^ I N H DUOTNG \ -\ THUC AN CH \ • ^^^^
ANH Hl/ONG CUA PROBIOTIC LEN KHA NANG SINH TRLfONG CUA VIT TROI GIAI DOAN 2-12 TUAN T u 6 l
Lim Vidi Himg". Le Vianh Phu', Ly Vii Viu Lan' vd Xgm/^n Vii Aid> T'"''' N g a y n h a n bai bao: 21/02/2019 - N g a y n b a n bai p h a n bien: UV0.3/2lil9
Xg.i\ bai b a o d u p c cha'p n h g n d a n g : 14/04/20U' T O M T A T
Tdng so'63 vjt Trdi Iuc 3 tuan tudi d u p c bo tri theo tbe thiic hoan loan ngau nhien \ <'i 3 nghiem tbiic (NT), 3 lan i^p l^i va mdi don vj thi nghiem gom 7 con dirpc su d y n g de danh gi'i kha n.mg tieu thy thuc an (TTTA), tang khdi iugng co the (TKL) va he so chuyen hda thuc an (FCR) klu bo sung Probiotic vao khau phan thuc an giai doan tii 3 den 11 tuan tudi. \'il thi nghiem d u g c nuoi b^ng khau phan dinh d u o n g giohg nhau, trong do nang lupng h-ao doi 3.000 kcal/kg thuc an, protein tho 17%, nhung khac nhau ve miic t»d sung Probiotic vao thuc an (0; 0.2; 0,4%). Vjt Trdi d u p c an va uong nuoc ty do, dupc phdng benh va d u p c nudi tren san kem. Ke't qua nghien cuu cho thay vjt Trdi dat t\ le nuoi song 100%; kha nang tieu thy thuc an khdng khac biet (P>0,05)^nliung sy tieu thy thiic an cua vit Trdi cd khuynh h u d n g tang dan d cac tuan thi nghiem. Tuy nhien, TKL va FCR dupc cai thien (P<0,05) lan lupt la tang hi' 111,8 len 122,2 g/con/tuiin va giam FCR tir 5,29 xudng 4,82g TA/g TKL khi bd sung 0,2% Probiotic vao thiic an.
Til khoa: vil Trdi. Probiotic. TKL, FCR.
ABSTRACT
Effect of supplimenting Probiotic on growth performance of Troi ducks from 2 to 11 w e e k s of age
A total of 63 Troi ducks at 3 week-old was designed in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments, 3 replicates, and 7 birds per each replicate to evaiuate feed intake ability (FIA), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) when adding Probiotic to duck's diet h o m 3 to 11 wivk.'. of age. Birds were fed by the diets containing with the same nutritional value, in which metabolizable energy 3,000 kcal/kg feed and crude protein 17%, but the ducks' diet differed in supplementation of Probiotic ratio (0, 0,2, 0,4%), Troi ducks were fed and d r u n k ad bilitum;
prevented some common diseases; confined on the zinc floor Results showed that birds had 100%
survival rate; and birds' feed consumption ability were not different (P>0,05), but there were a gradual increasing of feed intake of ducks in during trial. However, BWG and FCR were improved (P<0.05) from 111.8 g/bird/week up to 122.2 g/bird/week and from 5.29 d o w n to 4.82g of feed per g of BWG respectively when adding 0.2% Probiohc to the diet
Keyword Troi duck, Probiotic, BWG, FCR.
1. BAT VAN DE vit Trdi la n g u o n c u n g ca'p t h y e p h a m ed gia h j ., , T '• v I •• A' ' . u J - -• f^'i* d u d n g eao c h o eon n g u d i tbi vjt Trdi p h a i lU- J Z r ' T^ ™ J u ' ' ° " ^ . d " ' ' c n u o i n h u v a i n u o i du>?c t h u a n h o a k h a c .
* a n l i h,v d a n , hien d a n g g i a m n h a n h v e s o g . ^ ^^^ j ^ _ ^ ^ , j „ H J ^ (hu Ihil d o n g v a t lugmg d o tinh h a n g san bat ciia con n g u d i . h o a n g d a d Viet N a m n g a y c a n g t a n g . T h i t vjt CTing n b u d i e u kien bien d d i khi h a u tren trai -^^^ ^^^^ ^ ^ ^ gi^ n g o n d o ra't it m d va n h i e u dat, m o i h u o n g s o n g bi thu h e p va n g u o n thiic ^^^ ^^^ n g u d i tieu t h u rat u a e h u y n g . a n can kiet. D e n g a n can k h a n a n g b i e n m a t cua ^ ^ ^ - ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ n n u d i vit Trdi n g a y c a n e Ioai vit Trdi d Viet N a m h o n g h r o n g Iai va g i u ^ . ^ ^ ^- ^ 5 i t r u d n g n u d i k h d n g g i d h g n h u ' Truong Dai hoc Tra Vinh m d i t f u d n g h o a n g da, d a y ed t h e lam p h a t
• Tac gia lien he TS. Um Thai Hiing, Truong khoa Khoa ^ j ^ n h u n g m a m b e n h n h u vi k h u a n Pai/
Nung nghiep - Thuv san, Tnjone Dai hoc Tra Vinh, . , . ,_.. , , •- ,. r- • " "
DT^1W26^I4; Email Ithung^-u edu vn ''""'^ ' * " " " ' ' ^"'^ ^"'^ ^ ^"'' *="'""•"-""
4g f^uk'T Chdn nuoi so 245 - ihdns 6 nam
DINH DU'ONG VA THU'C AN CHAN NUOI
Clostridium perfi-ingens va Campylobacter spp, nd cd die la mpt hong nhung nguyen nhan eo ban lam giam nang sua't va giam hieu qua chan nudi (Patterson va ctv, 2003). De han che'nhimg tdn bgi dd, vira qua khang sinh da dugc sii dyng nhung viec lam dimg khang sinh trong cban nudi gay tae hai de'n siic khde ngu'di tieu dimg. Probiotic la thanh phan bd sung vi sinh v^t sdhg ed tae dyng tang cudng sue khoe vat ehu tbdng qua viee cai thien su ean bang eiia be vi smh vat dudng tieu hda (Vicente va etv, 2007). Cho nen, viec nghien oiu "Anh hudng eiia Probiotics Ien kha nang sinh trudng cua vjt Trdi giai doan 2-12 tuan tud'i", nham xac dinh tae dpng cua Probiotic len kha nang sinh tmdng eua vjt Trdi la can thiet.
2. VAT L|£U VA PHIffiNG PHAP N G H | £ N CUTU 2.1 Thdi gian va dia diem
Tbi nghiem duge thye hien tai hai Thuc Nghiem chan nudi Thu Y - Tnrdng Dai hpc Tra Vinb, hr tiiang 12/2017 de'n tiiang 06/2018.
2.2. Bo trf thi nghiem
Thi ngbiem dugc bo tri theo the thuc hoan toan ngau nhien vdi 3 nghiem thiic (NT) va 3 lan Igp Iai. Cac NT khac nliau bdi 03 muc bo sung Probiotic (0, 0,2, 0,4%), Vit Trdi trudc khi dua vao thi nghiem deu duge nudi um de'n he't 2 tuan tud'i (14 ngay tudi), Mdi dan vi thi nghiem cd 7 con (khdng phan biet hd'ng mai) va khdi lugng co the (KL) cua vit Trdi d cac NT tuong duong nliau. Vit dugc nudi dugng, cbo an, uo'ng h^ do va ky thuat cham sdc nhu nhau. Vjt dupc tiem vSe xin dich ta lue 3 va 21 ngay tud'i; tiem vac xin eiim gia cam va tu huye't triing lue 17 va 40 ngay tuoi,
Chuong trai tbi ngbiem: Vit thi nghiem dugc nudi hen san ludi kem vdi dien rich mdi don \'i thi nghiem la 3,75m- (l,5x2,5m) va vach ngan bang ludi B40 cao Im, Chuong dupc xay dung tren ao va each mat nudc 0,5m. Phan san chudng dirge lap dat mai che va dupc che chan xung quanh vao budi tdi de tranh mua va gid lua, Chuong nudi dugc phun sat trimg 2 lan/hian.
77iifc dn thi ngluem: Thiic an dugc dimg cho vit thi nghiem giai doan 3-11 hian tuoi
cbiia 14% vat chat khd, nang lugng trao ddi (ME) 3.000 keal/kg TA, protein thd (CP) 17%, xo thd 5%, canxi 1,2%, phospho tdng so 0,8%, lysin tdng so 0,8% va methionin + cystin tong sd0,6%.
Probiotic dugc bo sung vao khau phan cd thanh phan nhu do am 9%, phytase 124,700FYT, protease 6.000IU, amylase 2.000IU, cellulase 18 000IU, xylanase 14,000rU, Lactobacillus acidophilus 108-109 CFU, Bacillus subtilis 108- 109 CFU, Saccbaromyces 108-109 CFU.
Probiotic duge trdn vao thiic an hang ngay trudc khi cho vit an vdi ty le 0; 0,2; 0,4%.
Cdc cbi tieu ngbien cim: Cac ehi tieu dupc danh gia gdm ty le nudi sd'ng, kha nang tieu thy thlic an, TKL, he so ehuySi hda thue an (FCR).
Ta't ca vit thi nghiem deu duge can vao dau, ke't thue thi nghiem va hang tuan de tinh TKL.
Lugng TA dugc can trudc khi eho an va thua hang ngay, de tinh kha nang tieu thu thlic an.
2.3. Xii ly sd lieu
Sd'lieu dupe xir ly thd'ng ke bang ANOVA- General Linear Model va so sanh su khac biet trung binh giii'a eac nghiem thue bang Tukey cua phan mem Minitab verson 13.2 (2000).
S.K^TQUAVATHAOLUAN 3.1. Ty Ie nudi sdng ciia vit Trdi
Trong 9 tuan thi nghiem, ty le nudi sd'ng eiia vit Trdi dat 100%. Nguyen nhan lam cho ty le nudi sd'ng cua vit Trdi cao la do vit Trdi khac vdi cac loai gia cam khac, vit Trdi edn mang tinh hoang da cao nen sue sd'ng td't va klia nang thich nghi td't doi vdi mdi trudng sdng (Khajarem, 1990), Ngoai ra, thdi gian thuc hien thi nghiem tuang ddi ng3n, vit dugc cham sdc va phdng benh tot, chudng trai duge ve sinh, sat trimg dinh ky nen ty le nudi sd'ng eua \it Trdi cao. Ket qua bao cao cua Vicente va et\' (2007) 6.a cho thay Probiotic chua thanh phan laetobacillus-based huu dung lam giam ty le che't d cac trai ga thuong mai cd y nghia so vdi khdng bd sung Probiotic.
i 2019
DINH n a O N G \ . \ THUC .\N CH ,!^Cv.
Ke't qua ngbien ciiu tren cao hon ke't cjua 97,62"o cua Doan Thi Lien (2010) tai ndng hp cho t\' le nudi sdng ciia vit Bau canh trang khi nudi hen can; Nguven Due Hung va Lv Van Vy (2012) thi nghiem t^i Binh Dinb cho bie't ty Ie nudi sd'ng cua vit thuong pham C\' Super .\I2 la 98,5%; Nguyin Diic Trpng va ctv (2007) cdng bd' ty le nudi sd'ng ciia \it Super M3 dng ba nhap npi 0-8 tuan tuoi ddng trdng la 97,4-98,11",> va ddng mai la 97,35-100%; Le Sy Cucmg (2010) aing cho biet t)' le nudi song CLia vit lai thuang pbam 4 ddng CV Super M (T1546) dgt 96,67-100%; Duong Xuan Tuyen va ch/ (2008), tbi nghiC'm tren vit CV Super M nudi kbd cd ty Ie nudi sdng lo 97,2"n \h vit CV 2000 nudi khd la 97,1';D; Nguyen Due Trpng va cK' (2005) cho biet vit C\' Super M2 cd ty- le nudi sd'ng ddng trdng d^t 97,62-99,31% va ddng mai dat 98,69-100%. Nghien eiiu cua Ly Van Vy va Nguyen Due Hung (2009) cho bie't ty le nudi sd'ng cda vit CV Super M giai doan 2-8 hian hidi dgt 9S,65-99,32"n Nbu vay, ty Ie nudi sd'ng cua vit Trdi ciing cao hem eac gidng vit npi khac nhu vjt Muc la 96,05%; vit Cd trang la 95,09%; vit Cd canh se la 95,04";> (Le Viet Ly va ctv, 1998); vit Bau la 97,8%; vit Bau Quy I^ 93>96"o (Le Viet Ly, 1999).
3.2 Anh hudng cua Probiotic len kha nang tieu thy thiic an ctia vit Trdi
Ke't qua ve anh hudng cua Probiohc len kha nang heu thy thiic an eua vit Trdi d eac tuan tudi hong giai doan 3-11 ngay tudi dupc trinh bay d Bang 1 cho thay khi bd sung Probiotic cbo vit Trdi d muc 0,2 va 0,4"<i thi tieu thy thlic an khdng cd sir khac biet ve thd'ng ke (P>0,05) so vdi kbdng bo sung Probiotic. Kha nang tieu thu thiic an cua vit bi anh hudng bdi nhieu ye'u to nbu thanh phan dinh duong, giai doan sinh trudng, miia loi va gid'ng vit nudi. Nhu v^y, ket qua nay la do thi nghiem dupc bd tri gidng nhau ve gid'ng vjt, giai doan nudi va thiic an vdi thanh phan dinh dudng gid'ng nbau, dac biet la nang Iuong trao doi va Probiohc duac bo sung vao khau phan vdi ty le hi'ong ddi tiiap. Vi vay, ket qua eho tha'y viec bd sung ProbioHc da khdng anh hudng den kha nang tieu tbu tbuc an giua cac NT.
Bang 1. Tieu tdn thirc an theo tuan Tuan thi
ngtii?m Tuan 1 (3 tl) Tuan 2 (4 tt) Tuan 3 (5 tt) Tuan 4 (6 tt) Tuan 5 (7 tt) Tuan 6 (8 tt) Tuan 7 (9 tt) Tuan 8 (10 tt) Tuan 9(1 l i t ) Tmng binh
Nghi&m thuc O-o 413,7 4r!.,s 412,4 479,4 470.S 475.11 524,8 559,2 600,3 41.5,9
OJ.'.
421,0 424,9 442,8 491,7 469,3 495,1 510,2 567,9 615,4 473,8
0,4".
432,4 436,5 444 » 477 1 484,8 470,2 510,7 561,6 601,7 47.3,3
- I'/Sr M 0,792/17,3
|1S22;16,4 0,.345/16,l 0,566/9,89 0,lv49/12,6 0,670/17,1 0,674/12,8 0,856/11,1 0,629/11,8 0,691/8,91 Ke't qua nghien cuu cdn eho thay kha nang tieu thy thue an cua vit Troi tang dan theo cac tuan tuoi. Ke't qua nay phu hgp vdi ke't qua cua Nguyen Duy Hoan va etv (2018) cung cbo tha'y kha nang tieu thu thiic an cua vit Trdi tang dan tu 4 de'n 20 tuan tudi Ian lugt d miic 31,33 va 79,68 g/eon/ngay. Ket qua eiia Rasha va ctv (2015) ciing ebo tha'y khi bd sung 0,1% Probiotic vao khau phan chu'a 16% CP da Iam tang kha nang tieu thu thiic an nhung kbi bdsungO,l% Probiotic vao khau phanchtj'al4 va 12% CP da lam giam Iugng an vao.
3.3 Anh hudng ciia Probiotic len khA nang tang khdi luong cua vit Trdi
Ke't qua ve TKL cua vit Trdi qua eae giai doan tudi dupc trinb bay d bang 2 cho tha'y khac biet cd y ngbia thd'ng ke (P<0,05) d giai doan 3-11 tuan tudi. Khi bd sung Probiotic vao khau phan thuc an cua vit Trdi thi KLcotbeed khuynh hudng tang tir khau phan 0%-pro vdi TKL (111,8 g/eon/hian) len khau phan 0,2%- pro vdi TKL la (122,2 g/con/ tuan). Kha nang tieu tbu thlic an cua vit Trdi khdng thay ddi d cae nghiem thiic, nbung TKL bi tang, dieu nay cho tha'y Probiotic da tac dyng lam tang kha nang tieu hda thiic an. Ke't qua nghien ciiu cua Rasha va ctv (2015) eiing cbo (hay kbi bd sung Probiotic vao khau pban an cua vit da lam cai thien dupc TKL.
K^JKrTChdn nuoi sn 245 - ihdns (> mun y(\H)
DINH D U C N G VA THU'C AN CHAN NUOI
Bang Z Tang khdi lugng theo tuan (g/con/tuan) Tuan
Ihi nghiem Dau TN (2 tt) Tuan 1 (3 tt) Tuan 2 (4 It) Tuan 3 (5 tt) Tuan 4 (6 tt) Tuan 5 (7 tt) Tuan 6 (8 tt) Tuan 7 (9 tt) Tuan 8 (10 tt) Tuan9(]l tt) Trung binh
Nghi&m thtrc O-i. 0,2% 0,4%
230,5 176,1 141,3 113,6 101,1'' 84,9"
75,9 70,3 66,1 58,9 111,8''
257,1 179,4 H0,6 126,2 114,7^
96,7' 86,5 79,0 74,8 66,7 122,2'
255,2 184,6 145,6 123,5 111,4°'' 97,3' 84,4 75,8 70,0 62,1 121,0'''
- P/SEM 0,080/7,47 0,322/3,64 0,805/5,64 0,127/3,84 0,028/2,71 0,027/2,66 0,135/3,33 0,063/2,07 0,061/2,03 0,071/1,90 0,039/2,33 Ghi dm. Cdc gid tri trung binh ciing bdng mang chtr so mil khdc nhau Id sir sai khdc co y nghia thang ke (P<0,05).
Tang khdi lugng co the cua vit da giam dan tu tuan tudi thu 3 de'n tuan tuoi thu 11, m|c du tieu thy thiic an lgi tang len. Dieu nay dugc giai thich do vao giai dogn 40 ngay tuoi vjt bat dau xuat hien long canh va mpc day du, tr^ng thai sinh Iy khdng on dinh va vit cheo eanh lite 65-70 ngay tudi, nen can nhieu dinh dudng (Dao Due Long, 2004).
Ke't qua nghien cuu cua Alkhalf va etv (2010) khi bd sung Probiotic 0,1% vao thuc 3n ga tbit Iam TKL them 4,48% so vdi khdng bd sung Probiotic Iiic 5-6 tuan tudi; Nguyen Tieh Toan va Dd Van Ninh (2013) klii bo sung Probiotic 0,6% vao khau phan thue an ga cung da eai tbien 4% ve TKL. Ke't qua cua Vicente va etv (2007) khi bo sung Probiotic cho gia cam d cac trai ga thucmg mai cho tha'y TKL tting them 2,06% so vgi khdng bd sung. Klia nang TKL cua vit Trdi tba'p ban mpt so gidhg vjt khae: KL vit Cd liic 8 hian tudi la 1.077,5 g/
eon, \-it Triet Giang la 821,58 g/eon (Ddng Tlii Dieu Hien va Nguyin Thi Hue, 2010); vit Dd'm cd khdi Iupng ca the luc 22 hian tudi la 1.781- 1.856 g/eon (Nguyen Thi Minh, 2001).
3.4 Anh hudng cua Probiotic Ien he so chuyen hda thlic an ciia vit Trdi
He so chuven hda thuc an ciia vit Trdi (Bang 3) cho tbay FCR d tuan thi nghiem tbu
tu trd len va trung binh cac tuan khac biet cd y ngbia thdng ke (P<0,05), trong dd FCR hung binh eua Wt giai doan 3-11 tuan tudi d ngbiem thtic khdng bo sung Probiotic (0%-pro) Ien de'n 5,29 va nghiem thiie bo sung 0,2% (0,2%- pro) va 0,4%> (0,4%-pro) ed FCR giam Ian lugt la 4,82 va 4,96. Nhu vay, viee bd sung Probiotic vao khau phan cai thien dupe FCR, Ket qua ve FCR eua vit Trgi d thi nghiem nay eao hem cdng bd cua Praset)'o va ctv (2010) vit nudi den 12 hian hidi cho FCR la 4,13-4,31. Theo Biii Huu Doan va etv (2011), cac gid'ng vit npi dia cd sinh tru'dng tuyet ddi khoang 2,6-2,8kg TA/kg TKL va cae gid'ng vit ngogi 2,3-2,5kg TA/kg TKL. Ket qua eiia Rasha va etv (2015) eung cho tha'y khi bo sung 0,1% Probiotic vao khau phan vit thit chiia 12% CP da lam FCR tang Ien lan lugt la 0,35 va 0,65 so vgi bd" sung Probiotic 0,1% d khau phan ehua 14 va 16%
CR
Bang 3. He sd chuyen hda thiic an theo tuan Tuan
thi nghi&m Tuan 1 (3 tt) Tuan 2 (4 tt) Tuan 3 (5 tt) Tuan 4 (6 tt) Tuan 5 (7 tt) Tuan 6 (8 tt) Tuan 7 (9 tt) Tuan 8 (10 tt) Tuan 9 (11 tt) Trung binh
Nghiem thlic Co 2,36 3,00 3,63 4,74^
5,55' 6,27-' 7.47' S.48-' 10,21' 5,29'
0,2"" o 2,35 3,02 3,51 4,29"
4,85'- 5,73'- 6,46'- 7,59'' 9,23"
4,82"
0,4%
2,34 3,01 3,61 4,44'' 4,99'- 5,64"
6,75"
8,04""
9,70''' 4,96"
0,987/0,079 0,987/0,092 0,695/0,10]
0,010/0,079 0,002/0,078 0,002/0,073 0,013/0,166 0,048/0,193 0,0n/0,150 0,003/0,059 Ke't qua nay phii hgp vdi cdng bd' ciia Vicente \-a ch- (2007) la cai thien dugc FCR (3,5%) tren dan gia cam thuong pham; trong
\iec su dung Probiotic Iam giam ty le che't hong cac hai ga thuong mai; Dhande va ctv (1993) da ghi nhan khi bd sung Probiotic vao khau phan thuc an ga Brobi da nang cao kha nang chuyen hda thlic an giai doan 0-6 tuan tudi; Radfar va Par\'iz (2008) eung cho rang viec bo sung 1-2%
Probiotic vao khau phan nudi ga thit da lam giam he so chuyen hda tbuc an so vdi khdng bd sung. Tuy nhien, ke't qua eua Panda va ctv
--f:~~^::^:n20l9
DINH DUOfNG VATHUC AN CH ^^-^^
(2006) Iai cho thay khi bd sung Probiotic vao khau phan nudi ga thit da kbdng eai thien dugc FCR giai doan 0-3 tuan tuoi.
4.K£TLUAN
Bo sung 0,2"o Probiotic vao khau phan thirc an eua vjt Trdi khdng gay anb budng den kha nang tieu thy thuc an nhung anh hudng den kha nang TKL va FCR.
TAI U|U THAM KHAO
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