Tgp chi Khoa hgc - Cong nghe Thuy sdn
THONG B A O KHOA HOC
NGHIEN C l f u DAC DIEM SINH SAN CA THIEU (Arius thalassinus Ruppell, 1837)
STUDY ON REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF GAINT SEA CATFISH (Arius thalassinus Ruppell, 1837)
Trdn Van Phu&c', Nguyen Dinh Mao' Ngiy nhan bar 18/ll/20I3;Ngay phan bi?n thong qua 06/01/2014; Ngay duy^l dang: 10/3/2014
T 6 M T A T
Cd thieu Id lodi cd da Iran thuoc hp cd uc, bp cd nheo. Bdy la lodi cd co gid tri kmh te vd co tiem ndng tra thdnh doi tupng nuoi mdi. Nghiin cuu dgc diim sinh sdn cd thiiu dugc tien hdnh tgi Kien Giang tir thdng 8/2010 din thdng 7/2011.
Mdu cd dugc thu hdng thdng tu ngu ddn vd cdc chg dia phwang. Kit qud nghiin cuu, Ap sd thdnh thuc cda cd thieu dao dpng0,45-12.60%. trungbinh 3,49±3,35%. H^s6dp beo aia cd thieu, Fulton (1902) Q = 957±!17xl0-'vd Clark (1928) Q^ = 862 ± 97 x 10-^. L^ nho nhdt vd ludi thdnh thuc sinh due ldn ddu cua cd thiiu cdi ldn luat Id L^ = 779mmvd 'nasi ^ ^'^^ '"*'" '""' ^"^ ^'"^ ^^" (wypi doi vd lucmg doi cua cd thieu Idn lugt Id 85 - 153 trung/cd the, trung binh:
104,50 ± 26.27 trdng/cd the vd 0,0115 - 0,0215 trimg/g cd cdi, trung binh: 0,0165 ± 0,0043 trimg/g cd cdi. Duong kinh Irung cd thiiu dao dgng tir 3 den 21 mm. Miia sinh sdn cua cd thiiu lit thdng 2 den thdng 7, lap trung tir thdng 3 den thdng 5.
Tit khoa: cd thieu, dp beo, mua sinh sdn, sue sinh sdn, thdnh thuc ABSTRACT
Gaint sea catfish which belongs to family Anidae, order Siluriformes was a commercial valuable species and potential candidates for aquaculture. The this study was carried out on Kien Giang province from August, 2010 to July, 2011. Specimens were collected fivm fisherman and local market one time per month The results showed that maturation coefficient of this fish was from 0.45 to 12 60% and average 3.49 ± 3.35%. Fulton fat coefficient was 957 ± 117 x 10^
(mean±SD). while Clark fat coefficient was 862 ± 97 x 10"' (mean±SD). The age and smallest length at the first maturation in females was 1.89 years old and 779 mm, respectively. The absolute fecundity was from 85 lo 153 eggs per female (mean±SD, 104 50 ± 26 27 eggs/female), and the relative fecundity was 0.0115 to 0.0215 egg per g female (mean±SD, 0.0165 ± 0.0043) Egg diameter was from 3 to 21 mm Spawning season of giant sea catfish was from February to July, mainly between March and May.
Keywords' gaint sea catfish, fat coefficient, spawing season, fecundity, maturation
I. D A T V A N D £ nhit d vilng bien Tay Nam Bp [1]. C i thilu l i C i thilu {Arius thalassinus Ruppell, 1837) la loii e i da tran thufic ho c i uc {Ariidae). bp c i loii p h i n b l rpng d eac viing bien. Tren t h i gidi. nheo (Siluriformes). Day l i loii c i ed g i i tn kinh e i thieu phan b l d eic vung biln Biln Dd, Tay t l (70.000 d/kg v i 15kg/ea the) v i cd tiem ning B i c An Dfi doang, Philippine v i Vjnh Thii Lan trd thanh doi toang null mdi. Tuy nhifin tren t h i [10]. Cf Vifit Nam, c i thilu phan b l h i u h i t c i e gidi, nhtrng nghien cdu ve a|c diem sinh hpe sinh vimg biln Vjnh B i c Bp, Trung Bfi, Ddng Nam Bp san loai c i n i y rit i t Day l i l i n d i u tifin van de v i T i y Nam Bfi. Trong dd, chting tfip trung nhieu nghien cdu dge dilm sinh san c i thieu d Vifit Nam
' ThS.Trin Vin Phirdc." PGS.TS. NguySn Dinh Mao Vi?n Nuoi trong thuy san - Truwng Dgi hpe Nha Trang
Tgp chi Khoa hgc - Cong nghe Thuy sdn So 1/2014
doac dat ra. Vi vgy. nghifin cdu dgc diem sinh s i neiia c i thilu la v i n de e l p thiet v i cd y nghTa khoa hpe. K i t q u i nghifin cdu se gdp phin hoin thifin ccr sd dCr lifiu v l dgc dilm sinh sgn v i lam ca sd khoa hpe eho nghien cdu sinh s i n nhan tgo c i thilu trong toang lai.
11. D 6 | Tl/Q-NG, VAT U6U VA PHUaNG P H A P NGHIEN CI>U
1. Doi tippmg, dja diem, thdi gian va npi dung nghifin ciru
1.1. €)6i fupng nghien cuv: C i thieu (Arius thalassinus Ruppell, 1837).
1.2. Dja diim nghien cinj: Thu miu e i thieu tai cing ea Tie C#u - huyfin Chiu Thinh; chp Rgch Sdi v i Nfing Lim Hii sin - thinh pho Rgch Gia, tinh Kien Giang. Phin tfch mau e i tgi Phin hifiu Kifin Giang v i Phdng thi nghifim Mdi trodng - Trodng Dgi hpe Nha Trang.
1.3 Thdi gian nghiSn cOv: Nghifin cdu dope thye hifin tir thing 08 nim 2010 den thing 07 nam 2011 1.4. Ngi dung nghien cCnj: Bac diem sinh hpe sinh san ea thilu.
2. Thu th^p so ligu 2.1. S6 li$u thLF cap
Thu thfip tir c i c t i i lifiu. bai b i o v i bao cao da cfing t>l tiiang v i ngoii node Cae thfing tin c i n thu thap lien quan din dgc dilm sinh sin e i thieu 2.2. S6li$uscrcap
Tn^e tilp thu va phin tich m i u e i thieu ve dfic dilm sinh hpe sinh s i n . So lopng mlu nghifin cdu' 360 c i t h i (30 ca the/tiling).
+ Ca quan sinh dye: quan sat v i mo t i ca quan sinh dge c i thieu.
+ Xae djnh hfi s l thinh thuc:
Wtsd. „„
GSI{%) = -^;—100 Trong dd' GSI - hfi so tiianh thye, Wtsd - khoi lapng tuyin sinh due (g), W^- khoi lapng c i khfing nfii quan (g).
+ Xie djnh he so dfi beo: Sd dgng phoang phip ciia Biswas (1993) de xie ajnh hfi s l do beo (Q):
Fulton (ig02), Q = (W/L,^) x 100 v i Clarit (1928), Qo = (WyL,=)x100
Trang dd: W,, W(, l i khoi lopng c i ed v i khdng cd npi quan (g); L, l i chilu dai toin than (mm).
+ Xie djnh kich thodc thanh thye
- Thu m i u c i d kfeh thodc v i khli lopng khie nhau.
- Kieh thodc thinh thye sinh dye i l n d i u dope bieu hien bing do thj trfin dodng eong cua ty le (%) s l c i the dang chin, da chin sinh dye theo chihn d i l thin hoic khli lopng ciia c i . Dilm trfin dodng cong m i tai dd 50% s l c i the thinh thye sinh dgc la kfch thode thanh thye sinh due i l n d i u cua ci (W„, L„).
- Tuoi thinh thgc sinh dgc Iln diu eua cd ('IMM)- ' J ' ^ C ^^^ ^^^ l^so Rikhter v i Efanov M = (1,52/(t^^"")) - 0,16 vdl so ho trp cua phiin m i m FISAT II [6],
+ Xie djnh sire sinh s i n eiia ca theo phoong phip cua Pravdin (1963).
- Soc sinh s i n tijyfit d l i (S): Do s l lapng tnJng c i ft nfin dim toin bfi so trirng trong budng tning b giai dogn IV. o
- Sire sinh sin tirang dli: s =
W
Trong dd: s l i sde sinh sin toang dli, S1^ sirc sinh sin tuyfit d l i , W l i khli lopng than e i (g).+ Cac giai dogn phit tnln ciia tuyin sinh dgc:
Giii phau quan s i t tuyin sinh due de xie djnh mi>c dp thinh thye eiia tuyin sinh dye theo thang 6 bge ciia Nikolxki (1963).
+ Mua sinh s i n : quan s i t tuyin sinh dye Iheo cie thing thu mau, dya v i o hfi so thinh thgc sinh dye v i dfi bfio ciia e i thieu.
2.3. Phuxmg ph^p xi> ly s6 Ii0u
Xd ly so lifiu tren phin m i m Excel 2003 vi phin mem FISAT II (The FAO - ICLARM Stock As- sessment Tools) [6].
III. K f T QUA NGHIEN CCTU V A T H A O LUAN 1. Cau tao c a quan sinh due
Ca quan sinh due c i thilu hinh tiii gim 2 101 nhinh thdng nhau den lo sinh dye. Ca quan sinh dgc nam s i t v i o phia trong vich ca t h i va difii bdng hai. Trdng hinh trdn, cd dodng kfnh td 3 dSn 20 mm va dope bao bpe bdi tiii buing trdng. Khi ca quan sinh dgc phat triln thi tiii buing trirng chuyin sang m i u hong v i Idp bao bpe buing trdng mdng d i n . Trong buing trdng lufin ed tri>ng d nhilu giai dogn phat triln khic nhau (hinh 1), Ket q u i nghifin edu eho thiy. kfeh thode trirng d thilu toang t y kfeh thadc tripng c i uc Arius felis:
1 2 - 1 9 mm [4].
Tgp chi Khoa hgc - Cong nghe Thuy sdn
Hinh I, ilinh dyng (a) lii ^! Iriliuoni; trirng (bl cua ca thi^u
2. Hg so thanh thye va he s l dp bio tiung binh l i 268,47 ± 282,47g. Hfi so thinh thuc c i K i t q u i phin tieh 49 miu buong trdng ea thieu thieu eai dao dfing tCr 0,45 den 12,60%, trung binh la eii td giai doan II d i n giai doan Vl-ll eho thay, khli 3,49 ± 3,35%. Hfi so thanh thye eiia c i thieu d giai lopng buong tn>ng dao ddng tCr 20 d i n 1150g. dogn IV l i ldn nhit (5,56 ±2.59%) (bang 1),
Bang 1. Hg so thanh thi^c cua ca thilu theo giai doan phit triln cua tuyen sinh dgc Glai do^n TSD
II III IV V Vl-ll Chung
Kh6i \uong tuyen sinh d^c 2 0 - 9 0 46,67 ±18,01
65 - 300 129,00 ±97,49
1 2 5 - 8 5 0 354,00 ± 269,30
1 3 0 - 1 1 5 0 322,33 ±219,53
1 3 0 - 1 1 5 0 510,71 ±455,65
2 0 - 1 1 5 0 268,47 ± 282,47
Vi, 4 0 1 0 - 1 0 6 9 5 7403,08 ±2466,10
4300 - 14050 9795 ± 5026,27 3 8 4 5 - 1 1 4 7 5 5867,00 ± 2448,00
4 8 4 0 - 1 2 2 9 5 8623,67 ±2315,45
6 4 9 0 - 1 2 2 7 0 9937.86 ± 1966,91
3845 - 14050 8069,39 ± 2950,77
H^ so th^nh thgc (%) 0 , 4 5 - 1 , 7 2 0,67 ± 0,34 0 , 7 1 - 2 , 4 5 1,41 ±0,10 1 , 7 6 - 9 , 6 0 5,56 ± 2,59 1,53-12,60 4,31 ±3,56 1,50-10,47 5,11 ±4,29 0 , 4 5 - 1 2 , 6 0 3,49 ± 3,36
So miu 12
5 10 15 7 49 Ghi chiJ: gi^ trj nhd nhSt- Ion nhit^rung binh ±3^l^ch chuan
Hfi SO thanh thye cua c i thilu Idn td thing 2 den thing 7 hang nam va tgp trung td thing 3 din thing 5 hing nam, cao nhit v i o thing 5 (5,93%) (hinh 2). He so dp beo eiia ea thieu doac trinh biy d hinh 3.
illi
Hinh 2. Dien b i l n h^ s6 I h i n h thvc cua ck thilu theo thdi gian
1^ s
•£ ^
^ - - X - v -
^<-<-=^5<>>>>>x
h 3. Diln biln h | s^ d9 Mo ciia ca thieu theo Ihtri gian
Tgp chi Khoa hoc - Cong nghe Thuy s So I/20I4
Hfi so dfi beo ciia ca tiiieu: Fulton (1902). Q = 957± 117 X l O ^ v i Cla* (1928), Q = 862 ± 97 X10-^. Hfi so dfi b6o c i ttiilu cao tCr ttiang 8 nam trade den thing 1 nam sau v i ttiip ti> ttiing 2 den thing 7 (hinh 3).
3. Kich t h u m : t h i n h thuc sinh dgc lan dau v i soc sinh s i n
3.1. Kich thuxK thanh th^c sinh dgc cua ca thiiu Chilu dai toan than v i khli lopng e i thieu c i i nhd nhit thinh tiiyc sinh dye la 779 mm v i 4395 g. K i t q u i nghien cdu nay Idn han kich thodc thinh thgc smh dye lan diu cua c i iic Tychysurus thalassinus (ten ding danh ciia c i thilu) l i 36 cm [9] V i Idn han kfeh ttiodc thinh ttiyc sinh dye iln dau eua e i lie Galeichths felis eii la 12 - 20 em [8]. Tuli thinh thye sinh due lin d i u ciia c i ttiieu khai thic tgi vLing biln Kien Giang dope x i e djnh la t^^^^ = 1,89 nam tuli. Tuoi thinh thue sinh dye lan dau e i iie
Arius felis nhd han 2 tuoi [4].
3.2. SCfc sinh san cOa ca thiiu
Sde sinh s i n tuyfit doi dao dfing td 85 din 153 trdng/ea t h i , tmng binh l i 104,50 ± 26,27 tn>ng/ca thi. Sde sinh s i n toang doi dao dfing td 0,0115(l6n 0,0215 trtrng/g c i eii. tiung binh l i 0,0165 ± 0,0043 trdng/g c i eai.
Kit q u i nghifin cdu cho thiy sde sinh sin tuy^l doi cua c i thieu Idn ban so vdi mfit so loii khic vS nghifin edu ciing loii eda t i e g i i khic. Sde sinh san tuyfit doi cua ea i^c Arius felis nhd, 2 0 - 6 4 tii>ng/c^
eai [8]. Soc sinh s i n tuyet doi ciia c i iic Galeichths fells td 40 den 62 tivng/ci c i i [11]. Sire sinh sin tuy^t doi e i ue Tachysurus thalassinus (tfin ding danh cua ca ttiilu) tiJ 25 d i n 42 tiT>ng/ci cii [9]. D l chu flOng hang sin xuat gilng nhan tao c i thieu, ehiing ta xem xfit din moi quan hfi giiJa sde sinh sin tuyfit dli vdi khoi lopng va chilu d i i toin than c i thieu.
•3 „
I Kk^tamg toil (kin cii(WI)e
Hinh 4. Moi linnig quan giira sue Tir hinh 4 cho Uiiy, hai dodng hoi qui diu l i dodng thing do dd gida sde sinh san tuyfit d l i vdi khli lopng (4395 - 13295 g) v i chilu d i i toin thin e i thilu cii (779 - 1079 mm) cd m i l taang quan thufin, hfi s l taang quan R khi cao. Sirc sinh san tuyfit d l i eiia e i thilu tang (td 85 din 153 trdng/
c i eii) theo kich thodc c i (khli lopng va ehilu d i i toin thin). Vific xie djnh m i l toang quan niy cd
B i n g 2. Du'dng kinh
CUta dU lolin (bin ci (LQ mm sinh sia tuy$t ak vdi W, vk L,
y nghTa thye tifin, nd giiip chung ta sa bp dinh gid dope sde sinh s i n tuyfit d l i cOa c i thilu cii nhiim xie djnh so laang c i bo mp c i n thiet trong sinh sSn nhin tgo d l cd k l hogeh san xuit phCi hap.
4. C i c giai dogn phat trien cua ca quan sinh dgc c i thieu cai
Ket qua quan s i t v i do dodng kinh trdng ci thilu dope trinh biy d bing 2
trirng cua c i thieu
T T
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Glal doan phM tridn TSD 1 II III IV V Vl-ll Chung
Oir6,ng kinh trtnig (mm) Dao d^ne
3,0 - 8,0 10,0-11,9 12,0-16,0 16,3-19,0 19,8-21,0 3,0-21,0
Trung binh 4,56 ± 0.83
-
11,24 ±0,79 14,36 ±1,42 18,00 ±0,80 20,27 ± 0,64 11,96 ±5,97
So miu
12 5 10 15 7 49
• Giai dogn I. Noan sao rit nhd, minh, rit khd phin bifit dope tinh sao hay noin bao bing mat thodng.
- Giai dogn II: Noin b i o gia ting kieh ttiodc«a cd the phin bifit tuyen sinh dye dye, eii bing rt\ii thodng. Buong trdng ed kich cd nhd. choa cing vS
Tgp chi Khoa hgc - Cong nghe Thdy sdn So 1/2014
bfin ngoii m i u tring, Ming bao buong tnJng cdndiy v i rat khd thiy dope trdng ben trong bing mit
thodng. Khi giii phiu buong tnJng. trdng cd kich thode khi Idn v i cd mau tring sda (hinh 5a).
Hinh S. IViTng ck giai do^n - Gial dogn 111: Kfch thodc noan b i o gia tang rd, buing trdng ben ngoii ed m i u ving nhgt v i mang mdng d i n . Cd t h i thiy doac trdng bfin trong buong tn>ng bing mat thodng. Khi giai phau buong trdng, ta thiy r i t rd trtrng v i mach m i u phin bo trfin trdng.
Tn>ng ed kfeh thode khi Idn v i khd tich rdi trdng khdi t i m trdng. Trdng cd mau ving, buing trdng khi cang. Thdi kJ niy eic noan b i o bit diu ehuyin sang giai doan sinh trodng chat dinh dodng, do dd noin b i o Idn Ifin nhd sy tich luy chit dinh dodng
11 (a) va giai doan 111 (b) (bang 2 v i hinh 5b)
- Giai dogn IV: Noan b i o cd kieh thode Idn, cd mau ving toai. hai dam ban so vdl noan bao giai dogn III. Mang buong trdng rit mdng. mau vang v i trong suit. Buong trtrng eang phong va thay rit rd eic trtrng ben trong. Khi giai phlu buing trdng, ta thiy tnJng to v i taang doi dong deu, ed nhieu mach m i u tren trdng. Khd tach rdi trdng vdi tam trdng Da so te bao d thdi ky Idn nguyfin sinh noan hoing (bing 2 v i hinh 6a).
Hinh 6. lYihig c£ t h i l u giai - Giai doan V: Noan b i o ed kieh thodc rat Idn v i cd m i u s i c dgm han so vdi giai dogn IV. Ming buong trtrng rat mdng, trong suot v i trdng rit to. cd nhilu maeh mau xung quanh trdng. cd t h i tich rdi trtrng Idn ra khdi t i m trdng Trong noin bao, ehti y l u l i c i e t l bao tnJng da ket thuc thdi k^ Idn noan hoing (bing 2 v i hinh 6b).
-Giai dogn VI - II: Sau khi ca de xong, buong tning
doanIV(a)viV(b)
teo lai, mem nhao, mang buong trdng nhan nheo, mach miu phat trien deu va ben trong cd djch bim do. Trong buong trdng, mot so trdng khdng dope de ra v i mot so trdng nhd bim ehgt vao tam trtrng, to chde lifin kit v i mgeh m i u nhieu, mot so noin bao dang thoai hda v i dirac t i i h i p thy. Ben eanh dd, van cdn cd te bao do trd va mpt so te bao d giai doan II (bang 2 v i hinh 7)
I^^^H^^^^^H
^ 1 Duons kinh trunu 20 nun B ^ |
^ ^ ^ ^ K '
H b i h T - ' A v n g c f t t i i i l u (a) v i buong Irirng sau khi ca Se, giai doan V I - I I (b)
Do day l i cing trinh nghifin edu d i u tien ve dge dilm sinh san e i tiiilu nfin khi dung chat (flnh hinh Bouin c l dinh m i u tnJng nhong khfing c i t l i t miu doac do q u i edng Vi v i y cin nghien cdu them v l phan tich to chdc hpe tuyin sinh dgc c i thieu.
Tap chi Khoa hgc - Cong nghe Thuy sdn So 1/2014
Bang 3. Ty le (%) cdc gial GDTSD
II III IV V Vl-ll
18 2,04 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00
T9 2.04 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00
n o 4,08 0,00 0.00 0,00 0.00
doan phdt t r i l n T i l 2,04 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00
T12 2,04 0,00 0,00 0,00 0.00
tuyen sinii due tlieo thiri gian (ttiang) T l
0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0.00
T2 0,00 0,00 4,08 0,00 0,00
T3 4,08 0,00 12,24 4,0S 0,00
T4 2,04 8,16 4,08 e,12 4,08
T5 6,12 2,04 6,12 8,16 4,08
n = 49) T6 0,00 6,12 0,00 2,04 0,00
TT 0,00 2,04 2,04 0,00 0,00 Ghi chO: T IMng (lirth^ng 8 nSm 2010 Cen Ihang 7 nSm 2011).
Td bing 3 cho thiy, cic giai doan phat tnln Clia tuyin sinh due c i thilu c i i (td giai doan IV d i n Vl-ll) xult hifin v i chilm ty Ifi (%) cao td thing 2 d i n thing 7, trong dd tap tiung td thing 3 den thing 5.
5. lUICia sinh s i n
Cic kit qui nghifin eiru v l he so thanh thgc eua e i thilu eao td tiling 2 din thing 7 (tap trung td ttiing 3 den ttiang 5), he s l dfi bfio tiiip td thing 2 din thing 7 va eae giai dogn phit tiiln cua hjyIn sinh dye (td giai dogn IV den Vl-ll) xult hifin v i chilm ty Ifi ego tCr thing 2 den thing 7 (tfip tnjng tir thing 3 din thing 5). Vt vfiy. miia sinh sin eua c i thilu td thing 2 den thing 7 va tfip bung td thing 3 den thing 5 (bang 1 v i 3, hinh 3). Day l i nhfin djnh ban diu ve miia vy sinh sin dya tien ket qua nghifin cdu. Ket qui nghien cdu v l miia sinh sin e i thieu eung toang ty miia sinh sin cOa mfit s l nghien cdu cdng loii v i mpt so loii khie trang hp e i iie (Anidae) dope nghifin cdu trfin thi gidl nho Tychysunjs thalassinus (ten ding danh ciig c i thilu) td tiiang 4 din thing 8 [7], [9]; Arius felis tij thing 5 din ttiang 8 va Galeichths fe//s td thing 4 din ttiing 7 [11]; Arius felis ti> ttiing 6 den thing 9, Amelanopus ti> thing 4 den thing 9 va Barge marinus ti> thing 4 din ttiing 6 [12].
TAI LifLI THAM KHAO
tv. K^T LU^N VA KI^N NGHI I . K i t lugn
Ca quan sinh dye c^ thifiu cai hinh tui gom 2 nhanh nam s i t vich ea t h i dodi bdng hai. Dodng kfnh trdng dao dpng td 3 d i n 21 mm. He 56 thanh thgc cua c i thilu dao dfing 0,45 - 12,60%, trung binh: 3,49 ± 3,35%. Hfi s l dp bfio cua c&, Fulton (1902) Q = 957 ± 117 x 10* v i Clark (1926) Q^ = 862 ± 97 X 10*. Tuli v i ehilu dii toin than nhd nhat thanh thye sinh dye lin d i u cua oi thilu cai lin loat l i t ^ ^ = 1,89 nam tuoi v i L, = 779 mm.
Sde sinh sin tuyfit doi va toang d l i eiia c i thieu Iln loyt l i 85 - 153 tn>ng/ca t h i , trung binh:
104,50 ± 26,27 bi>ng/ei t h i va 0,0115 - 0,0215 trdng/g ca eai, trung binh: 0,0165 ± 0,0043 trtrng/g c i c i i . Miia sinh san ciia e i thieu td thing 2 den thing 7. t i p trung t d thing 3 den thing 5 2. Kien nghj
Tilp tyc nghifin cdu to chde hpe tuyin sinh due e i thilu, c i e giai dogn phit trien tuyin sinh dye ci thieu dye v i nghien edu dac diem sinh tardng vd dinh dodng eiia e i thilu.
Tiing Vift
Bp Thiiy san, 1996. Nguon lgi thiiy sin Viet Nam. Tnr6ing ban Ban bien tip: Nguyen Tan Trmh. >iXB Nong nghi^ HS Noi, Nikolxki, G. V, 1963. Sinh thii hgc (ban dich ciia Mai Dinh YSn). NXB Khoa hpe va Ky thuat. Ha Npi.
Pravdin. I. F, 1963. Huong dan nghien cuu ca. Pham Thj Minb Giang dich NXB Khoa hpe va Ky thu|t, 278 trang.
Tieng Anh
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