TLP DONG CLPU D\NH

- —'-' -"'IN NGHIEN Cliu-TRAO B O I

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BANG THU'C NGHIEM

RESEACH TO DETERMINE TIME OF GEARSHIFT OF MECHANICAL AND AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION BY EXPERIMENTAL METHOD

TS. Nguyen St Dinh, KS. Tran Thanh Lam, KS. La Quoc Tiep Hoe vien Ky thu^t Quan su

TOM TAT

Ngdy nay, vai suphdt triin vuot bdc cua khoa hoc - cdng nghe. he thdng truyen luc tren 6 td da cd su thay doi rdt ldn ve kit cdu cUng nhu nguyen ly ldm viec, dac biet la cum hop sd. Thai diem sang so ciia hop so dnh huong rdt ldn den dgc tinh ddng luc hoc vd tinh ndng tdng tdc cita 6 td. Hien nay, cd rdt nhieu nghien cuu ve vdn de ndy tren the gidi, nhung a nude ta. cdc nghien cm ve ddng hoc hop sd ca khi thuang vd hgp sd tu dong chu yeu tren ly thuyet vd md phdng. Bdi bao trinh bdy viec nghien cuu dgng hgc hop sd de xdc dinh thdi diem sang sd bdng phucmg phdp thuc nghiem tren xe thuc.

Tir khoa: Hop sd ca khi thuang; Hop sd tie dgng; Thai diem sang sd.

ABSTRACT

Nowaday, with development of science and technology in the world, drivetrain in vehicles has been a huge change in structure and working principle, especially transmission. Time of gearshift has a huge effection to dynamics characteristic and acceleration feature of vehicle. Has a lot of reseach on time of gearshift in the world. However, in Vietnam, reseach the issue mostly theorical reseach and simulation. Thepaper refers a experimental method to reseach kinematics characteristic of transmission to determine time of gearshift.

Keywords: Mechanical transmission, automatic transmission, time of gearshift.

ISSN 0866 - 7056

TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, S6 l + 2 n a m 2 0 1 6 www.cokhivietnam.vn

NGHIEN CUTU-TRAO Ddi

1. D^T VAN BE

Hgp SO la m6t trong nhung cum quan trpng trong he th6ng truygn lire. Ngay nay, voi SU phat trien ciia khoa hpc c6ng n^he, hop s6 tu dpng dang d5n thay the cac hop so ca khi truy§n thong. Viec nghien ciru thai diSm sang s6 ciia hop so ti; dpng khong hh dan gian, khi ma viec sang so ciing nhu cac ch^ dp lam viec phu thupc kha nhieu vao sue can chuj^^n dpng cua mat duong. De co dugc cai nhin tdng quan va su am hieu sau sac ve hop so co khi thuang, cung nhu hop so tu dpng, doi hoi cac nha nghien ciiu, phai xac dinh duqc cac dac tinh dgng hpc cua hop s6 b ^ g ly thuySt, co kiem chiing bang thuc nghiem lam CO so de danh gia cac van 6k tidp theo nhu thai diem saiig so toi uu, xay dung gian d6 sang so cho h6p so tir ddng. Viec khao sat cac ch^ do lam viec cua hop so t\r dgng va hop s6 ca khi thuang thong qua thuc nghiem a cac co so dao tao a nuac ta con nhieu ban che. Vi vay, v4n dh, khao sat tiiuc nghiem dong hoc cua hop s6 la mpt van de quan trpng, cap thiet hien nay.

2. CAC M 6 HINH DIEU KHIEN SANG SO 2.1. Tong quan chung

^ Qua trinh dieu khien sang s6 la mpt qua ttinh rit phiic tap, g6m nhiiu npi dung nhu chpn thai diem sang s6, dioi gian sang so, qua trinh ra so, qua trinh vao s6 v.v...Tuy nhien, co thg chia ra thanh hai phan ngi dung chinh la: Chpn thai diem sang so va dieu khien qua trinh sang so.

Day chinh la hai pha ciia qua trinh dieu khien sang so ciia hpp so, trong do npi dung chpn thoi diem sang so la pha truac va thuc hien nhiem vu l\ra chgn thcri diem thich bgp de co the phat lenh hoac bat diu thuc hien qua trinh sang so. Khi da xac dinh dugc thai diem sang so thi eac cong doan con lai dugc thuc hien tiep theo do la pha sau: Dieu khien qua trinh sang so.

2.2. Mo hinh dilu khiln sang so cua h9p so thdng thuong va ban ty dpng

Mo hinh dilu khien sang s6 hop s6 thong thuang va ban tu dpng dugc mo ta tren hinh 1.

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Hinh 1. Mo hinh dieu khiin sang so thdng thuang vd bdn tu dgng

Tren cac xe eo he thong dieu khien sang so thong thucmg va ban tu dgng, trong qua trinh dieu khien xe, ngucri lai xe cam nhan van t6c hien thai ciia xe, tai cua dpng ca va bang ky nang van hanh cua minh ma tu lira chpn thai diem sang so de duy tri chuyen dpng cua xe theo y muon. Nhu vay, nguoi lai xe dong vai tro khdi thu nhan tin hieu ve dac diem chuyen dgng, chS dp lam viec cua dpng ea, xu ly chiing va dua ra quyet dinh CO tien hanh sang so hay khong. He thong dieu khien sang so kieu nay co miic dp tu do rat Ion trong vipc lua chpn thai diem sang s6, nhung de chuyen dpng ciia xe co the dat dugc yeu cau theo mpt chi tieu nao do, nguoi lai xe phai co kinh nghiem nghe nghiep va mgt ky nang hh siic thuan thuc. Nhu vay, viec lua chpn thoi diem sang so chiu su chi phoi rat lan bai yeu to con nguai va rat dinh tinh, kh6 bao dam chit lugng keo, chat lugng van toe diing dugc theo chi tieu dinh truoc. Mo hinh nay dugc sir dung pho bi^n tren cac loai su dung he thong truyen luc co khi thong thuang.

2.3. Mo hinh dieu khien sang so tir dong Mo hinh dieu khien sang so tu dpng dupe mo ta tren hinh 2.

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ISSN 0866 - 7056

TAP CHi CO KHI VIET NAM, S6 1+2 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn

NGHIEN ClJfU - TRAO DPl ^ ^ i

Doi vai cac xe co he thong dieu khien sang so tu dpng, nguoi lai xe dugc giai phong hoan toan khoi viec dieu khien so trong khoang tung tay s6- Viec lira chgn thai diem sang so dugc thuc hien tu dgng theo nhung quy luat vach san {gian dd sang s6). Gian do sang so (Shift map) la tap hpp cac gia tri van toe can thiet cua xe iing vai cac vi hi cua he thong cung cap nhien lieu (tir day se dugc ggi tat la goc mo buam ga) ma khi do can phai sang so (tiic la tap hgp cac thai diem sang so da dugc tinh truoc) de chuyen dpng ciia xe dat dugc theo chi tieu da dinh.

Gian do sang so dugc xay dung theo mot hoac mpt so chi tieu chuyen dpng nao d6. He thong dieu khien doi chieu van toe ciia xe vdi gia tri van toe tinh duge theo gian do sang so iing voi gia tri g6c mo buam ga hien thai, neu du dieu kien thi se phat lenh eho ca cau chap hanh bat diu tien hanh sang so. Nhu vay, viec lua chpn thai diem sang so dugc thuc hien mpt each tu dpng, khong chiu su chi phoi cua yeu to con ngudi va ludn bao dam chinh xac theo cac quy luat djnh trudc mdt each dinh lugng.

3. KET QUA NGHIEN CUtJ THlTC NGHIEM 3.1. Sa do md hinh thi nghifm

Thiet bi thi nghiem gdm: Cam biln VI, cam biln HHT13, may tinh DEWETRON 3020, may chan doan G-Scan.

- Md hinh thi nghiem:

CagCAHHTU-l

Hinh 3. Sa dd ket ndi thiet bi cdm bien

Hinh 4. Sa do vi tn lap ddt cdm bien tren 6 to trang bi he thdng truyen luc ttr dgng:

1) Vi tri cdm biin VI; 2,3) Vi tri cdm biin OMEGA;

4)Vi tri thiet bi chan dodn G-SCAN 3.2. Ket qua thi nghieni va ban luan

D 6 Tm T6C D0 DONG CO LXNBOU

T 6 C D 6 I > 6 N G C 0 ULSBOfZ

ISSN 0866 7056

TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, Sd l+2nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn

NGHIEN CUfU - TRAO D O I

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Hinh 5. Kit qud do dgng hgc 3 to UAZ-31512

D 6 THI TANG T 6 C CIJA 6 Td LXNBDI

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ifm/i tf. ife'/ qud do ddng hgc 6 to TOYOTA YARIS

ISSN 0866 - 7056

TAP CHi CO KHI VIET NAM, Sd 1+2 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn

NGHIEN CUfU - TRAO OPi

Nhdn xet:

KSt qua thi nghiem cho thiy, d6i voi UAZ-31512 dugc trang bi hop s6 c c khi thucmg, thoi diem sang s5 tu s6 1 len s6 2 njm trong khoang tvr 13+14s, tir so 2 len so 3 trong khoang 27-s-28s v a t i r s 6 3 1 e n s 6 4 trong khoang 4{H-4 I s v a k h o n g p h u t h u p c v a o v a n t o c cua xe ma phu thuoc vao nguoi lai. Con d6i voi 6 to Toyota yaris sir dung hop s6 tir dgng thoi diSm sang s6 va thM gian sang s6 d6i voi cac 15n do khong khac nhau nhieu va rat kho de xac dinh chinh xac chung do qua triah sang s6 khong phu thupc vao nguoi lai ma chu yeu phu thupc vao dp mo buom ga va siic can chuyin dpng cua ducmg. Khi dp mo buom ga la 100% thi thoi diem sang s6 khi van toe xe dat khoang 35 km/h va khoang 63km/h. •

Ngay nhan bai: 12/01/2016 Ngay phan bien: 18/02/2016

Tai Ufu tham khao:

[1]. Vu Due Lap; Thi nghiem xe, HVKTQS (2003).

[2]. Luu The Vinh (2007); Gido trinh do ludng - cdm biin, NXB. Bai hgc Qu6c gia TP. H6 CU Minh.

[3]. DASYLAB 12 Manual and user Guide.

[4]. J. Y. WONG. Theory of Ground Vehicles (Second Edition). Ph.D., D.Sc. John Wiley & Sons, INC.

[5]. Thomas D. Gillespie. Fundamentals Of Vehicle Dynamics. Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. PA 15096-0001.

[6]. Reza N. Jazar. Vehicle Dynamics: Theory and Applications. 2008 Springer

ISSN 0866 - 7056

TAP CHi CO KHl VIET NAM, S6 1+2 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn