^ ^ _ KHOA HOC VA C O N G NGKt MO
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Tap doin Cong nghigp Than-Khoing san Vigt Nam TS. L f i 0(rc NGUYEN, T S . L g VAN HAU, KS. NGUYEN NGQC GIANG - Win Khoa hgc Cing nghi " i
y^ i t qud ddnh gid tong hyp try l y y n g b i than J \ Bdng B i c cho thay, trong t i n g so 6,3 tJ t i n ' * try l y y n g cd lihoang 2,1 ty t i n (chiim 30,9
%) nam phia d y d i cac cdng trinh, d i i t y y n g c i n bdo vp tren b i mpt, d i i t y y n g chi>a nydc, diSn tich quy hopch s y dpng dat, quy hopch rirng, quy hopch vimq cam, han c h i khai thdc khodng sdn,...
cda tinh Qudng Ninh. Trong dd, khddng 582,4 tripu t i n n i m trong ranh gidi cdc d y an md da d y y c phd duypt tai Quy hopch 403, khodng 1,5 tJ t i n hiSn chua d y y c quy hopch khai thdc [4]. B i i vdi phan lri> luyng, tdi nguySn than ndy, kinh nghiSm tren t h i gidi cho t h i y d i khai thdc dem ipl hiSu qud kinh t i , d i n g thdi ddm bdo mgc tidu bdo vS be m§t, can dp dgng cdng nghS chen id.
N h i m huy d i n g t i i da trir l y y n g tdi nguySn than vdo khai thdc, gidp gidm t i n t h i t tai nguyen vd nang cao hiSu qud d i u t y xdy dyng cdc d y dn md h i m id, kdo ddi t u i i thp md. Tdp dodn Cdng nghipp Than-Khodng sdn ViSt Nam (TKV) cd chd tnfong nghiSn cu'u phdt triin c i n g nghS chSn id d i khai thdc p h i n tri> l y y n g than nam d y d i cdc doi t y y n g can bdo vp b i mpt nhu nhd cua, dydng giao thdng, dydng d i f n , sdng, suii,... trong ranh gidi cdc m i h i m id do TKV qudn iy. HiSn nay, TKV da ISn k i hopch dp dgng thu- nghiSm cdng nghS khai thdc chdn id b i n g thOy lyc tai mdt trong cdc md Mao Khe, Quang Hanh hodc Mdng Dyyng, vdi mgc tieu Idm chu cdc gidi phdp ky thudt cdng nghS ChSn Id thuy lyc trong d i i u kiSn cdc md ham id thupc TKV, d i n g thdi ddnh gid hiSu qud kinh l i - k y thudt cung nhy kha ndng bdo vS be mat cua cdng nghS, ldm co s d md rpng dp dgng.
B i phgc vg t r i i n khai d y dn dp dgng t h * nghipm ndi tran, nhiiu cdng trinh nghiSn cuu ve cdng nghS khai thdc chen id da d y y c thyc hipn
CANG NGHIlP MO, stf S - 2 0 1 1
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trong thdi gian gan ddy [2], [3], [4]. Trong dd, v4n de quan trpng can nghiSn cu'u la xac djnh muc dS Chen l i p khedng khdng gian da khai thdc ' cong nghS Chen Id. Udc dp chdn l i p khdng g{khai thdc phg thupc vdo p h y y n g phdp thi cdni, Chen, vSt IISu chen id, dpc d i i m via than vd dieu kipn dja c h i t cua khu vyc.
HiSn nay, trSn t h i gidi da dp dgng nhiiu phyong phdp chen Id khdc nhau nhy: chen Id bing thiJy lyc, Chen i i bang khi nen, t y chdy trSn n i n 16, ChSn id b i n g co gid'i,... moi mdt p h y o n g phdp chSn id cd khd nang chen l i p day khdng gian khai thdc khdc nhau (hS s i chSn id). Hp s i chen Id d y y c xde dinh gi&a t? lp khd ndng chdn l i p d i y ( t h i ti'ch khii chdn) vdi khodng khdng gian d i khai thdc, IJ s i nay c i n g Idn thl mi>c dp chen lap d i y cdng cao, sy dnh hudng cSa khai thdc ham l i toi cdc odng trinh trSn b i mdt khdng ddng k i v i n g u y c Ipi.
Thee kinh nghiSm khai thdc cua t h i gidi, cdng nghS ChSn Id khong t h i chdn l i p d i y hodn tddn khodng khdng gian dd khai thdc, mirc dO chdn iSp chi cd t h i apt toi da 95 %, vi vdy b i mpt ciJa khu v y c van xdy ra hipn t y y n g djch c h u y i n , b i i n dpng 31^ b i i n dpng ndy dnh h y y n g k h i n g ldn d i n cdc d i i t y y n g bdo vp. B i xde djnh d u y c gidi hpn biin.
dpng cho phdp cCia ti>ng lopi o i n g trinh cdc nhd khoa hpc cda Lien Bang Nga da t i i n hdnh thyc hiSn nhiing thi nghipm tren md hlnh s i vdt iiSu tuong d y o n g vd quan t r i e n g o i i thyc dja Oi Si xde djnh d u y c mye dd b i i n dpng cho phdo cua tirng d i i t y y n g cdng Wnh. TrSn co so k i t oud nghlSn eiru, da phdn lopi d y y c cdc cdng trinh fh=„
b i i n dpng gidl han cho phdp [5], [7]. Om vdo s u phdn lopi ndy, hS s i chdn i i p a i y khdng aian S khai t h i c trong cdng nghS chdn id ss thav riA nhdm ddp irng mirc dd ySu c i u bdo vS c i n g tri h '
KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO tren be m ^ t BSng phan logi cap cong trinh theo mirc dp bien dgng t>^ mgt cho phep xem Bang 1.
Bing 1. Bing phin loai cip edng v$[5I.P]
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€>e xic ^ n h he so chen 16 phii hp'p, dam bao kha nang co the khai thac tei da ph^n tris li/png dut^i cac d6f tuwng d n bao v$, trong bai bao nay, gidi thigu phutmg phap xac dinh hg s6 chen 16 b^ng mo hinh so. Viec ling dyng mo hlnh so, mo hinh vat ligu tutmg duwng trong Iinh VLPC nghien ci>u khoa hge if Vigt Nam da va dang phdt trien rOng rai, ket qua nh(in duac ti> m6 hinh nghien CLFU C6 muc dO tin cgy cao, Chung minh kha nang eo t h ^ dp dyng thSnh tyu khoa hoc vao thifc t l san xuat, giOp nang cao hieu qua v^
mat kinh te cung nhu" muc dp an toan va dgc biet giam t6n that tai nguyen tnDng nganh cong nghiep khai thac khoang s i n .
H.I.Sadd cdng nghg khai thac 16 chg>m(Fc +250 * +290 via 7- Nam Miu CdNG NGHIlP MO, SO 5 - 2 0 1 8
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KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO Bang 2. Gdc dich chuyin dit da trong md than Nam Miu•••*'
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T i n gdc dich chuyen Gdc gidi han vung dnh hudng theo phuyng via Q6t: gidi han viing anh hydng theo hudng d i e iSn cua vta Gdc gidi hpn vung dnh hudng theo hudng d i e eua vfa Gdc gidi han viing nirt ne
Gdc bien dang nguy h i i m trong viing djch c h u y i n d i t d i Gdc gidl han viing anh h y y n g nguy h i i m theo hudng doc via Gdc gidi hpn Idp a i t phu
Gdc djch chuyen nguy h i i m
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Tren cy sd phdn tich nhu tren, de xay dyng m i hinh so xde djnh he s i chen id, tac gid sir dgng phan mem Massip [6] ciJa Trudng Bai hpc Md Sankt-Peterburg-Lien Bang Nga Phan m i m d y y c Ipp trinh dya tren iy thuyit dp b i n cy ly a i t dd cua [7] "Quy tac bdo vp cac cdng trinh vd d i i tuong t y nhiSn tCr s y anh hydng ed hpi cua khai thae ham Id trong cde md than, khi sir dgng phyong phap dieu khien da vdch b i n g phd hda todn phan hodc de lai cdc tni than bao ve", cho phep xde djnh bdn kinh vting_dnh^huong, mirc d i sut lun vd tham so djch chuyen d i t dd be mpt do qua trinh khai thdc ham id tpo ra. B i md phdng d i i u kipn dja c h i t ky thuSt md tuong t y nhy tren thyc t i , nhdm nghien ciru da lay c i c so IjSu dja chat khu vyc khodng sdng md than Nam Mau Idm so liSu nghiSn cuu.
Trong gjdi hpn qudn ly cua Cdng ty than Nam M i u ed s u i i Gidi Oan chay qua 8 via: V9, V8, V7, V6a, V6, V5, V4, V3. Thee cdc bao ede dia'chat, trS luyng tni than bdo vS s u i i 1.832 500 tan [3], d i cd t h i khai thae p h i n trir tyyng ndy. nam 2011 edn bd cua Vien KHCN Mo k i t hyp vdi Cdng ty than Nam Mdu xdy dyng c i c tuyin quan trie tpi khu vye Id chy v i a j muc +250++290 nhdm muc dich xac djnh tham so_ djch chuyen d i t dd be mat eita md than Nam M l u . Tir dd. cd hudng de xuit nh&ng gidi phdp cdng nghp khai thdc toi uu cho phan trir luyng d y y i nhtrng d i i tiirnig can bao ve tren be mat Khu vyc Id chy cd chiiu ddy via trung binh 2 m, gdc d i e via 25+35°, chiiu ddy lyp phu 10 m, khai thac Id cho b i n g so do cdng nghS khai thdc cdt d i i theo phirong, k h i u gyong b i n g khoan n i min thii cdng, chong giy Id chy bdng cdt thuy iyc don x i khdp!
chiiu ddi Id cho 80 m, chiiu dai theo phyong 160 m. So do cdng nghp khai thdc xem H.I.
K i t qud qijan trie thyc dja da xde djnh dyyc nliirng tham so gdc djch chuyen dat dd trSn b i mat cua md than Nam Mau [3], nhOng gia tri cua gdc gidi
CANGNGHlEPM6,Sli5-2016
han vung dnh hydng se sir dgng i i tinh todn tham s i djch chuyin d i t ad bang p h i n mem Massip. Chi tiet ve gid tg cOa gdc djch chuyin dat dd be mat md than Nam Mdu dyoc the hiSn tai Bang 2. Ttr nhtrng thing so ky thuat ve Id chy va tham so gdc djeh chuyin dit ad be mat cua md than Nam Mdu, x i y dyng md hlli|^, save quy ludt djch chuyin d i t da b i mat khi i p dg'ng nhung so do cdng nghe khai thac khdc nhau, k i t qud nghien ctru a y y c md ta tren H.2.
Tren mo hinh so tpi hinh 2 cho t h i y , q u i trinh khai thdc Id eho mirc +250++290 via 7, d i i u khien dd vdch bang pha hda t o i n p h i n da hinh thdnh vting anh huong trSn be mat dja hinh vdi b i n kinh khoang 200 m (tpi H.2.a), gid trj sut Itin Idn nhit 0,43 m (tpi hinh 2.b) vd g i i trj dp cong, dd nghiSng va biin dpng ngang Idn nhit: 1=4,87-10'°, k=0,5.1o' vd e=2,31 10"l Theo Bdng 1, nhti-ng gid trj biin dang ndy da v y y t qua gid tri gidi hpn cho p h i p a i i vol cdng trinh cap i (hinh e, f) va nhd hon d i i vdi cdng trinh cap li-IV N h y v j y , khi khai thac via 7, cdc cdng trinh trSn be mat thugc c i p ll-lv cd the sir dgng phuong phdp dieu khien dd vdch bang phd hda todn phan (khai thac mpt via). B i cd the khai thac via 7 ttr mye +250++290 trong trydng hyp tren^bi mat dja hinh l i edng trinh bao vp t h u i c c i p I, can t h i i t lya ehpn cdng nghp khai thdc khdc nhdm muc dich gidm gid tn djch chuyen a i t ad b i mpt vd phdi nhd hon gid tn gidi han cho phep
Nhu aa trtnh bay d tren, doi vdi p h i n trii. lyynq dudl nh&ng cdng trinh ddn dung, cdng nghiSo d l tyyng chua nydc (song, suoi, h i ) , . , cac n y y c trSn the gidi da khai thic bdng cong nghS chSn Id vdi hS so chdn lap khdng gian da khai thdc dpt t u o's+O 95 (phg thupc v i o vat liSu vd phuong phdp thi cSna khii chen). Ket qua dp dgng thyc te cho t h i y cdna nnhs Chen Id khdng nhyng d i m bdo an t o i n cho cdc rAnn trinh tren b i mpt md c i n dpt hiSu qud v i mat ki„h . i v i gidm t i n t h i t tdi nguySn. " ' ^ m n te
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^ ^ „ h f r t i i ' i . ^ ^ ^ * • * chiryen (mn d i mat <5a h/nh; e - Gii In dich chuyin ngang tren bi mat oia hmh. f - Gia In bien dgng ngang tren be mat dm hlnh r a n " •^ mm
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KHOA HOG VA CONG NGH| MO V i dy. M bao ve khu v\/c dan c u tren b^ mgt ^ a
hir^, mo Wujeck thupc thanh pho Katowice aJa Ba Lan da khai ttiac nhung via than a do sau 360 m, d i ^ khien da >^ch b&ig chen 16 toan ph^n, phuCTig ph^p thl cong khoi chen bang thuy ILTC, khau ttian bang dong bO thiet bi co gioi hoa, san lutmg trung binh cua 16 ehgp dgt 400.000 T/nam. Nhirng mo than a vung Donbass, de bao ve nhtpng e6ng frinh tren bi mat, cac mo da ap dung so dd cong nghe l^ai thae dieu k h i ^ da vach bang chen 16 toan phan, phuwng phap thi eong idioi ctien tiang t\s t^ay tr^n nen 16 ^ .
Tren cff sa kinh nghigm cua th6 giffi va dieu kign dja chSt cua mo than Nam M i u , tac gia de xuat cong nghe chen 16 de khai thac vfa 7 mi>c +250^+290, vd'i hg so chen iSp kh6ng gian Idiai thac bang 0,8. Ket qua nh$n diiac tai H.2 eho thay, nhimg tham so djch chuyen dat da be mat nho tron gia tri g\6\ han cho ph6p va mijc dp s\A lun giam tip 0,43 m xuong con 0,09m (giam duvc khoang 79 % gia trj syt liin va djch ehuyen b^ mgt), ^ e u do da chijng minh ve SLP dam bao an lo^n eho cac cong trinh fren be mat va kha nang khai tti^e phan trO l u ^ g ttian du^*! nh&ng doi tuvng c^n bao vg. Tuy nhien, ran phai xac dinh gia tri h$ so chen 16 t6l uu eho dieu ld$n m6 than Nam M l u , nham gi^m chi phi khai thac, nh6m tac gia xdy dyng md hinh vol h§ so chen 16 bang 0,7; 0,6; 0,5 (ket qua xem H.2). S6 Ii#u nghien ci>u b^ theo d i o thay, khi khai thac via 7 fr6n be m$t \i cong trinh bao v$ c^p I, h# SO &iin iSp khong gian i ^ khal friSc khong duoc nhfi hon 0,7 (mLrc dp syt lun 0,13 m. giam khoang 69
%). Khi h$ s6 eh6n 16 nho hen 0,7, gia tn dO eong djch chuydn tren t>4 mgt da vuvt quci gtcri hgn eho ph6p (H.2.d). Trong fru-bng hpp khai friac mpt tgp via, phuong phdp xac djnh hg so chen 16 biing ph§n mem Massip duvc thy^ hign tuong ty, nhimg ^ n phai tinh chi4u diy da khai ttidc eua cde via khac, ti> do xac djnh gid frj cOa hg so chen 16 phu hp'p VOT mirc dp yeu c^u bao v$ cOa cdc cflng frinh be m ^
Bdng ph^n mem Massip da xdy dyng duvc mfl hinh so ve quy lugt djch ehuyen dat da tren be mat voi vi$e dp dyng nhung so- do c&ig nghg khai ttidc khde nhau, xac djnh bdn kfnh viing dnh huong vd muc dp syt lun trin b^ mgt do qua trinh khai ttidc h i m 16 tgo ra. Ket qud nghien ca>u da d ^ xuat duvc giai phdp cflng ngh$ khai ttidc cho p h i n trir lucmg cdc via than n i m duoi nhung doi tuong t>do v$ tr6n be mgt do la:
cflng ngh§ khai ttidc ch6n 16 vdi he so chen lap khflng gian da khai ttidc khflng duvc nhfl ho^ 0,7 {d6i voi eong trinh d p I). Vi^c xde ^ n h hg so chen 16 cfl y nghTa quan frpng khi ttiiet k^ ddy chuyen cflng nghg khat thdc ch6n 16, cung nhu vi|c lya chon vat lieu Chen vd phuong phdp frii cong kh6i chen cho phu hpp vdi mue dp y ^ cau bdo v# be mat. Dong tti6i, cac mfl hinh so duvc xay dyng fren nhiing ^ li§u quan frIc tip friyc dia cua mfl ttian Nam M i u , do viy
ket qud nghien cuu co muc dp tin c#y cao, ddm t ^ o ktta nang co thS dp dyng vao t f ^ ^ t^ san xuit, nham ddp img ydu d u phdt ttien cOa TKV nhCing nam toi va giam ton t h i t tai n g u ^ . n
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O 1. Nguyin Anh Tuan, Tnjong Due Du, Dang Hong Thdng, Bdo cao tong ket de tai "Nghien CLFU ap dyng c m g nghe khai thac dien 16 phye vy cflng tdc dilu khiln_
da vach vd bao ve cac d6i tuong eong trinh be m§t trong dieu kign cdc mo hdm 16 vung Quang Ninh". Vign Khoa tipc Cdng nghe Mo, Ha Na, nam 2tK)6.
2. TS. Ddo Hong Quang - Bao cao tong k i t D l tdi trpng d i l m d p Bfl Cflng T h u o n g : "Nghidn CLPU dp dyng cdng nghd chen 16 khat thac than frong cac mo ham Id vOng Quang Ninh", 2015.
3. PGS.TS PhCing Mgnh D i e - Bao cao tong k # khoa hpc va ky tugt de tai: "Nghidn euu lya chpn cdc glai phdp ky thugt vd cdng ngh$ hp-p ly de khaf thdc than o* cdc khu v y c co di tich Ijch s u van hda, cdng trinh cdng nghidp va dan dyng". Vien Khoa hpc Cflng nghg Md, Hd Nfli, nam 2011. ^ ^
4. Q u y l t djnh so: 403/QD-TTg cua ThO Tuong Chfnh phu V/v "Phe duygt dieu chlnh Quy hogeh phdt trien ngdnh than \flet Nam d i n nam 2020, c6 xet t r i l n vpng den nam 2030".
5. AKMMOB. A.r., TpoMOS. B.B. - reoMexaHMHecKwe acneicTbi c^BiDKeHiin ropHbix nopofl npw noflseMHOM paspaeoTxe yrojibHbix ii pyAHbtx MecTopo>KfleHMM. CaHKT-neTep6ypr, 9 jiMHHfl, 2003.
6. MyeTa0MH M.r, HayMoe A.C. - KoHTponb flonycTMMbix flectwpMai^M aeMHoii noeepxHoc™ npn cipoMTenbCTBe BepmKanbHbix sbipa6oTOK B ycnoBMflx sacrpoeHHbix TeppmopMi^. 3anMCKM ropHoro MHCrmyra, TOM 198, Cn6,2012 r.c.194-197.
7. ripaBMna oxpaHbi eoopy>KeHMw ii npHpoflHbix o5teKTOB OT BpeflHoro BJiMnHMn noflseMHbix ropHbix pa3pa6oTOK Ha yronbHwx MecTopowfleHMflx. - c n e . : BHHMH, 1998. - 291 c.
Ngud'i bien t g p : Nguyen Binh
T I P khoa; cong nghg chin 16; djch chuyin trin bi mat; h$ so chin 16; si4 lun tren bi mit
Ngay nhgn b a i : 28 thdng 02 nSm 2016 Ngay d u y ^ t dang bai: 06 thing 8 nim 2016
research on filling technology in ni..
Nam M l u coal mine at Quang Ninh p r ^ ^ ^
CONG NGHIlP MO. St 5-2016
