Language Styles Used In
“PK”
Movie
THESIS
Submitted as partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree of English Departement Faculty of Arts and Humanities
State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya
By : Rahma Yunita
Reg. Number: A03212012
ENGLISH DEPARTEMENT FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA
LANGUAGE STYLES USED IN PK MOVIE
THESIS
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree of English Department Faculty of Letter and Humanities State Islamic
University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya
BY: Rahma Yunita Reg Number: A03212012
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SUNAN AMPELSURABAYA
2016
1.3The Objectives of The Study...6
1.4Significance of Study...6
1.5Scope and Limitation...7
1.6Definition of Key Terms...7
2.3.2 Kind of language style...13
2.3.2.1 Frozen Style...13
2.3.2.2 Formal Style...14
2.3.2.3 Consultative Style...14
2.3.2.4 Casual Style...15
2.3.2.4 Intimate Style...15
2.4 Previous Study...16
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE STUDY 3.1 Research Design...19
3.2 Intruments...19
3.3 Data Sources...20
3.4 Data collection...20
3.5 Technique of Collection data...20
CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Findings...22
4.1.1 Formal Style...23
4.1.2 Consultative Style...28
4.1.3 Casual Style...33
4.1.4 Intimate Style...39
4.2 Discussion...44
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion...46
5.2 Suggestion...47
REFERENCES...48
APPENDIX...50
ABSTRACT
Yunita, Rahma. 2016. An Analysis of Language Style Used In Pk Movie. Thesis. English Department Faculty of Arts and Humanities, State Islamic Universtity of Sunan Ampel Surabaya.
Advisor: Endratno Pilih Swasono, M.Pd. Key Words: Language style
This study focuses on language style. The study focuses on a language styles used by the main character in the Pk movie. Pk movie is a film based on the fiction story about alien who comes to Earth on a research mission. The objectives of this study are two problems. The writer focuses on what kinds of language style used by the main character in the Pk movie and what the mostly used. This study used descriptive qualitative, it is deal with nature of the real situation that occured during the interaction among the participants. The writer also involve in interpreting data while the data taken from all utterance of the main character and setting in PK movie.
INTISARI
Yunita, Rahma. 2016. An Analysis of Language Style Used In PK movie. Skripsi. Program Studi Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra dan Humaniora. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Syrabaya.
Doesen pembimbing: Endrano Pilih Swasono
Kata kunci: gaya bahasa
Penelitian ini fokus pada gaya bahasa. Studi ini berfokus pada analisa gaya bahasa yang digunakan oleh prean utama didalam film Pk. Film pk merupakan cerita fiksi yang menceritakan tentang seorang mahluk asing yang datang ke bumi untuk misi penelitian. Penulis befokus pada jenis gaya bahasa yang digunakan oleh peran utama di film Pk dan jenis apa yang sering digunakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yaitu berdasarkan pada keadaan murni yang muncul selama interaksi antara pembicara. Penulis juga menginterpretasikan data yang diperoleh dari seluruh pembicaraan peran utama beserta tempat dimana percakapan berlangsung dalam film PK.
Menurut teori Martin Joos, gaya bahasa dibedakan menjadi lima jenis. Meliputi gaya baku, gaya resmi, gaya usaha, gaya santai, dan gaya akrab. Data tersebut di ambil dari naskah film Pk yang terdiri dari ucapan-ucapan di karakter utama. Penulis menggunakan pedekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian
terdapat empat jenis yang digunakan pada film tersebut, tetapi yang paling banyak digunakan ada dua jenis adalah gaya santai dan gaya usaha.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter the discusses presents background of study, statement of problems, objectives of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation,
and definition of key terms.
1.1 Background of Study
Language is a system of pronounced sounds, used by people as a tool of
having relationship in their society. Without language the human get difficult to interact each other. Language is one of the most important parts of human life. According to Holmes (1992:12), human usually use language to ask for and give
information to each other. With language human can transfer their feeling, idea and share information. Language as a medium of interaction and
communicationin a society has a function of expressing idea feeling and though each other.
People use some language in different way it depends on the topic and
situation. Labov (1972; 208) states taht in his thirteen general principles in principles of linguistic methodology. On of the thirteen general principles is
principles of style shifthing: “There are no single speaker.” Therefore, no body speak the same style to another, even though they speak the same language.
language. Boey (1975:3) says that language is social phenomenon. It is means of communication among individuals. It is also they into relationship with their
environment. Moreover, Trager (1972:9) says that the activity of human being is interaction and communication with each other. Based on the statement above, it
can be inferred that as a social creature, human being cannot live alone and needs the other.
Language allows people to say things to each other and expresses their
communicative needs. Language and society may influence each other because as a human being, human cannot be separated with society and environment, they still need another people. Every people have different ways of speaking, even they
talk with the same topic but it isn’t mean that they have the same style in speak. Holmes (1992: 10) says, human may use different pronounciations, vocabulary,
grammar or style of language for different purposes.
There are two kinds of language, spoken language and written language. spoken language is an utterance which is formed from sound, such as
conversation, speech storytelling, discussion, radio, television broadcast and etc. While, written is an untterance which is formed in the written form, such as
novels, comics, newspaper, magazines, letter, books, journals, articles, and etc.
In relation to cohesive devices, there are four previuos study about
occur in the short story and how often they occur in percentage. Raharjo uses the radio as his data and he wants to identify type of language style that occur in the
produced radios. Eva uses the freedom writer movie as her main data. Khumaida, focus on differences two presenter language styles. Here, the writer use movie as
data, but this movie is indian movie. None of the researcher use indian movie as their source of data. Based on the researcher above that research about language style have many kinds data to analyse like india movie which the writer taken
indian movie as data sources.
According to dictionary that Language style is defined as the choice of words used by a specific group of people when they speak.Trudgill (1974:103)
says that language style refers to convey the same information using different expression. It is related to different variations of language used in different
situation and needs. The participant has to apply the right style depends on the situation and condition.
The language style expresses people feeling and through a language, both
orally and written form. To know how the writer or speaker uses his or her language style in conveying their thinking to the people is very interesting. In
writing, the writer puts the utterance in the form of spoken language. beside that people have their own style in expressing their thought and mind through different
language style.
personal, attributes, or beliefs. According to David (1980:337) says, style refers to the relationship among the participant in a language activity espesially the level of
formality they adopt. It means the style of person indicates the characteristic when they get speech activities with others will get diferences of style. In reality each
kinds of style are used for different occasion purpose.
Talking about India language is usually called Hindi language. Hindi belongs to Indo-Aryan family and is a direct descendant of sanskrit which is
recognised as a so called classical language of india. Beside that the reader know India language that’s Hindi is the most popular second language after English. Hindi is functions as a mother tongue of India language, but parts of india not
many people speak Hindi as they prefer their local languages. India language have many contrast with English. English language in India has a special role, it is the
co-official language of the constitution. The use of English in India began in the colonial times when it was the language of the political power.
Therefore the writer interested in analysing language style because it can be found
in daily activities, such as: work, learning, conversation, and movies. Sometimes, people uncosiusly have languge style theirself when speak with each other,
esspecially in the movie. Hence the reasons why the writer wants to analyze the language style used by Jaggu in PK movies.
and so on. Talk about movie, the everyone almost like watch movie. Movie is one of daily activity that can not separated from human, especially indian movie.
Furthermore, the research choses this PK movie “JAGGU” as a data source to find out the language style that are used in the movie. This movie is very amazing and funny. The actors and actress act like the real character in the movie.
In this movie the writer will find another word of spoke language called language style. They used their own language style in their community. This movie tells
about the adventure of alien who comes to Earth on a reseacrh mission. Jaggu (Anushka Sharma) is PK friends a television journalist and questions religious dogmas and superstitions. Jaggu as the main character in this movie and she help
Pk to find remote control for his can back to home.
Pk movie is one of indian movie that some actor and actress use language
style in the movie. Pk movie is one of the most amazing movie in 2014 year. This movie was directed by Rajkumar Hirani. He is very famous in the Indian director, screenwriter and film editor of Hindi movie. One of Best know for the films is 3
Idiot (2009), before it there are some best movie, they are: Munna Bhai MBBS (2003), Lage Raho Munnabhai (2006). All the movie directed by him went on to
become huge successes at the box office. He has also won 11 filmfare awards.
1.2 Statement of The Problems
Based on the background of the research, this study is conducted to answer
a. What kinds of language style are used by jaggu the main character in the
“PK” movie?
b. What is the most of language style used by jaggu the main character in the
“PK” movie?
1.3 The Objectives of The Study
Beased on the problems above, the objective of the study are:
a. To describe some kinds of language style used by jaggu the main character
in the “PK” movie.
b. To describe the most of language style that is used by jaggu in the “PK”
movie.
1.4 Significance of The Study
The result of this research is hopefully give benefit for all students, especially at
English Departement student. This research, the student are able to apply their knowladge and comprehend language style in the daily conversation. The writer hope this research is able to add knowledge or enrich about language style,
especially which are found in the movie. Beside that, the reader can be understand more about kinds or mostly of language style that used in “PK” movie.
1.5 Scope and Limitation
The scope of the study is sociolinguistic, especially about language style used by jaggu the main character in the movie. This research is limited on analyzing
used by jaggu in the movie “PK”. So, the writer will analyze the kinds of language style the most style used in the movie.
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms
In order to avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation about the basic concpets
used in this research, the writer would like to give some definition of the key terms as follows.
a. Language style is characteristic mode of expression individual speaker or
refers to language variation, which reflects change in situational factors (holmes, 1992:76). Especially in the way it is spoken.
b. PK is a 2014 Indian satirical science fiction comedy film directed by
Rajkumar Hirani, produced by Hirani and Vidhu Vinod Chopra, and written by Hirani and Abhijat Joshi. The film star Aamir Khan as alien
who comes to Earth on a reseacrh mission and the supporting role Anushka Sharma as his befriends a television journalist and question
religious dogmas and supertitions. Sushant Singh Rajput, Boman Irani, Saurabh Shukla, and Sanjay Dutt in supporting roles.
c. Movie: a series of moving pictures, usually shown in cinema or on
television and often telling a story: love, action, romantic, and so on. Also movie called like material that can record images as photographs.
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE RIVIEW
In this chapter the writer explains some theories that gives relevant to her study. This includes sociolinguistic, language variation, dialect, language style, style, and kinds of style: chapter, the researcher will be tell about the theories and previous study.
2.1. Sociolinguistics
The relation between language and society. Language cannot be separated from the
society, it’s because they have relation to each other. Janet Holmes (1992:1) said that sociolinguistics is the study of relation between language and society. It’s supporting by Trudgill argument who said that sociolinguistic is the part of linguistics which is connected
with language as a social and cultural phenomenon. According to Wardhaugh (1986:13) said that sociolinguistic is concered with investigating the relationships between language and society with the goal being a better understanding of the structure of language and how
language functions in communication, and also Bernard Spolsky (1998:3) said that sociolinguistic is the field that studies the ralation between language and society, between the
use language and the social structures in which the users of language live. It’s field of study that assumes that human society is made up of many related patterns and behaviour.
2.2. Language variation
The language variation exist because of the use of single language which is different
according to social characteristics of the speaker, such as social class, ethnic group, age, and sex. Iwan made (2010) said that language variation are classified according to several
different points of view including the way it is used, formality, the stratification, and the various professional fields to which the lexicon of the language is normally associated. According to the way it is used, language is divided into the spoken and written variaties.
According to the formality, there are formal and informal language variation.
2.2.1 Dialect
One variety of language. according to Trudgill (2000:5), dialect is defined as the differences between kinds of language in vocaburaly, grammar, and pronountion. Dialect can be used to apply to apply all varieties, not just to nonstandard varieties. Chaika (1982:132)
said that dialect refers to all the difference between varieties of language, pronounciation, word usage, and syntax.
2.2.2 Register
Register is the term as sets of language items relate with discrete occupational or social group. By using register, people can express their identity at a specific time or place.
People participating in recurrent communication situations tend to develop similar vocabularies, similar features of intonation and characteristic bits of syntax and phonology that they use in this situation (Wardhaugh 2005:51)
2.2.3 Jargon
Jargon is a type of language that is used in a particular context and may not be well
distinguishes jargon from the rest of a language is special vocabulary including some words specific to it and often, narrower senses of words that out-groups would tend to take in a
broader sense. Jargon is characteristic idiom of a special words used by a particular group or people.
2.2.4 Slang
Slang is a particular way of speaking, a variant of language usage, a situation dependent communication code which is defined first of all by the attitude of the speaker or
rather, the use of which is the expression of an attitude. In this definition the term “speech” figures prominently since the use of slang is mainly characteristic of verbal communication and is inextricably connected to the given speech situation. According to Oxford english
dictionary defines that slang is words used in informal coversation, not suitable for formal situation by a particular group of people. Slang words are usually to speak in non formal
situation such as conversation in group of people.
2.3 Style
Style in sociolinguistic, style has been a very limited concept and a peripheral concern
(Nikolas, 2007:9). Style refers to a way of doing something. It has a social meaning. Social style have been established for several decadeds. In the general sociolinguistic term used to refer to way of speaking (Nikolas, 2007:2). According to David (1980:337) says, style refers
to the relationship among the participant in a language activity espesially the level of formality they adopt. It means the style of person indicates the characteristic when they get
speech ctivities with others will get diferences of style. In reality each kinds of style are used for different occasion purpose.
The word style is used to denote different ways. This word is derived from latin words stylus, which means pen. The form of letters is influenced by the way in wich pen is a cut,
however, it is possible to write the same letters with different pens; the letter only differ in their style. So, language style means different ways in communating with others (Renkema, 1993:97).
Related to chaika (1982:29) said that style refers to the selection of linguistic forms to convey social or artistic effects. According to Trudgill (1974:103) says that language style
refers to convey the same information using different expression. It is related to different variations of language used in different situation and needs. The participant has to apply the right style depends on the situation and condition.
2.3.2 Kinds of language style
Martin joss (1967) identified five scales of languages style, they are: frozen style,
formal style, consultative style, casual style, and intimate style.
2.3.2.1 Frozen style
Frozen style is a style which is used in a very formal setting such as in palace, church,
speech of state ceremony, and some other occasions. This style involves very large group of people whose members are known to one another. In other meaning frozen is a person or
something turned into ice, damaged cold, preserved or made motionless by extreme, or wihtout affection a fixed position. Example in sentence:
- A bag of peas just removed from freezer
- A nose exposed to freezing cold weather
The usage of this style must be careful and well prepared so this style is usually used by people who have high skill or knowledge and well educated such as lawyers, president,
prime minister etc. This style is characterized by long and complex sentences, a scientifically vocabulary, and subject matter is substantial. It also can be involved in conversation if each member of the interaction has certain of fix verbal role to be played.
2.3.2.2 Formal style
Formal style is lower than frozen style because usually it is used in formal situation
such as in office and meet stranger. Formal style is a style that is designed to inform, it is dominating characters, something that is necessarily ancillary in consultation. Formal style is defined as the style of language used for improtant or serious situation. It is also used in
adressing audience, usually audience is too large or permit effective interchange between speaker and hearer. It’s also can called a broad term for speech or writing marked by an
impersonal, objective, and precise used of language. Example: yes, sir.. okay, sir and so on.
2.3.2.3 Consulative style
Conscultative style is used semiformal communication situation. It is one type of
language which is required from everyday speaker. It is usual form of speech in a small group. This style focuses on using the skills, experiences, and ideas of other. Beside that consultative style is that shown our norm for coming to term with strangers who speak our
language but whose personal stock of information may be different.
Consultative style happens in two-way participation. It is the most operational among
2.3.2.4 Casual style
Casual style is a style that is used for the conversation in our relaxed or informal
situation. that is apropriate to conversation with friends, co-worker, family and each othe rsuch as outside the classroom when the student have a chat.
Casual style is also simply defined as a style that is used for the conversation in our
relaxed or normal situation that appropriate to the conversation with our friends, the background information so freely inserted into casual conversation. Casual style is
characterized by use of slang. Slang is non standard form of word which is known and used by a certain group. Slang is something that nearly everyone uses and recognizes, but nobody can define, Fromkin (2007: 439)
2.3.2.5 Intimate style
Intimate style is completely a private language that is used with friends, lovers and families. Normally the intimate group is pair. There are two systematic features of intimate
style: the first is extraction, the speaker who extracts a minimum pattern from casual style. It’s meant our closest friendliest most trusting variety. Not all words that signal are restricted
to intimate situations. Example: love, darling, honey, families and closest of friends. The second is jargon. Jargon is technical vocabulary associated with special activity or group. In the other word, jargon must not be undertood by other people. Example: in the group certain
have special word as identity.
Thus, from the statement above, it’s can conclude that language style very important
in human life, because language style is part of behaviour. According to chaika (1982:31) say that the speaker gives a great deal of information about themselves just by the word,
reveal to the hearer such things as the speaker. The style markers of a particular social group or region may be deliberately used for other purposes. It means that using the language style
must determine the purpose of communication.
2.4 Previous study
There are some studies supporting this research that have relation to language theory.
This previuos study has explained in the background before, but here the writer want to clear explanation more. They are previous study:
In this study by Nurul Fahmi (2014) and the tittle is Analysis of language styles in a serial story Garising Pepethen in the panjebar semangat magazine. In this study, she analyzed the kind of language style is used by the character and the dominat language style used in
garisiing pespesthen in the panjebar semangat magizine in different style through martin joos thoery. She found four language style and the mostly ued is inmate style. Based on the
previous study she used descriptive qualitative method for the research. In the study casual style the participant use informal situation and they want to make informal atmosphere and also because they are talking to others of equal standing. In consultative style it is show that
the speaker are different rank of position of older speaker to show his respect to the older. In formal style use important situation, it is used to talk to stranger. So, this study would
uderstand the different usage of javanese either to be used among friends or those who have higher social status.
The previous study by eva sulistiyawati (2014) and the tittle is A study of speech style
style, frozen style, casual style, consultative style, and intimate style. In this study, casual style are often use in this movie because most of the conversation are occurred in an informal
situation. Beside that this previous study is only focuses on type of speech style used by main character in freedom writer and she found five types of language style. She used descriptive approach method to analyze the speech style.
The other previous study by Raharjo (2000) who focused his study on the speech styles in drug adverstising on the radio in surabaya and also the differences between men and
women’s speech on it. He analyzed the type of speech style produced by five local radios in surabaya specifically. He used Martin joos theory of speech style as his main theory and gleason, widarso and Hymes theory for the supporting theories. he used qualitative approach.
He got the by taking 24 drug advertisements on the radio in surabaya. in analyzing the data, he identified the participants and narrators of the conversation in drug advertisement on the radio are formal, consultative, casual, and intimate. He didn’t find frozen style used on the
radio advertisement.
The last previous study is A Study of Speech Style by Presenters in Mak Bonky TV
Show by Mar’atul Khumaida (2004). She analyze types and categorized of speech tyle. She used some theories from Martin Joos, Holmes, and Couldhard to found five style categories,
formal, consultative, casual, intimate, and frozen. This research found different style used by Mak Bonky almost five style used by Mak Bongky and Inggrid speech style used only four styles in the television. This research want tell that two presenter in Mak Bonky TV show
mostly used casual style with the audience this style is commonly used in interaction. The result this research mention that casual as the most of speech style in her research. Based on
study foces on characteristic of casual speech style that is used by the host Mak bongky TV show.
Based on four previous study above, this study have different. It’s the writer uses decriptive qualitative approach. The writer also different statement of problem and object. This study use movie as medium to identify the kinds of language style through Martin Joos
CHAPTER III
METHOD OF THE STUDY
In this chapter, the writer discussed the research method that was consists of research design, instruments, data and data source, data collection, technique of collecting data.
3.1. Research Design
This research used descriptive qualitative approach. The qualitative approach is defined as a description of observation which is not expressed in quantitative terms. Nazir
(1998:64) says that descriptive method is a method of research that made the description of the situation of event or occurrence. According to Sari wahyuni (2012:76) qualitative research is an inductive approach and its goal is to gain a deeper understanding of a person’s
or group experience. The study was description of people, place and conversation clearly and detail, because it was conducted to interpert the data.
3.2.Instruments
In this research, the instrument of this research were the writer herself, video cassette PK and some books reference related to the topics. To get the data, the researcher collected in
the PK movie (2014). The writer was the one who able to find appropriate tools such as television used to watch movie. After that, the writer searches the transcript of the “PK”
movie.
The data of research is taken from the conversation of PK movie. The writer found an appropriate conversation when she watched the movie, and sources of transcript. The writer
took directly to the data that consist language style that used.
3.4.Data Collection
There were some steps that used by the writer to collected the data for research. In
collecting the data, this research following some steps in collecting the data:
1. The writer watched PK movie to understand more what the story.
2. The writer searched PK script of the movie in google, after that the writer
downloaded or took the script in order to help the writer can find or see all of kinds of language style.
3. The writer analyzed the kinds of language style
4. The writer analyzed the mostly kinds of language style
3.5.Technique of Collecting Data
After collecting data, the writer transcribed the movie and identified the utterances
that contain language style used, the writer had some steps to analyze the data. First, the writer listened the data which is used language style in the PK movie. Then, the writer classified them based on language style by martin joss (1976) which discusses the language
style.
- The data collected from the movie by gaining the transcript of the conversation
occured the movie.
- Collecting the data and grouping into the five language styles.
- The writer analyzed and interpreted the data
CHAPTER IV
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter the writer focuses on language style used by PK movie. By focusing on language style, it makes the writer able to answer statement of the problem in this analyze. There are four types of language style used by PK movie.
The writer divides this chapter in two parts. In the first part of this chapter, the writer provides the interpretation based on the findings in relation to types of
language style used by PK movie.
4.1 Finding
In this part the writer divided into two parts based on the research
problems. The first part about kinds of language style used by Jaggu as the second main character in the PK movie and the second part is about the mostly language
style used by Jaggu as the second main character in the PK movie. The data which are used of the study taken from PK movie directed by Rajkumar Hirani. The writer analyze based on the page and line which consist of dialogue focus on
Jaggu as the second main character of PK movie.
4.1.1 Kinds of language style used by Jaggu as the main character in
the PK movie.
In this part, the writer analyzes data of utterances according to Martin Joos
are frozen style, formal style, consultative style, casual style, and intimate style. Moreover, the writer found 59 dan and will be discuuss one by one.
4.1.1.1 Formal Style
This section there are some conversation which is belongs to formal style. It can be seen when the dialogue need high formality in speaking, use a standard
language, low tempo, avoidance the use of repitition and based on the distant among the participants. The writer has found 14 type of formal style, for example
explanation, I only taken some data as evidence:
Data: 1.
Jaggu : Sorry, but I raise my hand first.
Sarfaraz : Oh sorry, but I ask first after that you came
Jaggu : But I am a big fan of Amitabh Bahchan
Based on the convesation above, the conversation happened in the public hall. Here, the conversation happens between Jaggu and Sarfaraz. Jaggu buy a ticket of Amitabh Bahchan’s concert, because the ticket is the last one suddenly
sarfaraz come and he want to buy too. They are arrogate the ticket. Jaggu tell to him if she come first used polite form.
The uttuerance as proof, she said “Sorry, but I raise my hand first”. It is
show polite sentence which indacate formal style. All daily activity should be used standart form language, especially met someone else. So, Jaggu apply that
Data 2
Jaggu: I joined the news channel now.
Boss ordered to bring any dog. He want to make it a breaking news. Haven't got any new news.
Sometimes had to make-up some news.
Disappeared. Missing. If found, please contact PK. That man, a good story.
You go to the office. I'll come later.
nitu: Come quickly.
Excuse me. Why you give these out ?
PK: My case with him is not solved yet. He didn’t contact me
and hadn’t been found.
Based on the conversation above, the conversation happened in the train station. Here, the conversation happens between Jaggu and PK. Before it, Jaggu
and her friends talking about their Job and suddenly PK come for dispart the paper. In this situation Jaggu meet PK for the first time. Jaggu ask to him with a
well mannered sentence in community.
The utterance as proof, she said “Excuse me. Why you give these out ?.”
It is clear used polite sentence. Because she address “Excuse me” is very polite
when before ask something and indicates the characteristic of formal style since the word is standard form. Jaggu gives impression politeness in asking something
with new person.
Data 3:
Nittu : Yes. To the left side. Yeah perfect, perfcet. Okay background. Jaggu cue.
Jaggu : Who said that animals don’t commit suicide? This is nikku. Dr.
it has attempted suicide three times, try to jump off the roof, ate sleeping tablets, and throw itslef in fireplace.
Based on the conversation above, the conversation happened in the news studio office. Here, the conversation happens Jaggu and Nitu. Jaggu is a journalist
of news program. Jaggu didn’t get some news yet and perfoce news about animal’s suicide. Exactly, Jaggu using polite and standart form language in order to deliver some information with clear and easy to understand.
The utterance as proof, she said “This is nikku. Dr. Sweetie singh’s dog
from Ramesh Nagar...” Underline from the sentences which appears by Jaggu
using habitually language in news community. The sentence is indicate used
formal style. Because in the situation formal like a news program always using polite language.
Data 4
Pandit: A thief, thief, thief! Catch him. He stole money from the box
Man: Hey, where are you going? Catch him..
pundit: Get away.
You idiot, dare stealing from God?
Jaggu: Pandit.. He is not a theif. My purse fell through the boy
when I want to give money in it. He’s helping me to get it, that’s all. I’m telling the truth. Check it!!
Based on conversation above, the conversation happened in the temple.
The conversation happens jaggu and pandit. Jaggu utterance uses standart form, because jaggu help someone and tell with polite sentence show the character of
indicate the character of formal style, because jaggu apply sentence with standart form and easy to undersanting. Actually pandit is called for older man, if they are
not know their name in order polite when accost. Data 5:
Jaggu : Belgian university. Dial
Woman : Hello
Jaggu : Hello, I actually to get in touch with one of your grads
student? Sarfaraz Yusuf
Woman : Oh yeah, He left for pakistan last year.
Based on the conversation above, the conversation happened in the one question’s program show. Here, the conversation happens Jaggu and staff of belgium university, where Jaggu find sarfaraz by phone in the belgium university.
The utterance “Hello, I actually to get in touch with one of your grads student
?.” Jaggu addresser with “hello” it’s indicate polite language when in the formal
stituation and supporting the sentence. becuase for the first word to say gretting for someone always saying hello or hi.
Data 6
Police: lady, does this look like a canteen to you? Where you can
eat and drink, have fun with friends as you please? This is lock up. Only someone who is faulty is able to go in. Ma’am, bribe in banned
Jaggu: that why I give it. You can even be out in oh please do it.
Thank you Mr. Pandit. Just one an hour
Based on the conversation above happened in the police office. Here, the
pk. The conversation uses standart form because this situation is formal place. The
utterance “thank you Mr. Pandit” is indicate the character of formal style which
jaggu expression happy when she can enter to lock up. Moreover, the relationship among jaggu and police have no close relationship.
Data 7
Based on the conversation above happened in the front of temple. This situation jaggu and pk talk about go home. Pk give jaggu money, but jaggu give
back money to him use standart form and polite sentence. The utterance “You
have to go to your home too right? And you don’t have any money too” is
adressing indicate the character of formal style.
Data 8
Pk: sarfaraz did not betray you
Jaggu: Let it go, Pk, Please
Pk: No, tell everyone what happened that day
Jaggu: PK, Please!!
PK: Only once. For me
The conversation above happened in the one question show. Here, the conversation happens Pk and Jaggu talk about her boyfriends which fail to
and standart form. The situation very formal and seriously. So, jaggu apply utterance be carefully and easy to understand.
The utterance as proof “Let it go, Pk, Please” is indicate the character of
formal style, because “let it go and please” is very formal sentence and very polite
form if used in the formal situation. Data 9
Jaggu "One more question."
In this special program, for all of you. Where we bring together PK and, Tapaswi Hold on.
Based on the conversation above happened in the program show. Here, the conversation happens Jaggu and Tapaswi. Jaggu utterance uses polite sentence
and standart form in the news community. Jaggu as host in the program show and the tiitle “One more question” which talk about tapaswi and pk. Jaggu and tapaswi are not have relation. The utterance “In this special program, for all of you” is
indicate the character of formal style, she apply conversation in the appropriate situation.
4.1.3 Consultative Style
There are some characteristics of consultative style that can be found in this movie. There are some dialogues which used consultative style in the speaker.
It can be seen such as the use of idiom, unfinished statement and short respon and sometimes it can be no response. The writer has found 34 type of consultative
Data 10
Jaggu: 96. There are 96. Small discount please, we're from same country after all. Motherland... Long live!
sell: Yes, long live... 100 euros.
Jaggu : can you lend 4 euro please? You can take the watch for the
money. Please uncle.
Uncle: its full already, you won’t get any tickets
The conversation above happens jaggu and uncle. Here, the conversation
happened in the public hall talk about ticket. Jaggu utterance indicate semi formal langauge and she uses polite language when conversation with oldman.
The utterance “can you lend 4 euro please?” is addressing sentence
indicate consultative style. The characteristic of consultative style even this conversation occurred between young man and oldman. So, jaggu apply
expression with role and situation.
Data 11
Jaggu: uncle
Uncle: who?
Jaggu: You ask who? Where are my tickets ?
Uncle: Ohh tickets? 100 euro...
Jaggu: bloody cheacter. You bastard, liar, shmocks
Based on the conversation above, the conversation happens jaggu and
uncle. Here, conversation happened in the public hall. Jaggu utterance uses idiom sentence. This situation jaggu express angry with uncle which occurs informal
cheacter. You bastard, liar, shmocks” is addressing indicate the character of
consultative style.
Data 12:
Jaggu: No uncle, there is one hero, selling forged tickets
Uncle: Rascals. People like him tarnish our country’s name
Jaggu: Right.
Uncle: you stay here, I’ll get you tickets
Jaggu: Thank you
The diaogue above happens jaggu and uncle talk about dishonest seller. Jaggu utterance in formal form, because she give short statement. They
conversation can be categorized as casual style. But, the utterance “Right” is
addressing sentence indicate consultative style, because consultative also give and take of everyday conversation discussed about something which related to daily
activity. So, jaggu apply short statement when she understand conversation.
Data 13
Sarfaraz: So I cut it short. Jaggu you live here ?
Jaggu: No, Delhi. I’m hosting a tv production here. And you ?
Sarfaraz: I’m sarfaraz, study architecture here and doing part time
job. Here, at the pakistan embassy.
Based on conversation above, the conversation happens jaggu and sarfaraz in the front of public hall. Jaggu utterance semi formal, because the situation
informal which not seriously place. Jaggu and sarfaraz talk about introduce
theirself. The utterance “No, Delhi. I’m hosting a tv production here” is
addressing indicate the character of consultative style. bescause jaggu uses
Data 12
Sarfaraz: I’m sarfaraz, studying architecture here and doing part
time job at the pakistan embassy.
Jaggu: why pakistan embassy?
Sarfaraz: because, i’m a pakistani. So, I cannot a job at Indian
embassy right? What happened?
Jaggu: No. Nothing.
Sarfaraz: pakistan mentioned, and you your smile was gone?
The conversation above, it represents the conversation that happened
sarfaraz and jaggu. Actually they utterance semi formal language since both of jaggu and sarfaraz have no relation. Jaggu express polite language use respon,
because the utterance “no. nothing?” is addressing use unfinished statemet.
This utterance indicate the character of consultative style. The character of consultative style also occur conversation. The use short statement where Jaggu in
this conversation give a short respon by saying above. So, jaggu expression use short statement when she feeling no good.
Data 13
Jaggu: Hi, I want to know your story. Tell me.
Pk: What is it?
Jaggu: I’m a tv reporter. This ia my job.
The conversation happened in the outside studio. Considering the setting is not formal enough because the conversation happens directly, it means didn’t
formality in delivering the utterance. Jaggu also uses utterance in semiformal way since she use standart form “Hi..”, and “I want to know your story” that indicatess
daily activity or routine conversation where the participant meet continously. So, jaggu as repoter can apply language easy and right at the place.
Data 14
Sarfaraz: No, really.. you really like sir Rai bachchan. Woman found
him in the morning... He sang the words of his poems... by evening she married him. I’ve read it.
Jaggu: Really..
The conversation above happens sarfaraz and jaggu talk about their fans.
This situation sarfaraz tell about so many literary amitabh bhachan has read by him. Jaggu utterance uses semi formal sentence where this character use in the
outside and community place. The utterance “Really..” is addressing the character
of consultative style, because jaggu give short respon in this conversation.
Data 15
Jaggu Have you told anyone-
Have you told anyone that you're an alien?
PK If I tell it, I will be put in a lab.
They will cut me inside out.
Jaggu So why did you tell me?
The conversation above happened in the old building. Here, the conversation happens Jaggu and PK, they are talk about PK indentity. This
situation jaggu utterance use semi formal sentence. Jaggu utterance “Have you told anyone that you're an alien?” is addressing the character consultative style.
Jaggu want know who is PK, jaggu and pk have not close relation. but this
For the next conversation is indicate with conversation above: Data 16
Jaggu I will find your remote control, PK.
PK How's that?
Jaggu Now I don't know yet.
But you definitely will go back to your home. That's my promise.
The dialogue above happen jaggu and pk talk about PK problem which can’t back home. Jaggu utterance use semi formal sentence. Here, Jaggu want
help Pk for find remote control that has stolen. The utterance “I will find your remote control, PK” is indicate the character of consultative style and the second
utterance “That's my promise.” is clear indicate consultative style.
4.1.4 Casual Style
Casual style is mostly used by the character in this movie. As it is known
that there are some dialogue held. This style has two features which are often used. They are ellipsis and slang. It’s occurs in informal situation like conversation between friends, family, chat at home, picnic, etc. The writer has
found 23 type of casual style, for example explanation, I only taken some data as evidence:
Data 17:
Uncle: Mind your language
Jaggu: Mind your language! to hell! Guards. Now go look inside,
old man
Based on the conversation above, the conversation happened in the public hall. Here, the conversation happens Jaggu and oldman. Jaggu talk with oldman
but like uncle herself. Before it they are talk about ticket amita bahchan concert which there is a dishonest seller. Beside that, because of jaggu don’t have enough
money she get help from uncle to buy a ticket. But she is fraud by uncle. So, jaggu feel angry and say feeling something with casual.
The utterance as proof, she said “to hell! Guards. Now go look inside, old
man” address the sentence, it is indicate the character of casual style where jaggu
say expression which inpolite language with oldman. Utterance hell describe that
she very angry and she appears that like with friends.
Data 18:
Jaggu: Stay calm, I’ll tell you everything
Mom: first, what’s his name?
Jaggu: Sarfaraz
Father: A muslim?
Jaggu: Yes, dad studying architecture. Family is in pakistan
Mom: Pakistan? What pakistan?
Jaggu: Mom, there’s just one pakistan
The conversation above happened in the video call. Here, the conversation happens jaggu mom and father. The conversation talk about boyfriends jaggu. The
conversation describe relax conversation. Jaggu utterance indicate casual style, because she talk with family that have closer relation. The uttarances as proof, she
said “Mom, there’s just one pakistan.” Jaggu used attitude with her parent,
jaggu and her parent uses daily activity language where sometimes not formal with family. The conversation is simple and easy to understand.
Data 19
Jaggu: Who said that animals don't commit suicide?
This is Nikku.
Dr. Sweetie Singh's dog from Ramesh Nagar, Delhi. In the last month, it has attempted suicide three times. Try to jump off the roof, ate sleeping tablets,
And throw itself in fireplace. Why did he do these things?
Does he have some mental illness? Is Nikku..
Nitu: Jaggu, what happened?
Jaggu: What is this shit, Nitu?
The conversation above happened in the news studio. Here, jaggu as new’s host about animals commit suicide. The coversation happens jaggu and nitu, nitu
is team partner. Jaggu give information, but she aware why give information about animals suicide. Jaggu feel not good and she utterance relax say informal sentence.
The utterance “What is this shit, Nitu?” is addressing indicate the
character of casual style, because jaggu and nitu are have relation. the utterance
“shit” is express when feel something wrong. It is usually used informal situation
and etc.
Data 20
Nitu: Jaggu
Jaggu: You sit behind. I’ll follow that car
Nitu: Whose car?
Jaggu: Our story. Get your purse. I need some money. Hury nitu.
The conversation above happened in the trafic road. Here, the conversation happens nitu and jaggu. They are partner in the news program. Jaggu utterance
show the character of casual style, because she talk with friends that have closer relation. It is different with family which have attitude and intimate relation.
The utterance “I need some money. Hury nitu. Thank you. Bye.” It is
Jaggu express naturally without shy when she want anything. “I need some
money” in this addressing jaggu relax what she want.
Data 21
Man: hello. Connect to Balbir singh, room no.4
Jaggu: Oh, you latte called late
Man: why?
Jaggu: balbir singh died this morning
Man: what do you mean? But how did surgery hemorrhage killed him? Jaggu: its unfortunate. But don’t worry.
The dialogue above presents Jaggu talk with man about his father getting sick. Here, jaggu give wrong information to man that his father has died. Jaggu
utterance indacate casual style. Becuase man always distrub jaggu by phone and he feel have close relation. Jaggu expression relax when give information to him.
The sentence “Oh, you latte called late” in the addressing “Oh”, there is seiuosly
she conversation.
Data 22
Jaggu: Balbir singh died this morning
Man: What do you mean? But how did the surgery hemorhage
Jaggu: It’s unfortunate. But don’t worry. Let’s write in death
sertificate.
Man: It’s a heart attack. So that family reputation will not be
ashamed
Jaggu: So come on, ok. Take the body
Man: Ok
Jaggu: Ok, then bye
Based on the conversation above happened in the Jaggu’s home. The coversartion happens jaggu and man. This situation they talk via telephone. The man ask to jaggu about his family. But jaggu give lie information to him. The
utterance “It’s unfortunate. But don’t worry. Let’s write in death sertificate” is addressing indicate the character of casula style, because jaggu utterance uses
relax sentence and the conversation she give short respon, but this utterance also can conclude indicate consultative style.
Data 23
Boss: Hey jaggu,
Jaggu: What? What happened?
Boss: Tapaswi wants to be in our show. He wants to talk with PK.
Jaggu: That’s awesome, PK will win
The conversation above happenend in the studio office. Here, the
conversation happens jaggu and boss talk about tapaswi accept offer which their program show. Jaggu utterance express happy that she plain will be carried out. Jaggu and boss have relation, becuase they are a team partner.
The utterance “That’s awesome, PK will win” is addressing indicate the
character of casual style, jaggu utterance uses relax sentence and easy to
Data 24
jerry: jaggu come with me. Come with me. Just come.
Jaggu: I’m working
jerry: Come with me Jaggu:What are you doing
Based on the conversation above, jaggu and jerry is partner job. Jerry is a boss. They are have close relation as partner, Jaggu uses polite language and
simple with her boss. Because this conversation jaggu called by boss many times
and she answer with relax respon. Jaggu utterance “I’m working and What are
you doing” is indicate the character of casual style
Data 25
Boss Jaggu, there's already three marks on my right side butt.
Now you want the left side too so both sides are balanced, is that what you're saying?
Jaggu No Jerry, it's important to put PK.
He will explain with love, that everyone has called a wrong number
Based on the conversation above happened in the studio office. Here, the conversation happens boss and jaggu which have relation that’s as partner job.
Jaggu utterance uses standar form sentnce in the community. The utterance “No
Jerry” is addressing the character of casual style , because she uses relax sentnce
which jerry is a boss. Jaggu can apply the role sentnce when and where uses at the
situation. Data 26
Boss I do not have an answer to your question.
PK But I do have a job for you.
JagguLet's go, before this guy change your mind.
The conversation above happened in the studio office that happen boss, peekay and jaggu. They are talk about PK which he always have many question
and also jaggu get job in the one mission. Jaggu boss and pk are close friends. So, they relax when conversation. The uttaerance “Let's go, before this guy change your mind” is indicate the character of casual style. becuse they are not have
clumsy with each other. Data 27
uncle: Curse the girl.
jaggu: Let me catch that old man.
Today, when, what kind of generation do we have?
sarfaraz: Just give it up. Nevermind it
The conversation above happened in the pblic hall. The conversation
happens Jaggu Uncle and Sarfaraz, they are talk about problem of ticket which Jaggu can’t get the last ticket and she frauded by uncle. Jaggu feel angry and want to catch oldman. Jaggu expression her feeling uses daily acitivity, jaggu and uncle
aren’t have relation but jaggu when talk with him like have close relation. The utterance “: Let me catch that old man” is indicate the character of casual style.
because jaggu uses relax sentence. This conversation is in formal situation. So, she didn’t use seriously sentence.
4.1.5. Intimate Style
The writer also found some characteristic of intimate style in PK movie. As the writer knows in intimate style among people have close relationship or
special group or activity), for example medical jargon (HTLV for Leukemia virus) and also the calling honey, darling in the conversation between father and
daughter indicates the characteristic of intimate style. The writer has found 4 type of intimate style, for example explanation, I only taken some data as evidence:
Data 28
Sarfaraz: Hello? What happened:
Jaggu: Do you love me?
Sarfaraz: Of course I do, why?
Jaggu: Will you marry me?
Sarfaraz: Hello, what happened?
Jaggu: yes or no, sarfaraz?
Sarfaraz: Yes.. b..but
The conversation above happened in the campus belgium university. Here, the conversation happen sarfaraz and Jaggu, they are talk about love and married.
Before it, father’s jaggu ask about intimate relation with sarfaraz, her father didn’t deal which jaggu and sarfaraz have relationship. Jaggu utterance indicate the character of intimate style, becuase she talk with sarfaraz that have intimate
relation. So, the utterance “Do you love me? And Will you marry me?” is
addressing intimate style and she should be uses formal language form.
Data 29
Pk: Thank you, father. Thank you. I give the idea but you
understand the rest of it.. this game is about fear. That wrong number case did not just make fun out of us. He’s taking our fear and exploit it too. Do you understand?
Jaggu: Pk, can you make my father understand too?
The conversation above happened in the jaggu’s studio office. Here, the conversation happens jaggu, father and pk, they talks about problem wrong
number in religion. Jaggu, pk, father have close relation which utterance uses polite sentence. This situation is formal situation which indicate with fromal style
but the utterance “Pk, can you make my father understand too?” is addressing
casual style too. So, jaggu can apply language style with role and easy to undersatnding.
Data 30:
Sarfaraz : hello
Jaggu : sarfaraz
Sarfaraz : jaggu. Hello. Hello, you’re not jaggu?
Jaggu : you did came to the marriage register office?
Sarfaraz : Yes I did. But you’re not there.
Jaggu : Why you didn’t call me?
Sarfaraz : What to do? I got your letter. It was written, do not try to
contact me. I knew your family had pressured you. But i don’t know, Jaggu. I’ve got a feeling that you will try to call me. I called you a lot Jaggu.
Jaggu : what to do? I have your wrong number. Just now a
friend found me the right number.
Father : thank you son, please hold this
Based on the conversation above, the conversation happened in the one
question show. Here, the conversation happens Jaggu, sarfaraz and father. Actually, this situation there are happens pk and tapaswi as guest in the show. They conversation talk about intimate relation Jaggu with sarfaraz. Jaggu
utterance indicate the character of casula style. The utterance as proof “I have
clear that jaggu has mistake with perception with sarfaraz. It is jaggu express when she tell the true role.
Data 31
Jaggu : Only one poetry?
Pk : Your love story maybe in it. Which you waste your time together.
Jaggu :He didn’t look back even once. Maybe he wants to head his tears. He did learnt something. He learned something. He learned to lie.
What did he taught? The true meaning of love. That love is
enough to let me go.
The conversation above happened in the field when PK the first time come
to earth. Jaggu deliver pk to back home. Jaggu utterance indicate intimate style. She conscious pk have fall in love with her. Jaggu expression happy. The
utterance “The true meaning of love” is addressing indicate the character of
intimate style.
Data 32:
For the next data is conduct with data 3, they are: Jaggu : He also asked a lot of questions.
Then one day, he went way, we are very far from each other I think I was given a beautiful gift.
Sarfaraz, and my father, as long live.
The dialogue above happens in the jaggu’s bookstore. She is a written book about biography. Jaggu expression for thanks a lot to pk, because she can
The writer make table for reader to easy understand that kinds of language style have been found, we can seen by yourself in the table:
No. Kind of Language style Total data
1 Frozen style -
2 Formal style 14
3 Consultative style 34
4 Casual style 23
5 Intimate style 4
Total 76
In this study the writer found four language style: formal style found 14 utterance, consultative style found 34 utterance, casual style found 23 utterance
and intimate style found 4 utterance.
4.1.2. The most of language style used by Jaggu the main character in
the pk movie.
Afther the writer finished answer the first question from statement problems. From the statement problem that’s clear will have language style used
in the movie. Based on the table above there are four language style, they are formal style, consultative style, casual style, intimate style and the mostly language style used by the main character is consultative style. The cosultattive
situations. It can be seen such as the using idiom, unfinished statement and short respon and sometimes it can be no response.
The character consultative style is semi formal and it can be use standart form where in this movie have many utterances with consultative style. They are some utterances that used: No, Nothing, Right, bloody cheater, really. It is one of
many examples the character of consultative style. Jaggu as the main character mostly using this style, because she situation in the outside and studio office. So,
she conversation only with friends, family and team partner and sometimes met new people.
4.2Discussion
This chapter the writer would like to discuss the result from finding the reseacrh question by using related theories. based on Martin joos (1967), it can be
seen that there are four language style which is used by the main character such as formal style, consultative style, casual style and intimate style. Moreover, from
those kinds of language style, there is style which is mostly use by the character, it is casual style.
The formal style that shows about conversation that took in some formal
place. The use of formal style which has characterestic such as standart form, low intination, short respone and present the important information. The consultative style also found in this movie. This style sometimes combines the formal and
short respone or blank word. The casual style it is the most commonly used in this movie. This style occurs in an informal situation and occured between friends or
family. The intimate style is commonly used by people who have close relationship and known well each other such as the conversation between father
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
In this chapter the writer presents the conclusion and suggestion based on
the data has been analyze with suitable data by using theories in the previous chapter. The people normally usually their language to the situation depending on their experience. The language style according Joos primarily based on the
speaker and hearer roles the situation and purpose to exchanges.
5.1 Conclusion
.After analyzing the data, which have been discussed in the previous
chapter, the writer attempts to draw the conclusion of this study. In PK movie, the main characters use four language style. They are uses formal style with 14 occurrences, consultative style with 34 occurences, casual style with 23
occurences, and intimate style with 4 occurance. The consultative style is mostly use among the other style on the second style is casual style. The followed with
formal and intimate. Another hand, the formal style is found as the third level and last is intimate syle.
Furthernore, The consultative style is dominant used by the main
character. In consultative style the main character uses to conversation with each other. becuase the main character always contrast with all situation such as in the
5.2. Suggestion
This section the writer suggest for reader, this study can save knowladge as directive to learn about language style especially in the movie. The writer found four language style that used in the PK movie. The writer also did not forget to
say a lot sorry if this study is not perfect and any wrongness. The writer suggest to the reader especially for student of english departement faculty of letter in order
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