INH TE NGANH - LANH THO
Hoan thien cof che, chmh sach dac thu thu hut, suf dung hieu qua cac nguon von dau tU phat trien vao tmh Lai Chau
PHAM THj KH/WSH'
Ccf chi, chinh sach dac thu thu hut va suT dung co hieu qua cac nguSn vd'n dSu tit phat trien la cac quye't dinh, phitdng phap hanh d$ng cua Nha nuTdc, chinh quyin dia phUcfng co tinh ufu ti€n, rigng bi^t nham thu hut, svi diing hi$u qua cac ngudn vd'n dSu t\i phat tri€n; tao dpng luTc, nang dd, hd tr^ cac dd'i tifdng (nganh, viing, dja phifcfng, doanh nghidp, mdt t^ chute - nhdm xa h$i) hitd^ng tdi thitc hi$n muc tidu phat tri^n b i n vffng. Tuy nhidn, do nhilu nguydn nhSn, qua trinh t^ chitc thi^c hidn col chd", chinh sach nay da nay sinh nhffng b§'t c$p, can trd qua trinh thu hiit, suT dung cac ngudn vd'n d l u tff phat tri^n.
Tai tinh Lai ChSu, ciing dang tdn t^i lii^n tr^ng nay.
THUC TRANG
Thdi gian qua, tinb Lai Chau da ban hanh cdc cd chfi', chinh sdeh cd tinh ddc thu nham thu hut, sff dung hifiu qua cdc ngudn vdn dlu tff, bao gdm ed ttong nffde vd ngoai ntfde phdt ttien kinb te - xa bdi. Ndi bdt la:
Nghi quyfi't sd91/2007/NQ-HDND, ngay 20/07/2007 ban hdnh chfnh sdeh ffu ddi, khuyfi'n khich d l u tff trfin dia ban Tinh; Quye't dinh sd 12/2008/QD-UBND, ngay 06/05/2008 ban hanh chinh sdch tftf dai khuyen khieh dlu tff irfin dia bdn tinh Lai Chdu; Nghi quydt sd' 69/2012/NQ-HDNb, ngay 07/02/2012 ban hdnh ehinh sdch tftf dai, hd ttd dau ttf tten dia ban tinh Lai Chdu;
Quyfi'l dinb sd 08/2013/QD-UBND, ngay 03/06/2013 ban hanh chinh sdch tfu^al, ho ttd dlu ttf, trtnh ttf, thu tue thtfc hifin ifu dai, hfi trd dlu ttf tten dia ban tinb Lai Chau; Nghi quyfi't sd l'l9/2014/NQ-HDND, ngdy 10/12/2014 sffa ddi, bd sung, bai bd mfit sd nfii dung
BANG 1; TiNH H I N H THU HOT CAC NGOfiN V6'N D A U TCf PHAT TRIEN (DA THtfC HIpM) 6 T I N H LAI CHAO Ttf N A M 2014 DEN THAMG 06/2019
Dcfn vi linh: Trieu dong ' Kttm .
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 6/2019 TSnB s6'
'HSNSSii' 3.058.769 2.528.610 1.910.882 1.412.504 7.321.356 1.647.980 12.880.101
'-ffl)*r;
345.827 216.733 89.992 84.005 171.866 1.319 909.742
. FDI 2.806 3.477 3.910 3.680 1.702 15.525
T i S f i K n i i a a P W i M d i e i i 1.005.873
722.971 750.739 617.327 178.981 259.395 3.535 J 5 0
Nghi quydt sd 69/2012/NQ-HDND, ngdy 07/0i2/2012 cfla HDND tinh Lai Chdu.
Dac bifit, vdi hai quyfi't dinh quan ttong Id: Quydt dinh sd 1003/QD-UBND, ngdy 03/08/2010 phe duyet Danh muc cdc dtf dn kfiu goi dau ttf tinh Lai Chdu giai doan 2010-20i5 vd Quydt dinh sd 3I5/QD- UBND, ngay 29/03/2012 phe duyet Bd sung Danh muc cac dtf dn kfiu gpi dlu Itf tinh Lai Chdu giai doan 2010-2015, tinh Lai Chdu da dinh htfdng va chfnh thtfc mdi gpi cdc nhd dau itf thufic mpi thdnh phan kinb td ttong ntfdc va cdc nhd dau ttf ntfdc ngoai dfi'n dlu ttf phdt tridn. DSy la mdt btfdc tidn ddi ttong xdy dtfng, hoach dinh ehinh sdeh eu thd, cd ttpng tdm, trpng didm cfla tinh Lai Chdu ve thu hdt, huy ddng, phan bd, sfl'dung hifiu qua vdn dau trf tren dia ban Tinh.
Tuy nhifin, do nhieu nguyfin nhan cd ea khdch quan, chu quan, nfin qud trinh td ehifc thrfc hien cd cbe, chinh sdch tren day da ndy sinh nhflhg bat cap, can trd qud trinh thu hflt, sff dung ede ngudn vdn dlu ttf phdi trien. Vl vay, Tinh uy, HDND, UBND linh tiep tue ehinh sfl^, bd sung, hoan ehinh cd chfi', chinb saeb thu but, sijf dung ede nguon vdn dau ttf ddp tfhg yeu cau mdi.
Giffa ldnh dao Tinh vd cdc sd, ngdnh da ed sff phan cdng, phdi hdp \di nhau
• PGS, TS., Hpc vien Chinh ttj Quoc gia Ho Chi Minh
BANG 2: TINH HINH PHAIS BO CAC NGUON VON NSNN DAU TCf PHAT TRIEN 6 riHH LAI CHAU Td NAM 2014 DEN T H A N G 06/2019'
Dan vi linh: Tneu d Nam
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 6/2019
cane
3.058.769 2.528.610 1.910.882 1.412.504 2.321.356 1.647 980 12.880.101
• S 9
1.734.047 1.452.842 828.179 702.629 1.333.752 946.860 6.998.309
B Ph3n b^ v6'n vao cac hans muc Dhat trien ha t^ng ^mf 176.970
131.410 105 143 87 619 120.723 85.704 707.569
Fli^n 17.061 U.833 489 0 10.911 7.746 48.040
63.776 67.829 61.511 18.570 62.219 44.170 318.075
^DoJhL.- 661.327 527.299 525.455 328.436 484.051 343.638 2.870.196
181.564 187.744 252.875 236.497 172.262 122.292 1.153.234
- , X I < . . 163.874 120.300 121.151 22.842 110.508 78.452 617.127
T11&M8 6.150 29.352 16.089 15.911 26.930 19.118 167.551
dd td ehtfe thtfe bifin, dd dd, cac cd chd, chinh sdch ttfin din di vdo cufic sfing, da da dang hda dtfdc cae ngudn vfi'n; tiiu htft, phdn bd, sff dung cac ngudn vdn dau tff cho phat trien. Ttf nam 2014 den thang 06/2019, Tinh tiiu but dtfdc Itfdng vfi'n kha ldn (Bdng 1), chu yfi'u ttf cdc ngudn ngan sdch nhd ntfdc (NSNN), ODA, FDI, ngudn vdn ldi dinh ctf dtf dn thfly difin.
Xet vd ldng thd, ngudn vdn NSNN danh dd dlu ttf phat trien la ldn nhd't (Bdng 2). Tff nam 2014 den tiidng 06/2019, Tinh buy dfing drfde 12.880.101 tiifiu ddng, kbdng deu tiong eae nam (cao nhd't la nam 2014; 3.058.769 ttifiu ddng vd ttia'p nhat la ndm 2017: 1.412.504 trieu ddng). Dieu nay Id phu hdp vdi xu the cit giam dlu trf cdng cua Chinh phu. Thu hut ngudn vo'n ODA, FDI cdn han chfi'. Trong Ihdi gian ndy, tdng Irfdng ODA chi cd 909.72 tiifiu ddng; FDI nbd be, chi thu htft drfdc 15.525 trieu ddng, la "nut thil" huy ddng vdn dlu ttf phdt tiien. Ngudn vdn tai dinh ctf dtf dn thfly difin d^t sd Irfdng ldn, chi mang tinh ehi't den bii, gidi phdng mdt b&ng.
Nhtf vdy, ngudn vdn NSNN dtfdc phan bd cho cdc hang muc ha tang, tao dd eho thu but, sff dtang hieu qua ede ngudn vdn khac dlu ttf eho phdt tridn. Trong dd, ngudn vdn NSNS tap ttung ehu yfi'u dau ttf phdt tridn kfi't caoa ha ling quan ttpng:
giao tiifing la Idn nhd't, dat 6.998.309 tiifiu ddng, chiein hdn V2 ting ngudn vdn NSNN dlu trf cho phdt tridn; phat tiidn dfi till, dat 2.870.196 trifiu ddng; phat tridn gido due 1.153.234 tiifiu ddng...
Vdi cd ehe', chhih sdeh thu but vdn dlu trf din drfde ddi mdi dd thu but, sff dung eae ngudn vfi'n dlu tif phdt ttidn, gdp phin tiitfc dly kinh te' - xa bfii cua Tinh phdt trifi'n. Rd nha't Id tfi'c dp tdng tiio'dng kinh td (GRDP), nam 2015 dat 8,05%; ndm
2016 dat 24,88%; nam 2017 dat 11,66%; nam 2018 dat 7,22% va drf kidn nara 2019 se dat 7,51%. Tdc dd lang GRDP cfla Tinh dtfdc xdp vdo thtf hang cao, khd cao so vdi cde dia phtfdng kbac so vdi ea ntfdc. Qua dd, GRDP/
ngtfdi/nam lang len kha nhanh: nam 2015 dat 18,2 tiifiu ddng; nam 2016 dat 22,5 trifiu ddng; nam 2017 dat 25,0 tiifiu ddng; ndm 2018 dat 32,92 tiieu ddng vd dtf kien ndm 2019 dat 35,24 tiieu ddng.
Tuy da cd nhieu cd' gang, nhtmg thrfc te', cd cbfi', chinb sdch dd vin chtfa du sffe bap ddn, thu but cde nha dlu trf ttong nrfdc, nhat la cdc nhd dlu trf nrfdc ngodi de'n vdl Tinh va sff dung hifiu qua cdc ngudn vdn. Nguyfin nhdn cd ban la do:
- Hoach dinh cd ehe, chinh sach thu hflt, sff diang vdn chffa thdt mang tinh tdng tiid, todn dien, he tbdng, ed srf gan ke't chat che, hieu qua vdi phdt huy tiem ndng, the manh cua dia phtfdng.
- Ca chfi' ddc thtf fliu hut, sff dtang ede ngudn vdn dlu ttf chtfa rd nfit. Tfnh dac thtf chi mdi btfdc dlu tao ra, song ehffa gan ket vdl td ebffc sdn xua't khdng gian vung, tidu viing (vj tri dia 1;^, dac thu vd tidm nang, ldi thfi' - thdi tiet khi hdu, vdi cay, con dac chflng; van hda, iruyen thdng, lich sfl", xa bfii...). Ngoai ehinh sdch ffu dai cbung cfla Nha ntfde (kbdng thay ddi), cd chfi', ehfnh sdch dtfde gpi la rifing. Id dac tiiff efla tinh Lai Chau d ea 14 dtf dn, md Tinh dang kfiu gpi dlu ttf, flii stf tfu dai Id hoan toan gidng nhau (ddo tao Iao dfing, giai quye't cac tiiu tue hanh ehinh, phdi hdp td chtfe cdng ldc den bu gidi phdng mat bang, tao quy da't) va chi mang tfnh chd't h5 trd.
- Chtfa thufe stf da dang hda cdc ngudn vdn dau ttf cho phdt tridn, mdi chi tap tiling vdo ngudn NSNN, nhd't la ngudn ngan sach trung ffdng phat tiidn kfi't eau ha ting; ngudn vdn ttf ttf nhan, dde biet Id tff ngudn FDI edn rl^t khiem tfi'n.
- Cfing tde thanh tta, kiem tta, giam sat ve thu htft, phdn bd, sff dung cdc ngudn vdn ehffa that sff thffdng xuydn va ed ehat Iffdng cao...
MOT S6' GIAI PHAP CAN THLTC HIEN Mgt Id, phdi ddi mdi tif duy, tidp ean he tiifi'ng ttong hoach dinh ed chd, chinh sdch dac tiiii tiiu hflt, sff dung hifiu qui eae ngudn vdn dau tif phat tien. Vd ban chd't,
' Da thirc hien; kh6ng bao gom ODA, FDI vS v6'n X&\ djnh ctf cdc dtf Sn thuy dien d^u ttf cho cac nganh.
NH TE NGANH - LANH THO
cd che cbinh sdeh dac thu thu hut, sflr dung hifiu qua cac ngudn vdn dlu tir phat tiien la cfing eta trtfc tidp dieu cbinh cde chu the, trtfdc hfi't la cde nhd dau ttf (doanh nghifip, id chffc xa hdi, ea nhan) ttong, ngodi nffdc dau tff phdt ttien ttfin dia ban tinh Lai Chdu. Tuy nhifin, cd ehfi', cbinb sdch nay vin chi Id mfit mat xich nhd ttong hfi thfi'ng cbinh saeb rpng ldn de tao dfing Itfc thu hut - hap dSn cac nha dlu ttf ddn vdl dla phtfdng. Nd ehi phat huy tac dung khi dat canh, tdc dfing eung chidu, song hanh vdl cdc chinh sdeh phdt tridn khde. Do dd, cin phdi tifip cdn cd ehe, ehfnh sach thu htft, sff dung ngudn vfi'n dlu ttf phat trien cd tfnh hfi thdng, tdng thd, toan difin, ddt ttong he thdng chinh sdch phat tridn kinh tfi' - xa hfii eua qude gia, vilng vd dia phtfdng. Trong dd, dfii ngu cdn bp, nha't la edn bd hoach dinh chfnh sach efla dja phtfdng phai hieu rd, thiu ddo chu trtfdng cfla Nba ntfdc ve ddi mdi mfi hlnh tang tttfdng kinh td gan vdi ed cau lai ndn kinh te'. Phai ddi mdi ttf duy ttong xdy diftig ed chfi', chinh sdeh thu hut, sff dung hifiu qud ede ngudn life dau ttf bdi ban, hfi thdng: sff dung tifi't kifim, hifiu qud ngudn tai nguyfin thifin nhifin; lia chpn cdng nghfi cao; sff dtang lao dfing chat Itfdng ngay edng eao va ngudn vdn iff chinh tidm nang, stfc manh efla nfii ltfe, chtf khfing phdi ttfing ehd hay du^ ehu ydu, tham chi hoan toan tff NSNN, nguon vfi'n tff bfin ngodi, nhd't Id vdn vay.
Hai Id, tiep tuc nang cao chd't Itfdng xdy dtfng nfii dung, chi tieu danh gid hieu qua chfnh sdch du dai, hfi trd dd lao ra tinh ddc tbu, rifing cd cua dia phtfdng nb^ra tbu htft, sff dung hifiu qud ede ngudn vfi'n dlu tff phdt tiidn trfin dia ban Tinh.
(i) Ndng cao chdt lugng xdy dung ndi dung:
- Xay dffng kfi' hoaeh thu htft, sff dung ede ngudn vfi'n dlu tff. Tao lap can ctf khoa hpc - thtfc tifin dfi xay dtfng cd ehfi', ehinh sdch ddc thu tfu dai, hd ttd eta the, rifing eho tffng nganh vd ttfng dtf dn dlu ttf ttfin khdng gian, lanb thd eta the.
- Td ehtfc tridn khai kfi'hoach tbu but, sff dung ede nguon vdn dlu ttf phat tridn ea irong ntfdc vd ngoai ntfdc vao phat trien ngdnh, linh vut; vilng - tidu vhng, htf^g vao cdc nha dau ttf cd tiem lift;, stfc manh ve lai chinh, cfing nghfi, tin trtfdng; cac sd, nganh ho ttd ve thff tuc hanh cMnh, mdt bang, lao dfing; cac ddn vi cd sd thupc dia phtfdng phfi'i, kel hc^ vdl cdc sd nganh cdp ttfin, ban, nganh va ngtfdi dan ed sd dd id chffc trien khai kfi' hpach thu hut, sff diong vdn, thffe hifin xd hfii hda trong thu but vdn.
(ii) Xdy dung he thdng ehi tiiu dinh tinh vd dinh lugng.
Chi tifiu dinh tinh hifiu qua ttong tbu but, sff dung vd'n.
Chi tifiu dinh Itfdng thd hifin: Sfi' Itfdng vdn va ngudn vd'n dtfdc huy ddng, sd doanh nghifip tham gia san xua't, kinh doanh tifin dia bdn; Khfi'i Itfdng cfing vific da hodn
thdnh; he sdlCOR, vdng quay ddng vda..
GRDP tang vdi chat Itfdng cao, ben viftig vd kinh id; sd chfi viec lam cd gid tri gia ldng cao; GRDP/ngtfdi/ndm ldng Ien khfing ngiftig; so' ngrfdi nghfio theo tieu chi mdi gidm...
Ba Id, van dung dung dan cde ehinh sdch, nhd't Id chinh sdch lai cbinb - tien te vdo dieu kifin eu the cua dia phrfdng nbam tbtfc day thu hut, sff dung hifiu qua cac ngudn vfi'n dau trf phdt tiien.
Phai xdy dtTng he ehfnh sdch cung epng htfdng, tao ra nhffng didu kifin can thie't, ban dau thu but, bl^p din cdc nha dlu ttf. Chang ban, ba tang phai di titfdc mfit btfdc; thtfc hien phdt ttien, ket ndi ba ting giffa "ndi", ngdnh cd tiem nang Idi the' phdt trien vdi tidu vtfng - vung ttong tinh, vdi vung eua qufi'e gia, khu viTc va qud'c td; tidn banh marketing, qudng cdo, tifi'p thi cdc ngdnh bang gin vdi di xud'l, dinh hffdng dlu ttf vdi nhiJng chinh sdeh ihi dai rifing ed... vffa dd phdt tiidn thi tttfdng dau ra cbo san pbam, vtfa kfiu gpi cdc nhd dlu ttf dfi'n vdi dia phtfdng.
Bdn Id, tidp hie ndng cao ehdt Itfdng efing tae phdi kdt bdp giffa lanh dao dia phtfdng vdi cdc sd, ban nganh, ddn vj cd sd (cdp huyen, tbdnb phd), cdc doanh nghiep, dam bao eho vific xdy dtfng, ban hanh va td ehffc thffe hifin cd ehd, ehinh sdch dac thu tbu hut, sff dung bleu qud cac ngudn vdn dlu tff phdt trien.
Ndm Id, tidp tiie ndng eao hifiu qud cfing tae thanb tra, kiera tra, giam sdt qua trinh td chtfc thtfc hifin cd che, chinh sach ddc thu tbu but, sff dung cdc ngudn vfi'n dlu ttf. Trdng dd, Idy hifiu qua kinh td, xd bfii, mfii trtfdng, ddm bao trat ttr an loan xa bdi, an ninh bien gidi lam thrfdc do de thanh tta. Idem tta, xff ly vi pham ttong thtfc hien cd cbd, cbinb sdeh ddc thu thu hut, sff dung bieu qud vdn dau Iff.
Thfing qua cfing tdc thanh tta, kiem tta, giam sat; tdng ket, ddnh gid nhffng kfi't qud, ban chd xdy dimg can eff de rd sodt, chinh sffa, bd sung va hoan thien cd che, ehfnh sdch dac tbu thu hut, sff dung hipu qud cae ngudn vdn dau Iff phat ttien tten dia bdn tinb Lai Chdu.Q
TALLIEU THAM K H A O
1. Tinh fly Lai Chdu (2015-2018). Bdo cdo tinh hinh thuc hien nhiem vu cdc ndm. tandm 2015 din 2018
2. Sd Ke boacb va Dlu tff linh Lai Chau (2019). Bdo cdo tinh hinh thu hut vd sd dting vdn ddu tutinh Lai Chdu tUndm 2014 din thdng 09/2019
