THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OUTDOOR LEARNING FOR 3RD GRADE EYL AT SDN TULUNGREJO 4 BUMIAJI BATU

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

This research presents such topics as: background of the study,

statement of the problem, hypothesis, purpose of the study, significance of the

study, scope and limitation, and definition of the key terms. Each section is

presented as follows.

1.1Background of the Study

There are many languages used as a means of communication by people

all over the world. Brown (2007) stated that language is a systematic, set of

arbitrary human symbol, essentially although possibly not limited for human,

acquired by all people in much the same way. One of them is English. It has a

role as an International language. It is known as the first foreign language

taught in Indonesia. English is important for the development of science and

technology. Therefore, in Indonesia it is taught from Elementary School up to

University.

In the 2000s, English was no longer as subject but the language of

instruction in class in school of Indonesia that initiated bilingual school or

National School International Standard. However, in January 2013, the

International Standard School (RSBI) was eliminated from the curriculum

because of some reasons. The reasons included the deterioration of student’s

language in Indonesia and gaps that only those who were from well to do

families could effort that education. On the one side it was encouraging the

2

followed by immediate abolition of English lesson as local content in Elementary School.

That discourse has emerged to eliminate first, but it has not been decided by the

government. In the long term, gradually English must have been completely eliminated

from Elementary School (Primary School) before academic year 2016/2017.

However, the elimination of English from primary school is contrary to the theory

that introduction of foreign language should have been done earlier. In the country, the

theory about introducing foreign language in childhood is not appropriate with the policy

of abolishing English from primary school.

Basically, in teaching young learners, teachers should be creative. They have to

master wide range of practical technique of teaching. Teachers are also expected to raise

students’ motivation, which in turn can also assist teachers in achieving the learning

objectives that have been planed and advance. Teacher and student teachers are expected to

develop ways or techniques to teach themselves according to the needs, circumstance, and

draft class condition at a local school.

According to Suyanto (2009), learning activities should not always be done in the

classroom. Occasionally students need to be invited to the outside of the classroom to learn

more about the environment around them. They can enrich their vocabulary because there

are things that have not been taught in class.

In the process of learning, the teacher’s duty is to provide information and help

students get new knowledge, all of which can be obtained not only by classroom activities

but also outdoor learning.

In the previous study conducted by Dyment (2003), it was found that the impacts of

green school ground initiative at 45 elementary, middle, and high school in the Toronto

District School Board. As part of their study, Dyment also conducted in-depth interviews

number of common benefits of greening initiatives. For example, 90% of respondents

reported that student enthusiasm and engagement in learning increased on green school

grounds as compared to teaching indoors and 70% of respondents reported that their

motivation for teaching increased on green school grounds as compared to teaching

indoors. She was conclude the report by providing a series of high- level policy

recommendations to assist school across Ontario in successfully implementing and

realizing the full benefits of school ground greening initiatives.

In Indonesia, Adiwiyata is a program organized by the Ministry of the Environment

in order to encourage the creation of knowledge and awareness of the school for school

environment care. The purpose is to make good condition for the school as a comfortable

place of learning.

SDN Tulungrejo 4 BumiajiBatu is one of elementary schools awarded Adiwiyata in

National level. This school is classified as school that has large land. It has a very

supportive local area. There are classroom, library, school yard, school garden, and healthy

canteen. They are used as a means of environmental learning by the students. In 2013

curriculum teaching learning process should have a theme or known as thematic learning.

Integrated thematic learning is learning that uses the theme to associate some subjects that

can provide meaningful experience to learners.

As a substitute teacher in 3rd grade, the researcher found a good responds from the

students in teaching and learning process. When the researcher invited the students in

outdoor learning, they were more active and interested about what they should learn in that

day. From those situations, the researcher wants to know the effectiveness of outdoor

learning.

Based on those statements, it is necessary to create an effective and creative

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Is outdoor learning effective for 3rd grade EYL at SDN Tulungrejo 4 Bumiaji, Batu?

1.3Hypothesis

The researcher states the hypothesis as below:

 Alternative hypothesis (Hi): outdoor learning is effective for 3rd _{grade EYL at SDN}

effectiveness of outdoor learning for 3rd grade EYL at SDN Tulungrejo 4 Bumiaji, Batu.

1.5Significance of the Study

The researcher expects that this study can give valuable contribution in education

and some advantages for several parties who are related to this study:

1. Teachers

It is hoped that the teachers can obtain additional information and select appropriate

technique in teaching English for young learners.

This research can be used as a reference for the students of English Department when they

conduct teaching practice at school.

3. Next Researcher

The result of this research is also expected to give benefit to next researchers who want to

conduct research on the other subjects. Hopefully, this research can provide additional

information about technique in teaching English for young learners.

1.6Scope and Limitation

The scope of this research is the effectiveness of outdoor learning. The limitation of

this research is in 3rd _{grade EYL at SDN Tulungrejo 4 Bumiaji, Batu class A and B}

consisting of 27 and 28 students.

1.7Definition of the Key Terms

The definition of the key terms is aimed at avoiding misunderstanding of the

concepts which are used in this study. The terms which need to be defined are as

follows:

1. Effectiveness in this research is defined as the treatment given to the students in order

to meet the purpose of study. In this case, it can be seen from the data that is collected

by the researcher through pre-test and post-test.

2. Outdoor Learning is an activity outside of school which contains outdoors activities

the classroom/ school and the other in the wild. (Husamah:2013)

3. Teaching English for Young Learners is not only delivery the materials itself, but

also encouraging and stimulating young learners to think creatively.

(Cameron:2001)

4. SDN Tulungrejo 4 is one of Elementary School of Adiwiyata in Bumiaji, Batu,

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OUTDOOR LEARNING FOR 3

RD

GRADE EYL AT SDN TULUNGREJO 4 BUMIAJI BATU

THESIS

By:

UMI KHURIATUL NGAINIAH

201110100311069

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OUTDOOR LEARNING FOR 3

RD

GRADE EYL AT SDN TULUNGREJO 4 BUMIAJI BATU

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve

Sarjana Degree in English Education

By:

UMI KHURIATUL NGAINIAH

201110100311069

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

Motto and Dedication

”Barang siapa berjalan untuk menuntut ilmu maka Allah akan

memudahkan baginya jalan ke surga” (HR. Muslim)

Donna toki ni mo inori o wasurenaide

“Every place is a school, everyone is a teacher” (Paulo Freire)

“Think big thoughts, but relish small pleasures”

“Bersyukur dan Tersenyumlah 

“

This thesis is dedicated to:

My beloved parents Mr. Mudhofir and Mrs. Suyati.

The big Family of Mr. Suwondo S.Pd and Mrs. Dra Thathit Manon Andini, M. Hum

My Brothers and sister

My beloved friends of English dept. 2011

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE ... i

APPROVAL ... ii

LEGALISATION ... iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iv

ORIGINALITY DECLARATION ... v

ABSTRACT ... vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... ix

REFERENCES ... xii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Statement of Problem ... 4

1.3 Hypothesis ... 4

1.4 Purpose of Study... 5

1.5 Significance of Study... 5

1.6 Scope and Limitations ... 6

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ... 7

2.1 Definition of Learning ... 7

2.2 Definition of The Principle of English Learning in Elementary School .... 8

2.3 Definition of Young Learners... 9

2.3.1 Characteristic of Young Learners ... 9

2.3.2 Factors that Affect EYL Learning ... 11

2.3.3 EYL Learning Activities………. 13

2.4 Outdoor Learning ... 13

2.4.1 Concept of Outdoor Learning……….14

2.4.2 The Advantages of Outdoor Learning………17

2.4.3 The Element of Outdoor Learning………...18

2.5 The Way to Implement of Outdoor Learning……….18

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY. ... 20

3.1 Research Design ... 20

3.2 Population and Sample ... 22

3.3 Research Instrument ... 22

3.4 Data Collection ... 23

3.5 Data Analysis ... 26

CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 27

4.1.1 The Result of Experimental and Control Group Pre-Test Scores ... 27

4.1.2 The Result of Experimental and Control Group Post-Test Scores . 29 4.2 Discussion ... 31

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 34

5.1 Conclusion ... 34

5.2 Suggestion ... 34

APPENDIXES

A. Pre-test and Post-test

B. Pre-test and Post-test Scores

C. The Result of SPSS

D. Research Licenses

E. Lesson Plan

G. Text Material

REFERENCES

Ary, D., Jacobs, L.C., Sorensen, C. & Razavieh, A. 2010. Introduction to Reasearch

in Education. Eighth Edition. Canada, United States of America: Wadsworth

Cengage Laerning.

Brown, Douglas. 2000. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching (fourth

edition). Addison Longman, Inc.

Brown, Keith. 2010. Curriculum for excellence through outdoor learning. ISBN.

Scotland.

Creswell. John. W. 2012. Educational Research” Planning, conducting and

evaluating quantitative and quantitative research. Boston, America.

Cameron, Lyne. 2001. Teaching Language to Young Learners. USA: Cambridge

University Press.

Hidayah, dkk. 2015. Brilliant Grade 4 for Elementary School. PT JePe Press Media

Utama: Surabaya.

Husamah, 2013. Pembelajaran luar kelas “Outdoor Learning”. Prestasi Pustakarya.

Jakarta.

Kusuma, D.Ida. 2012. Active English. Tiga Serangkai Pustaka Mandiri: Solo.

Lee, Linda. 2005. All Star “Standard based English”. Mc-Graw-Hill ESL/ELT. New

York. America.

Rickinson, Mark. et all. 2004. A review of Research on Outdoor Learning. National

Sabilah, Fardini. 2004. Teaching English to Young Learners; It’s Policy, Framework, and activities –based teaching. Unpublished students’ Book. Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

Setyaningrum, Rina, W. et all. 2014. Penelitian Pengembangan IPTEKS.

Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris SD Menyongsong Implementasi

Kurikulum 2013. Malang.

Suyanto, Kasihani .K.E. 2010. English for Young Learners. Jakarta: PT. Bumi

Aksara

Suyono. 2014. Belajar dan Pembelajaran. Remaja Rosdakarya: Bandung.

Trisno, Rudy, dkk. 2007. Learn English With Tito Grade 4 for Elementary School.

PT JePe Press Media Utama: Surabaya.

Dyment, J. 2005. “Gaining ground: The power and potential of school ground greening in the Toronto District School Board: Evergreen (V.3)

http://www.evergreen.ca/en/lg/gaining_ground.pdf . Accessed on July 15th 2015.

Flashcard-fruits.pdf. http://www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglishkids. _{Accessed on} August 9th 2015.