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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1Background of Study
Autism is a behaviorally and dimensionally defined as developmental disorder of an immature brain that has a broad range of severity and many etiologies, with multiple human involved (Rapin and Dunn in Elsevier Brain and Development Journal (25), 2003:166-172). Autism impacts the normal development of the brain in the areas of social interaction, communication skills, and cognitive function. According to Wilkinson (2010) Autistic students have difficulties in some core develop areas: social skills, communication, activity, behavior, and interest with abnormalities.
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such as attention and emotion. Autistic students have their difficulty on attention. They usually get attention on things that can make them show their interest such as aquarium, road, and other specific things. Another problem shown by students with autism is emotion. Autistic students show their emotion by crying, screaming, hitting etc. They will be emotional persons if they think they cannot do anything freely.
Every symptom has a therapy that can help autistic students to improve their communication. The therapy can be offered when they are at schools. A school can give some treatment and knowledge. The therapist will give a different learning system in basic subjects for every autistic student. One of the subjects is vocabulary building. Vocabulary building is a need for every single person to recognize words, especially autistic students who need big attention than others.
In this research, the researcher wants to conduct a study on teaching vocabulary for autistic students hoping that it may improve and become the student’s new ability. The researcher takes vocabulary building to be studied for increasing student’s knowledge of language because everyone had better know and understand about words of Bahasa Indonesia and how to arrange a statement even for people who need some special attention like autism. In teaching vocabulary, the most strongly recommended approach for teaching autistic students is to use visual aid. Pictographic and written cues can often help students to learn, communicate, and develop self-control (Garside (ed) British Columbia, 2000:27).
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media to help them in learning process. According to the previous research, there was no explanation about the process and the difficulties of using media faced by the teachers. On the other hand the reachercher wants to explain the process of using one kind of the media, flash cards, which are used by the teacher at SDLB Bagian Autis Dr. Idayu 2 Kabupaten Malang and the difficulties faced by the teacher in teaching and using the medium to autistic students.
In this research, the researcher will do a study on student’s mastery in Bahasa Indonesia to improve the language ability of the autistic students. The researcher uses Bahasa Indonesia’s mastery because Bahasa Indonesia is the second language of the autistic students in that school. The first language of the autistic students in that school is their local language; Javanese. Therefore, the researcher conducted a research and wrote it in a thesis entitled “A Study on Teaching Vocabulary to the Second Language Using the Medium of Flash Cards for Autistic Students in SDLB Bagian Autis Dr. Idayu 2 Kabupaten Malang”.
1.2Statement of Problem
1. How are the process of using the medium of flash cards for autistic students’ vocabulary mastery in SDLB Bagian Autis Dr. Idayu 2 Kabupaten Malang? 2. What are the teachers’ difficulties in teaching vocabulary to autistic students
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1.3Purpose of Study
1. To know the process of using the medium of flash cards for autistic students’ vocabulary mastery in SDLB Bagian Autis Dr. Idayu 2 Kabupaten Malang. 2. To describe the teachers’ difficulties in teaching vocabulary to autistic
students in SDLB Bagian Autis Dr. Idayu 2 Kabupaten Malang.
1.4Significance of Study
After doing a research about the vocabulary mastery of Bahasa Indonesia of the autistic students using the medium of flash cards, the researcher hopes that the readers can take some of its good points, that:
1. the result of this research will be useful to enrich the readers’ general knowledge about autistic students.
2. the study will give specific information and deeper understanding about the medium of flash cards for autistic students.
3. the study can give information to the teachers or those interested in analyzing the vocabulary mastery of Bahasa Indonesia of the autistic students.
1.5Scope and Limitation of Study
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vocabulary of Bahasa Indonesia using the medium of flash cards to the autistic students and the teacher’s difficulties in teaching vocabulary.
1.6Definition of Key Terms
Teaching : Giving individual guidance and training to the learner (World Book Inc., 2007:2152)
Vocabulary : Total number of words which (with rules for combining them) make up a language (Cowie and Gimson, 1987:959).
Second Language : A language which is not a mother tongue but which is used for certain communication function in a society (Tomlinson, 2003: xii)
Flash cards : Small cards contain of pictures, texts, or symbols which guide students to reach the exact meaning of the pictures (Arshad, 2011:119).
A STUDY ON TEACHING VOCABULARY TO THE SECOND LANGUAGE USING THE MEDIUM OF FLASH CARDS
FOR AUTISTIC STUDENTS IN SDLB BAGIAN AUTIS DR. IDAYU 2 KABUPATEN MALANG
THESIS
BY:
NABILAH
08360052
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
A STUDY ON TEACHING VOCABULARY TO THE SECOND LANGUAGE USING THE MEDIUM OF FLASH CARDS
FOR AUTISTIC STUDENTS IN SDLB BAGIAN AUTIS DR. IDAYU 2 KABUPATEN MALANG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
BY:
NABILAH
08360052
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
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MOTTO AND DEDICATION
ﺮﺧاﺪﻤ ﮭﺠ ﻮ ﺧﺪ دﺎ
وﺮ ﻜ
ﺬ ﺎ ﺈﻤﻜ ﺠ ﺄ ﻮ دﺎﻤﻜ ﺮ ﺎﻗو
"Berdoalah kepada-Ku, AKU past i mengabulkan doamu”
QS. Al M u’min Ayat 60
Barang siapa menunt ut ilmu, maka Allah akan memudahkan baginya jalan menuju
surga. D an t idaklah berkumpul suat u kaum disalah sat u dari rumah-rumah Allah,
mereka membaca kit abullah dan saling mengajarkannya diant ara mereka, kecuali
akan t urun kepada meraka ket enangan, diliputi dengan rahmah, dikelilingi oleh
para malaikat , dan Allah akan menyebut -nyebut mereka kepada siapa saja yang
ada disisi-N ya. Barang siapa t erlambat -lambat dalam amalannya, niscaya t idak
akan bisa dipercepat oleh nasabnya. (H.R M uslim dalam Shahih-nya).
D ED I CATI ON :
F irst of all I would like to thank to Allah SW T
F or YOU R mercy and blessing
I dedicated this thesis to:
M y beloved inspiration father and mother
M y super grandpas and grandmas
M y lovely brother and sisters
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, praise to Allah SWT, Lord of the world for blessing and mercy so that, the writer of this thesis is able to finish one of the requirements in achieving the Sarjana degree in English Education.
The writer would like to express her deepest gratitude to Drs. Imam Mahfudz as the first advisor and Drs. Estu Widodo M.Hum as the second advisor, for their suggestion, invaluable guidance and advice during the consultation period, and their comments and correction during the completion of this thesis. Her sincere gratitude and appreciation are also extended to Mrs. Anis Damayanti S,Pd as the headmaster of SDLB Bagian Autis Dr. Idayu 2 Kabupaten Malang.
A special thank is also to her beloved father (Salim Machfud Ghanim), her beloved mother (Salma Abu Bakar Bin Smeer), her brother (Machfud Nizar), her sisters (Suraiyah Salim and Nadia Salim), her beloved friends (Reni, Ika, Miki, Nyut, Azizah, Lulud, Ninik, Dina and Edo) for their encouragement, love, care, and pray, so that she can finish her thesis.
Finally, the writer hopes this thesis is useful for the students of educational subject for deeper comprehension and the future researches. Thank you all and God bless us.
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CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1Theory Relevant to Research Question …………...…… ... 6
2.1.1 Autism……….. 6
2.1.2 Kinds of Autism Therapy………. 8
2.1.3 Language Acquisition……… … 11
2.1.4 Teaching Language for Autism Students…………. 12
2.1.5 Teaching Vocabulary for Autism Students……….. 13
2.1.6 Teaching Media……… 14
2.1.7 Kinds of Teaching Media………. 15
2.1.8 Problems Faced in Using Media………... 19
2.1.9 Criteria in Choosing Media………... 20
2.2Current Literature Relevant to Research Question ………. 21
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METODOLOGY 3.1Research Design ………. 23
3.2The Subject of the Study ………... 24
3.3Research Instrument ……….... 25
3.3.1Observation……… 25
3.3.2Interview……… 26
3.3.3Document Analysis……… 27
3.4Data Collection………. 28
3.5Data Analysis……… 28
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION 4.1Research Findings ………... 29
4.1.1 The Process of Using the Medium of Flash Cards.... 29
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4.2Discussion……….. 35
4.2.1 The Process of Using the Medium of Flash Cards.. 35 4.2.2 The Teachers’ Difficulties……… 36 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion ……….. 38
5.2 Suggestion ……….. 39
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