KHOA HOC CbNG N G H l
M O T SO KET QLlA IVGHIEIXI CLTLI V E PHAIM VUIMG TIELI V A BIEIM P H A P T I E U IMUQC IVIAT O
DOIMG
B A I M G B A CBO
L6 Quang Ymh\ L6 TTii TTianh Thdf T6MTAT
Trai qua nhieu thap ky xay dung thuy Igi, dong bang Bac bg da hinh thanh 22 viing thuy lgi cd quy md va bien phap tieu khac nhau. Bai bao nay gidi thieu tdm tat ket qua ngbien ctm danh gia hien frang phan vung tieu, bien phap tieu nudc mat, mgt sd tinh chat cua cac he thdng thuy lgi cd anh hudng d^n bien phap tieu, phuong phap phan viing tieu va kien nghi ve phan viing tieu ap dung d dong bang Bac bg.
TU khda: Dong bdng Bac bo, biin phdp tiiu, phdn viing tieu, viing tieu, viing thuy lgi.
LDATVANDE
Vung ddng bang Bac bd frgng nghien ciiu niy bag gdm 10 tinh vi thinh phd li Hi Ndi, Hai Phdng, Vinh Phuc, Bac Ninh, Hai Dugng, Htmg Yen, Hi Nam, Thii Binh, Nam Dmh, Ninh Binh cd teng dien tich tu nhien 1.486.250 ha freng dd khgang fren 760.000 ha la dat ndng nghiep, din sd fren 18,6 frieu ngudi (nam 2008). Trai qua nhieu the ky chdng chgi vdi thien nhien, nhin din ta da xiy dung dugc hang ngin cdng frinh thuy Igi phuc vu yeu cau chdng lu, tudi, tieu, cai tag dat... Cic cdng frinh thuy lgi nhu hd, dip, fram bgm, cdng cung vdi mang ludi kenh mueng, cdng frinh fren kenh, dudng xi, de diiu, bd bag, bd vung, v.v... da tag thinh he thdng cdng frinh thuy lgi (cdn ggi li he thdng thuy lgi). Cac he thdng thuy lgi dugc xiy dung cung vdi nhieu yeu td tu nhien khic nhu sdng, ngdi da chia cat vung ddng bang thinh nhiiiig khu vuc ddc lip heac tugng ddi ddc lap, dugc ggi li vung thuy lgi. Hien nay vung ddng bang Bac bd da hinh thinh 22 vung thuy lgi cd quy md rat khic nhau. Treng sd 22 vung ndi fren, cd vung dugc chia nhd thinh nhiiu he thdng thuy lgi, cd vung dugc tg chuc thinh mdt he thdng thuy Igi.
Mdi he thdng thuy Igi dg mdt hgac nhiiu dganh nghiep khai thic cdng trinh thuy lgi quan ly. Khi nghien ciiu tieu nudc chg mdt vung thuy lgi hay mdt he thdng thuy lgi cu the thi vung nghien ciiu tieu dugc ggi la vung tieu.
D. PHUONG PHAP PHAN VUNG TIEU
1. Cic phuong phip phin viing tieu di vi dang ip diing dr ddng bing Bic bo
Trudng Dai hgc Thuy lgi
Nghien ctiu cic phueng in phin vung da thuc hien frgng cic du an quy hgach tieu d nudc ta tii trudc den nay cd the teng ket vi khii quit lai thinh 4 phugng phip chu yeu sau diy:
fl. Phdn viing theo bien phdp tieu. Bien phip tieu nudc cd thi li tieu tu chay bang frgng luc heac tieu cudng buc bang ddng luc. Cac quy beach thuy lgi thirc hien dau tien d nudc ta thudng cgi tgin bd vung ddng bang Bac bd dugc tieu tu chay ra he thdng sdng Hdng vi sdng Thii Binh. Khii niem tieu b4ng ddng luc nay sinh khi nhimg khu vuc trung thudng xuyen hi ung ngap cd nhu ciu tieu nudc de phat trien sin xuit. Quy md vung tieu phan thee cich niy phu thudc vie cae dd dia hinh cua vung tieu, yeu cau tieu nudc cua cic ddi tugng cd nhu cau tieu cd freng luu vuc vi muc nudc khdng che tai nei nhan nudc tieu.
b. Phdn viing theo lim vifc (luu vuc sdng, sudi hgac liru vuc cua cdng trinh tieu). Khi thuc hien phan vung theg luu vuc sdng, ltm vuc cd quy md Idn thudng chia thanh nhung luu vuc nhd hon. Trgng mdt lira vuc lai phin thanh cic tieu vung tieu tu chiy vi tiiu vung tieu ddng luc. Tuy tiing trudng hgp cu the, freng vung tieu ddng lire (hgac tu chay) cd thi chia thinh lira vuc tieu cua ttmg cdng trinh tieu cti the heac cua cum cdng trinh tieu vdi quy md thich hgp.
c. Phdn viing theo hu&ng tieu vd noi nhdn nu&c tieu. Hudng tieu Ii cich md ti vec to chuyen nudc bi ngi can tieu den noi nhin nudc tieu. Noi nhin nudc tieu cd the li sdng, sudi, bien, hd hoac cic khu vuc trung thap cd kha nang nhin nudc tii noi khac den.
Diy cung la mdt dang khac cua phuong phip phin vung theo luu vuc.
d. Phdn viing theo dia gi&i hdnh chinh. Cich phin vung niy dugc ip dung khi phd bien b nhiiu
dia phugng, nd bat ngudn tU eg chi quan ly theg vung lanh thd. Trgng mdt sd quy hgach dg dia phugng lap, vung tieu dugc chia theg dgn vi hanh chinh vi thudng mau thuin vdi quy hgach tdng the cua vung. Thuc te cd nhiiu don vi hanh chinh dugc thanh lap dua fren dac diem dien hinh cua yeu td tu nhien ma cac yeu te nay Iai la eg sd quan trgng frgng viec xac dinh ranh gidi vung tieu nhu sdng sudi va cac dudng phan luu cua nd. Vi thi cd khdng it tieu vung frgng he thdng tieu ldn khi phan vung tieu thee luu vuc lai trung vdi dgn vi quan ly hanh chinh.
2. Nguyen tic chung v6 phin vung ti6u
Vung tieu la he thdng eac cdng frinh tieu bae gdm cdng frinh dau mdi (cd thi la cdng tieu hoac fram bom tieu), cac cdng frinh tieu phin tin ndi ddng, cdng frinh nei tiep, he thdng kenh din nham tag nen va kiem seit dugc mdi lien he thuy luc giua mat rudng vi noi nhin nudc tieu dip iing yeu cau phit frien ndng nghiep - ndng thdn vi cac nganh kinh te - xa hdi khac. Trgng vUng tieu cd thi cd mdt hgac nhieu ddi tugng tieu nudc khac nhau. Trgng mdt he thdng thuy lgi cd the phin thanh mdt hoac nhieu tiiu vung tuy thudc vag dac diem tieu nudc cua nd. Phin vung tieu la mdt bien phap thue hien phuong cham tieu nude truyen thdng la "chdn nudc, rai nudc va thag nudc cd ke beach". Phin vUng tieu dugc xac dinh dua fren mdt sd nguyen tic sau:
Vung tieu dugc xic dinh khdng chi phu hgp vdi yeu cau tieu nudc hien tai m i cdn phai ban chi dugc cac miu thuin cd the nay sinh frgng tugng lai;
Vung tieu cd the li luu vuc tu nhien cua mdt hay nhieu chi lira sdng sudi, cung cd thi la lira vuc tu nhien kit hgp vdi lira vuc nhan tag hgac lira vuc hgan tgan dg nhan tag nhung phai tugng ddi khep kin;
Mdi vung tieu cd the cd mdt hgac nhiiu he thdng cdng frinh thuy lgi dugc xiy dung phuc vu tudi, tieu, cai tae dat, cap thgit nudc va phdng chdng lu, lut...;
Vung tieu dugc xic dinh phai mang tinh ddc lap hoac tuong ddi ddc lip vdi cac vung lan can freng quan ly, khai thic cic he thdng thuy lgi;
Khdng xet den dia gidi hinh chinh frgng phin vung tieu.
3. Mdt sd di^u kifn ring budc khi xic dinh ranh gidi ciia cic vtmg ti6u
a. Song ngoi vd noi nhdn nu&c tieu
Ddi vdi vung tieu ddng lire thi sdng Idn cd de bao bgc thudng Ii ngi nhan nudc tieu chinh cua khu virc nghien ciiu. Lugng nudc thUa cua vung tieu dugc dua ra sdng nhd fram bom. Trong tnrdng hgp nay sdng nhan nude tieu dugc xac dinh la ranh gidi cua vung tieu. Sdng Idn cung dugc cei la ranh gidi cua vUng tieu tu chay khi nd la nei nhan nudc tieu true tiep tii cac sdng nhanh heac tii cac hd tieu nudc khdng can nang lugng bom.
Sdng ngdi ndi dia, sdng nhanh thudng dugc chgn lam cic true tieu chinh cua cdng frinh tieu nhu fram bom, cdng tieu tu chay. Cic sdng thudc lgai nay chi dugc cei li ranh gidi cua vung tieu khi ban thin nd cung la ngi tilp nhan nudc tieu tU mdt phia (ben phai heac ben frai lira vuc).
He ag cung cd thi frd thanh bien gidi cua vung tieu nlu nd la ngi tilp nhin vi chuyin tii nude tieu di nei khac.
b. Diiu kien dia hinh
Cag dd mat dat, hudng ddc, muc dd phuc tap cua dia hinh cung nhu mUc dd chia cat lira vuc bdi cac sdng sudi, khe lach va cdng frinh xay dung cd anh hudng rat manh den tinh chat vi quy md cua vung tieu. Thee diiu kien dia hinh, bien gidi cua lira vuc tieu cd the dugc xac dinh dua vie nhthig dac diem sau:
Nhting dai dat cae ttr nhien hay nhan tae chia cat luu vuc thanh nhting vung cd hudng ddc khac nhau.
Nhimg cdng frinh dg cen ngudi xiy dung nhu dudng giag thdng, kenh tudi (nhieu trudng hgp kl ci kenh tieu) chia cat lira vuc nghien ciiu thanh nhiing khu vuc rieng biet, ddc lap va khdng thdng nhau.
Sdng ngdi nhu frinh bay b muc a.
c. Che do thuy vdn
Che dd muc nudc tai nei nhan nudc tieu quyet dinh din quy md va tinh chat vung tieu. Khi mtic nudc tai ngi nhan nudc tieu thap hen muc nudc can giu lai d frgng ddng thi he thdng cd kha nang tieu ttr chay. Ngugc lai, nlu cag hon muc nude che phep duy fri g frgng ddng thi phai tieu bing ddng lue. Can cU vag sir tugng quan giua qui frinh muc nudc tai nei tiep nhan nudc tieu vdi qua frinh muc nudc can tieu b frong ddng cd the xac dinh dugc quy md va gidi ban cua cac vUng tieu tu chay, ban tu chay hay vung tieu ddng luc.
d. Loai ho tieu nuac
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
Mdi lgai hd tieu nudc (hay cdn ggi la ddi tugng tieu nudc) khic nhau cd nhu ciu tieu va tinh chat tieu cung khac nhau:
Cac hd tieu nudc dac biet nhu khu cdng nghiep, dd thi, khu vuc chuyen canh nudi freng thuy san nen phin thinh nhiing tieu vung tieu rieng va ddc lap vdi cic hd tieu nudc khic. Khi giai quyet tieu nudc che cic dia diem nay cdn phai cd cic bien phap ky thuat rieng de xu ly nudc thai, ngan ngua su lay lan d nhilm ngudn nudc, bag ve cic nganh sin xuit khac va bao ve mdi trudng.
Cic hd tieu nudc khac nhu rudng lua, hga mau, ciy cdng nghiep, ag hd, thd cu vung ndng thdn... la
nhung hd tieu nudc "tiniyln thdng", neu khdng bi gidi ban bdi cic ring huge khic thi cd the nam frgng cung mdt tiiu vUng tieu.
III. PHAN VUNG T E U TRONG CAC VUNG THUY LOI 0 DONG RANG DAC RO
1. Viing ti6u Sdng Tich - Thanh Hi
Bag gdm dat dai cua cac huyen Ba Vi, My DUc, Thach That, Qudc Oai, Chuong My, Phuc Thg va flii xa Son Tiy (Hi Ndi) cd dien tich tu nhien 191.510 ha freng dd cd 82.314 dat ndng nghiep, dien tich can tieu 66.807 ha. Thee bien phap tieu, vung Sdng Tich - Thanh Ha cd 22.411 ha tieu hi chay, chiem 33,55%
dien tich can tieu va 44.396 ha tieu bing ddng luc.
TT 1 2 3 4 5
Bing 1. Phin viing theo hudng ti6u viing Sdng Tich
TIEU VUNG BaVi
Ta song Tich Hitu song Tich TaMyHa
Thugng Thanh Ha Tong cgng
Dien tich can tieu (ha) 9.385 34.132 9.247 11.166
2.877 66.807
-Thanh Hi
Tieu ra cac sdng (ha) Tich
9.385 19.819
9.247 0 0 38.451
Day 0 14.313
0 9.816
0 24.129
Thanh Ha 0 0 0 1.350 2.877 4.227 2. VUng atvL h$ thdng thiiy lgi sdng Nhu$
Bag gdm cac quan, huyen cua Hi Ndi nam phia bd nam sdng Hdng va mdt phin tinh Hi Nam nam d phia bac sdng Chau Giang vi phia ddng sdng Diy, cd
Bing 2. Phin vung theo hudng ti6u - HTTL sdng Nhufe
dien tich tu nhien nam frong de (cung Ii dien tich can tieu) 107.530 ha frong dd cd 77.497 ha dat ndng nghiep. Hien nay tgin bd dien tich can tieu cua he thdng dugc tieu bang ddng luc.
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
TIEU VUNG Dong Ha Ngi (Yen Sd) Thanh Tri
Hong Van Fhli Xuyen Duy Tien
Tay Ha Ngi (Dan Hoai Tu) La Khe
Nam Ung Hoa Kim Bang Tong cong
Dien tich can tieu (ha)
7.750 3.204 11.353 11.062 13.815 19.538 18.306 15.214 7.288 107.530
Tieu vao cac sdng (ha) Hong
7.750 1.100 1.150 4.200 4.150 0 0 0 0 18.350
Day 0 0 0 0 0 18.548 10.800 9.220 6.050 44.618
Nhue 0 2.104 10.203
5.654 0 990 7.506 5.994 1.238 33.689
Duy Tien + Chau Giang
0 0 0 1.208 9.665 0 0 0 0 10.873 3. Viing ti6u h$ thdng thiiy lgi Bic Himg Hii
Dugc gidi ban bdi sdng Dudng b phia bac, sdng Lugc g phia nam, sdng Hdng d phia tiy, sdng Thai Binh d phia ddng, cd dien tich tu nhien 200.230 ha, freng dd dien tich can tieu 192.025 ha, dien tich canh tic 134.777 ha, bag gdm tgan bd tinh Hung Yen, mdt
phan cic tinh Hai Duong, Bic Ninh vi thinh phd Ha Ndi. Thee bien phip tieu, hien nay he thdng thuy lgi Bac Htmg Hii chi cd 18.040 ha tieu tu chay, chilm 9,39 % dien tich can tieu, cdn Iai 173.985 ha tieu bing ddng luc.
Bin? 3. Phin viing theo hudng ti^u - fflTL Bic Hung Hii TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Tl6u VUNG Gia Lam
Nam Duong Chau Giang Bac Kim Son Cam Giang An Thi
Binh Giang - Bac Thanh Mien Gia Loc - Tu Ky
Tay nam Cihi An Dong nam Cuu An
Tong cgng
Dien tich can tieu (ha)
7.924 32.757 20.132 18.925 10.866 15.868 24.285 21.321 25.116 14.831 192.025
Ra song ngoai bang dgng luc (ha) Hong
3.500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.340 0 4.840
Dudng 0 1.618 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.618
Thai Binh 0 14.960 0 0 6.152 0 0 10.640 0 0 31.752
Ludc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.478 10.661 22.139
Ra song ngi dong (ha) Ddng luc
0 11.836 13.263 16.521 4.714 15.868 24.285 10.681 12.298 4.170 113.636
Tu chay 4.424 4.343 6.869 2.404 0 0 0 0 0 0 18.040 4. Viing ti6u h§ thdng thiiy lgi Bic Nam Hi
Dugc bag bgc bdi cac sdng Chau Giang d phia bac, sdng Hdng b phia bac vi ddng, sdng Day d phia tiy vi nam va sdng Dig - Nam Dinh b phia ddng vi nam, cd dien tich ttr nhien 95.780 ha, freng dd dien tich cin tieu 85.326 ha, dat ndng nghiep fren 63.000 ha.
He thdng bag gdm dat dai cua hai tinh Ha Nam va Nam Dinh. Thudc tinh Hi Nam li toan bd cac
huyen Ly Nhan, Binh Luc, phan nim phia ddng sdng Diy cua huyen TTianh Liem, mdt phan thanh phd Phu Ly nam phia nam sdng Chiu Giang vi phia ddng sdng Day. Thudc tinh Nam Dinh la tgin bd cic huyen My Ldc, Y Yen, Vu Ban, mdt phan thinh phd Nam Dinh nam phia bd hiiu sdng Dig. Diy li vung tieu bean tgan bang ddng lire, tieu ra sdng ngoai.
Bing 4. Phin vUng theo hudng ti6u - HTTL Bic Nam Hi T
T 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
TIEU VUNG Cd Dam Cdc Thanh Vinh Tri Nham Trang Nhu Trac HihiBi Quang Tmng DinhXa
Cgng:
Dien tich can tieu (ha)
15.039 22.661 20.006 6.850 3.950 11.250 1.937 3.633 85.326
Tieu vao cac sdng (ha) Day
15.039 J 20.006
6.850 0 0 0 0 41.895
Dao - Nam Dinh 0 22.661 0 0 0 0 0 0 22.661
Hong 0 0 0 0 3.950 11.250 0 0 15.200
Chau Giang 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.937 3.633 5.570 5. Viing ti6u Trung Nam Djnh
Nam ggn frgng tinh Nam Dinh gdm tgan bd cac huyen Nghia Hung, Nam True, mdt phan thanh phd Nam Dinh nam phia bd ta sdng Dag - Nam Dinh, mdt phan huyen True Ninh nam phia bd hiiu sdng Nmh Cg, dugc gidi ban bdi sdng Hdng b phia bac, biln Ddng g phia nam, sdng Ninh Co d phia ddng, sdng
Dag - Nam Dinh vi sdng Diy d phia tiy, cd tdng dien tich tu nhien 46.779 ha, frong dd dien tich can tieu 41.822 ha, dat ndng nghiep 28.449 ha. Theo bien phap tieu, vung tieu Trung Nam Dinh cd 30.350 ha tieu tu chay (chiem 72,57% dien tich can tieu), sd cdn lai vdi 11.472 ha tieu bang ddng luc.
T T 1 2
Bir TIEU VUNG Nghia Hung
Nam True + True Ninh Cgng
ig 5. Phin vung Dien tich can
tieu (ha) 17.672 24.150 41.822
theo hirdng tifeu viing Trung Nam Dinh Noi nhan nudc tieu (ha) Song Dao
0 5.017 5.017
Sdng Hong 0 2.359 2.359
Sdng Ninh Ca 11.836 16.774 28.610
Song Day 5.836
0 5.836
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE i
6. Viing ti^u Nam Nam Djnh
Nam ggn frgng tinh Nam Dinh dugc gidi ban bdi sdng Hdng b phia bac, sdng Nmh Co d phia tay, biln Ddng g phia ddng va nam, bag gdm tgan bd cac huyen Hai Hau, Xuan Trudng, Giao Thuy va mdt
phin huyen True Ninh nim phia bd ta sdng Ninh Cg, cd tong dien tich tu nhien 60.952 ha, dat ndng nghiep 32.967 ha. Theg cac quy beach da lap, dien tich can tieu cua vung la 54.056 ha vdi bien phap tieu chu yeu la tu chay.
TT 1 2
Bing 6. P
TIEU VUNG Xuan Trudng + Giao Thuy Hai Hau
Tong cgng:
iin vUng theo hudng tiSu vUng Nam Nam D|nh Dien tich can tieu
(ha) 26.786 27.270 54.056
Hudng tieu (ha) Sdng Ninh Ca
- 14.134 14.134
Bien Ddng 26.786 13.136 39.922 7. VUng ti6u Bic Nmh Binh
Bao gdm dat dai cua hai huyen Nho Quan va Gia Viln (Ninh Binh), cd dien tich tu nhien 44.252 ha, dien tich can tieu 20.252 ha, dat ndng nghiep 18.445 ha. Theo bien phap tieu, he thdng thuy lgi Bac Ninh Binh cd 10.045 ha tieu tu chay (chiem 49,6% dien tich can tieu) va 10.207 ha tieu bang ddng luc.
Bing 7. Phin vtmg theo hudng ti6u - HTTL Bic Ninh Binh
Dien tich can tieu (ha)
20.252
Hudng tieu ra cac song (ha) Hoang Long
14.132
Day 3.500
Ben Dang 2.620
8. Vung ti6u Nam Nuih Binh
Nam ggn frgng tinh Ninh Binh, cd teng dien tich tu nhien 95.700 ha frong dd dat ndng nghiep 48.567 ha, dien tich can tieu 57.796 ha, bao gdm toan bd cac huyen Hea Lu, Yen Md, Yen Khanh, Kim Sen, thi xa Tam Diep, thanh phe Nmh Binh va cic xa Son Ha, Quang Lac va Phu Long huyen Nho Quan. Theo bien phap tieu, he thdng thuy lgi Nam Ninh Binh co 16.186 ha tieu ttr chay (chiem 28,0% dien tich can tieu) va 41.610 ha tieu bang ddng luc.
Bing 8. Phin vung theo hudng ti6u - HTTL Nam Nmh Binh Dien tich can
tieu (ha) 57.796
Hudng tieu ra cac sdng (ha) Day
16.350
Hoang Long 4.520
Vac 26.540
Ben Dang 4.350
Can 2.230
Chanh 3.806 9. VUng tifeu h$ thdng thuy lgi Bic Dudng
Dugc gidi ban bdi sdng Cau d phia bac va ddng bac, sdng Thai Binh d phia ddng, sdng Dudng d phia nam, sdng Ca Ld d phia tiy va tiy bac, sdng Hdng d phia tiy, bao gdm dat dai cua thanh phd Bac Ninh, thi xa TU Sgn, cac huyen Yen Pheng, Que Vd va Tien
va 4 xa thudc huyen Ddng Anh (Ha Ndi). He thdng cd tdng dien tich tu nhien 72.468 ha, frgng dd dat ndng nghiep cd 50.348 ha, dien tich can tieu 66.219 ha. Thee bien phap tieu, ca he thdng cd 53.957 ha tieu bang ddng lire (chilm 81,48% dien tich can tieu), chi cd 12.262 ha cd kha nang tieu tu chiy.
Du thudc tinh Bic Ninh, 7 xa thudc huyen Gia Lam
Bing 9. Phin vung theo hudng ti6u - HTTL Bic Dudng TIEU VUNG
Bac Ngfl Huyen Khe Nam Dudng sat Ngu Huyen Khe
Toan vimg
Dien tich can tieu (ha)
15.330 29.455 21.434 66.219
Hudng tieu ra cac song (ha) Ca Lo
6.030 0 0 6.030
Cau 9.300 17.313 1.530 28.143
Dudng 0 12.142 0 12.142
Ngu Huyen Khe 0 0 18.404 18.404
Hong 0 0 1.500 1.500 10. VUng ti6u h$ thdng thiiy lgi Bic Tliii Binh
Nam ggn frgng tinh Thai Binh, cd dien tich tu nhien 90.822 ha, freng dd dien tich can tieu cd 86.759 ha, dien tich dat ndng nghiep 60.952 ha bag gdm tgin bd eac huyen Ddng Hung, Hung Ha, Quynh Phu,
Thai Thuy va mdt phan thanh phd Thai Binh nam phia bac sdng Tra Ly. Thee bien phap tieu, he thdng cd 68.632 ha tieu tii chay (chiem 79,11% dien tich can tieu), 18.127 ha cdn Iai tieu bang dgng luc ra sdng ngoai.
1
Bane 10. P h i n vung theo hudng tifiu - HTTL B i c T h i i Binh
TIEU VUNG Ban tu chay Dpng luc
Toan vung
Dien tich can tieu (ha)
68.632 18.127 86.759
Noi nhan nudc tieu (ha) Song Luoc
0 4.733 4.733
Song Hoa 4.013 5.822 9.835
Song Tra Ly 6.807 4.415 11.222
Bien Ddng 56.509 0 56.509
Song Hong 0 3.157 3.157
Song ngi dong 1.303 - 1.303
11. VUng tifeu h$ thdng thiiy lgi Nam Thii Bmh Nam ggn frgng tinh Thai Binh, cd dien tich tu nhien 66.985 ha freng dd dien tich can tieu 56.552 ha, dat ndng nghiep 42.915 ha, bae gdm tgan bd cac huyen Vu Thu, Kiln Xueng, Tiin Hai va mdt phan
Bang 11. Phin vfuig theo hudng ti6u - HTTL Nam TTiii Binh
thanh phd Thai Binh nam phia nam sdng Tra Ly.
Theg bien phap tieu, he thdng cd 41.470 ha tieu tu chay (chiem 73,33% dien tich can tieu) vi 15.082 ha tieu bang ddng lire.
TIEU VUNG Ban tu chay Dong luc
Toan vung
Dien tich can tieu (ha) 41.470 15.082 56.552
Noi nhan nudc tieu (ha) Sdng Tra Ly
4.558 6.809 11.367
Sdng Hong 4.504 8.273 12.777
Bien Dong 32.408
0 32.408
12. Viing tieu h$ thdng thuy lgi Chi Luih
Nam ggn frgng huyen Chi Linh tinh Hai Duong cd dien tich tu nhien 28.190 ha, dien tich dat ndng nghiep 8.533 ha, dien tich can tieu 27.933 ha. Theo
bien phap tieu, he thdng cd 18.591 ha tieu ttr chay (chilm 66,56% dien tich can tieu) va 9.342 ha tieu bang ddng luc.
Bing 12. Phin vUng theo hudng ti6u - HTTL Chi Lmh
TIEU VUNG Dai Thiiy Nong Ben Tam
Le Loi - Hung Dao Toan viing
Dien tich can tieu (ha)
7.083 1 17.132
3.718 27.933
Song nhan nudc tieu (ha) Song Thuong
0 0 3.718 3.718
Kinh Thay 7.083
0 0 7.083
Dong Mai 0 17.132 0 17.132
13. Viing tieu Nam Thanh
Cd dien tich tu nhien 29.170 ha frong dd dien tich can tieu 27.541 ha, dat ndng nghiep 16.285 ha, bao gdm tgan bd dat dai cua hai huyen Nam Sach va
Bing 13. Phin vung theo hudng tifeu - HTTL Nam TTianh
Thanh Ha tinh Hai Duong. Theo bien phap tieu, he thdng chi cd 1.853 ha tieu tu chiy (chilm 6,73% dien tich can tieu), dien tich tieu bang ddng lire Ien tdi 25.688 ha, chilm 93,27%.
TT 1 2
TIEU VUNG Nam Sach Thanh Ha Cgng
Dien tich can tieu (ha)
13.106 14.435 27.541
Song nhan nudc tieu (ha) Rang
- 4.100 4.100
Kinh Thay 7.100
- 7.100
Thai Binh 6.006 5.536 11.541
Huang - 4.800 4.800
14. Viing ti6u h§ thdng thtiy lgi Kmh Mdn Nim ggn frgng huyen Kinh Mdn tinh Hai Duong cd dien tich tu nhien 16.349 ha, dien tich can tieu
Bing 14. Phin vung theo hudng tifeu - HTTL Kmh Mdn
13.629 ha, dat ndng nghiep 8.511 ha. Theo bien phap tieu, he tiidng cd 4.208 ha tieu fai chay (chiem 30,88%
dien tich can tieu), 9.421 ha cdn Iai tieu bing ddng luc.
TIEU VUNG Nhi Chieu Nam Kinh Thay Ca he thong
Dien tich can tieu (ha)
3.142 10.487 13.629
Song nhan nudc tieu (ha) Kinh Thay
2.600 2.530 5.130
Da Vach 542
0 542
Kinh Mon 0 2.280 2.280
Han Mlu 0 5.677 5.677
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
15. Vung ti6u h$ thdng thuy lgi Thuy Nguyen Nam ggn frgng huyen Thuy Nguyen thanh phd Hai Phdng cd dien tich can tieu 24.272 ha, dat ndng
Bing 15. Phin vung theo hudng tifeu - HTTL Thiiy Nguyfen
nghiep 10.549 ha. Theo bien phap tieu, he thdng thuy Igi Thuy Nguyen tieu bean tgan tii chay ra biln vi ra sdng nggai.
TIEU VUNG Bic Song Gia Dong Nam Tay Nam Ca he thong
Dien tich can tieu (ha) 6.917 7.531 9.824 24.272
Sdng nhan nudc tieu (ba) Gia
3.100 0 0 3.100
Bach Dang 3.817 2.101 0 5.918
Cam 0 5.430 9.824 15.254 16. Vtmg tifiu h$ thdng thuy lgi An Kim Hii
Khi mdi thanh lap, HTTL An Kim Hai cd dien tich til nhien 33.481 ha, freng dd dat ndng nghiep fren 16.000 ha, dien tich can tieu 26.353 ha bag gdm huyen Kim Tliinh tinh Hai Duong, huyen An Duong vi cac quan ndi thinh cua Hai Phdng nam d phia bd ti sdng Lach Tray vi bd htiu sdng Cam. Hien nay tein bd khu
Hai An, Le Chin, Heng Bing cua thinh phd Hai Phdng, cd he thdng tieu theat nudc rieng de ra bien hgac ra sdng Cam vi sdng Lach Tray. De viy pham vi quan ly cua he thdng chi cdn 21.120 ha, bag gdm dat dai cua huyen Kim Thinh tinh Hai Duong vi huyen An Dugng thinh phd Hai Phdng. He thdng cd 9.395 ha tieu tu chay (chiem 35,65% dien tich can tieu), 16.958 ha cdn lai tieu bang ddng luc.
vuc phia ddng nam cua he thdng da thinh cic quin
Bing 16. Phin vtmg theo hudng ti6u - HITL An Kim Hii TIEU VUNG
Tu chay ra sdng true An Kim Hai Tieu dgng luc ra song Cam Tieu dgng luc ra sdng Lach Tray Kim Thanh
Ca he thdng
Dien tich can tieu (ha) 4.600 5.725 5.838 10.190 26.353
Song nhan nudc tieu (ha) An Kim Hai
4.600 - - 4.795 9.395
Lach Tray - - 5.838
- 5.838
Cam - 5.725
- 5.395 11.120 17. Viing ti6u h$ thdng thuy lgi Da DO
Bag gdm dat dai cua cic huyen An Lag, Kien Thuy, cic quan De Son va Kien An thudc thanh phd Hai Phdng, cd tdng dien tich tu nhien 33.980 ha, freng
Bing 17. Phin vung theo hudng ti6u - HTTL Da DQ
dd dien tich can tieu 27.781 ha, dat ndng nghiep 17.540 ha. TTieo bien phap tieu, he thdng cd 24.256 ha tieu tu chay (chiem 87,31% dien tich can tieu), 3.525 ha cdn Iai tieu bang ddng luc ra sdng ngoii.
TT 1 2
TIEU VUNG Dgng luc Tu chay
Cgng
Dien tich can tieu (ha)
3.525 24.256 27.781
Noi nhan nudc tieu (ha) Song Lach Tray
- 5.192 5.192
Sdng Van Uc 3.525 3.802 7.327
Sdng Da Dd 0 9.174 9.174
Bien Dong 0 6.088 6.088 thdng thuy lgi Tien Lang cd tdi 93,68 % dien tich can tieu dugc tieu tii chay (15.383 ha), chi cd 1.037 ha dugc tieu bang ddng luc.
18. Viing ti6u H thdng tiiuy lgi Ti6n Ling Nam frgn ven frgng huyen Tien Lang thanh phe Hai Phdng cd dien tich ttr nhien 18.905 ha, dien tich can tieu 16.420 ha, dat ndng nghiep 10.663 ha. He
Bing 18. Phin vUng theo hudmg tifeu - HTTLTi6n Lang T T
1 2
TIEU VUNG Bac Song Mdi Nam Song Mdi
Cgng
Dien tich can tieu (ha)
1.037 15.383 16.420
Noi nhan nudc tieu (ha) Song Mdi
1.037 0 1.037
Song Thai Binh 0 6.758 7.795
Song Van Uc 0 5.716 5.716
Bi^n Ddng 0 2.909 2.909
phap tieu, he thdng cd 13.992 ha tieu tu chay, chiem 78,56% dien tich can tieu. Dien tich tieu bing ddng luc cd 3.818 ha.
19. Viing ti6u h# thdng thiiy lgi Vtnh Bio
Bao gdm toin bd huyen Vinh Bao thanh phd Hai Phdng cd dien tich tu nhien 18.060 ha, dien tich can tieu 17.810 ha, dat ndng nghiep 11.093 ha. Theo bien
Bing 19. Phin vUng theo hudng ti6u - HTTL Vmh Bio TT
1 2 3 4
TIEU VUNG
Tieu viing dong bac (7 xa phia ddng bac) Ti^u vung tay bac (5 xa phia tay bac) Tieu vung tmng tam (9 xa d giua HTTL) Tiiu 8 xa phia nam vung tieu
Cgng
Di6n tich can tieu (ha)
3.816 2.580 4.470 6.944 17.810
Noi nhan nudc tieu (ha) Song Lugc
1.238 0 0 0 1.238
Sdng Thai Binh 2.578
0 1.263 3.440 7.281
Song Hda 0 2.580 3.207 3.504 9.291 20. Viing tifiu sdng Phan - Htiu Ci Ld ^^ n^y ^o tdng dien tich tii nhien 68.770 ha, dien tich
, , , , , , can tieu 61.484 ha, dat ndng nghiep 42.132 ha. Thee Dugc gigi han boi sdng Phd Diy o phia tiy, sdng . . . v- x-. - ^~ - DL TI- /-> T •> -
, • , • , ^ , , , , , , , , bien phap tieu, vung tieu song Phan - Huu Ca Lo co Hdng g phia tiy va nam, sdng Ca Ld g phia bac va he OZ-ICOL ^~ *. u ' t,-- COOAO/J- i.-U -> t:-
, , , , , , , , , , , - • 36.153 ha tieu til chay, chiem 58,80% dien tich can tieu.
thdng thuy loi Bac Dudng g phia ddng, bao gdm mdt T-.- ^^^' L^ A- I - OC OOI U , , . , , • , ,^ „, ..r , , , - , ,' Dien tich tieu bang dong luc CO 25.331 ha.
phin dit dai cua Ha Ndi va Vinh Phuc. He thdng thuy
Bing 20. Phin vUng theo hudng ti6u - vung tita sdng Phan - Htiu Ci Ld TT
1 2
TIEU VUNG Tieu vao song Phan Tieu vao sdng Ca Lo
Cgng
Dien tich can tieu (ha) 46.073 15.411 61.484
Noi nhan nudc tieu (ha) Song Phan
46.073 0 46.073
Sdng Hong 0 0 0
Song Ca Ld 0 15.411 15.411 21. VUng ti6u Ti sdng Ci Ld
Cd tdng dien tich cin tieu 53.914 ha, freng dd cd 20.716 ha dat ndng nghiep thudc tinh Vinh Phuc va thanh phd Hi Ndi. Vung tieu niy chi cd mdt hudng tieu duy nhat Ii tieu vio sdng Ci Ld. Theo bien phap tieu, vung tieu Ta sdng Ca Ld cd 52.897 ha tieu tii chay (chilm 98,11% dien tich can tieu) vi 1.017 ha tieu bang ddng luc.
22. Vtmg ti6u Hiiu Kim Bing
Diy li vung tieu nhe thudc tinh Ha Nam, bae gdm phan dat dai cua cic huyen Kim Bang, Thanh Liem vi thanh phe Phu Ly nam b phia bd htiu sdng Day, cd dien tich tu nhien 15.186 ha, dien tich cin tieu 3.473 ha. Nei nhin nudc tieu li sdng Diy, bien phip tidu bang ddng luc.
23. Cic khu vuc khic
Nggii 22 vung tieu da dn dinh tuong ddi ve mat quy beach va bien phap tieu ndi fren, vung ddng bang Bic bd cdn mdt sd khu vuc tieu hgan tgan ttt nhien, chua cd nhu cau tieu bang cdng frinh thuy Igi, cd tdng dien tich la 73.059 ha. Dd la cac khu vuc sau:
a) Khu vuc trung du miin nui phia Tay Bac Vinh PhUc, nei cd dia hmh cag vi ddc ve cac sdng nen
tein bd khu vuc nay dugc tieu tu chay ra sdng Ld, sdng Phd Day vi sdng Ci Ld. Trong cac du in quy hoach tieu thi khu vuc niy it dugc quan tim nghien Cliu; b) Cic die thudc pham vi quan ly cua mdt sd tinh ven bien.
IV. MOT SO TiNH CHAT CUA CAC HE THONG THUY LO! VUNG DONG BANG BAC BO
1. Tinh ddng nhit v^ cao dO mit dit hi nhi^n Vung ddng bang Bic bd dugc tag thanh dg qua trinh bdi tu phu sa cua he thdng sdng Hdng vi sdng Thai Binh, chenh lech ve cag dd giua cac khu vuc khdng nhiiu. Phan ldn vung ddng bang cd cao dd tii 0,4 m den 12,0 m, freng dd dudi 2,0 m chilm tdi 39%
vi dudi 4,0 m chiem 55,8%. Cac khu vuc trung thap chilm ty le ldn thudng tap trung ven sdng sudi noi cd cao do ttr nhien thap hen muc nudc sdng frgng mua mua lu nen khdng cd kha nang tu tieu theat ma phii dua vag bien phap tieu bang ddng luc.
2. Tinh tuong hd vi phu thudc lln nhau
Trai qua hang ngan nam chdng chgi vdi thien nhien, ngudi dan ddng bang Bac bd da xiy dung dugc mdt he thdng de diiu va bd vung nhin tao diy die, tao thanh nhiing khu vuc tuong ddi ddc lap Iin
KHOA HOC CbNG NGHl
nhau. Tuy nhien, do cd dia hinh trung thap, bi chia cat manh bdi mang ludi sdng ngdi day dac cUng vdi dac diim hmh thanh, qua trinh ra sgat bd sung quy hgach, qua frinh quan ly khai thac ma phan ldn cac he thdng thuy lgi thudng khdng phai la nhUng he thdng tieu ddc lap ma giua chUng deu cd cac mdi quan he qua lai, lien thdng va anh hudng Iin nhau.
Thuc te hau nhu khdng cd su phan chia rd rang luu vuc tieu cua cac cdng frinh tieu dau mdi (cdng tieu tu chay va fram bom tieu) cung nhu cua cac kenh va cdng frinh fren he thdng tieu.
3. Tinh die thU rifing
Trudc day cac he thdng thuy lgi diu cd chung nhiem vu cap nudc tudi va tieu nudc phuc vu phat frien ndng nghiep - ndng thdn. Ngay nay thee xu hudng phat frien kinh te - xa hdi, cic he thdng thuy Igi nay cdn cd nhiem vu dam bao cap nudc va tieu nudc cho cac khu dd thi, khu cdng nghiep va cac nganh kinh te cd mat frong he thdng. Mac du vay, tiiy thudc vao dac diem hinh thanh ma tinh chat cua mdi he thdng thuy Igi cd su khac nhau dang ke.
a) Khde nhau vi nhiem vii
Cd he thdng thuy lgi lay nhiem vu cap nudc tudi chg ndng nghiep la chinh cdn tieu la kit hgp. Ngugc Iai cd he thdng thi nhiem vu tieu nudc cho ndng nghiep la chinh cdn cap nudc tudi la kit hgp. Cd he thdng thi ca hai nhiem vu tudi va tieu cho ndng nghiep ngang nhau. Cd he thdng ngoai nhiem vu tudi tieu cho ndng nghiep cdn cd them nhiem vu cap nudc vi tieu nudc chg nhu ciu sinh hgat, che cdng nghiep va cac nganh kuih te khac. Cd khdng it he thdng cd nhiem vu tieu nudc cho cac khu cdng nghiep va dd thi cdn ldn hon ca yeu cau tieu nudc che ndng nghiep, v.v...
b) Khde nhau vi bien phdp tieu nu&c
Cd he thdng tieu hoan toan tu chay hoac ban tu chay ra cic true tieu vi noi nhan nudc tieu. Cd he thdng tieu hoan toan bang ddng luc. Cd he thdng ddng thdi tdn tai ca hai bien phap la tieu ddng luc va tieu frgng luc...
c) Khac nhau vi nguon cdp nu&c
Ngudn nudc cung cap cho cac he thdng thuy lgi cd the dugc lay true tiep tii sdng sudi qua cdng lay nudc, tii dap dang kit hgp cdng lay nudc hoac tii fram bom. Cd he thdng dugc cap nudc bing ca hai ngudn: tu chay va bom...
d) Khde nhau vi phuang thuc qudn ly, khai thdc vd su dung ddt
Cic he thdng thuy lgi thudng cd nhiiu ddi tugng tudi va tieu nudc khac nhau vdi nhu cau cap nudc va tieu nudc khac nhau, cd phuong thUc su dung va ty !§
su dung dat khac nhau. Tuy thudc vig quy md, tinh chat va nhiem vu cua mdi he thdng, frinh dd san xuat tham canh cua timg vung ma cdng tic td chUc quan ly khai thac va su dung dat cung cd su khic nhau dang kl.
Nhu vay, mac dU cung thudc ddng bang Bac bp nhtmg do tinh dac thu rieng ma bien phip thuy lgi giai quyit tieu ung cho tiing vUng vi tiing he thdng thuy lgi cung khac nhau.
4. Tinh uu ti^n cua bif n phip tita
Tieu Ung dang la mdt van dl xa hdi rat Idn, la nhu ciu cap bach hien nay. Dei vdi san xuat ndng nghiep, phan Idn cac fram bom da va dang xiy dung frong nhung nam qua tuy deu cd nhiem vu tudi tieu kit hgp xeng xet ve mdt khia canh nag dd thi tieu ung vin la nhiem vu quan frgng hon ca. TU hang chuc nam nay fren hau hit cac he thdng thuy lgi, hang Igat cac kenh tudi trudc day chi lam nhiem vu chuyen tai nudc tiroi thi nay da dugc nag vet, ha thap cae dd Idng dan de biln nd thanh kenh tudi tieu kit hgp.
Hau hit cic vung trung thap trudc day khi chua cd cdng frinh tieu Ung chi cay dugc mdt vu liia chiem, be hda vu mua thi nay da thanh vung giee cay hai vu tham chi ba vu vdi nang suit cao va on dinh.
Nhieu nei vu ddng da frd thanh vu san xuit chinh.
Giai quyit tieu ung da tag diiu kien thuin lgi ve nudc de phat frien san xuat ndng nghiep, gdp phan quyet dinh Iam thay dei tgan dien bd mat ndng thdn vung ddng bing Bac bd frong nhiiu thap ky vua qua.
Trong nhiing nam gan day khi ca nudc dang ddn sUc cho muc tieu phan dau den nam 2020 frd thanh nudc cdng nghiep thi fren hau khap cic he thdng thuy Igi cung dang diin ra qua frinh cdng nghiep hda va dd thi hda rat manh me. Dien tich dat ndng nghidp giam dan, dat dd thi va dat cdng nghiep tang len timg ngay. Nhu ciu tieu thoat nudc cho cac khu vtrc nay dang frg nen cap bach hon bao gid hit. Ngoii yeu cau dam bao tieu nudc cho cac khu vuc ndng nghiep va ndng thdn nhu trudc diy, cac he thdng thuy lgi hien nay diu cd nhiem vu dam bao tieu nudc chu ddng cho cac khu vuc cdng nghiep va dd thi da va dang xay dimg freng cac he thdng thuy Igi.
<o- pa P3
I f
I I
a- a
-^
I I
I
Chua cd cdng trinh tieu (ha)
Cd cdng trinh (ha)
lo"
bo a
<o- ffl
Tu chay (ha) Tieu chua chu dgng Tieu chii dgng Song ngi dong Rasdng ngoai Ban hi chay Hoan toan
Dien tich can tieu (ha) Dien tich tu nhien (ha) He thdng thuy lgi (viing tieu)
^
8.200 7.927 J 50.680 27.151 17.245
o
22.411 66.807 191.510 Tich-Thanh Ha
T-H
o
14.110 93.420 44.562 62.968
o
o
107.530 107.530 Song Nhue
CM O
23.955 168.070 113.636 60.349
o
18.040 192.025 200.230 Bac Hung Hai
CO
o
29.536 55.790
o
85.326
o
o
85.326 95.780 Bac Nam Ha
'^
o
5.612 36.210
o
11.472 30.350
o
41.822 46.779 Trung Nam Dinh
in
o
10.796 43.260
o
o
54.056
o
54.056 60.952 Nam Nam Dinh
to
7.332 3.280 9.640
o
10.207
o
10.045 20.252 44.252 Bac Ninh Binh
t^~
4.386 13.740 39.670 31.110 10.500 7.066 9.120 57.796 95.700 Nam Ninh Binh
00
o
16.649 49.570 11.754 42.203
o
12.262 66.219 72.468 Bac Dudng
cn o
11.449 75.310
o
18.127 68.632
o
86.759 90.822 Bac Thai Binh
o o
9.512 47.040
o
15.082 41.470
o
56.552 66.896 Nam Thai Binh
1-H
o
3.403 24.530 1.665 7.677 3.832 14.759 27.933 28.190 Chi Linh
CM
o
8.291 19.250
o
25.688
o
1.853 27.541 29.170 Nam Thanh
CO
o
3.302 10.327 2.359 7.062 4.208
o
13.629 16.349 Kinh Mdn
•*
o
^ 9.532 14.740
o
o
16.141 8.131 24.272 24.272 Thiiy Nguyen
in
o
5.243 2L110
o
16.958 9.395
o
26.353 33.481 An Kim Hai
to
o
4.921 22.860
o
3.525 24.256
o
27.781 33.980 DaDd
t^~
o
4.980 11.440
o
1.037 15.383
o
16.420 18.900 Tien Lang
00
o
5.010 12.800
o
3.818 13.992
o
17.810 18.060 Vinh Bao
Ol 00
7.900 46.100 14.848 10.483
o
36.153 61.484 68.770 Song Phan - Hiiu Ca Ld
o
CM
1.632 2.302 • 49.980
o
1.017
o
52.897 53.914 53.914 Ta song Ca Ld
T-H
CJ O
1.893 1.580
o
3.473
o
o
3.473 15.186 Hiru Kim Bang
CJ CM
O
O
O
50.000 50.000 73.059 Khu vuc khac
CO CJ
29.034 203.343 903.377 247.085 414.217 288.781 235.671 1.185.754 1.486.250 Tong cong (ha) 2,45 17,15 76,19 20,84 34,93 24,35 19,88
o o
T-H
Ty le (%)
-SS cs
I I
I
s
»cw.
>c
i
2
"S
1—I ^ ~ ' ••-»
-5s
•te
s
s
<cw.
•s
Ci s
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
V. KET LUAN
Hien nay cac cdng frinh thtiy lgi da cd d ddng bang Bac bd mdi chi tieu chu ddng khoang fren 903.000 ha va tieu chua chti ddng fren 203.000 ha.
Vin cdn khgang 30.000 ha chua cd cdng frinh tieu.
Trung binh mdi nam vung ddng bang Bic bd cd tren 100.000 ha dat canh tac hi ung, frgng sd dd dien tich mat frang chiem khoang 15% - 20%. Cung vdi su phat frien kinh te - xa hdi va cac bien ddng ve thien nhien ma dien tich tieu tu chay fren hau het cac viing thuy Igi hi thu hep dan cdn tieu bang ddng luc ngay mdt nhieu len. So vdi each day gan 10 nam tdng dien tich tieu tu chay va ban tu chay ctia 22 viing da giam fren 94.000 ha (nhimg nam cudi ctia the ky XX cd 568.575 ha tieu tu chay, hien nay chi cdn 474.452 ha, bang 41,77% dien tich can tieu). Dudi tac ddng cua bien ddi khi hau toan cau, neu muc nudc bien dang cao nhu du bao thi den cudi theky ndy todn bg viing dong bdng Bac bo sephdi tieu hodn todn bang dgng luc.
TAI UEU THAM KHAO
(1) Hdi Bag ve Thien nhien va Mdi trudng Viet
Nam. Hdi thag Bien ddi khi hau tgan cau va giai phap ling phd cua Viet Nam. Ha Ndi 26-29/2/2008.
(2) Le Quang Vinh. Nghien ciiu, tdng k^t va danh gia thtre frang phan vting tieu nudc mat b mdt sd he thdng thiiy ndng ddng bang Bac bd. De tai NCKH cap Bd. Ha Ndi - 2001.
(3) Le Quang Vinh, Le Thi Thanh Tluiy. Danh gia tdng quan hien frang tieu nudc mat viing ddng bang Bac bd - Bag cao ket qua nghien cuu chuyen de - De tai khga hgc cap Bd "Nghien cuu anh hudng cua cdng nghiep hda va dd thi hda den he sd tieu viing ddng bang Bac bd" giai dgan 2008 - 2010.
(4) Vien Quy hgach Thtiy lgi. Quy hgach sti dung tdng hgp ngudn nudc luu virc sdng Hdng - sdng Thai Binh. Ha Ndi - 2006.
(5) Vien Quy hgach Thiiy lgi. Ra sgat quy hgach thuy lgi he tiidng Bac Hung Hai. Ha Ndi - 2008.
(6) Cac tai lieu quy hgach thuy lgi khac dg Vien Quy hgach Thuy lgi, Trudng Dai hgc Hiuy Igi va mdt sd dgn vi tu van dia phuong thuc hien frgng nhung nam gan day.
SEVERAL SCENTTFIC RESEARCH RESULTS ON DRAINAGE ZONING AND SURFACE DRAINAGE MEASURES
Le Quang-Vinh, Le Thi Thanh Thuy Summary
Experiencing decades of constructing irrigation works, in the Northern delta there are 22 irrigation areas differ from each other about scales as well as drainage measures. This paper will infroduce briefly several results of the study on existing situations of the drainage separation, surface drainage measures and a number of features of water resources systems that affect the two former factors. This article also proposes several petitions about drainage zoning which will be applied to the Northern delta.
Keywords: Northern delta, irrigation areas, drainage zoning, drainage separation, drainage measures.
Ngudi ph4n bi§n: PTS. TS. Trin Vi^t 6 n
