Pada awal pembentukan TNI, alat utama sistem persenjataan (Alutsista) yang dipakai masih sangat terbatas jumlahnya dan sederhana teknologinya. Sebagian besar Alutsista pada saat itu merupakan peninggalan dan rampasan perang dari Belanda dan Jepang.
Kondisi seperi ini terus berlangsung sampai
akhir masa perjuangan bersenjata dalam upaya mempertahankan kemerdekaan dari rongrongan kekuatan asing yang ingin kembali berkuasa di Indonesia.
Memasuki periode 1950, Alutsista TNI memulai babak baru, dengan pengadaan dari luar negeri, terutama dari negara-negara blok barat yakni dari Amerika Serikat, Italia, Jerman Barat dan Belanda. Pada saat itu beberapa
ipe jenis pesawat dan kapal perang modern
mulai memperkuat jajaran Alutsista TNI. Tipe pesawat yang mulai memperkuat Alutsista TNI pada saat itu adalah pesawat P-51 Mustang, pesawat C-47 Dakota, pesawat AT-16 Harvard dan pesawat Amphibi Catalina. Sedangkan
ipe kapal perang yang menjadi kekuatan
Alutsista TNI pada saat itu adalah RI Rajawali,
RI Banteng, RI Pai Unus, dan RI Hang Tuah.
Pada periode 1960, Alutsista TNI mulai menampakkan kehadirannya sebagai kekuatan yang disegani di kawasan Asia Tenggara.
In the beginning of the formaion of the Indonesian Naional Army, its Main Equipment and Weapon Systems were limited terms of number and its technology was unreliable as well. Most of the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems were acquired from and consituted spoils of war from the Netherlands and Japan. This condiion coninued unil the end of the armed struggle in order to defend the independence from foreign forces seeking to reassume their control over Indonesia. The 1950s period was a new era for the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the Indonesian Naional Army in line with the procurement of supplies from foreign countries, paricularly from Western Bloc Countries namely the United States of America, Italy, West Germany and the Netherlands. At that ime, several types of modern war aircrats and war ships were in the inventory of the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the Indonesian Naional Army. Back then, the types of aircrats in the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the Indonesian Naional Army were P-51 Mustang, C-47 Dakota, AT-16 Harvard and Catalina Amphibi. Meanwhile, the types of war ships which were the main advantages of the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the
ALUTSISRA TNI
MAIN EQUIPMENT AND WEAPON SYSTEMS OF
THE INDONESIAN NATIONAL ARMY
Pada saat itu pengadaan Alutsista TNI lebih
didominasi oleh negara-negara dari blok imur, seperi Uni Soviet, Yugoslavia, Hongaria, dan
Polandia. Kecenderungan pengadaan alutsista
dari negara blok barat ke negara blok imur disebabkan oleh konstelasi poliik pada
saat itu. Jenis pesawat yang memperkuat alutsista pada periode ini adalah pesawat P-51 Mustang, MiG-15, MiG-17, MiG- 19, MiG-21, AN-12 Antonov, dan C-130 Hercules. Sedangkan jenis kapal perang yang memperkuat jajaran Alutsista TNI pada saat itu antara lain RI Siliwangi, RI Sisingamangaraja, RI Sanjaya, dan RI Sawunggaling, serta dua unit kapal selam kelas “Whiskey” yaitu RI Cakra dan RI Nanggala. Kekuatan Alutsista
TNI mencapai puncaknya keika Presiden RI
Soekarno mencanangkan Operasi Trikora guna mengembalikan wilayah Irian Barat ke dalam pangkuan RI. Pada saat itu sejumlah
besar alutsista dari negaranegara blok imur,
terutama dari Uni Soviet secara bertahap memperkuat kekuatan Alutsista TNI di antaranya 12 kapal selam dan sebuah kapal penjelajah ringan serta beberapa jenis pesawat tempur MiG. Sedangkan Alutsista untuk TNI AD mencakup sejumlah meriam berbagai kaliber,
morir berbagai kaliber, ranpur, ranis, alat
komunikasi, dan radar.
Kekuatan Alutsista TNI pada periode tahun 1970 sampai dengan 1975 mengalami masa pasang surut. Pada masa itu Alutsista TNI pengadaan tahun 1960-an dari negara blok
imur mulai dimakan usia serta sulitnya
mendapatkan suku cadang yang memadai. Hal ini disebabkan adanya pergeseran peta
poliik yang dianut di dalam negeri. Pada
periode 1976 kondisi Alutsista TNI mulai membaik dengan melakukan pengadaan alutsista baru dari negara-negara sahabat. Pada periode tahun 1980, Alutsista TNI mulai menapaki proses modernisasi secara bertahap, yaitu dengan pengadaan senjata
Indonesian Naional Army were RI Rajawali, RI Banteng, RI Pai Unus, and RI Hang Tuah. In the 1960s period, the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the Indonesian Naional Army were prominent in Southeast Asia region. At that ime, the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the Indonesian Naional Army were dominated by the products of Eastern Bloc Countries such as the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, Hungary and Poland. The shiting in the procurement of the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems was caused by the then poliical constellaion. The types of aircrat in the inventory of the weaponry system instruments were P-51 Mustang, MiG-15, MiG-17, MiG-19, MiG-21, an-12 Antonov, and C-130 Hercules, while the types of war ships in the inventory of the weaponry system instruments were, among other things, RI Siliwangi, RI Sisingamangaraja, RI Sanjaya, and RI Sawunggaling and two units of “Whiskey” class submarines namely RI Cakra and RI Nanggala. The Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the Indonesian Naional Army were at best when president of the Republic of Indonesia Soekarno declared the Trikora Operaion in order to reincorporate West Guinea to the Republic of Indonesia. At that ime, many types of weapons from the Eastern Bloc, paricularly the Soviet Union, were gradually servicing the Weaponry System of the Indonesian Naional Army, among other things 12 submarines and a light cruise ship and several types of MiG combat aircrat. Meanwhile, the Weaponry System of the Indonesian Naional Army comprised of a number of cannons with various calibers, mortars with various calibers, combaing vehicles, tacical vehicles, communicaion devices and radars. The period of 1970 up to 1975 was an unstable period for the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the Indonesian Naional Army. At that ime, the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems acquired in 1960s from the Eastern Bloc Countries started to be outdated and their spare parts
peluncur roket ani tank, roket launcher, morir (Kal-60,80,81), meriam ani serangan udara,
meriam lapangan (kal-105,155 mm), rudal RBS 70, Rapier, Harpoon, Exocet, maupun
ranpur dan ranis seperi AMX, Scorpion, V-150, Commando Scout, Unimog A. Yani. Pada
periode ini juga dilakukan pengadaan pesawat tempur F-5 Tiger II, pesawat A-4 Sky Hawk,
C-130 H Hercules, Hawk MK-53 dan Mulirole
F-16 Figthing Falcon. Sedangkan kapal perang yang bergabung menjadi kekuatan Alutsista
TNI pada saat itu adalah iga kapal perang
korvet kelas Fatahillah dari Belanda yaitu; KRI
Fatahillah, KRI Malahayai, dan kapal selam
KRI Nala. Sampai dengan saat ini kekuatan Alutsista TNI selalu dipengaruhi oleh kondisi keuangan Negara. Dalam membangun kekuatan Alutsista yang bisa dibanggakan, TNI selalu mengedepankan skala prioritas. Khususnya penekanan pada alutsista buatan
dalam negeri, seperi senjata ringan (SS-1, SS-
2), panser buatan Pindad, maupun Helicopter buatan PT DI, kapal laut (KRI Banjarmasin). Selain itu TNI memiliki pesawat helikopter baru jenis Mi-17 dan Mi-35 maupun Sukhoi dari Rusia. Kesemuanya ini diharapkan mampu menghasilkan kekuatan Alutsista TNI yang
memadai dan mempunyai daya tangkal inggi.
Panser-APS-6x6 Anoa buatan Pindad Tank Scorpion TNI AD
were diicult to ind. This situaion was caused by the shit in the domesic poliics. In the 1976 period, the condiion of the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the Indonesian Naional Army improved in line with the procurement of new Main Equipment and Weapon Systems from partner countries.
In the 1980-s period, the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the Indonesian Naional Army started to undergo gradual modernizaion namely through the procurement of ani-tank rocket launcher weapon, rocket launcher, mortar (caliber-60,80,81), ani air atack cannon, ield cannon (caliber 105.155 Mm), RBS 70 missile, Rapier, Harpoon, Exocet, and combaing vehicles and tacical vehicles such as AMX, Scorpion, V-150, Commando Scout, Unimog A. Yani. In this period, F-5 Tiger II, A-4 Skyhawk, C-130 H Hercules, Hawk MK-53 and mulirole F-16 Figthing Falcon combaing aircrats were procured. Meanwhile, war ships supporing the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the Indonesian Naional Army at that ime were three Fatahillah class corvete war ships from the Netherlands, namely KRI Fatahillah, KRI Malahayai, and KRI Nala submarine. Unil the present, the capacity of the Main Equipment and Weapon Systems of the Indonesian Naional Army depends on the inancial condiion of the country. In order to achieve reputable Main Equipment and Weapon Systems, the Indonesian Naional Army always stresses on priority scales, paricularly domesic weaponries, such as light weapons (SS-1, SS-2), panser manufactured Pindad, and helicopter manufactured by PT DI, ships (KRI Banjarmasin). In addiion, the Indonesian Naional Army has had Mi-17 and Mi-35 type aircrats and Sukhoi from Rusia. All of these weaponries are expected to be able to produce reliable weaponry capacity and high deterrent efect. Pansam BTR-50 Korps Marinir TNI-AL TANK AMPHIBI PT-76 Korps