A STUDY ON CHRIS GARDNER SUFFERING IN Â“THE PURSUIT OF HAPPYNESSÂ”FILM BY GABRIELE MUCHINO THESIS

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A

STUDY ON CHRIS GARDNER SUFFERING IN “THE PURSUIT

OF

HAPPYNESS”FILM BY GABRIELE MUCHINO

THESIS

By:

AGUS MAWARDI

09360148

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

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i

This thesis written by Agus Mawardi was approved on May 2nd, 2014.

By:

Advisor II, Advisor I,

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ii

This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of the Faculty of Teacher

Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang

and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve

Sarjana Degree in English Education

on May 2,2014.

Approved by:

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Dean,

Dr. Poncojari Wahyono, M.Kes

Examiners: Signatures:

1. Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si 1. ……….

2. Wahyu Taufiq, S.Pd, M,Ed 2. ……….

3. Puji Sumarsono, S.Pd,M.Ed 3. ……….

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iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

“God acquiescence depends on the acquiescence of our parent, and

God anger also depends on the anger of our parent”

(HR.at-Tarmidzi)

“Science is Islam life and the pillar of faith”

(HR. Abu Syekh)

“

Whoever wants the mundane, it must be by science, and whoever

wants the divine, it must be by science, and whoever wants both, it

mush be by science

”

(HR.Muslim)

“

Any human with greatest regret in the judgment Day are those when

their life give theme opportunity to pursue for science, they do not try

to achieve it”

(HR. Ibnu’ Asakir)

DEDICATION

I dedicate this thesis especially to:

My beloved Daddy

My sweetheart Mom

My lovely Sister & Brother

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Alhamdulillahi Rabbil „Alamin, Wassholatu Wassalamu „Ala Rasulillah, after a long tired hardship, finally this thesis could be completed under supports of many hands. The researcher would like to express the deepest thank to Allah SWT for blessing him, guidance and mercy in finishing this thesis.

For my advisor Mr. Puji Sumarsono,S.Pd, M,Pd and Dr. Sri Hartiningsih M.M, thank you very much for your patience, contribution, valuable suggestion, correction care as well as constructive criticism which lead to useful improvement and suggestion that you give to me to complete this thesis.

My deepest gratitude is also addressed to my beloved family especially my parents, H Imam Mawardi Rahmad and Hj Suhartini who always pray for me every day and give me love, motivation, attention, and financial supports. “For my Father sorry I could not show my graduation before you back to Allah SWT, but I know we

will meet soon and happy again, thanks a lot and I LOVE YOU so much”. I also

thanks to my beloved Sister and Brother, Rina Dwi Aisyah and Roni Bagus Supriono, they are my biggest motivation to be successful people, always pray for me every day and every night, teach me how to become a good man for family and for Allah SWT, I would say thank you and I love you so much my apple family.

The special thank also goes to all my friends in University of Muhammadiyah Malang whom I cannot mention one by one. My biggest thanks also dedicated to my friends Septian, Ayuning, Priska, Rini, Uud, Desy, Yunita, Ghanes, Yayi, Dino, Fikri

and C1’09 class. Thanks for your support and relationship.

Malang, 2 May 2014 The Researcher,

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A STUDY ON CHRIS GARDNER SUFFERING IN “THE PURSUIT OF HAPPYNESS” FILM BY GABRIELE MUCHINO

ABSTRACT

Literature is an imagination work that gives enjoyment and knowledge to the readers. They will get enjoyment when they read. Besides, literature gives deep and wide advantages about culture. One way to express human expressions to appreciate with literary and all human live have been written in the kind of literary.

The purpose of this studying to find out the suffering of the main character, Chris Gardner. To describe the causes of Chris Gardner’s suffering, to explain Chris

Gardner’s ways to solve his suffering in the film of “The Pursuit of Happyness”. In

conducting this study, the researcher applied descriptive qualitative research as the research design because it explained about the phenomena which had already existed in the film. The researcher used objective approach because in analyzing this film the

researcher did not study the author’s life, author’s feeling and emotion, the idea of

society or educational background, but the researcher focused on analyzing the

author’s work.

Based on the result of data analysis, it was found that there were three kinds of

Chris Gardner’s suffering in the film they are Chris had been left by Linda for going

to New York, Chris was disappointed and frustrated because he could not pay the motel and Chris was hit a by car. Then, there were three causes of Chris Gardner’s

suffering. They are Chris Gardner’s carelessness to tying to be entrepreneur, Chris

Garner did not learn from past experience and Chris Gardner took the Bone Density Scanner from madman. Afterwards, there were three the ways Chris solved his suffering. They were Chris Gardner did positive action, Chris Gardner was queued in glade memorial to get a room sleep, and tried to sell the Bone Density Scanner.

Keywords: (Literature, film, the Pursuit of Happyness, Chris Garner’s suffering,

Bone Density Scanner)

Advisor I, The Researcher,

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vi

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

“God acquiescence depends on the acquiescence of our parent, and God

anger also depends on the anger of our parent”

(HR.at-Tarmidzi)

“Science is Islam life and the pillar of faith”

(HR. Abu Syekh)

“

Whoever wants the mundane, it must be by science, and whoever wants the

divine, it must be by science, and whoever wants both, it mush be by science

”

(HR.Muslim)

“

Any human with greatest regret in the judgment Day are those when their life

give theme opportunity to pursue for science, they do not try to achieve it”

(HR. Ibnu’ Asakir)

DEDICATION

I dedicate this thesis especially to:

My beloved Daddy

My sweetheart Mom

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL ... i

LEGALIZATION ... ii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION... iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... iv

ABSTRACT ... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vi

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the Study ... 1

1.2. Statement of the Problem ... 5

1.3. Purpose of the Study ... 5

1.4. Significance of the Study ... 5

1.5. Scope and Limitation ... 6

1.6. Definition of Key Terms ... 6

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1. Literature ... 7

2.2. Film ... 8

2.3. Genre of Film ... 9

2.3.1. Action-adventure ... 9

2.3.2. Animation Film ... 9

2.3.3. Children Film ... 9

2.3.4. Comedy Film ... 10

2.3.5. Crime Film ... 10

2.3.6. Drama Film ... 10

2.3.7. Horror Film ... 10

2.3.8. Musical Film ... 11

2.3.9. Mystery Film ... 10

2.3.10. Romance Film ... 11

2.3.11. War Film ... 12

2.4. The Element of Film ... 12

1. Character, Characteristic, and Characterization ... 12

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3. Setting ... 14

4. Conflict ... 15

5. Dialogue ... 15

6. Theme ... 15

2.5. Definition of suffering ... 16

2.6. Kinds of suffering ... 16

2.7. The causes of suffering ... 17

2.8. The way to solve suffering ... 18

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1. Research Design... 20

3.2. Approach ... 21

3.2.1 Expressive Approach ... 21

3.2.2 Pragmatic Approach ... 21

3.2.3 Mimetic Approach ... 22

3.2.4 Objective Approach ... 22

3.3. The Object of Research ... 22

3.4. Data Collection ... 23

3.5. Data Analysis ... 24

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1. Research Findings ... 25

4.1.1. The kinds of Chris Suffering in “The Pursuit of Happyness” Film ... 25

4.1.1.1 Psychological Suffering ... 26

4.1.1.1.1. Chris had been left by Linda for going to New York ... 26

4.1.1.1.2. Chris was disappointed because he could not pay the motel ... 28

4.1.1.2 Physical Suffering ... 30

4.1.1.2.1 Chris was hit a by car ... 31

4.1.2. The causes of Chris’s suffering ... 32

4.1.2.1. Bad Behaviour ... 33

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4.1.2.1.2 Chris did not learn from past experience.

... 30

4.1.2.2. Destiny from God ... 38

4.1.2.1. Chris took the bone density scanner from

madman ... 38

4.1.3. Solution ... 39

4.1.3.1.Chris did positive action. ... 40

4.1.3.2 Chris was queuing in glade memorial to get a room for sleep ... 40

4.1.3.3 Trying to sell the bone density scanner. ... 41 4.2. Discussion ... 43

CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION

5.1. Conclusion ... 46 5.2. Suggestion ... 47

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abrams, M.H. 1985. A. Glossary of Literary Terms, Sixth Edition. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winstor, Inc.

Ary,Donald. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education. New York: CBS College

Publishing

Arp.Thomas. 2006. Literature structure, sound and sense ninth edition. United state of America: Michael Resemble.

Dirks. 2010. Main Film Genre. Retrieved from http://www.filmsite.org/genres.html

Diyanni, Robert. 2002. Literature; Reading fiction, poetry, and Drama. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Eliade, Mircea. 1987. The Encyclopedia of Religion. New York: MacmillanPublishing Company.

Engleton,Terry. 1996. Literary theory an Introduction second edition. Great Britain: Blackwell Publishers Ltd.

Hartiningsih, Sri. 2001. Introduction to Literature. Unpublished Handbook. University of Muhammadiyah Malang.

Iwuchukwu. 2008. An Introduction to Literary Criticsm. Lagos: National Open University of Nigeria.

Koesnosoebroto, Basuki. 1988.The Anathomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi.

Macmillan. 1984. Understanding Literature. California: Macmillan Publishing Company, a division of Macmillan, Inc.

Nugroho, Widyo & Muchji, Achmad. 1994. Ilmu Budaya Dasar. Jakarta : Gunadarma

Prasetya, Joko Tri. et al. 1991. Ilmu Budaya Dasar. 3rd Edition. Jakarta: Penerbit Rineka.

Schmidt, Crockett, Bogarad.2006.”Legacies Fiction, Poetry, Drama, Nonfiction 3rd

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents the background of study, the statement of the problem,

purpose of study, the significance of study, the scope and limitation, and definition of

key terms.

1.1 Background of the study

Literature is an imagination work that gives enjoyment and knowledge to the

readers. They will get enjoyment when they read. Besides, literature gives deep and

wide advantages about culture. One way to express human expressions is to

appreciate with literary and all human live have been written in the kind of literary.

Eagleton defines that literatures are written works in the sense of imaginative fiction,

writing which are not literary true (1996:1).

Studying literature is an activity that gives us some new experiences because

it contains of human feelings, human life, love, etc. Stableford (2007:10) states that

literature means the production of written works having excellent form of expression

and dealing with ideas of permanent interest. People who read literary works

seriously and really understand, they will be influenced and involved in a story, they

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story. By reading literary works, people can also get knowledge about human’s life

and the things that can happen in a society and what human being has experienced in

our life or describes the reality.

Literature springs from our inborn love of telling a story, of arranging word in

pleasing patterns, of expressing in word some special aspect of our human

experience. It is usually set down in printed characters for us to read, though some

forms of it are performed on certain social occasion (Iwuchukwu, 2008:2). According

to Indah (2007), there are a number of difference branches of literature such as film,

poetry, the novel, the story, and also drama, all these are works of imagination arising

from man’s capacity for invention.

One of literary branches is film. Film is the combination between moving

picture and audio becomes audiovisual, it is one of media audiovisual that contains

sounds, video, animation, and picture, usually shown in a cinema or on television and

often telling a story (Vassiliou, 2006 :2). Film is created by director, writer and

cinematographer, to show how people behave, manner and act in real society.

According to Cosseti (1999:73), film is cultural artifacts created by specific culture,

which reflects those cultures, and in turn, affect them. Mostly, film raises story

happen in society related to the problems in daily life. It also entertaining and gives

the message to the audience. There are many categories in the film such as romantic,

documentary, thriller, fantasy, comedies, action, science fiction, classical, and drama

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Film always gives the message to the audience. Message here means that the

positive message, but sometimes there one audiences who misunderstood about the

message. As a result, the message that should be positive becomes negative.

Moreover, film also has some benefits for people such us increasing our imagination,

learning about new things, practicing the foreign languages, learning understanding

the new cultural in other country, and seeing the conditional of city in the film.

In addition, all of human experience suffering in life; it is the opposite of

happiness. Something when their emotion are too intense and easily around sad, they

can easily get them into trouble since their life do not feel peace, they become

worried about the safety and afraid of their properties those emotions can make them

stress and depress. Therefore, they always live in worrying and make their life in

suffering, it is enduring or feeling something unpleasant (Nugroho and Mudji, 1996).

A previous research related to suffering was conducted by Sari (2006),

entitled A Study on Harry potter’s suffering in J.K.Rowling’s Novel “Harry potter

and the order of the phoenix” found that the suffering for life of Harry Potter comes

from beggars and it is supported by his suffer to have better life. It makes his strive to

reach the superiority and power. This is a fiction film, it is one of part of genre film

that contains imaginative story and it does not related to the fact. The example genres

of this film are Harry Potter, Narnia, Golden Compass, Eragon, Etc.

The researcher would like to discuss about Chris Gardner suffering in “the

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this film is drama, it is a picture related to the emotional reality of a person such as

Jane Eyre, Pride Prejudice, The queen, Etc.

“The Pursuit of Happyness” is a 2007 drama film tells about love, struggle,

and suffering of life directed by Gabriele Mocchino. Starting in San Francisco, Chris

was smart salesman. He invested the family saving in Bone Density Scanners. He

faced several problems in his life such as, Chris Gardner had trouble with his

relationship, his wife left him and move to New York, he didn’t have money to pay the apartment rent and he was rendered homeless because he couldn’t pay his rent. This is very interesting because it tells about suffering of men to have better live.

After knowing the film’s case, it was chosen as the object of the study for some reasons. First, film is a media of communication and education; it can be used

as teaching materials in Speaking subject, listening subject and pronunciation

practice. Second, the events (the story of the film) which can be based on

imagination, experience or phenomena can give the audience exploration of human

feeling, personality, expression, and problems. In film, there are many characters of

people and human action. It means that film as a mirror of social situation will show

what happens in society as a reflection and expression of human feeling happiness,

mind, characteristicand sorrow. People can learn many things from film because it

contains many valuable lessons, messages, and pleasure. Third, the previous research

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1.2Statement of the Problem.

Based on the background of the study above, the research problems are:

1. What kinds of Chris Gardner’s sufferings in “The Pursuit of Happyness” film by Gabriele Mucchino?

2. What are the causes of Chris Gardner’s sufferings in “The Pursuit of

Happyness” film by Gabriele Mucchino?

3. How does Chris Gardner solve his sufferings in “The Pursuit of Happyness” film by Gabriele Mucchino?

1.3Purpose of the Study

The purposes of the study are formulated to answer the question as follows:

1. To find out the reasons of suffering of Chris Gardner’s in “The Pursuit of

Happyness” film by Gabriele Mucchino.

2. To describe the causes of Chris’s suffering in “The Pursuit of Happyness” film by Gabriele Mucchino.

3. To explain Chris Gardner solved his suffering in “The Pursuit of Happyness” film by Gabriele Mucchino.

1.4Significance of the Study

After studying and analyzing the problem, the writer expects that this study will

give contributions and to be useful for the following groups:

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 For the teacher, this study could be used as an additional reference material in studying and teaching literature.

 For future researchers, this study would be a reference to have a research in the same area with different topic.

1.5 Scope and Limitation

This study is focused on the film “The Pursuit of Happyness”. There are several topics that can be analyzed in this film, but this study only focuses on

suffering. The scope of this study is related with Chris Gardner suffering in “The

Pursuit of Happyness” film. It limits on the kind of suffering, causes and ways of

Chris Gardner to solve his suffering in “The Pursuit of Happyness” film. 1.6 Definitions of Key Term

1. Suffering is enduring or feeling something unpleasant (Nugroho and Mudji

,1996).

2. Film is the combination between moving picture and audio become

audiovisual, it is one of media audiovisual that contains sounds, video,

animation, and picture, usually shown in a cinema or on television and often

telling a story (Vassiliou, 2006 : 2).

3. The Pursuit of Happyness is a drama film directed by Gabriele Mucchino

and show in cinema 2007.