TRANSLATION PROCEDURES APPLIED IN
SUBTITLINGENGLISH IDIOMS IN “THE HOBBIT: AN
UNEXPECTED JOURNEY” MOVIE INTO INDONESIAN
A THESIS BY
WINA VIQA SARI REG. NO 100705032
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
TRANSLATION PROCEDURES APPLIED IN
SUBTITLINGENGLISH IDIOMS IN “THE HOBBIT: AN
UNEXPECTED JOURNEY” MOVIE INTO INDONESIAN
A Thesis By:
Wina Viqa Sari Reg. No. 100705032
Supervisor, Co. Supervisor,
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S Drs. Umar Mono , Dip. Trans., M. Hum NIP.19541117 198003 1 002 NIP. 19600122 19860 1 001
Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of SarjanaSastra in Department of English
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The SarjanaSastra Examination.
Head, Secretary,
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of SarjanaSastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on Thursday, 23rdJuly 2014
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies
University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. H. SyahronLubis, MA NIP.19511013 197603 1 001
Board of examiners
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D
Drs. H. Chairul Husni,M.Ed. TESOL
Drs. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A.
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, WINA VIQA SARI, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS. EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS, THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE.
NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed :
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME : WINA VIQA SARI
TITLE OF THESIS :TRANSLATION PROCEDURES APPLIED IN
SUBTITLINGENGLISH IDIOMS IN “THE HOBBIT: AN UNEXPECTED JOURNEY” MOVIE INTO
INDONESIAN
QUALIFICATIONS : S-1/ SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed :
ABSTRACK
The thesis entitled ‘Translation Procedures Applied in Subtitling English Idioms in “The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey” Movie into Indonesian’ is a linguistics study. This study appears because of the importance of translation role in the development of knowledge, information and entertainment around the world. This thesis was done to answer the curiosity of the writer about what procedures is applied in subtitling English idioms into Indonesian. The objective of this study is to find out the subtitle of English Idioms in “The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey”movie into Indonesian and to find out what procedures are applied to subtitle them. This movie is chosen because of its popularity in 2012. The movie received many award nominations, and won some of them. In order to identified and classify the procedures applied in subtitling English idioms in “The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey” Movie into Bahasa Indonesia, Vinay and Dalbernet theory about translation procedures is used. The method of the analysis is descriptive qualitative method. As the result of this research is the procedures that usually used to subtitle English idioms is equivalence, it was prooved with the findings of 130 (97,01%) occurences of equivalence procedure applied in subtitling the idioms, while 3 (2,24%) of the idioms are translated with adaptation procedure and 1 (0,75%) idiom is translated with literal translation procedure. The idioms are usually translated with different wordings in TL. Just a few of the idioms from SL are also translated into idioms in TL. Most of them are translated into different wordings which can replicate the same situation or expression as in the original.
ABSTRAK
Skripsi yang berjudul ‘Translation Procedures Applied in Subtitling English Idioms in “The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey” Movie into Indonesian’ adalah sebuah studi linguistik. Studi ini muncul karena pentingnya peran terjemahan dalam perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, informasi dan hiburan di dunia. Skripsi ini dibuat untuk menjawab rasa penasaran penulis tentang prosedur apakah yang dipakai oleh penerjemah dalam menejemahkan idiom bahasa Inggris ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat terjemahan dari idiom bahasa Inggris ke dalam bahasa Indonesia dan untuk menemukan prosedur terjemahan apa yang digunakan oleh penerjemah untuk menerjemahkannya. Filem ini dipilih karena kepopulerannya di tahun 2012. Ia banyak dinominasikan dalam ajang-ajang penghargaan perfileman dan memenangkan beberapa diantaranya. Dalam penelitian ini, teori yang dipakai untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengklasifikasikan prosedur terjemahan yang digunakan oleh penerjemah adalah teori prosedur terjemahan Vinay dan Dalbernet. Dan metode penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prosedur yang biasa dipakai dalam menerjemahkan idiom adalah equivalence, dibuktikan dengan temuan prosedur equivalence sebanyak 130 (97,01%) temuan, sementara 3 (2,24%) lainnya adalah prosedur adaptasi dan 1 (0,75%) lainnya adalah prosedur terjemahan literal. Idiom biasanya diterjemahkan dengan menggunakan kosa kata yang berbeda didalam bahasa target. Hanya beberapa idiom yang dapat diterjemahkan menjadi idiom juga dalam bahasa targetnya. Kebanyakan dari idiom-idiom tersebut diterjemahkan dengan menggunakan kosa kata yang berbeda dengan makna kosa kata aslinya, namun kosa kata yang berbeda itu bisa mengekspresikan situasi yang sama dengan keadaan aslinya.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, in the name of Allah SWT, the writer would like to thank
Allah SWT, for all the mercy and blessing that I have and for thechance and power
that given to me to complete this thesis. Praises and greets to Muhammad SAW who
has brought us to the luminous era and lead us to the goodness of mankind.
The writer sincere gratitude also goes to the Dean of Faculty of Cultural
Studies, University of North Sumatera, Dr. SyahronLubis, MA, the Head and the
Secretary of English Department, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S and
RahmadsyahRangkuti, MA. Ph.D for all of the facilities and opportunities given to
the writer during the study.
First and foremost, the writer would like to thank the writer supervisor and
co-supervisor, Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, MS and Drs. Umar Mono , Dip. Trans., M.
Hum for the guidance, support, advice, and constructive comments during the
writing of this thesis.
The writer special thanks are expressed to the writer beloved parents, Irzal
Koto and Erika Pasaribu and also beloved sisterRahma Fridayana Fitrifor giving the
writer an endless support, love and attention. The other special thanks goestoRizki
Andrian R.who always support and giving me love and affection.
A really big thanks are addressed to The Brandalss team, Tami and Wulan,
and to the writer best partner, Denny Jeremia, and also to my best friends Ninis, Fikri,
Yudi, Petrus, Boy, Dicky,Cindy, Elsye, Apri, Hanny, Dimaz and many more that I
can’t mention them all one by one.And a sincere thanks for all people in IMSI’s big
I am really grateful to have everyone supporting me in the process of
finishing this thesis. For their caring, support, love and affection, I really thank them.
And I am really sorry if maybe I forget to mention some names here.
Finally, the writer has to admit that this thesis is far from being perfect. Thus
any comments, suggestions, and criticism will be humbly accepted. May Allah SWT
bless us.Amin.
Medan 18 July, 2014
The Writer
Wina Viqa Sari
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ………..………. v
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ………. vi
ABSTRACK ... vii
ABSTRAK ... ... viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT …………... xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of Analysis... 1
1.2. Problem of Analysis... 3
1.3. Objective of Analysis... 3
1.4. Scope of Analysis... 4
1.5. Significance of Analysis... 4
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1. Theory of Translation ………... 5
2.1.1. The Concept of Translation ……….. 7
2.2. Process of Translation ………..……….. 7
2.3. Types of Translation ……….. 9
2.4. Procedures of Translation ………..…... 16
2.5. Subtitling ………... 22
2.5.1. Types of Subtitling ……….. 23
2.5.2. Subtitles Rules ………. 23
2.6. Idiom ……….……… 26
CHAPTER III METHODS OF ANALYSIS 3.1. Research Design ……… 28
3.2. Data and Source Data ……… 28
3.3. Data Collecting Method ………. 29
3.4. Data Analysis Method ………... 29
3.5. Data Percentage ………. 30
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS 4.1. Data Analysis.……… 31
4.1.1. Identifying The Translation Procedures ……….. 31
4.1.2. Classifying and Analyzing The Data Based on The Translation Procedures ……… 37
4.1.2.1. Adaptation ………..……….. 37
4.1.2.2. Equivalence ……… 38
4.1.2.3. Literal Translation ……… 84
4.2. Findings ………..……… 85
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1. Conclusion ……… 86
REFERENCES ……… 89
ABSTRACK
The thesis entitled ‘Translation Procedures Applied in Subtitling English Idioms in “The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey” Movie into Indonesian’ is a linguistics study. This study appears because of the importance of translation role in the development of knowledge, information and entertainment around the world. This thesis was done to answer the curiosity of the writer about what procedures is applied in subtitling English idioms into Indonesian. The objective of this study is to find out the subtitle of English Idioms in “The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey”movie into Indonesian and to find out what procedures are applied to subtitle them. This movie is chosen because of its popularity in 2012. The movie received many award nominations, and won some of them. In order to identified and classify the procedures applied in subtitling English idioms in “The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey” Movie into Bahasa Indonesia, Vinay and Dalbernet theory about translation procedures is used. The method of the analysis is descriptive qualitative method. As the result of this research is the procedures that usually used to subtitle English idioms is equivalence, it was prooved with the findings of 130 (97,01%) occurences of equivalence procedure applied in subtitling the idioms, while 3 (2,24%) of the idioms are translated with adaptation procedure and 1 (0,75%) idiom is translated with literal translation procedure. The idioms are usually translated with different wordings in TL. Just a few of the idioms from SL are also translated into idioms in TL. Most of them are translated into different wordings which can replicate the same situation or expression as in the original.
ABSTRAK
Skripsi yang berjudul ‘Translation Procedures Applied in Subtitling English Idioms in “The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey” Movie into Indonesian’ adalah sebuah studi linguistik. Studi ini muncul karena pentingnya peran terjemahan dalam perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, informasi dan hiburan di dunia. Skripsi ini dibuat untuk menjawab rasa penasaran penulis tentang prosedur apakah yang dipakai oleh penerjemah dalam menejemahkan idiom bahasa Inggris ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat terjemahan dari idiom bahasa Inggris ke dalam bahasa Indonesia dan untuk menemukan prosedur terjemahan apa yang digunakan oleh penerjemah untuk menerjemahkannya. Filem ini dipilih karena kepopulerannya di tahun 2012. Ia banyak dinominasikan dalam ajang-ajang penghargaan perfileman dan memenangkan beberapa diantaranya. Dalam penelitian ini, teori yang dipakai untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengklasifikasikan prosedur terjemahan yang digunakan oleh penerjemah adalah teori prosedur terjemahan Vinay dan Dalbernet. Dan metode penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prosedur yang biasa dipakai dalam menerjemahkan idiom adalah equivalence, dibuktikan dengan temuan prosedur equivalence sebanyak 130 (97,01%) temuan, sementara 3 (2,24%) lainnya adalah prosedur adaptasi dan 1 (0,75%) lainnya adalah prosedur terjemahan literal. Idiom biasanya diterjemahkan dengan menggunakan kosa kata yang berbeda didalam bahasa target. Hanya beberapa idiom yang dapat diterjemahkan menjadi idiom juga dalam bahasa targetnya. Kebanyakan dari idiom-idiom tersebut diterjemahkan dengan menggunakan kosa kata yang berbeda dengan makna kosa kata aslinya, namun kosa kata yang berbeda itu bisa mengekspresikan situasi yang sama dengan keadaan aslinya.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1.
Background of Analysis
Knowledge and technology have developed for so many years. They have
developed not only in one place, but also in many places, nations, and even
continents. Books that contain of the knowledge and technology are written in their
native languages of the nation where they have developed. In order to share and learn
the knowledge and technology, every country or nation needs to translate the books
into their own languages. Here, translation plays an important role, as an interlingual
communication, for developing countries to get the information and technology.
“Translation is basically a change of form. When we speak of the form of the
language, we are referring to the actual words, phrases, clauses, sentences,
paragraphs, etc., which are spoken or written. These forms are referred to as the
surface structure of a language. It is the structural part of language which is actually
seen in print or heard in speech. In translation the form of source language is
replaced by the form of the receptor (target) language.” (Larson in Meaning-Based
Translation, 1984:3)
Products of translation are vary. It can be verbal (spoken) or nonverbal
(written). The verbal product is usually recorded as audio file, for example in a
movie. Sometimes this audio file is used in dubbing a movie from SL into TL. The
translator usually translates the dialogue from the SL into TL, and then the dubber
thetranslator usually translates them into books, documents, scripts, and even
subtitles in the movie.
Subtitle is words that translate what is said in a film/movie into different
language and appear on the screen at the bottom. (Oxford Advanced Learner´s
Dictionary, 2000:1350). In subtitling, translator has to consider many things, those
are: the duration of the text that will appear on the screen; how many characters that
can appear on the screen; what terms the translator should use; what ideology he
should use; and how he translates the idioms that exist in the dialogue.
Different with other kind of phrases, idioms need certain procedure to
translate them, since idiom is a number of words which, when taken together have
different meaning from the individual meaning of each word (Seidl and McMordie,
1988:13). Some idioms has metaphor feeling in it. Wren and Martin (1990: 318) in
their book High School English Grammar and Composition, states “The student who
studies the following selection of English idioms will notice that metaphor enters
largely into Idiomatic phraseology”. In their book, they give many examples of
idioms, some of them:
a. I have it at my fingers´ ends.
If the sentence above is literally comprehended, the reader, which not the native
of the language, can be confused and cannot understand what it is mean. The real
meaning of that sentence is “I” know about “it” thoroughly.
b. The attack may be launched at any time, so you must be on the alert.
On the alert here means on your guard or ready to act.
c. I wash my hands of the whole matter.
Beside of having metaphor feeling in it, idioms also can be different from one
country to another. It happens because the differences of culture between the SL area
and the TL area. Therefore, sometimes there are idiomsfrom the SL which do not
have any equal idioms in the TL.
This study is focused on the subtitle of English idioms into Indonesian in
“The Hobbit, Unexpexted Journey” movie. “The Hobbit” is an adventure movie.
There are many idioms in the dialogues. One example from the movie, “overmy dead
body.” is translated into “langkahidulumayatku”. From the example it can be seen
that the translation is also an idiom. It also has metaphor feeling in it. It means the
idiom in English has its equivalent idioms in Indonesia. Another example, “make
sure you keep an eye on her” is translated into “pastikankauselalumengawasinya”. In
this example we can see the idiom is not translated into idiom because it has no
equivalent idiom in Indonesia.
1.2.
Problem of Analysis
There are two problems of the analysis to be analyzed as follows:
1. What are the Indonesian subtitle of English idioms in “The Hobbit: An
Unexpected Journey” Movie?
2. What procedures are applied in subtitling English idioms in “The Hobbit: An
Unexpected Journey” movie into Indonesian?
1.3.
Objective of Analysis
There are two objectives of the study in this analysis as the answers of the
problems which have been mentioned before, those are:
2. To find out the procedures applied in subtitling English idioms into
Indonesian in “The Hobbits: Unexpected Journey” movie.
1.4.
Scope of Analysis
The scope of the analysis is only focused on Indonesia subtitle of the
English idioms in “The Hobbits : An Unexpected Journey” movie andthe
translation procedures applied in subtitling English idioms.
1.5.
Significance of Analysis
The Significances of the analysis are as follows:
The result of this study will be useful for students, who learn
translation, and teachers of translation in general; and the translator in
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Theory of Translation
Some experts had given many brief definitions of translation, as follows:
Catford (1965, in Nababan, 2003:19) defines translation, as “Penerjemahan
sebagai proses penggantian suatu teks bahasa sumber dengan teks bahasa
sasaran.”He also defines it, as “Penerjemahan sebagai penggantian materi teks
bahasa sumber dengan materi teks bahasa sasaran.”
Catford (1965, in Nababan, 2003:19) defines translation, as ”Translation is
replacement process of certain source text language with the target text language.”
He also defines it, as “Translation is the replacement of the source text language
material with the target text language material.
Brislin (1976, in Nababan, 2003:19) said that “Penerjemahan adalah istilah
umum yang mengacu pada pengalihan pikiran atau gagasan dari suatu bahasa
sumber ke dalam bahasa sasaran.”
Brislin (1976, in Nababan, 2003:19) said that “Translation is a term that
refers to transferring ideas and thought from source language into target language.”
Kridalaksana (1985, in Nababan, 2003:19) defines translation, as
“Penerjemahan sebagai pemindahan suatu amanat dari bahasa sumber ke dalam
bahasa sasaran dengan pertama-tama mengungkapakan maknanya dan kemudian
Kridalaksana (1985, in Nababan, 2003:19) defines translation, as “Translation
as the transferring of ideas from source language into target language by first uttering
the meaning and then the language style.”
In Oxford Advanced Learner´s Dictionary (2000), translation defines as the
process of changing something that is written or spoken into another language.
Larson (1984:3) said that “Translation is basically a change of form. When
we speak of the form of the language, we are referring to the actual words, phrases,
clauses, sentences, paragraphs, etc., which are spoken or written. These forms are
referred to as the surface structure of a language. It is the structural part of language
which is actually seen in print or heard in speech. In translation the form of source
language is replaced by the form of the receptor (target) language.”
Simatupang (1999: 2) states “Menerjemahkan adalah mengalihkan makna
yang terdapat dalam bahasa sumber ke dalam bahasa sasaran dan mewujudkannya
kembali di dalam bahasa sasaran dengan bentuk-bentuk yang sewajar mungkin
menurut aturan-aturan yang berlaku dalam bahasa sasaran.”
Simatupang (1999:2) states “Translating is to transfer meanings in source
language into target language and utter it as natural as possible in target language
2.1.1. The Concept of Translation
The term translation itself has several meanings: it can refer to the general
subjectfield, the product (the text that has been translated) or the process (the act of
producingthe translation, otherwise known as translating).The process of translation
betweentwo different written languages involves the translator changing an original
written text (thesource text or ST) in the original verbal language (the source
language or SL) into awritten text (the target text or TT) in a different verbal
language (the target language orTL).
According to JiříLevý (Venutti: 2000, 148), translation is a process of
communication: the objective of translating is to impart the knowledge of the
original to the foreign reader. He also states, “From the point of view of the working
situation of the translator at any moment of his work (that is from the pragmatic point
of view), translating is a DECISION PROCESS: a series of a certain number of
consecutive situations – moves, as in a game – situations imposing on the translator
the necessity of choosing among certain (and very often exactly definable) number of
alternatives.”
2.2. Process of Translation
Process is a several activities that is purposely done. Translation process can
be defined as a several activities which is done by a translator when he transfers the
meaning of ideas or informations from source language into target language.
Translation process can also be defined as a certain system in tranlation activity.
mistake in one stage can bring another mistake in the next stages. And if that happen,
the translation product will contain of tranlation error.
There are 3 stages in translation process , they are (1) analyze the source
language text, (2) Transeferring ideas or information, (3) restructuring
(Suryawininata in Nababan, 2000:25). As it described in this diagram below:
Diagram 1. Translation Process (Suryawininata in Nababan, 2000:25)
1. Analyzing Source Text
Every single translation activity always started with analyzing the source text
(ST). Analyzing ST is done by reading the ST in order to gain and comprehend the
ideas from the text.The ideas comprehension incoherence with the linguistics and
extra-linguistics elements which exist in the text.Linguistics elements refer to the
elements which deal with language and the extra-linguistics elements refer to the
In analyzing the linguistics elements, the text was analyzed at all level such
as in the level of sentence, clause, phrase and word. By doing the translator can fully
comprehend the ideas from the ST.
2. Transferring Ideas
After the translator can comprehend the ideas and the structure of the ST,
then he can gain the meaning from the ST. The next thing to do is to transfer the
meaning from the ST into TT. In this step the translator has to find the equivalent of
the ST in TT. This process happens in the translator mind (Nababan called it as
proses batin).
3. Restructuring
The last step is restructuring. After finding the equivalent of ST, the translator
reconstruct it in the form of target language (TL) becoming TT. In this step, we must
decide what style that suits best to the text and the readers.
2.3. Types of Translation
Generally, translation is divided into two types: literal translation and
non-literal translation or free translation. Larson (1984:15) states that translation is
classified into two main types, namely form-based and meaning based translation.
Form-based translation attempts to follow the form of the Source Language and is
known as literal translation, while meaning-based translation makes every effort to
communicate the meaning of the SL text in the natural forms of the receptor
the natural form of receptor language. A truly idiomatic translation does not sound
like a translation. It sounds like it was written originally in the receptor language.
Nida and Taber (1969) classify translation into literal translation and dynamic
translation. Dynamic translation in Nida and Taber is similar with meaning-based
translation from Larson. Dynamic translationpurpose is to produce a dynamic
equivalence in the TL.Dynamic equivalence refersto the target text having the same
effect on the target text reader as the source text has on the sourcetext reader.
According to Larson (1984:17), translation also has gradation which can be
described in the diagram below:
Diagram 2: Translation Gradation by Larson
The translation is often a mixture of literal and idiomatic forms of language.
Translation then falls on a continuum from very literal to literal, to modified literal,
to near idiomatic, to idiomatic, and may fall, even more on the unduly free.
Unduly free translation is considered unacceptable translations for most
purposes. Translation is called unduly free according to the following characteristics:
a. If they add extraneous information not in the source text
c. If they distort the facts of the historical and cultural setting of the Source
Language text.
Larson (1984:17) says that sometimes unduly free translation is made for the
purposes of humor for bring about a special response from the receptor language
speaker. However, they are unacceptable as normal translation. For example:
Table 1: Example of Unduly Free Translation
English text Unduly free translation into
English
Unduly translation into Indonesian
Explanation
“I was glad
when Stepahnus, Fo
rtunatus
and Achaicus
arrived, because
they supplied what
was lacking from
you. For they
refreshed my spirit
and yours also. Such
men deserve
recognition.”
(Larson 1984:17)
“It sure is good to
see Steve, Lucky
and ´Big Bam´.
They sorta make
up for your not
being here.
They´re a big
boost to both me
and you all. Let´s
give them a big
hand.” (Larson
1984:17) “GuagembiradehsiSte ve, siUntungdansiAkaikus datangsebagaipengga ntikangenguapadalu. Merekatelahmemberse mangatameguadan kalian semua.Merekapantesd apattepuktangan yang meriah.”
• The name of
“Stepahnus,
Fortunatus and
Achaicus” from
the original text
had been changed
become “Steve,
Lucky and Big
bam” in English
and “Steve,
Untung and
Akaikus” in
Indonesian.
gives extraneous
information that
doesn´t exist in the
source text.
According to Newmark (1995:45), there are eight types of translation, those
are:
1. Word For Word translation
The SL word order is preserved and the words translated by their most
common meanings. Cultural words are translated literally. The main use of this
method is either to understand the mechanics of the source language or to
construe a difficult text as pre-translation process. For example:
Batak language Word for word translation into
Indonesia
Dang di rohakumangan Tidak di hatikumakan
Here, the accurate translation is “Akutidakberseleramakan”. By using this
method we can know the mechanics of batak language, as the SL, in telling “has
no appetite”.
2. Literal translation
The SL grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest TL equivalents
but the lexical items are again translated out of context. As pre-translation
process, it indicates problems to be solved. For example:
English Indonesia
Here, the appropriate translation should be “Akumencintaimu”. By using literal
translation, we can indicate the problem that in Indonesia we usually use article
“me-” in front of a lexical verb to indicate doing something.
3. Faithful Translation
It attempts to reproduce the precise contextual meaning of the original within the
constraints of the TL grammatical structures. It transfers cultural words and
preserves the degree of grammatical and lexical deviation from SL norms. It
attempts to be completely faithful to the intentions and the text-realisation of the
SL writer. For example:
English
John is too well aware that he is
naughty
Indonesian
John
menyadariterlalubaikbahwaianaka
l
4. Semantic translation
It differs from faithful translation only in as far as it must take more account of
the aesthetic value of the SL text, compromising on meaning where appropriate
so that no assonance, word play or repetition jars in the finished version. It does
not rely on cultural equivalence and makes very small concessions to the
readership. While `faithful´ translation is dogmatic, semantic translation is more
flexible. For example:
English
Dia (laki-laki) adalah orang yang suka sekali membaca.
Book-worm translated flexibelly appropriate with culture context and functional
restriction that accepted in target language. But translated above appropriate
less and have to translated become “Dia seorang kutu buku”.
5. Communicative translation
It attempts to render the exact contextual meaning of the original in such a way
that both language and content are readily acceptable and comprehensible to the
readership. For example:
English
I would admit that I am wrong
I will admit that I am wrong
Indonesian
Sayamaumengakuibahwasayasala
h
Sayaakanmengakuibahwasayasala
h
For native English speaker two sentences above will have difference effect, the
differences is the employing words “would and” will, the first sentence indicate
that someone desire to do something and the word “will” in second sentences
indicate that activities will be done by subject of the sentence. Remember in this
case tenses is not influence the meaning of the sentence.
6. Idiomatic translation
It reproduces the message of the original but tends to distort nuances of meaning
English
What are you doing?
Indonesian
Lagi ngapain?
Idiomatic translation produces a translation that sound natural. Therefore,
sometimes it even sounds like it is not even a translation.
7. Free translation
It reproduces the matter without the manner, or the content without the form of
the original. Usually it is a paraphrase much longer than the original. For
example:
English
How they live on what he makes?
Indonesian
Bagaimanamerekadapathidupdenganpenghasilannya?
8. Adaptation
This is the freest form of translation mainly used for plays and poetry: themes/
characters/ plots preserved, SL culture converted to TL culture & text is
rewritten. For example:
Indonesian
Yang aku cari hanyalah cinta
Hanya cinta yang tak terganti
Yang aku mau hanyalah cinta
Hanyalah cinta yang ku beri
English
All I´m looking for is only love
There is only love that I need
What I´m looking for is only love
Yang selalu ku tunggu hanyalah
cinta
Hanya cinta yang tak terganti
Yang aku nanti hanyalah cinta
Hanyalah cinta yang abadi
Nothing is worth fighting only
love
There is only love that makes me
bleed
Nothing is worth living only love
There is only love that makes me
breath
Here, we can see the translation of Anggun C. Sasmi song “hanyacinta” into
“Only Love”, the English version. But the translation does not exactly transfer
the same idea but still have equivalent aim.
2.4. Procedures of Translation
According to Vinay and Dalbernet (in Venuti, 2000:84), at first different
methods or procedures seem to be countless, but they can be condensed to just seven,
each one corresponding to a higher degree of complexity. In practice, they may be
used either on their own or combined with one or more of the others.
2.4.1. Direct and Oblique Translation
Generally speaking, translator can choose from two methods of translating,
namely direct, or literal translation and oblique translation. In some translation task it
may be possible to transpose the source language message element by element into
the target language. But translator may also notice gaps, or “lacunae”, in the target
language (TL) which must be filled by corresponding elements, so that the overall
It may, however, also happen that, because of structural or metalinguistic
differences, certain stylistic effect cannot be transposed into TL without upsetting the
syntactic order, or even the lexis. In this case it is understood that more complex
methods have to be used: these procedures are called oblique translation methods. In
the listing follows, the first three procedures are direct and the others are oblique.
Procedure 1: Borrowing
To overcome a lacuna, borrowing is the simplest of all translation methods.
For instance, in order to introduce the flavour of the source language (SL) culture
into a translation, foreign terms may be used, e.g. such Russian words as “roubles”,
“datchas”, and “apparatchik”, “dollars” and “party” from American English,
Mexican Spanish food names “tequila” and “tortillas”, and so on.
Some well-established, mainly older borrowings are widely used that they are
no longer considered as such and have become a part of the respective TL lexicon.
For example, in English such words as “menu”, “carburetor”, “hangar”, “chic” and
expression like “déjà vu”, “enfant terrible” and “rendez-yous” are no longer
considered to be borrowings.
The decision to borrow a SL word or expression for introducing an element
of local colour is a matter of style and consequently of the message.
Procedure 2: Calque
A calque is a special kind of borrowing whereby a language borrows an
expression form of another, but then translates literally each of its elements. The
i. a lexical calque, as in the first example, below, i.e. a calque which respects
the syntactic structure of the TL, whilst introducing a new mode of
expressions; or
ii. a structural calque, as in the second example, below, which introduces a new
construction into the language, e.g.:
English Indonesian calque
Governor general GubernurJendral
Science-fiction Science-fiction
As with borrowings, there are many fixed calques which, after a period of
time, become an integral part of the language. These too like borrowings, may have
undergone a semantic change, turning them into faux amis.
Procedure 3: Literal translation
Literal, or word for word, translation is the direct transfer of a SL text into a
grammatically and idiomatically appropriate TL text in which translators´ task is
limited to observing the adherence to the linguistic servitudes of the TL.
I go to school every day.
Nak kemane?
Wo ai ni.
Sayapergikesekolahsetiaphari.
Mau kemana?
In principle, a literal translation is a unique solution which is reversible and
complete in itself. It is most common when translating between two languages of the
same family (e.g. between French and Italian), and even more so when they also
share the same culture.
If, after trying the first three procedures, translators regard a literal translation
unacceptable, they must turn to the methods of oblique translation. By unacceptable
we mean that the message, when translated literally
i. gives another meaning, or
ii. has no meaning, or
iii. is structurally impossible, or
iv. does not have a corresponding expression within the metalinguistic
experience of the TL, or
v. has a corresponding expression, but not within the same register.
Procedure 4: Transposition
The method called transposition involves replacing one word class with
another without changing the meaning of the message. Transposition can be divided
into two types: (1) obligatory transposition, and (2) optional transposition.
The following example has to be translated literally (procedure 3), but must
also be transposed (procedure 4):
Dès son lever… As soon as he gets/got up…
As soon as he gets up Dès son lever…
In this example, the English allows no choice between the forms, the base
form being the only one possible. Inversely, however, when translating back into
French, we have the choice between applying a calque or a transposition, because
French permits either construction.
Procedure 5: Modulation
Modulation is a variation of the form of the message, obtained by a change in
the point of view. This change can be justified when, although a literal, or even
transposed, translation results in a grammatically correct utterance, it is considered
unsuitable, unidiomatic or awkward in the TL.
English
It´s not even expensive…
It´s not difficult actually…
Indonesia
Itumurahkok…
Sebenarnyaitugampang…
Procedure 6: Equivalence
We have repeatedly stressed that one and the same situation can be rendered
by two texts using completely different stylistic and structural methods. In such cases
we are dealing with method which produces equivalent texts. The classical example
of equivalence is given by the reaction of amateur who accidentally hits his finger
“Aduh!”, but if he were English this would be interpreted as “Ouch!”. Another
striking case of equivalences are the many onomatopoeia of animal sounds, e.g.:
kukuruyuk cock-a-doodle-do
meong miaow
guk woof
These simple examples illustrate a particular feature of equivalences: more
often than not they are of a syntagmatic nature, and affect the whole of the message.
As a result, most equivalences are fixed, and belong to a phraseological repertoire of
idioms, clichés, proverbs, nominal or adjectival phrases, etc.
Procedure 7: Adaptation
Adaptation is used in those cases where the type of situation being referred to
by the SL message is unknown in the TL culture. In such cases translators have to
create a new situation that can be considered as being equivalent. Adaptation can,
therefore, be described as a special kind of equivalence, a situational equivalence.
For example:
Indonesia
TiapRamadhanakuselalumudik.
English
In England they do not know the culture of “mudik” in Ramadhan. Ramadhan is a
month when the moslems in Indonesia are fasting and they usually go back to their
home town to see their family and relatives, that tradition is called “mudik”.
2.5.
Subtitling
According to Baker and Saldanha, subtitling is counted as the audiovisual
translation. They divide translation into four types; literary translation, audiovisual
translation, scientific translation and technical translation.
http://books.google.co.id/books/about/Routledge_Encyclopedia_of_Translation_St.ht
mlid=eXsDckV5GuMC&redir_esc=y/ (Accessed on January 10th 2014)
Literary translation is the translation of the literary works.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ literary_translation/ (Accessed on January 10th 2014).
Scientific translation is the translation of the terms in the field of scients and
technology of all kinds (Ghazzala, 1995:75). Technical translation is a type of
specialized translation involving the
http:// en. wikipedia.org/wiki/
Technical_translation/(Accessed on January 10th 2014). Audiovisual is the
translation of any material in audio, visual or audiovisual format. The four major
aspects that are included in this section are subtitling, dubbing, software localization
and multimedia, and audio description (Luyken, 1991:153–165).
Subtitle as branch of audiovisual translation is textual versions of the dialog or
commentary in films, television programs, video games, usually displayed at the
bottom of the screen.They can either be a form of written translation of a dialog in a
foreign language, or a written rendering of the dialog in the same language, with or
the dialog, or people who cannot understand the spoken dialogue or who have accent
recognition problems. http://en. Wikipedia. Org/wiki/subtitle/ (Accessed on January,
19th 2014; 04:39 PM).
2.5.1. Types of Subtitling
Henrik Gottlieb (Mona Baker, 2001:247) distinguishes subtitling into two
types; intralingual subtitling and interlingual subtitling.
Intralingual subtitling is vertical, in the sense that involves taking speech down
in writing, changing mode but not language. This includes
• Subtitling of domestic programmes for Deaf and hard of hearing
• Subtitling of foreign-language programmes for language learners.
Interlingual subtitling is diagonal, in the sense that the subtitler crosses over
from speech in one language to writing in another, thus changing mode and language.
2.5.2. Subtitle Rules
William (2009:7-10), Senior Content Producer BBC listed rules in making
standard subtitle for movie screen:
1. Subtitles must be on screen for long enough to be read by a deaf or hard-of- hearing
viewer who will also be trying to take in other visual information at the same time.
1. A short and familiar word or phrase - 1.12 to 2 seconds.
e.g.: Hello .
2. Up to half a line - 2 to 2.12 seconds.
e.g.: Where do you live?
or: See you tomorrow.
3. One line - 2.12 to 3 seconds.
e.g.: How long will it take us to go home?
or: He´s got a real headache.
4. One line and a little bit - 3.12 seconds.
e.g.: How long will it take Johanna to go
home?
5. Up to one and a half lines - 4 to 4.12 seconds.
e.g.: It is important to tell her about
the decision we made.
6. Two lines - 5 to 6 seconds.
e.g.: I think it would be a very good idea
to keep dangerous dogs on a leash.
7. Two lines and a little bit - 6.12 seconds.
e.g.: How long will it take the whole cast
to come home by taxi to Duals, North
8. Two and a half lines - 7 seconds.
e.g.: The best thing about going abroad is
that you don´t have to put up with
the British weather .
9. Three lines - 7.12 to 8 seconds.
e.g.: What will the City do about the Tory
Government´s humiliating defeat
in the House of Commons last night?
2. In both live and pre-recorded subtitling, timings are intended to be flexible. The
standard timings shown in the Appendix are intended to provide general guidelines.
3. It is crucial that subtitles are displayed for a sufficient length of time for viewers to
read them. The subtitle presentation rate for pre-recorded programmes should not
normally exceed 140 words per minute. In exceptional circumstances, for example
in the case of add-ons, the higher rate of 180 words per minute is permitted.
4. To ensure both legibility and readability, the maximum for subtitle text should be
roughly 32 or 34 characters per line.
5. Lines should be broken at logical points. The ideal line-break will be at a piece of
punctuation like a full stop, comma or dash. If the break has to be elsewhere in the
sentence, avoid splitting the following parts of speech
6. Good line-breaks are extremely important because they make the process of reading
and understanding far easier. However, it is not always possible to produce good
mutually exclusive, then well edited text and timing are more important than
line-breaks.
7. If the text will fit on one line, do not rearrange it on to two lines. One line takes less
time to read than two short lines and it causes less disruption to the picture.
Similarly, do not rearrange two lines of text on to three lines, unless there is a very
bad line-break between lines 1 and 2.
2.6.
Idiom
An idiom is a phrase whose meaning is difficult or sometimes impossible to
guess by looking at the meaning of the individual words it contains (Oxford
Advanced Learner´s Dictionary, 2000: B12). Another Linguist such Seidl and
McMordie define, idiom as a number of words which, when taken together have
different meaning from the original meaning of each word (1988: 13). According to
Wren and Martin (1990:312), “Idioms may be defined as expression peculiar to a
language”. They also states, “Many verbs, when followed by various prepositions, or
adverbs, acquire and idiomatic sense”. Some examples:
a. He backed up
“back up” here means supported. his friend´s claim.
b. He broke down
“broke down” here means failed.
in the middle of his speech.
c. Call in a doctor a doctor immediately.
“call in” means summon or send for.
Since idiom has different meaning from the original meaning of each word
feelings. Wren and Martin in their book, High School English Grammar &
Composition, states “The student who studies the following selection of English
idioms will notice that metaphor enters largely into idiomatic phraseology”. Then we
can say some idioms are imaginative expressions such as proverbs and sayings. For
example:
a. I found the job difficult at first. But we were all in the same boat; we were all
learning.
Here, be in the same boat means ´to be in the same difficult or unfortunate situation´.
b. Hang in there!
´Hang in there´ here, does not mean to command someone to hang on
something, it is used to encourage somebody in a difficult situation.
c. Too many cooks spoil the broth.
This is a proverb that means ´if too many people are involved in something, it
CHAPTER III
METHOD OF ANALYSIS
3.1. Research Design
In this study, qualitative method is used because the data which is analyzed is
explained descriptively. The data that will be analyzed are in the form of phrase and
clause. Djajasudarma (2006: 11) states, “Metodologi kualitatif merupakan prosedur
yang menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa data tertulis atau lisan di masyarakat
bahasa”. (Qualitative methodology is a procedure that produces descriptive data in
the form of written or oral language in society). He also says, “Data yang
dikumpulkan bukanlah angka – angka, dapat berupa kata – kata atau gambaran
sesuatu. Hal tersebut sebagai akibat dari metode kualitatif. Ciri ini merupakan ciri
yang sejalan dengan penamaan kualitatif. Deskripsi merupakan gambaran ciri – ciri
data secara akurat sesuai dengan sifat alamiah itu sendiri”(Djajasudarma, 2006:
16).(The collected data is not numbers, it can be words or description of something.
This is as a result of qualitative methods. This feature is consistent with the
qualitative naming. Description is the accurate overview of the data´s features itself)
3.2. Data and Source Data
The data for this study are taken from “The Hobbits: An Unexpected
Journey” Movie that release in 2012. This study focused on the subtitle of English
3.3. Data Collecting Method
After watching the movie, the dialogue and its subtitle in Indonesian are
selected as the main source data. From the main source data, this analysis aims to
find the English idiomatic phraseology and its subtitle in Indonesian as the data to be
analyzed. Then the data will be displayed and analyzed as using content analysis.
3.4. Data Analysis Method
Three steps are applied in analyzing the data. Miles and Huberman (in
Silalahi, 2012: 77) states, “Komponen utama proses analisis dalam penelitian ini
adalah: (1) reduksi data, (2) sajian data, (3) penarikan simpulan atau verifikasi”.
First, the research starts by collecting the data. Here, in this study the data
collection done by watching the movie and then write down the script of the dialogue
and its subtitle in Indonesian.
After collecting the data, reduction is done by reading the material
comprehensively and then identifying the English idiomatic phraseology and its
subtitle in Indonesian. Then the data are displayed. If data collection and reduction
are done, conclusion and verification can be made depends on the data display.
In analyzing the data, Vinay and Dalbernet theory (Venuti, 2000:84) is used
in order to find out the procedures applied in translating English idiomatic
3.5. Data Percentage
In order to support the research and to figure ot the most technique of
translation occurred in the user´s guide, this thesis is going to apply a formula
referring to ´Educational Statistic´, Butler (1985). Following is the formula calculating
the percentage of the data.
Table 2: Educational Statistic
X : Number of subcategory of kind of translation technique
Y : Number of all data
N : The percentage of subcategory of translation technique
Xx 100% = N
CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
4.1. Data Analysis
As stated in chapter two, idiom can be defined as a number of words which,
when taken together have different meaning from the individual meaning of each
word (Seidl and McMordie, 1988:13). That is why, idioms, are said, have some
figurative meanings, since the meanings of idioms are different from the original
meaning of each word.
In this research, there are 134 idioms were found. And based on the theory of
Vinay and Dalbernet, there are 3 procedures occured in subtitling idioms in “The
Hobbit” movie. The most dominant procedure is equivalence with 130 (97.01%)
occurences, then adaptation with 3 (2.24%) occurences and literal translation with 1
(0.75%) occurences.
4.1.1. Identifying The Translation Procedure
After collecting the data, the next step is to identify the procedures that being
used in subtitling the English idioms based on Vinay and Dalbernet theory. The data
identification are shown in the table below:
Table 3: Data Identification
No.
English Idioms
Indonesian Subtitle
Procedures
2 His eye was set on another prize.
Matanya tertuju pada hadiah
lain Equivalence
3 Run for your lives selamatkan diri kalian Equivalence 4 Keep your sticky paws off Singkirkan tanganmu. Equivalence
5 What on earth are these? Apa ini? Adaptation
6 Good gracious Astaga Equivalence
7
Except for the Sackville-Bagginses who are demanding you ask them in person.
Kecuali Sackville-Baggins, yang memintamu mengundang
mereka secara langsung.
Equivalence
8 Over my dead body Langkahi dulu mayatku. Equivalence 9 What on earth are you doing Apa yang kau lakukan ? Adaptation 10 Taking precautions Berjaga-jaga. Equivalence 11
You know I caught her
making off with the silverware once.
Aku pernah memergokinya
membawa kabur perabotan
perak.
Equivalence
12 Make sure you keep an eye
on her Pastikan kau mengawasinya Equivalence
13 He wouldn´t miss a chance to
let off his Whizpoppers.
Dia tak akan melewatkan
kesempatan untuk menyalakan
Whizpopper-nya.
Equivalence
14 He doesn´t approve of being
late. Dia tak suka keterlambatan Equivalence
15 In those days, I was always on
time.
Pada masa itu, aku selalu tepat
waktu Equivalence
16 I´m looking for someone to share in an adventure
Aku mencari orang untuk melakukan untuk melakukan petulangan bersamaku.
Equivalence
17 Dwalin, at your service Dwalin, aku siap membantumu Equivalence 18 Help yourself Ambil saja sendiri. Equivalence 19 By my beard, you´re shorter
and wider than last we met
Sumpah, Kau lebih pendek dan lebih lebar dari saat terakhir kita bertemu
Equivalence
20 Now, fill it up brother, don´t
stint Isi yang penuh, jangan pelit Equivalence
21 Come on, give us a hand Ayo, bantu kami Equivalence 22 Get off you big lump! Bangun kau, gendut ! Equivalence
23 Mind out Harap minggir Equivalence
24 My dear Bilbo, what on earth
is the matter? Bilbo, kenapa denganmu ? Adaptation
25 I don´t want to get used to
26 I lost my way Aku tersesat Equivalence 27 I fail to see why that´s
relevant
aku tak melihat apa
hubungannya Equivalence
28 let us have a little more light. mari kita merangkum
keadaannya Equivalence
29 I´m up for it Aku siap untuk itu Equivalence 30 Give us a number beri kami angkanya Literal
translation
31 Do we sit back while others claim what is rightfully ours?
Jadi kita diam saja selagi yang
lain mengambil milik kita? Equivalence
32 There´s a lot more to him
than appearances suggest
Dia punya kemampuan lebih
ketimbang penampilannya Equivalence
33 We will do it your way Kami akan mengikuti
pendapatmu Equivalence
34 He´ll melt the flesh off your bones in the blink of an eye
Smaug akan membuatmu
hangus terbakar dalam sekejap
mata
Equivalence
35 Who would stay up late Yang suka begadang Equivalence 36 I can´t just go running off
into the blue.
Aku tak bisa lari menghilang
begitu saja. Equivalence
37
He swung his club so hard, it
knocked the Goblin king´s head clean off.
Dia ayunkan tongkatnya begitu
keras hingga memutuskan
kepala Raja Goblin
Equivalence
38 I do believe you made that
up Aku yakin kau mengarangnya Equivalence
39 Hardly the stuff of legend Jelas bukan orang hebat Equivalence 40 For when I called upon them,
they answered.
Karena waktu kupanggil,
mereka menjawab. Equivalence
41 We will see it done Kita akan pastikan itu berhasil Equivalence 42 I can keep up on foot aku bisa mengikuti dengan
jalan kaki saja Equivalence
43 they took wagers on whether or not you´d turn up
Mereka bertaruh soal apakah
kau akan muncul. Equivalence
44 We have to turn around Kita harus berbalik Equivalence
45 Move on. Ayo jalan Equivalence
46 Throat cutters. Pembunuh kejam Equivalence
47 The giant Gundabad Orc wipe
out the line of Durin.
Orc gunung Gundabad
berbadan besar itu bersumpah
untuk memusnahkan semua
keturunan Durin.
Equivalence
48 Our forces rallied and drove
the Orcs back.
Pasukan kami menghimpun
kekuatan dan memaksa Orc
untuk mundur
49 He slunk back into the hole
whence he came
Dia mundur kembali ketempat
asalnya Equivalence
50 He keeps a watchful eye over the vast forest lands
Dia terus mengawasi Hutan
yang luas Equivalence
51 Move back! Mundurlah ! Equivalence
52 Give him some air for
goodness sake.
Beri dia ruang untuk bernapas
! Equivalence
53 Fili, Kili, look after the
ponies Fili, Kili, jaga kuda-kuda itu. Equivalence 54 Get a fire going Nyalakan apinya Equivalence 55
I did not give you that map and key for you to hold onto the past
Kuberikan peta dan kunci
padamu bukan agar kau selalu
ingat masa lalu.
Equivalence
56 I´ve had enough of Dwarves for one day.
Aku sudah muak dengan
Kurcaci untuk hari ini Equivalence
57 Here, do us a favor Bantu kami Equivalence 58
As our official burglar, we thought you might like to look into it
Sebagai Pencuri kita, sebaiknya
kau selidiki itu Equivalence
59 Stay down. Merunduklah. Equivalence
60 Shut your cakehole Diamlah Equivalence
61 Look what´s come out of me hooter
Bert, lihat apa yang keluar dari
hidungku Equivalence
62 Lay down your arms or we´ll
rip his off
Letakkan senjata kalian atau
kami cabut tangannya. Equivalence
63 What a load of rubbish. Itu omong kosong! Equivalence 64 You think I don´t know what
you´re up to?
Pikirmu aku tak tahu apa
rencanamu ? Equivalence
65 This little ferret is taking us
for fools
Musang kecil ini menganggap
kita bisa ditipu ! Equivalence
66 Get your foot out of my
back.
Jangan menginjak
punggungku. Equivalence
67 Still they´re all in one piece Tapi mereka masih hidup Equivalence 68 He had the nous to play for
time
Dia pintar dalam
mengulur-ulur waktu. Equivalence
69 Seems a shame just to leave
it lying around.
Sayang sekali semua ini
dibiarkan begitu saja. Equivalence
70 Set it down Letakkan itu. Equivalence
71 Arm yourselves! Siapkan senjata kalian ! Equivalence 72 Just give me a minute Beri aku waktu sebentar Equivalence 73 A darkness has fallen over it Kegelapan sedang
74 What in Durin´s name is
going on?
Atas nama Durin, apa yang
terjadi ? Equivalence
75 We have to get out of here. Kita harus pergi dari sini. Equivalence 76 I´ll draw them off. Akan kukecoh mereka Equivalence 77 They will outrun you. Mereka lebih cepat darimu. Equivalence 78 Hold your ground! Tetaplah di posisi kalian! Equivalence 79 This was your plan all along Ini rencanamu selama ini. Equivalence 80
The only ill will to be found in this valley is that which you bring yourself.
Satu-satunya musuh yang kau
temukan di lembah ini adalah dirimu sendiri
Equivalence
81 Which is why you will leave
the talking to me
Itu sebabnya kau akan
membiarkanku bicara Equivalence
82 Stay sharp Tetaplah waspada Equivalence
83 Close ranks! Rapatkan barisan! Equivalence
84 Something or someone has
drawn them near
Ada sesuatu atau seseorang
yang menarik mereka untuk
mendekat
Equivalence
85 May it serve you well Semoga itu berguna bagimu . Equivalence 86 For goodness sake, Thorin,
show him the map.
Yang benar saja, Thorin,
Tunjukkan peta itu padanya. Equivalence
87 lt would seem you were
meant to come to Rivendell.
Tampaknya kau ditakdirkan
untuk datang ke Rivendell. Equivalence
88 This is ill news. Ini kabar buruk. Equivalence 89
With or without our help these Dwarves will march on the mountain.
Dengan atau tanpa bantuan kita, Para Kurcaci itu akan
tetap pergi ke Gunung.
Equivalence
90 I had no idea Lord Elrond had
sent for you.
Aku tak tahu kenapa Lord
Elrond memanggilmu Equivalence
91
We can remain blind to it but it will not be ignoring us that I can promise you.
Kita bisa mengabaikannya, tapi
dia tak mengabaikan kita, kupastikan itu.
Equivalence
92 A sickness lies over the Greenwood
Kejahatan terjadi di
Greenwood. Equivalence
93 A powerful spell lies upon those tombs.
Mantra kuat telah diucapkan di
atas makam itu. Equivalence
94 Be on your guard Waspadalah Equivalence
95 We´re about to step overthe
Edge of the Wild
Kita berada di batas daerah liar
sekarang Equivalence
96 Lead on Pimpin di depan. Equivalence
98
But I fear this quest has set in motion forces we do not yet understand
Tapi aku khawatir upaya
pencarian ini telah memicu
kekuatan yang belum kita pahami.
Equivalence
99
Something moves in the shadows unseen hidden from our sight
Sesuatu bergerak di balik
bayangan tak terlihat, tersembunyi dari pandangan kita
Equivalence
100 Hold on! Bertahanlah ! Equivalence
101 Look out! Awas ! Equivalence
102 Hold on! Pegangan Equivalence
103 Well, bless me. Yang benar saja. Equivalence 104 Take cover, you fool! Berlindung, bodoh ! Equivalence
105 Get off! Menyingkir! Equivalence
106 Up you get Naiklah Equivalence
107 Let´s get a fire started mari kita nyalakan apinya Equivalence 108 We start at first light. Kita jalan saat fajar tiba. Equivalence 109 Bofur, take the first watch. Bofur, kau yang jaga pertama Equivalence 110 you can´t turn back now kau tak bisa kembali sekarang Equivalence 111 You´re homesick Kau rindu pada rumah Equivalence 112 You´re used to this life. Kalian terbiasa dengan
kehidupan seperti ini. Equivalence
113 Wake up! Bangun ! Equivalence
114 Get away Enyah dariku ! Equivalence
115 Get back! Mundur ! Equivalence
116 You´ll pay for this! Akan kubalas kau! Equivalence 117 Get your hands off me! Enyah tanganmu dariku ! Equivalence
118 Get off me! Enyah dariku! Equivalence
119 Send word to the pale Orc Kirim kabar ke Orc pucat. Equivalence 120 The cold hard lands, they
bites our hands
Lingkungan yang keras bagai
mengigit tangan kita Equivalence
121 Stay back Mundur. Equivalence
122 keep your distance! Enyah kau ! Equivalence 123
Just show me the way to get out of here and I´ll be on my way
Tunjukkan saja jalan keluar
dari sini dan aku akan pergi. Equivalence
124 Shut up! Diam ! Equivalence
125 Finish him off Habisi dia Equivalence
126 Do you give up? Kau menyerah ? Equivalence
127 Time´s up. Waktunya habis. Equivalence
131 I think I saw him slip away when they first collared us.
Kurasa aku melihatnya
menyelinap saat mereka pertama kali menangkap kita
Equivalence
132 We´d given you up. Kami telah merelakanmu pergi. Equivalence 133 Out of the frying pan. And
into the fire
Kita telah keluar dari kesulitan. Tapi masuk ke kesulitan lain yang lebih besar.
Equivalence
134 Up into the trees! Naik ke atas pohon! Equivalence
4.1.2. Classifying and Analyzing The Data Based on The Translation Procedure
The next step, after the data are identified, is the data will be classified and
given brief explanation about the procedures that being used in subtitling the idioms.
4.1.2.1. Adaptation
Adaptation is used in those cases where the type of situation being referred to
by the SL message is unknown in the TL culture. In such cases translators have to
create a new situation that can be considered as being equivalent. Adaptation can,
therefore, be described as a special kind of equivalence, a situational equivalence
(Vinay and Dalbernet in Venuti, 2000: 90 – 92).
Data Analysis:
