 45
^'Nhdm tuoi tir 4 6 - 50
39,2
Hinh 1: Ty le dp tuoi ndng din tham gia khda tip huin FFS Ngudn Kit qud diiu Ira ihtre li 125 nong ddn iham gia khoa hoc FFS tai linh Hgu Giang, 2012
4.1.2 Gidl tinh
Kit qua tten Hinh 2 eho thiy, tJ le nam tham gia khda hgc chiim 93,6% (117 ngudi). Do tip quan san xuat ndng nghiip truyin thdng va d hO
gia dinh ndng thdn, chu hd la nam gidi. Tuy nhiin, qua qua ttinh thu thip s6 HIu dilu tra cho thay hgc vien nil cung rit nang dpng ttong vile hgc tip va tiep thu tiin bO khoa hgc ky tiiuit mdi trong sin xuat vi canh tac.
100 90
6,4%
Hinh 2: Thing kl gidl tinh ndng din tham gia khda t^p huin FFS Ngudn: Kil qua diiu ira ihuc li 125 ndng ddn iham gia khoa hgc FFS lgi tinh Hdu Giang, 2012
6 4
n^j chi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho
4.1.3 Trinh do hoc vdn
Kit qui phin tich tten Hinh 3 cho thiy, tit ca nong dan tham gia khda tap huan dilu bilt chii. Sd ndng dan co trinh do cip 1 (tii ldp I din ldp 5) la 37 ngucri (chiim ty 11 29,6%). Sd ndng dan d trinh dp cap 2 (ttt ldp 6 din ldp 9) cd 64 ngudi (chiim ty le 51,2%), diy la nhdm ndng dan cd trinh do hgc
Phdn C: Khoa figc Xd hgi, Nhan vdn vd Gido dtfc: 34 (2014): 62-73 vin chiim ty II cao nhat va tJ II thip nhit la nhdm ndng dan co ttinh d^ cip 3 (tii Idp 10 din Idp 12) chiim ty II 19,2% (24 ngudi). Kit qui nghiin cihi ciing cho thiy, hg cd dugc nhung kiin thuc co ban cung nhu qua ttinh sin xuat thgc te tten ding rupng vi vay hp dl dai^ tilp tiiu cac kiln thiic ciing nhu nhung ky thuit tiin b^ dugc huin luy^n ttong suot khda hge.
29,6
I
C a p l ap2Hinh 3: Thing ke trinh dp van hoa ciia ndng dan tham gia khda tSp huan Ngudn: Kit qud diiu tra Ihuc ti 125 ndng ddn tham gia khoa hgc FFS lai tinh Hgu Giang. 2012
vu. Do xuit xii tii thang do SERVQUAL, eac thanh phin va biln quan sat eua thang do SERVPERF cung gidng nhu SERVQUAL. Md hinh SERVPERF dupe gpi la md hinh cim nhin (perception model). Ca hai md hinh phi kliang dinh va md hinh cam nhin deu dugc nhung nghien ciiu 4.2 Dinh gii thang do
Parasuraman, Zeithhaml va Berry (gpi tat la PZB) vao nim 1988 da dua ra thang do chit lugng dich vu SERVQUAL do ludng chit lugng dich vu bing each tinh toan khac bilt giiJa mong dgi va cam nhin ciia khich hang. SERVQUAL bao gdm 3 phin. Hai phin diu tlln gdm 2 bO vdi 22 muc hdi thi hien 5 thinh phin hinh thanh chit lugng: bd ciu hdi thii nhat dimg dl xac dinh mong dgi ciia khach hang doi vdi dich vu, bd cau hoi thii hai dung dl xie dinh cam nhin ciia khich hang ddi vdi djch vy dugc nlii cung ung thuc hi|n. Khach hing dugc ylu ciu cho diem mong dgi vi cim nhin eua hp theo thang diim Likert tii 1 (hoan toin khdng ddng "y) den 7 (hoan toan ddng y), hang do SERVQUAL chiing td rit h&u ich eho viec dinh gia chit lugng djch vu. Tii vile dinh gia SERVQUAL, Cronin va Taylor dua ra thang do SERVPERF vao nam 1992. SERVPERF xac djnh chat lupng dich vu bing cich chi do luong chit lugng djch vu cam nhan (thay vi ci mong dai va cim nhin nhu SERVQUAL), SERVPERF khdng cd ttpng so do ludng cam nhin dich vu dugc thuc hiln tdt han cic thang do khae ve chit lupng dich
sau do ung hd va phat triln thim cho phii hgp vdi cic" loaahiiyi^dicli^ygS:.Tuy nhien, md hinh SERVPERF don gian va dl'tiiuc hiln han.
Thang do cic thanh phin dam bio chit lupng ciia khda huin luyin hay con gpi la chat lugng dich vu dugc thiet kl ttin ca sd ap dung thang do SERVPERE, day la tiiang do da hudng vdi 5 tiianh phin cd tong cgng 22 biin. Do dd, dh kiim djnh thang do nay se dugc tien hanh bang cich dinh ^ i dO tin c^y dua tten phan tieh he s6 Cronbach Alpha. Cic yiu td tdc ddng din Sg hai long ciia ndng din ddi vdi chit lugng Idp tip huan chgn gidng va sin xuit lua gidi^ cdng dong gdm cd 5 thanh phin: (i) Ca sd vat chit va dilu kien hgc tap, dugc do Ittdng bing 4 biin quan sit, k$ hieu tir Ql din Q4; (ii) Dp tin e|.y ciia ldp tap huin, dupe do luong bing 4 bien quan sit, k^ hieu tii Q5 din Q8;
(iii) Khi nang dap iing yeu ciu cila ldp hge, dugc
Tgp ehi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho do ludng bai^ 4 biin quan sat, ky hiiu tii (^9 din V.12; (4) Sir dam bio ciia Idp hgc, dugc do ludng bang 6 biin quan sit, ky hi$u tii QI3 din QI8; (5) Su cam thdng eua giing viin, dugc do ludng bing 4 bien quan sat, ky hieu tir Q19 din Q22.
Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xa hgi, Nhdn vdn vd Gido due: 34 (2014): 62-73 De thuc hien muc tieu dl ra, de tai nghien ciiu su dyng thang do SERVPERF va xiy dung md hinh nghien ciiu quan hi chit lugng dich vu din tdi su hai long eua ndng din nhu dudi diy:
Hinh 4: Md hinh nghien cihi Hai Idng Cac tiianh phin chit lugng dich vy: phuong
tien hmi fainh (TAN), Tin cay (REL), Dip ung (RES), Dam bio (ASS), Cim tiidng (EMP) la tiin to ciia Stt hai long.
Do Thang do chit lugng dich vu SERVPERF la thang do da hudng, nd se dugc dua vao phin tich nhan to di xic dinh l?ii eic thinh phan trudc khi tiin hanh phan tich hoi qui quan he eua chiing vdi su hai long.
4.2.1 He so tin cdy Cronbach Alpha Thang do cdc thanh phdn Ca sd vgt chdt vd dieu kien hgc tap
Ket qua danh gia tiiang do cac yiu td co sd vit chit duge thi hien qua Bang I. Gii tti bao cao he sd tin ciy cua thinh phin Co sa vat chit va dieu kiln hgc tap la 0,666. Cic he sd tuong guan bien tdng ciia cae biln do ludng thanh phin dilu dat gii tri (ldn hon 0,3). Gia tti bio cio nhd nhat li 0,310 (Biin Q3) vi gia ttj bao cio cao nhit la 0,606 (BiinQl).
Tap chi Khoa hpc Truong Dai hoc Cdn Tha Phi" C: Khoa hoc Xd hpi, Nhdn vdn vd Gida due: 34 (2014): 62-73
Bing 1: H i sd Cronbach Alpha cila thang ao Cof sff vjt chit va ailu kien hoc tap -i^
Trung binh thang do neu Phnomg sai thang do n^n H^ so tuong quan biin H$s6^1pha bo bi^n bo bien t6ng neu bo biln Ql 14,33 0,867 0,606 0,509 Q2 14,38 0,898 0,454 0,595 Q3 14,42 0,890 0,310 0,707 Q4 14,41 0,856 0,469 0,583 Hi sd Cronbaeh's = 0.666
Ngudn: Kit qud diiu tra thuc ti 125 nong ddn tham gia khoa hoc FFS tai tinh Hau Giang, 2012
Thang do cac thanh phan Do tin cay cua lap do luong thanh deu dat gia tri lon hon 0,3, trong d6 t^p hwSn bao cao cho gid tri cao nhat la 0,490 (Biln Q16) vi 1 biln cho bao cao CO gia tri thdp nhit la 0,317 (Q7).
Ket qua phan tich h? sa Cronbach Alpha ve do .^^^ . x^ ^^ ,l„ ^ j ^ ^^^ , ^ tap huto co hi s6 tin cay ciia ldp tap huan the hien tren Bang 2 cho c„„bach Alpha la 0,630.
thay, cac he so tuong quan bien tdng cua cac bien Bang 2: H£ sd Cronbach Alpha cua thang do Oo tin c4y
Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8
Trung binh thang do neu bdbien 14,29 14,39 14,40 14,45
Phirong sai thang do neu bo bien 1,013 0,789 0,887 1,023
He so tirong quan biin tdng 0,557 0,516 0,371 0,272
He sd Alpha nlu bd biln 0,501 0,474 0,595 0,657 H4 so Cronbaeh's Alpha = 0,630
Ngudn: Kii qud diiu tra thue ti 125 ndng ddn tham gia khoa hge FFS lgi linh Hgu Giang, 2012
Thang do cdc thanh phdn Khd ndng ddp ung b i l n do luong thanh p h i n deu cd g i i ttj ldn hon yeu cdu cua ldp hgc 0,3. Bien Ql 2 cd gia tti bao cao Ion nhit (0,580) va i-. w ^' u w - r- u u . i u u * ! . - hiin Qll ed gia tti bao cao nhd nhit (0,986). Gii Qua phiui tich he so Cronbach Alpha eho thay, .. • L- ^ ^ >. \. *i u i.- - ui n ^^i ., r . . r . . . / ^ t.-' \^' ' ' tn he so Cronbach Alpha bao cao bing 0,662 gia tn bao cao he so tucmg quan bien tong cua cac CR • i i
Bang 3: He so Cronbach Alpha ciia thang do kha nang dap img ylu ciu ciia Idp hgc
Trung binh thang do Pbiroug sai thang do neu He s i tirong quan biln HI so Alpha niil^ | niu bd biin bo bien tdng bdbiln Q9 14,05 1,358
QIO 14,40 0,930 Qll 14,15 1,263 Q12 14^11 1£26 H4 so Cronbaeh's Alpha = 0,662
Ngudn Kit qud dieu ira thuc le 125 nong ddn iham gia khoa hgc FFS lgi linh Hgu Giang, 2012
Thang do cac thanh phdn Su ddm bdo cOa lop n h i t x u i t h i l n d b i i n Q I 8 (0,607). Thanh p h i n v i tgp hudn su dam bio eua lop tap huin cd he sd Cronbach Cic he sd ttiong quan biin tdng cua cic biin do ^'P*"^ ^"^^^ ^^° cio bang 0,716 va day ciing la ludng tiiinh phin Su dim bao cua ldp tap huin diu * ^ P ^ ^ ^° ^^^^° Cronbach Alpha eao nhit cd gia tti Idn 0,3. Gia tti bao cao nhd nhit xuit hiln ^ ° ? ^ ^^? * ^ P ' ' ^ ^^ '"^^S chit lugng Idp tap d biin Q16 vdi gii tti bing 0,393 va gii tri cao huan (Bang 4).
0,513 0,410 0,398 0,580
0,578 0,674 0,623 0,525
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Trudng Dai hgc Cdn Tho Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xd hoi, Nhdn vdn vd Gido due: 34 (2014): 62-73 B a n g 4 : H I so C r o n b a c h A l p h a cua t h a n g d o Sir d a m b a o c u a l d p t i p h u a n
Q13 Q14 QIS Q16 Q17 Q18
Trung binh thang do net! bd bi£n 23,82 23,54 23,47 23,68 23,58 23,53
Phirong sai thang do neu bd bi€n 2,230 2,463 2,743 2,841 2,754 2,595
He so tirong quan bi£n tdng 0,435 0,553 0,579 0,393 0,365 0,607
Hi sd Alpha n£u bd bien 0,700 0,645 0,655 0,722 0,702 0,640 He so Cronbaeh's Alpha = 0,716
Nguon Kit qud diiu ira ihuc li 125 ndng ddn iham gia khoa hge FFS tgi linh Hdu Giang, 2012
Thang do cac thdnh phdn Su cam thong cua c a c h i sd tucmg quan b i i n t i n g cua c a c b i l n d o giang vien luong tiianh p h i n d i u co g i i tti ldn h o n 0,3. Gia tti K i t q u a nghien cmi tten B a n g 5 cho tiily gia *'^° ""^^ " ^ ? "^^ ' ^ ^ ' ^ ^ ^ ( ^ ' ^ " Q20) v a gia ttj bao tti he sd Cronbach A l p h a dat 0,603. G i l tri b i S cao '=^° ^ ^ "^^^ ^^ ^ ' ^ ^ ^ (bien Q19).
B a n g 5 : H I so C r o n b a c h A l p h a ciia t h a n g d o S y c a m t h d n g ciia giang vien
T r u n g b i n h t h a n g d o Phiromg sai t h a n g d o H I sd tiroup q u a n H I so A l p h a n i u b o
n l u bd bien n e u bd bien b i l n t i n g bien Q I 9 14,26
Q20 14,16 Q21 14,25 Q 2 2 1 4 J 8 Hi so Cronbaeh's Alpha = 0.603
Nguon: Kil qud diiu tra thiie ti 125 nong ddn tham gia khoa hge FFS lgi tinh Hdu Giang, 2012
Thang do cdc thdnh phdn Su hai Idng cita G i a tti h e sd tirong quan b i i n tdng ciia cac b i l n do nong ddn l u o n g thanh phan Sir hai long d i u co gia tti l a n
1,115 1,184 1,043 1,135
0,382 0,336 0,364 0,353
0,362 0,405 0,367 0,489
Thang d o S u hai Idng c u a nong d i n tham gia h o n 0,3. Gia tti bao c i o nho nhit la 0,447 (Bien . . ^ . g ^^^^ a.„. .^..e . . „ . . . 6 ^ ^ , „ . ^ , . 6 - Q25) v^ gi^ tri bao cao Ion nhat la 0,518 (Biln Q24) ldp tap h u a n d u g e do l u a n g bang 3 bien quan sat, m " fti
qua k i t q u a p h i n tich h e sd CiTOibachriUpfaa-cho—~- t h i y h i sd Cronbach A l p h a ' d a t ' ^ i i t t f D a t ^ " 0 ; 6 5 7 f
( B i n g 6).
Bang 6:
Q23 Q24 Q25
Hd sd Cronbach Alpha ciia Trung binh thang do
nlu bd biln 9,56 9,66 9,67
thang do Sir hai long Phmmg sai thang do neu bd bien 0,668 0,451 0,480
He so tuotig quan biln Hd sd Alpha neu bd
tdng biln 0,494 0.577 0,518 0,491 0,447 0,603 H$ SO Cronbaeh's Alpha — 0,657
Ngudn: Kit qud diiu tra thuc li 125 nong ddn iham gia khda hge FFS tgi linh Hgu Giang, 2012
Q u a k i t q u i p h i n tich h i sd Cronbach Alpha t h i i t v a t i i p tuc d u g c d u a v a o p h i n tich n h i n td ciia 5 t h a n h p h i n tiiang do c h i t l u g n g cua l d p t i p k h a m pha EFA.
h u i n d i u CO dd tin cay ldn h o n 0,6. N h u vay, tiiang 4j_2 Phdn tich nhdn Id khdm phd EFA do d u a c t h i i t k l trong pham vi n g h i i n cihi nay la
cd ^ nghTa ttong tiidng k e v a dat h i sd t m c i y c l n P h u a n g pha^ phan tich n h i n td kham p h a E F A d u g c SU" dung de kiem dinh thang do, 25 b i i n quan
Tgp ehi Khoa hge Trudng Dgi hge Cdn Tha Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xahgi, Nhdn van vd Gido due: 34 (2014): 62-73 sat dugc thilt kl ttong n ^ l n ciiu va sau khi kiem
tra muc dp tin cay bang he sd Cronbach Alpha thi khdng cd biln nio bi loai. Nghien ciiu su dung phuong phip phin tt'ch nhin td kham phi EFA dl khing djnh miic do phu hgp cua thang do vdi 25 biin quan s i t
Chi sd KMO (K^ser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Simping Adequacy) dugc dimg de phin tich sir thich hgp eua cac nhan td, gii tri KMO ldn hon 0,5 thi cac nhin td mdi dugc su dung. Theo Hair vd ctv (1998), he so tii nhin td (cac con sd ttong bang Rotated Component Matrix - Factor loading) Ion ban 0,3 dugc xem la dat miic tdi thilu, Idn hon 0,4 dugc xem li quan ttong, Idn hon 0,5 dugc xem la cd y nghia thuc tien. He sd tai nhan td Idn han 0,3 neu cd mau it nhit phai la 350, neu cd mau khoing 100 thi chpn tiiu chuin Factor loading Idn hon 0,5 vi neu ed mau khoang 50 thi chpn tiiu chuan Factor loading Idn hon 0,75. Trong pham vi nghien ciiu nay, cd mlu la 125 nin hi sd tai nhan id ttong bing Rotated Component Matrix dugc chip nhan d miic 0,5 ddi vdi cic biln.
Phdn tieh nhdn to khdm pha EFA vdi 5 thdnh phdn chat lugng
Khi thilt kl thang do ve Su h^ Idng ciia ndng din ddi vdi Idp tip huin (FFS) ehpn gidng vi sin xuit Ilia giing cpng ddng, gii thuylt Ho duge dat ra ttong phan ti'ch nay la giiia 22 bien guan sit khdng cd sir tuang quan vdi nhau. Kiem dinh KMO va Barlen's ttong phan ti'ch nhin td EFA cho thiy, gii thuyit Ho bj bic bd do cd he sd sig.=0,000, he sd KMO bao cao cd gia tri li 0,625 (>0,5), kit qui EFA thu dugc 5 tiianh phin tai Eigenvalues = 1,107. Tii kit qua phin tich nhin td kham phi EFA, n ^ e n cuu di d&i kit Iu|n ring thang do dugc chip nhin. Tuy nhiin trong 25 biin quan sit cd 5 biin (Q6, Q9, Q17, Q20, Q22) cd gia tti khdng dat ylu cau (<0,4). Mic du, 5 biin niy ttong phin tich Cronbach Alpha dat ylu ciu nhung ttong phan tich EFA lai khdng dat yeu ciu, do dd 5 bien nay se bj loai ra khdi thang do nghiin ciiu ttong pham vi ciia n ^ l n ciiu.
Tiin hanh lo?i bd 5 biln dugc neu tten, tic gia tiip tyc phin tich nhin td khim pha EFA vdi 17 bien quan s i t Kiim dinh KMO va Barlett's bio cao gii tri bing 0,638 va miic y n ^ i a Sig.=0,000 (<0,05). Kit qui EFA tiiu duge 5 tiianh phin tai Eigenvalues = 1,791. Phuang sai trich cd gia tti li 68,44%, gia tri phuang sai m'ch cho ta biit 5 thinh phin dugc xac dinh ^ i i thich bdi 68,44% biln
thiin ciia du lieu. Ttt kit qua kilm dinh t r ^ n ^ e n cuu nit ra ket luan rang thang do dugc diip nhan va cac bien quan sat trong 5 thanh phan cd tuai^ quan vdi nhau troo^ tdng the mlu dieu tra.
Bang 7: Kit qua phan tich nhan th kham phi vdi 5 thanh phin cbat lirgng Nhan Ma tran xoay nhan to
td 1 2 3 4 S
Ql .828 Q2 .771 Q3 .556 Q4 .714
Q5 .817 Q7 .585 Q8 .732
QIO .723 Qll .761 Q12 .665
QI3 .566 QI4 .530 Q15 .570 Q16 .732 Q18 .692 Q19 .527 Q2I • .452
Ngudn: Ket qud diiu Ira thuc le 125 ndng ddn iham gia fdida hgc FFS lgi linh Hdu Giang. 2012
Phdn tich nhdn to khdm phd vdi thdnh phdn Su hai long
Ddi voi thang do v l sir hai long chit lugng t ^ huin, sau khi phin tich EFA tii'ch dupe mpt nhan td tai Eigenvalues la 1,130. Kit qua kiim djnh KMO va Bartiett's bio cao cd gii tri bing 0,523 vi miic y nghta ed gii tri Sig. = 0,000 (nhd hon 0,05).
Cac bien cd gia tri bao cao ldn hon 0,4 nin cac bien quan sat diu quan ttgng ttong thanh phin svr hat long ciia ndng din tham gia khda tip huin.
Phuong sai tii'ch cd ^ i di bing 37,664% (Bang 8).
Nhu vay, mo ttinh n g h i ^ ciiu ban diu kit qua phin ti'ch he sd Cronbach Alpha va phan tich nhin td kham phi EFA, nam thanh phin dl xuit frong mo hinh nghien cuu deu dat yeu ciu va cd y nghia thing ke.
Tgp ehi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgi hge Cdn Tha Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xd hgi. Nhdn vdn vd Giao dye- 34 (2014)- 62-73 Bang 8: Kit qua phan tich h i sd KMO vdi thanh phin Sir hai long
Gia trj phu-ffng sai ciia mdi nhSn to He sd tai nhan to
Tong Phan tram phuong sai Phan tram tich Ifly Tong Phan tram phmmg sai Phin tram tich luy 1 1.130 37,664 37,664 1,130 37,664 37,664 2 0,964 32,142 69,806
3 0,906 30,194 100,000 Chi so KMO ^0,523
Nguon: Kil qua dieu Ira thuc ti 125 ndng ddn tham gia khoa 4.3 P h a n tich h i i q u i
4.3.1 Gidi thich cdc biin trong mo hinh nghien cdu
Md hinh ly thuyit di xuit gdm cd 5 thanh phin: (i) Thinh phan Ca sd viit chit va diiu kiln hpc tap dat he sd Cronbach Alpha vdi gia tti 0,666;
(ii) Thinh phan Do tin ciy ciia ldp tap huin cd he si Cronbach Alplia dat gia tti 0,630; (iii) Thanli phin Khi nang dap ung ylu ciu ciia Idp hge ed hi so Cronbach Alpha dgt gia tri 0,662; (iv) Thanh phin Su dim bao cua Idp tip huan cd he sd Cronbach Alpha dat gii tii 0,7 i 6; (v) Thanh phin Stt cam thdng cua giing vien cd he sd Cronbach Alpha dat gia tri 0,603. Trong dd Su hai Idng ciia hgc vien la tiianh phin phu tiiugc, 5 tiianh phin cdn lai la nhung tiianh phin dgc lip va dugc gii dinh li cac yeu td ed tac d^ng din su hai long ciia hpc vien trong qua ttinh tham gia Idp tip huin vol md hinh ly thuyet nhu sau: Y = a + aiXi + aiXj + asXs + a<X4 + asXs
Trong do, biln Y: Su hai long, Xi: Ca sd vat chit va dilu kiln hpc tap, Xi: Dp tin cay cua ldp tip huin, XJ: Kh^ niiig dap iing ylu ciu ciia ldp hpc, X4: Sy: dim bio ciia l(5p t^p huin, Xs; Sir cam thdng ciia giang vien.
Biin phu thudc Sir hai Idng hinh thanh tir 3 biln Q23, Q24, Q25 cua tiiang do Sir hii long ciia ndng din tham gia Idp tap huin. Gia tti ciia biin phu tiiudc hai long li fater score dugc phin mim SPSS tinli toin qua qua trinh phin tich nhin td, la kit hgp tiiyin tinh cua cdc biin Q23, Q24, Q25 vi da dugc chuin hda.
Tuong tu nhu vay, gia trj cua cae biln d^c lip li Factor score cQng dugc tinh toan bdi phan mim SPSS thdng qua phin tinh nhan td, bao gdin: (i) Biin ddc lap Ca sd v^t chit va diiu kiln hgc tap dugc hinh thanh tii 4 biin Ql, Q2, Q3 vi Q4; (ii) Biin dgc l^p DO tin cgy ciia Idp tip huin dugc hinh tiianh tii 3 bien Q5, Q7 yi Q8; (iii) Biin dpe lap Kha n5ng dip iing ylu ciu ciia Idp hoc dugc hinh
hoc FFS tgi linh Hdu Giang, 2012
thanh tir 3 biin QIO, Ql I va Q12; (iv) Biin ddc lip Stt dam bao cua Idp hgc dugc hinh thanh tii 5 biin Q13, Q14, Q15, Q16 vi Q18; (v) Biin dgc lap Sir cam thdng ciia giang vlln dugc hinh thanh tir 2 bilnQ19vaQ21.
Cac gia tti ciia bien ddc lap vi biln phu thuOc deu dugc chuin hda, dau ky vpng ttor^ quan he giOa biin dpe lip va biin phy thupc la diu duong, nghTa la khi gia tri bien dOc lip ting, gii trj biln phy thudc si ting ttong md hinh nghien ciiu nay.
Qe tai tilp tyc phan tieh hdi qui de xac dinh cy the ttpng sd ciia timg thinh phin tic ddng din sg*
hii Idng cua ndng dan tham gia Idp tap huin.
Tuang quan giira cdc biin trong mo hinh Kit qua phan tich hdi qui tren Bang 10 cho thiy, trj si R cd gia trj 0,925 cho thiy m6i quan h?
giiia cic biln ttong md hinh cd mdi tuong quan rit chat che. Bao cao kit qui hdi qui cua md Wnh cho thiy gii tti R^ (R Square) bing 0,856, deu nay ndi len dp thich hgp cua md hinh la 85,6% hay ndi each kliac la 85,6% sir biln thiin ciia su hai long dupe giai thich bdi 5 thanli phan trong chit lupng ciia ldp t§p huin. Gii trj R diu chinh (Adjusted R Square) phin infa chi'nh xic hon: sifcpbiisiiCT|jj^iia^
md hinh doi vdi tdng the, ta cdgiaTrf R dieu chinh bing 0,850 (hay 85,0%) cd nghia la ton tai md hinh hdi qui tuyen tinh giua Sir hai Idng va nam thanh phin chit lugng ciia ldp tip huin.
Kit qua phan tich phuang sai ANOVA eho thiy, tti sd F co mire y nghTa Sig. = 0,000 (<0,05), cd nghTa la mo hinh hdi qui pliu hgp vdi du liiu thu thip dugc vi cac biln dua vio diu cd y nghia tiling kl vdi miic y nghia 5%. Thdng ke gia tti F = 139,087 dugc diing de kiem djnh gia thuylt Ho, kit qua phin tich cho thay moi quan he tuyen tich la rit cd y nghia vdi p_Values <0,05. Tii kit qua ttin, nghien cihi cd thi bac bd gii thuyit Ho cho ring h | sd g6c ciia 5 thanh phan ttong chit lupng tap huin bing 0. Nhu v|y, cic biln d6c lap ttong md hinh cd quan he ddi vdi biln phu thudc Su hii Idng.
Tap elii Khoa hoe Trudng Dai hge Cdn Tho Phdn C: Khoa hge Xa hgi, Nhdn van \-d Gido lAic: 34 (2014): 62-73
B a n g 9: K e t q u a p h a n tich hdi q u i ciia md h i n h R
1 0,925"
R Binh phinmg R Binh 0,856
phinmg dieu chinh Sai sd chuin
0,850 0.38969442 ANOVAb
1 Sddu Hdi qui Tong
Tdng binh phumtg 105.610
17.768 123.377
Df Mean Square F Sig.
5 21.122 139.087 .000"
117 .152 122
a Predictors: (Constant). Su cam thong, Co so vai chat. Do lin cay. Kha nang dap ung, Su dam bao b. Dependent Variable Suhailong
Ngudn. Ket qud diiu ira ihuc ti 125 nong ddn iham gja khda hgc FFS tgi tinh Hgu Giang, 2012 Kiem dinh mo hinh hoi qui
Kit qui phan tich cic he sd hdi qui trong md hinh eho thiy, miic y nghia ciia cic thanh phin deu cd gia tri nhd han 0,05. Do dd, nghiin cuu cd thi ket luan cic biin dpe l|.p diu cd tac d^ng din sir hai Idng ciia ndng din tham gia Idp tip huin. Tit c i cac thinh phan ttong chit lugng Idp tip huin deu cd y nghia ttong md hinh vi cd tac d^ng ciing chieu din su hai Idng cua ndng dan dugc giai thi'ch do diu cua cac h | sd hdi qui diu ducmg. Gii tri hdi qui ehuin ciia cic biln ddc lap ttong md hinh cd gii tri lin lupt la: Ca sd vit chit vi diiu kien hgc tap: 0,190; Do tin ciy ciia Idp tip huin: 0,846; Kha ning dap iing ylu cau cua 1 ^ hgc: 0,090; Sir dim bio ciia Idp hgc: 0,062 va Su cam thdng ciia giang viin; 0,029.
Tir kit qui phin tich bdi qui, di tai xay dung mdhinh nhu sau:
Y= 0,008 + 0,190 X,+ 0,846X2 + 0,090X3 + 0,062X4+ 0,029Xs - ' " ' ^ ' T M : # ^ ^ T e
Md hinh trin giai thich dirge 85.6% stt thay ddi ciia biln Y la do cic bien ddc lip ttong md hinh tao ra, cdn lai 14.4% bien thiin dugc giai thich bdi cac biln khic nim ngoai md hmh ma ttong pham vi di tai chua thi nghien cihi dugc.
Md huih cho thiy cac biin dgc lap diu anh hudng tim^ chieu din miic dp thda man ciia hgc viin tham gia khda hgc tap huin d dg tm cay la 95%. Phumig ttinh hdi qui dugc giai thich ring, niu giu nguyen eac biin ddc \ap cdn lai khdng ddi thi khi Ca sd v|t ehit tang lln I diim tiii su hai Idng ciia hgc vien tang ttimg binh lln 0,190 diim.
khi diim danh gia ve E>d tin cay ciia Idp tip huin ting lln 1 diim tiu Sir hai Idng ciia hgc viin vi chit lupng tap huin tang lln 0,846 diim, khi diim danh gia vl Khi nMg dip ung yeu cau ciia ldp hpc tang len 1 diem thi Su hii Idng ciia hpc viin ting lln 0,090 diem, khi Su dim bio ciia ldp tip huin tang len 1 diem thi Sir hai Idng cua hgc viin vl chit lugng dao tao tang len 0,062 tfim, khi Sir cam thdng cua lap tip huin tang len mpt diim thi su hii Idng ve chat lugng tip huan tang len 0,029 diim- Qua kit qui phin tich hdi qui da cho thiy dugc tim quan ttpng ciia tiing biin ddc l|^ ddi vdi biin phu thudc. Gia tri Beta tai Bang 11 cho thiy ^ i tri hdi qui chuin ciia Ca sd vat chit v i diiu kiln bgc tip inh hudng din 19,0% Su hii long, gia tri l^i qui chuin ciia Do tin cay anh hudng d&i 84,6% Sir hai Idng, gia tri hdi qui chuan ciia Khi ning dip ling yeu ciu ciia Idp hgc anh hudng din 9,0% su hai Idng, gia tti hdi qui chuan cua Su dam bao anh humig den 6,2% su hai long va gia tri hdi qui chuan ciia Su cam thdng anh huong din 2,9% Sir
"^•liai Idng ciia hge viin tiiam gia khda t ^ huin chpn gidng vi sin xuit liia gidng cgng ddng tinh Hau Giang nam 2012. Kit qua ciing cho thiy thanb phin nio cd gii tri tuyet ddi cang IOTI tiu anh hudng din miic do hai Idng cang nhiiu, cu tbi: Su hii Idng chiu anh hudng n h i ^ nhit bdi thinh phin Do tin cay cua idp tap huin (Beta = 0,848), quan ttgng thii hai la thanh phin Ca sd vat chit va tf oi kiln hoc tap (Beta = 0,190), quan trgng ki ti^ Ii thanh phin Kha nang dap iing yeu cau cua Idp hgc (Beta = 0,90), tiip theo la thanh phin Su dim bio ciia ldp hgc (Beta = 0,062) va cudi ciing la Sir cam tiidng ciia giing vien (Beta = 0,029).
Tgp ehi Khoa hge Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xa hoi, Nhdn van vd Gido due: 34 (2014): 62-73
C a sif \%t chat va dieu kien hoc tap
D$ tin c^y cua ldp t^p huan
K h a nang dap img yeu c4u cua lop hoc hoc vien
Sur dam bao cua lorp hoc
Sir cam thong cua giang vien
Hinh 5: So* do cac yeu to anh 5 KETLU4.N
Kit qui kiem dinli thang do vdi he sd tin ciy Cronbach Alpha va phin tich nhan td EFA vdi 5 thinh phin va thang do Svf hai long deu cd do tin c|.y Idn hon 0,6. Nhu v^y, thang do dugc thiit ki ttong luin van li c6 -^ nghia ttong thing kl vi dat he sd tin ciy cin thiit, trong do thinh phin Sir dam bao ciia Idp hgc cd hi sd Cronbach Alpha dat gia tti 0.716 va diy li thanh phan cd he sd tin cay cao nhit trong 5 thinh phan nghien eiiu. Thang do sir hai Idng cd hi sd Cronbach Alpha la d?t gia tti 0.657.
Kit qua phin tich md hinfa cho tiiiy sy: phii hgp ciia md hinh 1^ thuyit vdi chit lugng tip huin cung nhtt vi?c chip nh§n cac ly thuylt di dugc dl ra ttong md hinh nghiin ciiu cd y nghTa thiet thirc cho nha quin Iy, nhi nghien ciiu. Day chinh li nhung cin cii di xay dyng mgt giii phap hi|u qua ttong c6ng tic t4p huin ndng din hay ndi khic han la ttong Iinh vuc kliuyin ndng nhim dat dupe yeu ciu chuyin giao tien bg khoa hgc ky thuit ciing nliu thda man nhu ciu ctia ndng dan tham gia khda tip huan.
Qk nang cao su hai Idng ciia ndng din ve chit lugng eua ldp tap huin ttong thdi gian tdi can tiip tyc cai thien cac thinli phin cd tic dOng din sy hai long ciia ndng din, cy the: Rugng ttinh dien, cac tai Ii|u hpc t|tp, dyng cy thi nghiim cin dugc chuin bi chu dio tnrde khi vio tiit hpc. Thdi gian khda hgc
hurdng den Sir hai Idng cua ndng din
nen phin bd sao cho phii hgp vdi dieu kien thuc te tai dia bin md ldp dl ndng cd dilu kiln tham gia ldp hge xuyIn sudt khda hge, eac dan vi quin ly giing viin, du in FARES cin cd bien phap cu the nham bdi dudng, ning cao ttinh do thudng xuyIn cho ddi ngu giang day cic ldp t|p huan. Dinh ky hang nim md cac ldp tip huin ngin hein vl nghiip vy su pham, cap nhat nhOng thay ddi cua tlln bp khoa hgc ky thualt ttong sin xuat ndng nghiep cho ddi ngu giang vien, khung chuong ttmh tip huin can thiet ke giim ty le gid hgc tren Idp, tang thdi gian thyc hinh cho ndng din.
LCtt CAM TJ^
Tic gii chin thanh giil ldi cim on din Sd Khoa hpc Cdng nghe tinh Hau Giang, Sd Ndng nghiep va Phat ttiln ndng thdn tinh H^u Giang cung cac can bO khuyen ndng tinh, huyen tten dia bin nghiin ciiu da t^o dieu ki|n, hd ttg kinh phi cho nghiin cihi nay dugc thyc hiln, ttong khudn khd de tii cao hge cua hge vien.
TAI I<l£U THAM KHAO
1. Cronin, J.Josepli, Jr. & Steven A.Taylor, 1994. SERVPERF versus SERVQUAL:
Reconcilmg Performance - Based and Perception - Minus - Expectations Measurement of Service Quality. Joumal of Marketing, 58:1, ABI/INFORM Global.
2. Hair Jr, J. F., Anderson, R. E, Tatham, R. L, Black, W. C, 1998. Multivariate Data
Tgp ehi Khoa tigc Trudng Dgi hoc Cdn Tho Analysic with Readings. Macmillan Publishing Company.
3. Hoang Trpng va Chu Nguyen Mdng Nggc, 2005. Phan tich du Ueu vdi SPSS. Nha xuit ban Hdng Diic, Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, 179 ttang.
4. Huynh Quang Tin, 2009. Impacts of famer- Based training in seed production in Vietnam. PhD Thesis. The University of Wageningen, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
5. Nunnally, J. and Brunstein, 1994.
Psycomettic Theory (3^** ed.). New York, McGrow Hill.
Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xd hgi, Nhdn van vd Gido dye: 34 (2014): 62-73 6. Parasuraman, Valarie A. Zeithaml, &
Leonard L. Beny, 1988. A Conceptual Model of Service Quality and Its Implications for Future Resaerch. Joumal of Marketing, vol.49 (Fall 1988): 41-50.
7. UBND Tinh Hiu Giang, 2011. Tinh hinh kinh t l - xa hdi, qudc phdng - an ninh nim 2011, phuang hudng, nhilm vii phat ttiin kinh ti - xa hpi, quoc phong - an ninh nim 2 0 1 2 . UBND ti'nh Hau Giang, H^u Giang, 31 trang.
