TU UEU - DINH CHINH SU UEU
THEM MOT TirUEU LjCH SlfVE GIANH CHINH QUYEN THANG 8 NAM 1945 or VIET NAM
NGUYfiN VAN KHOAN*
Chung tdi suu tdm duac 3 bdc tliu ddnh mdy bang tieng Viet - logi mdy chd co ddu - khdc vdi mdy chd tie'ng Phdp khdng co ddu cua mdt 'Tu lenh qudn doan 3 dgc nhiem Trung Hoa" mang ten Alexaruier Kuan Hii (Quang Ming), trong do co mdt bdc gdi Hoang de'Bdo Dgi tdHd Ndi ngdy 21 thdng 8 ndm 1945, vd hai bdc ghi ngdy 22 thdng 8 ndm 1945 gdi Thu tinh ngdi Tu lenh - Uy ban Nhdn ddn Cdch mgng a Bdc Ky.
Ba bdc thu ndy khdng c6 chd ky, dn trien, khdng co phong bi. Co the ddy Id bdn vda ddnh mdy xong, chua kip ky da vi mdt ly do ndo do (bi bdt, bi tich thu, bi mdt, bi ddnh cap...).
Cho dd cdc vdn bdn tren chua co tinh phdp ly hdnh chinh, nhung chung ta cung thdy "dm muu diet cdng cdm Hd" cua Tudng Gidi Thach vd qudn quan cda Tudng.
Tu lieu cho thdy, truoc ngdy 21 thdng 8 ndm 1945 - ngudi gid chdc 'Tu lenh qudn dodn 3" da CO mat a Hd Ndi, de theo doi, ndm bdt tinh hinh, de xudt mdt gidi phdp logi trd chinh quyen cdch mgng.
Vdi nhdng su kien tren, chung ta them mdt tdn nua thdy ro dudng ldi, chu trucmg dung ddn, nghe thudt ndm bdt thdi ca "ngdn ndm co mdt" cua Ddng Cdng sdn Ddng Duang, cua Hd Chi Minh trong nhdng ngdy thdng 8 ndm 1945. Ne'u khdng co ngay mdt chinh phu - dd Id ldm thdi - di tiep qudn DSng minh, tie'p qudn Tudng Gidi Thgch chdc chdn se gap rdt nhieu kho khdn.
Chung tdi xin trdn trgng gi&i thieu vdi bgn dgc vd mong co su xdc minh, bS khuyet.
Biic thic nhdt
Ha Npi, ngiy 21 thang 8 nSm 1945 Kinh gvfi: Hofing de Bao Dai
Da hfing ngfin nfim n a y c h u n g t a dfi ngUdng md cac t r i l u v u a Thufi'n, N g h i e u vfi c h u n g t a se cdn p h a i duy t r i t r o n g n h i e u nfim nQa (vi t h l mfi) c h u n g tdi rfi't d a u ldng bie't t i n hofing t h u p n g dfi d l n g h j dUdc thoai vj.
Lfi mdt b a y tdi h e n mpn cua hofing t h u p n g , tdi k h d n g cd q u y i n can t h i e p vfio
t h e che' c h i n h t r i cua hofing thUdng nhUng Ngfii ThUdng thU Bd Hpc iiy n h i e m toi d i l u bfinh mdt sU t h d a thufin giQa N a m t r i l u va Viet M i n h :
Dd lfi ca h a i p h i a m a tdi dUdc vinh dU t i n n h i e m da y e u cfiu tdi lfim mdt cUdng vj t r p n g tfii.
Tdi, xin dUde p h d p k h u y e n hofing thUdng b a y cvf n h Q n g p h a i vien ngoai giao de'n T r u n g Qud'c cfing n h a n h c a n g td't de dupe cong nhfin n e n ddc lfip cua dfi't nUdc cua hofing thUdng (ngfiy 19-8-1945, tdi da
* TS. Hpi Khoa hpc Lich sQ Vipt Nam
Th&m mpt tu lifu ljch si... 69 lfim trung gian de chuyen mpt cdng hfim ve
nin ddc lfip (cua Vipt Nam) tdi Tudng Tudng Gidi Thach.
Viet Minh da nfim chinh quyen. NhUng hp cd nguy cd lfim mfi't n i n dpc lfip mfi tdi da d l nghj. De giai quyet nhQng khd khfin nfiy, tdt nhfi't lfi hofing thQdng hay ky vdi Viet Minh mdt hiep Udc bao dam gdm: viec bao dam dao ly cho nhQng ldi dfi tuyen bd', tuyen the, svf tin nhiem ca hai phia vfi nhQng bao dam thvfc te de dam bao viec thoai vj cua hofing thUdng (chi dupe t i l n hfinh khi da thvfc hipn dupe mdt n i n ddc lfip hofin toan).
Trong khi chd ddi mdt svf thda thufin se dUdc tie'n hfinh xin hofing thUdng hay td' chQc ngay lfip tQc mpt chinh phu hdp phap de vi$c kiln nghj ddc lfip (cho dfi't nUdc hofing thupng) se dupe chfi'p nhfin.
Biitc thil hai
KuanHil Ha Ngi, ngiy 22 thang 8 nftm 1945 (Alescander)
Tfl l$nh Qufin doin 3 D§c nhi§m Trung Hoa
GQi thu hnh Ngfii TU Ipnh - Uy ban Nhan dan Cach mang Bfie Ky.
Ong than min,
Cung luc vdi bQc thQ chinh thQc nfiy, tdi vQa nhfin dQdc mdt Ipnh cfi'p tren (nen) tdi tvf cho phdp minh vdi tu each lfi ban be khuyen dng nen hdp tac trong dilu kien nhanh nhfi't cd the dUdc vdi nhQng Ifinh tvi cac dang phai, de thvfc hipn si^ dofin ke't nfiy vdi uy ban giai giap (quan Nhfit).
Tdi cung yeu cfiu dng (ky kit) mpt hiep Qdc cam doan giQa hoang d l (Bao Dai) va Uy ban Nhan dan Cach mang. De (cd the) thoai vi, bfiy chd khi cac ong hofin tofin ddc lfip vi r^ng chinh phu chung toi chi cd the thUdng lUdng vdi 1 chinh phu hdp
phfip (vi the) mfi viec d i l u dinh lfi cUc ky khan cfi'p.
Tdi xin chuc dng thfinh cdng my man trong nhQng viec mfi chung tdi dang chd dpi d cac dng.
Bicc thic ba
KuanHil Ha Noi, ngky 22 thang 8 nam 1945 (Alescander)
Tfl Ipnh Quan doan 3 Dae nhipm Trung Hoa
Ngfii T Q lenh Quan dofin 3 Dfic nhipm Trung Hoa
gvfi Thu linh Uy ban Nhan dan Cach mang d Bfie Ky (Hfi Ndi)
ThQa ong,
NhQng sU kien trong nhQng ngfiy gin day cd nguy cd lfim mfi't hofin tofin nen ddc lfip cvta dfi't nUdc dng.
Vdi tu each lfi mdt quan sat vien, tdi vinh dil dupe gdi y vdi dng nhQng y kien sau day:
Chinh phu Trung Qud'c se khdng cdng nhfin mdt chinh phu bfi't hdp phap dUdc td chQc d Bfie Ky. Chinh phu Trung Qud'c chi cd the dilu dinh vdi mdt Chinh phu hdp hien. Chinh phu Trung Qudc hy vpng cd mpt svf thda thufin ngay lfip tQc vdi uy ban vfi vdi chinh quyin b Hue, va coi trpng hdn mdt chinh phu dofin k i t qud'c gia (chQ khdng phai) mdt chinh phii chuyen chinh cua Dang.
De cd dQdc dpc lfip, cfic dng khdng nen cd thai dp phan khfing vdi cac nQdc Ddng minh vfi nhfi't lfi vdi Trung Quo'c, vdi hofing de cua cac dng da buy bd nhQng hiep Qdc bfi't binh dfing vfi tuyen bd' ddc lfip (cho dfi't nQdc cac dng).
Vipc k h i n cfi'p nhfi't lfi bfiy tiep xuc vdi chinh quyin d Hue' de cd mpt chinh phii
70 Rghito curu Lich sit. s611.2010^
hdp phap d Bfie Ky vfi 1 chinh phu hdp phap d Hue, nhfim dilu dinh ngay lfip tQc vdi chinh phu Trung Qud'c. Neu chfim tre cfic dng se mfi't h i t . Hay de vfi'n d l chinh tri ndi bd v l sau. Hdn nQa, hofing de cvta cac ong lfi ngUdi duy nhfi't chinh thQc dQdc cfic
chinh phu khfic cdng nhfin. Hofing de da cd nhQng bQdc khdi ddng quo'c t l d i u tien dfing thQa nhfin. N l u cfic ong mudn, cac dng cd the yeu cau hofing thUdng thoai vj sau, khi cfic ong thUc svf da ddc lfip.
Xin gQi ldi chfio kinh trpng.
TINH HINH RUdNG DAT KHU VUC HANH CUNG THIEN TRUfiTNG...
(Tie'p theo trang 38)
CHU THICH
(1). Ngo Vi Lien: Tin ldng xd vd dia danh cdc tinh Bdc Ki, Nxb. VSn hoa Thong tin, Ha Npi, 1997, tr. 91.
(2). Tinh iiy, Hpi dong nhfin dfin, Uy ban nhfin dfin tinh Nam Dinh: Bia chi tinh Nam Binh. Nxb.
Chinh tri Quoc gia. Ha Npi, 2003, tr. 29.
(3). Pierre Gourou: NgUcfi ndng ddn chdu thd Bdc Ki, Hpi khoa hoe Lieh sil Vi^t Nam, Vipn Viin Dong bac co, Nxb. Tre, 2003, tr. 152.
(4). Xd chi. Tfii Ii$u lflu trfl tai Thfl vi$n Vifn Nghien cflu Han Nom, kl hifu AJ 7/4.
(5). Nguyin Thi Thu^: Tinh hinh rugng ddt khu vUc thdnh Tdy Bd qua mdt sd dia bg thdi Minh Mgng, Tap chi Nghiin cdu Lich sd, so 6-
2008, tr. 59-65; Nguyin Thi Hai: Tinh hinh rudng dd't d Nd Ld (Hod An - Cao Bdng ) nda ddu thi'ki XIX qua tu lieu dia bg. Tap chf Nghien cdu Lich siP, so 6-2009, tr. 30-40.
(6). Phan PhflOng Thao: Bii'n ddi sd hihi rugng ddt d Kiin Mi (Binh Binh) sau chinh sdch qudn diin ndm Minh Minh thd 20 (1839), Tap chf Nghiin cihi Lich sd, so 4-2001, tr. 24.
(7). Phan Huy Le (chii bien): Bia bg Thdi Binh.
Nxb. The gi6i. Ha Npi, 1997, tr. 35.
(8). Din theo Nguyen Hong Phong: Di sdn ldng xd trUdc cdch mgng xd hdi chu nghla trong Ndng thdn Viet Nam trong lich sd, Nxb. Khoa hpc xa hpi.
Ha Npi, 1978, tr. 463, 465.
