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LEARNING PRINCIPLES REFLECTED IN ENGLISH
TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS AT MODEL CLASS
A Naturalistic Study at SMP N 1 BodehPemalang
in Academic Year 2014-2015
THESIS
Submitted to the Department of Language Studies Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education
By
ACHMAD HIBATULLAH ID No. S200130037
DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE STUDIES
GRADUATE SCHOOL
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MOTTO
“Starting everything by saying Basmallah, and ending everything by
saying Hamdalah”
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MOTTO
“Starting everything b
y saying Basmallah, and ending everything by
saying Hamdalah”
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DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to:
My beloved father and mother (Bapak H. Abdullah Hasyim and Ibu Hj. Zubaekah)
My thesis supervisors (Ibu Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati and Ibu Muamaroh, Ph.D)
All of my classmates in Post-Graduate Program majoring Magister of Language Study of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin, all praises be to Allah the lord of the universe.
Due to his blessing, eventually, the writer could finish this thesis well. Our blessing and praises to our prophet Muhammad, who has brought us from the darkness to the lightness, and also his families, his companion, and his followers.
However, the writer would not be able to finish this thesis well without any help, guidance, and support from other people. Therefore, the writer would like to thank to:
1. Prof. Dr. Bambang Setiaji, as the rector of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,
2. Prof. Dr. Khudzaifah Dimyati, SH, M.Hum, as the director of Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,
3. Prof. Dr. Markhamah, M.Hum, as the Head of Language Study Department,
4. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M.Hum, and Muamaroh, Ph.D, as supervisors of this thesis who have guided and advised me during the arrangement of this thesis from the beginning until the end,
5. Amrina Rosada, as my beloved wife who always prays for me,
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7. Sriyana, S.Pd, Yulianti, S.Pd, Retno Widowati, S.Pd, as the teachers of SMP N 1 Bodeh Pemalang who contribute on this research,
8. All of friends in Magister of Language Studies at Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,
9. Everyone who prays and cares about me.
The writer realizes that this research paper still has a lot of weaknesses, therefore the writer thanks to the readers if they give suggestion and criticism to make this thesis better.
Surakarta, January 31st 2017 The Writer
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER ... i
SUPERVISORS‘ APPROVAL... ii
APPROVAL OF EXAMINERS ……… iv
STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ………... v
MOTTO ………. vi
DEDICATION ……….. vii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT………. viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ………... x
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A. Previous Study ... 9
B. Underlying Theory ……… 16
1. Language Learning... 16
2. Learning Principles... 18
a. Behaviorism ……….. 18
1) Notion of Behaviorism ………. 18
2) Kinds of Behaviorist Theories ……….. 19
3) Behaviorist Principles ………... 22
4) The Application of Behaviorist Theory in Language Learning ……… 23
5) Teaching Techniques Based on Behaviorist Theory … 24 b. Conitivism ………... 30
1) Notion of Cognitivism ……….. 30
2) Cognitive Principles ………. 32
3) The Application of Cognitive Theories in Language Learning ……… 33 4) Teaching Techniques Based on Cognitive Principles ... 34
c. Humanism ………. 35
1) Notion of Humanism ……… 36
2) Humanistic Principles ……….. 36
3) Application of Humanistic Theory in Language Learning ……… 40
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4) Teaching Techniques Based on Humanistic Principles 42
d. Constructivism ……….. 43
1) Notion of Constructivism ………. 43
2) Kinds of Constructivist Theory ……… 45
3) Constructivist Principles ……….. 48
4) Application of Constructivist Theory in Language Learning ……… 49 5) Teaching Techniques Based On Constructivist Principles ………. 51 3. Theoretical Framework ………. 55
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD A. Setting of the Study ………... 57
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION A. Research Findings ……… 68
1. The Task Types which Reflect Learning Principles in English
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Teaching Learning Process ………... 68
a. Task Types Reflecting Learning Principles of Behaviorism 69 b. Task Types ReflectingLearning Principles of Cognitivism………... 78 c. Task Types ReflectingLearning Principles of Humanism.. 84
d. Task Types which Reflect Learning Principles of Constructivism ……… 90
2. The Frequency of each learning principles reflected on English teaching learning ………. 93 3. The Most Dominant Learning Principle Reflected on English Teaching Learning Process ……….. 94
B. Discussion of Findings ……… 95
CHAPTER V: SUMMARY, PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTION A. Summary ………... 105
B. Conclusion ……… 107
C. Pedagogical Implication ……… 107
D. Suggestion ……… 110
BIBLIOGRAPHY 114
APPENDICES 118
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LIST OF TABLES
Page Table 4.1 Task Types which Reflect Behaviorism Learning
Principles 77
Table 4.2 Task Types which Reflect Cognitive Learning Principles 83 Table 4.3 Task Types which Reflect Humanism Learning Principles 90 Table 4.4 Task Types which Reflect Constructivism Learning
Principles 93
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LIST OF FIGURES
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Page Appendix 1 Interview Transcripts with the English Teachers &
Chairman ofModel Class of SMP N 1 BodehPemalang
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ABSTRAK
Achmad Hibatullah, S 200130037: ―Prinsip-prinsip Pembelajaran yang tercermin dalam Proses Belajar Mengajar Bahasa Inggris di Kelas Model: Sebuah Penelitian Naturalistik di SMP N 1 Bodeh Pemalang Tahun Pelajaran 2014-2015‖
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa prinsip-prinsip pembelajaran yang tercermin dalam proses belajar mengajar di Kelas Model SMP N 1 Bodeh Pemalang. Tujuannya adalah untuk menggambarkan prinsip-prinsip pembelajaran, mengetahui frekuensi, dan prinsip pembelajaran yang paling dominan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan naturalistik. Sumber data berupa kegiatan pembelajaran, responden, dan dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi non-partisipatif, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Validitas data diperiksa menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Analisisa data menggunakan prosedur pengumpulan data, data reduksi, penyajian, dan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada empat prinsip pembelajaran yang tercermin dalam proses belajar mengajar yaitu behaviorisme, kognitivisme, humanisme, dan konstruktivisme. Frekuensi prinsip behaviorism 39, 74%, prinsip kognitivis 19, 23%, prinsip humanisme 25, 64%, dan konstruktivisme 15, 39%. Prinsip pembelajaran yang paling dominan adalah behaviorisme.
Kata kunci: Prinsip Pembelajaran, Proses Belajar-mengajar, Pendekatan
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ABSTRACT
Achmad Hibatullah, S 200130037: ―Learning Principles Reflected in English Teaching Learning Process at Model Class: A Naturalistic Study at SMP N 1 Bodeh Pemalang in Academic Year 2014-2015.‖
This study aimed at analyzing learning principles reflected in English teaching learning process at Model Class of SMP N 1 Bodeh Pemalang. The objectives are to describe types of learning principles, to find out the frequency of each type, and the most dominant learning principle. This is a qualitative research using naturalistic approach. The sources of data are teaching learning activities, respondents, and documents. The data were collected through non-participant observation, interview, and documentation. Data validity was checked using triangulation technique. The data analysis was carried out through procedure of data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The result showed that there are four learning principles namely behaviorism, cognitivism, humanism, and constructivism reflected during English teaching learning process. The frequency of behaviorism principles is 39, 74%, the frequency of cognitivist principles is 19, 23%, the frequency of humanistic principles is 25, 64%, and the frequency of constructivist principles is 15, 39%. Behaviorism principles is the most dominant learning principles reflected in English teaching learning process at Model Class of SMP N 1 Bodeh Pemalang.
Keywords: Learning Principle, Teaching Learning Process, Naturalistic
