DEVELOPING LEARNING MATERIAL OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT FOR
THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS AS SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
A THESIS
Submitted to Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the
Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By:
FRIKSON SIBURIAN Registration Number : 2123121017
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
ABSTRACT
Siburian, Frikson. Registration Number: 2123121017. Developing Learning Material of Descriptive Text for the Tenth Grade Students as Supplementary Material.
The objective of this study was to develop learning material on descriptive text based on the students’ needs as a supplementary material. This research was conducted as research and development (R & D). The textbook that was used by the tenth grade students contained too much unfamiliar material. Instruments used in this research were questionnaire and interview. The data were taken from the books, internet and environment. The result of this study was a learning material that can be used as a supplementary material. The developed learning material consisted of two units, namely: Describing peoples and Describing places. In describing peoples there were two texts namely describing public figure (Jokowi Dodo) and describing an Idol (Agnes Monica). The second unit consisted of three texts namely; Azizi mosque, Tangkahan and Bukit Lawang. Each of the text consisted of two kinds of assessment. The result of validation and reliability showed that the product was excellent and appropriate to be used for public.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The researcher would like to express his deepest gratitude to Jesus Christ, the
Almighty and Most Beneficial for His Grace, Guidance, Praise, Honour, and Mercy
that has been given to the researcher so that he finally accomplished his thesis entitled: “Developing learning Material of Descriptive Text as a Supplementary Material for the Grade X of High School”.
This thesis is aimed to fulfill one of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana
Pendidikan of the English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State
University of Medan (UNIMED).
In completing this thesis, the researcher realized that he faced some problems
during the research and he had received the academic guidance, suggestions, and
comments and got a lot of assistance and moral support from many people. Therefore,
the researcher would like to express his gratitude and special thanks to:
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M. Pd., as the Rector of State University of Medan. Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M. Hum., as the Dean of Faculty of Languages and Arts. Prof. Dr .Hj. Sumarsih, M. Pd., as the Head of English and Literature
Department as well as his Examiner
Dra. Meisuri, MA., the secretary of English and Literature Department as well as His Advisors, for her valuable time, knowledge, and guidance with all her patience
and wisdom during the process of accomplishing this thesis.
Nora Ronita Dewi, S.S, S. Pd, M. Hum., as the Head of English Educational Study Program.
Drs. Elia Masa Ginting. S,. M.Hum and Anggraini Thesisia Saragih, S.Pd. M. Hum his Examiners for their valuable input to furnish this thesis.
Dr. Anni Holila Pulungan, M. Hum his Validator to review the product of the research so it can be used for public
Dra. Hj. Mirohmayanur, M. Pd the Headmaster of SMA. N 1 Gebang for giving the permission to the researcher during the research.
Drs. Sabar Purba the English teacher of SMA N 1 Gebang for helping the Researcher during the research and all the students of SMA 1 Gebang, especially
the 10th -3 class for being the object of the research.
My beloved parents J. Siburian (+) and R. br. Sinaga (+) thanks for everything and hopefully they are proud of me.
My beloved brother Frianto Siburian, for the support and spirit.
My beloved family, B. Sinaga’s family, for helping him during the study.
Special thanks for Betharia S. Pandia, a great woman who always helps and supports during the researcher’s study and the thesis accomplishing process.
My Beloved friend “The Black Ribbon” Betharia, Berman, Bertha, Citra, Malawita and Petrus for the great experience during 4 years of togetherness and friendship.
My beloved friends of Reg C 2012 and all people who help the researcher in finishing this thesis.
The researcher realizes that this thesis still has the paucity; He conveniently
welcomes any suggestions, comments and advices that will improve the quality of
this thesis. He hopes that this thesis would be useful for those who read and interest
in the field of this study.
Medan, October 2016
The researcher,
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a. The Differences between Learning and Teaching Material... 7
b. SBT in Printed Paper as A Supplementary Material ... 8
c. Learning Material Development ... 10
2. Reading Skill ... 12
CHAPTER IV: Data Analysis and Material Development ……… ... 33
A. Preliminary....………. ... 33
1. Needs Analysis ………..… ... 33
a. Students’ needs analysis ………..……… ... 35
2. Planning……… ... 39
3. Making Blueprint ……… ... 40
B. Material Development ……… ... 40
1. Making of initial product ……… ... 40
2. Revising the learning material ……… ... 44
C. Validity and Reliability ………... 44
1. Validity ……… ... 44
2. Reliability ……… ... 46
CHAPTER V: Conclusions and Suggestions ……… ... 49
A. Conclusions ……… ... 49
B. Suggestions ……… ... 50
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LIST OF TABLE
Table 1.1. The differences between learning and teaching material ……….…….7
Table 2.1. Genres and its social function ……….18
Table 3.1. Validation range ………..32
Table 4.1 Analysis of the text book material ………...34
Table 4.2 The students’ needs analysis………... 35
Table 4.3 The teacher’s supporting ideas analysis………37
Table 4.4 Validation Score from the First validator...44
Table 4.5 Validation Score from the second Validator ………45
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A Analysis of the text book material ……… 54
APPENDIX B Analysis of students’ needs ……… 55
APPENDIX C The teacher’s supporting ideas analysis from the interview... 61
APPENDIX D Validation score from 1stvalidator ……….. 62 APPENDIX E Validation score from 2nd validator ………. 66 APPENDIX F The Reliability of Developed English learning Material …… 70
APPENDIX G The Existing Syllabus ……… 71
APPENDIX H The Existing Lesson Plan ………... 75
APPENDIX I The existing material ………. 81
APPENDIX J The English learning material (Product) ……… 106
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of the Study
Learning material is an important element in learning process. It helps
students in adding and completing their knowledge. Learning material is used as a
source that facilitates students to get information, knowledge, and skills out of
schools’ teaching and learning process (Tomlinson, 2008: 114). Sometimes, the
material in class is not enough for the students to get the knowledge based on the
curriculum expectation. That is why the role of learning material is really
important in the learning process.
Reading becomes the most important aspect in learning and getting
information. There are so many information that we can get from reading. Such as
knowledge, history, places, person, food, technology, etc. (Bachman.ed. in
Alderson , 2000: x)
English learning material is consists of four skills namely listening,
speaking, reading, and writing. Reading can help students to master other skills
better. At school, students are given some texts genres to read. The genres mean
are narrative, recount, descriptive, explanations, procedures, expositions etc.
Curriculum expectation (Kurikulum 2013) for the tenth grade students is the
students should be able to analysis and understand about the generic structure,
social function and language features of descriptive text. Descriptive text itself is
divided in to three materials, namely: describing people, tourism and historical
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However, based on the writer’s experience during the inservice training
program in SMA Negeri 1 Gebang, Langkat, grade 10th, there was a problem in
the material. The suitability of the material was still not achieved. The material
about descriptive text that served in the book was not familiar to the students. So,
the material could not fulfill the students’ needs and students can’t fulfill the
curriculum expectations.
The succeses of school reading programs are depending on the part of the
quality and suitability of the materials selected for using in school districts. The
quality talks about the target of the material itself. The material must achieve the
students’ need at class and at home. The suitability talks about the content use in
the material. The material should be used the local content and familiar for
students (Schoenbach, et al 2012:39). It also makes sense to assume that the
success of school reading programs will depend on some degree upon how
well-and to what extent-teachers well-and students use these materials (Dole well-and Osborn,
2007:8).
The descriptive texts materials which are served in the book were not
familiar and interesting for the students, because most of students are never visited
and saw the object on the material. It was of course affected to their willingness
and ability in reading. Reading is influenced by situational factors, when students
read the suitable and on their area of understanding, the information from the text
will be gotten easily (Schoenbac, et al 2012:39) or in other way the reader is
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Children who are familiar with text, will benefit much in comprehending
reading text than those who are forced to read (Garton 2000:238), and so are the
students who are more interested to read something they familiar with or things
happen in their daily lives.
There are some researches which showed the benefit of supplementary
material. Watanapokakul (2001) for example, found that only 3,4% students did
not like the supplementary material, and they tended to have positive opinions
towards the materials used in their study. Another research by Ojha (2010) who
found the benefit of using supplementary material as a learning material, there
were about 95% students agreed that the reading activity was interesting. It could
broaden their knowledge, and it was helpful in improving their understanding
textbooks. Other research showed the benefit of supplementary material by Asraf,
et al (2013) who found that providing supplementary reading materials were not
only fulfilling the students’ needs and interest in reading, but also changed their
general attitude towards reading in a positive manner. Based on the research
above, it is important to develop a reading material as supplementary material.
Therefore, in this study the writer was focused on the development of a
learning material about descriptive text for the tenth grade students as a
supplementary material.
B. The Problem of the Study
Based on the background of the study, this research problem was
formulated as the following “what text that should be developed for tenth grade
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C. The Objective of the Study
The objective of this study was to develop learning material in descriptive
text based on the students’ needs as a supplementary material.
D. The scope of the Study
The scope of the study was learning material development in descriptive
text based on students’ need as a supplementary material. It applied in 10th grade
students of SMA N 1 Gebang.
E. The Significances of the Study
The significances of this study were to help the Students in increasing their
willingness in reading descriptive text and ability to understand it well and giving
information for other researchers who need the information about developing
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions
As stated in chapter I, the objective of this study was to develop learning
material of descriptive text based on the students’ needs as a supplementary
material. The developed learing material consisted of two units, namely :
Describing people and Describing place. In desribing people there were two topics
namely; describing public pigures ( Jokowi Dodo) and Desribing an idol (Agnes
Monica). The second unit consisted of three texts namely; Azizi Mosque,
Tangkahan and Bukit Lawang. Each of text were consisted of two kinds of
assesment and in the last page of the learning material the answer keys were
provided.
This learning material covered up with the appropriateness of the material
structure and language, the content effectiveness and appropriateness, and the
attractiveness of the workbook. All of these aspects have been proven valid and
reliable by the result of validation. It means that by the design and content, the
product is appropriate to be implemented in the classroom
B. Suggestions
In relation to the conclusions, the following suggestions are needed to be
considered in conducting the related research. The researcher hopes that this
learning material can be used by the students to add and complete their knowledge
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hopefully, this research could inspire other researchers who wanted to conduct a
further research related to the learning material as a supplementary material
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