ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ... 1
CHAPTER 1 ... 3
PRELIMINARY ... 3
1.1 Background ... 3
1.2 Problem Formulation ... 4
1.3 Benefit to society ... 4
CHAPTER 2 ... 5
THEORY CHANGE ... 5
CHAPTER 3 ... 6
Processes and Results ... 6
• BUSINESS IDEAS ... 6
• BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES ... 7
• BUSINESS CATEGORIES ... 8
• SMALL BUSINESS ADVANTAGES ... 10
WEAKNESS OF SMALL BUSINESSES... 12
• SMALL BUSINESS TAX ... 13
• START BUSINESS ... 13
SELF CAPITAL ... 13
KEY SUCCESS ... 14
SUCCESS SUPPORT ... 20
BUSINESS FORM ... 20
CHAPTER 4 ... 23
CHAPTER 1
PRELIMINARY
1.1 Background
In the rapid development of the era encourage people to have a creative mind and innovate in creating a business that produces a product that can compete in local and national markets even to reach the international market. Many people who try their luck in the field of business by opening his own business both from among the age enough to mature among the young subjects including the students. Rapid technological developments also make business people able to focus on some of the efforts it does, because with today's technology the businessman can control his business simply by monitoring from home or by carrying out other activities even though the activities of the businessman is nothing but the business itself that involves time And every time used in business is calculated by the value of the business, where the value of the business is a business advantage. Opening a business can also expand employment opportunities for other people who need jobs and as fields of science to be able to open their own business.
To start a business or business must start with specific strategies and ways, such as preparing capital, place to do business, and raw materials for production. With a mature strategy it will make it easier to predict and minimize the possibility of problems that will be faced during the conduct of business. However, most for beginners do not dare to do business because thinking about capital problems that sometimes up to reach infinite nominal. Starting a business is not necessarily with big capital, but we can start little by little from the business with a capital that is not too large first. It also avoids undertakings of high loss and is suitable for beginners who want to open business opportunities as a forum for greater business development learning.
In economics, a business is an organization that sells goods or services to consumers or other businesses, to make a profit. Historically the business word of the English language business, from the basic word busy which means "busy" in the context of individuals, communities, or society. In the sense, busy doing activities and jobs that bring benefits. Businesses are all aspects of activities to channel goods through productive channels from buying raw materials to selling finished goods. In a capitalist economy, where most businesses are privately owned, businesses are formed to gain profit and increase the prosperity of their owners. Owners and operators of a business get rewards according to the time, effort, or capital they provide. But not all businesses pursue such profits, such as cooperative business that aims to improve the welfare of all members or government institutions aimed at improving the welfare of the people. This business model is in contrast to the socialistic system, where large businesses are mostly owned by governments, the general public, or unions.
1.2 Problem Formulation
1. How to start a business?
2. How to start a business without capital? 3. How can our business grow?
1.3 Benefit to society
1. To facilitate someone in business
CHAPTER 2
THEORY CHANGE
The key to the success of starting a business that is keen to see business opportunities, has a brilliant idea, strong self-determination, and capital 7 k: Competence, Intelligence, Courage, Confidence, Perseverance, Tenacity, Crafts. (Eddy Soeryanto Soegoto)
The progress of a nation is influenced by how many entrepreneurs or entrepreneurs owned by the nation and how much positive contribution given by the entrepreneur for the development and progress of the nation (Eddy Soeryanto Soegoto)
CHAPTER 3
Processes and Results
•
BUSINESS IDEAS
Building a business or business can start from our own thoughts or ideas for example. Not everyone has the same idea between one and the other. The idea can be obtained from one's experience or one's expertise and the influence of the surrounding environment.
1. Hobbies / Likes
Everyone can start his business idea with a hobby or a person's liking for something. For example Bill Gates who started his business from his hobby in fiddling with computer devices. And from his hobby is now Bill Gates famous and included in the richest people of the world, Because of his perseverance in mengutak especial programs on computer devices.
2. Helping others
Helping others earn rewards for our services can also be an easy business idea. Like being an intermediary between buyers and sellers.
3. An old idea
The old idea can also be redeveloped into a very creative idea. Like Jeff Bezos from Amazon.com who updated his old idea from the sale of books in ordinary stores into an internet that makes it easier for others to search for his book more easily.
4. Publish
•
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
Business opportunities are a situation where one can think that there are opportunities everywhere for them to start a business. Any business opportunity is an opportunity for a person to start a business according to what he wants and wants according to the experience he has.
Business Opportunity Factors
1. Technology changes are very rapid
Technological change is also a factor in creating business opportunity itself, such as provider and internet cafe business or cafe that can facilitate its users to access more easily to the internet.
2. Social Ties or Social Interactions
Social interaction also makes it easier for someone to open business opportunities with others through their social ties and social networks. They can exchange information with each other and it makes it easier for someone to know what they have learned before.
3. Motivation
Motivating a person can also be a business opportunity factor, because we can motivate or give positive advice and encouragement to a group of people who need it. There are 2 kinds of motivation Needs, as follows:
1. The need for achievement
Needs achievement can be seen from a person's ability to produce something new to a problem. The need for achievement is also characterized by the determination of objectives, planning and information gathering. With the need for high achievement can facilitate someone who runs his business to solve problems according to the cause.
2. Independent Needs
4. Self-evaluation
• Locus of Control
Locus of Control can be interpreted as a belief of a person that he can control the environment around him. Someone who has this trait is more able to take advantage of existing business opportunities. They have trust, and can build a business strategy
• Self Efficacy
Self Efficacy is one's belief in the power of self in performing certain tasks. Entrepreneurs must have confidence in making statements and decisions.
• BUSINESS CATEGORIES
There are four that can be categorized business, namely: micro businesses, small businesses, medium enterprises, and large businesses.
• SMALL BUSINESS
Small businesses are self-managed or self-managed businesses, do not dominate the market and fulfill a certain size of profit and employment. Small businesses typically have fewer than 20 employees, between 20 and 100, and more than 100 Up to 500 people. Small businesses usually provide jobs in the fields of wholesale trade, services, agriculture, fisheries, industry and food beverage business.
Here is an example of a small capital venture:
1. Selling Cold Drinks
2. Open catering food or cake
For those who do not have a permanent job like a housewife, can try one of these small capital business. Yes, open a catering business for food or cake. The business is very easy to do and does not require a lot of capital because the business is run at home so no need to bother to rent a shop or shop.
3. Open the coffee shop
Opening coffee shops and snacks can be an economic field, as more and more people usually go to relax eliminate fatigue. Opening a coffee shop or snack does not need to spend a lot of capital.
4. Sell the fried food
Selling fried foods in the morning or late afternoon becomes an attractive option to earn a great profit. This is because Indonesian people are very fond of and fond of fried foods. One example of this small capital venture can bring in multiple benefits. It is possible if a fried seller can profit millions of dollars every month.
5. Selling clean water
Drinks are indeed one of the basic needs of people, but many in big cities are difficult to get clean water so that drinking water they consume is also relatively small to get. This can be our opportunity to open a refill drinking water business, the benefits can be very promising.
6. Launch the laundry business
For those who live in urban areas is very suitable to open a laundry business because it is in need. Almost everyone in the city is busy to work so they do not have time to wash their own clothes. To open a laundry business is perfect for the run because the capital is not too large.
7. Open a course or private lesson
8. Business or online business
Opening an online business or online business can be one of the best options because the capital is not too much and the benefits are in can also many. Just need to take advantage of the sophistication of internet technology and shipping services such as post office, JNE or others
9. Sell credit
Selling pulse of one business that does not require a lot of capital and profits in the can very promising can be used to increase income every month.
•
SMALL BUSINESS ADVANTAGES
Small businesses have differences in market position, number of employees, financial capability compared to big business. Small businesses also have several advantages, among others:
1. Minimal capital.
Not enough capital required. Maybe from hundreds of thousands to hundreds of millions still count small businesses. However, my opinion, the small amount of capital is not a reason not to immediately start ACTION business. No matter how much capital we have, we can start our own business immediately. Especially in the online business, small capital can be cultivated to get a very large income.
2. Resistant.
Small businesses have the ability to survive. Proven in times of crisis ago, small businesses still survive and able to help move the nation's economy. The resilience of this small business is in line with the entrepreneur character attached to the business owner.
3. More focused on consumers.
4. Full of challenges.
Starting a small business is full of challenges. Not that big business no challenge. But small businesses with all kinds of limitations, must struggle to survive. Must think and do many things, which sometimes many tasks are caught by business owners.
5. Easy to adapt.
Since it is not long hierarchy like big business, small businesses have high adaptability. Changing market conditions, can be quickly sniffed and harmonized with business. New innovations, however small, usually appear in these conditions.
Join the community economy. From absorbing employment to join the move around the economy, small businesses play an important role. This type of business becomes the motor of economic growth in its environment.
6. Innovation.
Small businesses are usually loaded with innovation in developing their business. Innovation is done in product development, marketing, or internal aspects. Innovation is also easier to do than in big businesses that usually have complex organizational structures and work processes.
7. Flexible.
Small businesses have a flexible nature. This makes it able to adjust to the conditions that are happening. The flexibility of this small business that makes it able to survive in business competition.
8. Freedom.
WEAKNESS OF SMALL BUSINESSES
• Management
Small businesses usually have poor management, because often mixing business with the household.
•Fund
Lack of funds to buy raw materials or products, rent a place and train every employee.
• Marketing difficulties
The results of a cross-country study conducted by James and Akarasanee (1988) in a number of ASEAN countries concluded that one aspect related to marketing issues commonly faced by small business entrepreneurs is competitive pressures, both in the domestic market of similar artificial products Big entrepreneurs and imports, as well as export markets.
• Limitations of Human Resources (HR)
The limitation of human resources is also one of the most serious obstacles to small business in Indonesia, especially in aspects of entrepreneurship, management, production techniques, product development, quality control, accounting, machinery, organization, data processing, marketing techniques and research market. All these skills are indispensable for maintaining or improving product quality, increasing efficiency and productivity in production, expanding market share and penetrating new markets.
• Technology limitations
•
SMALL BUSINESS TAX
Based on the Decree of the Minister of Finance No. 197 of 2013 dated December 20, 2013, Entrepreneurs with turnover not exceeding Rp 4.8 billion a year and voting to become non-taxable entrepreneurs, are not required to collect, deposit and report value-added taxes, and are not Intelligence, Courage, Confidence, Perseverance, Tenacity, and crafts.
• Competence
A person must have a competence to the field for self-capital is most important in building a business.
• Intelligence
Someone must use his intelligence in building business such as: intellectual, spiritual, emotional, physical, and creative.
• Bravery
We must also have the courage to realize the business idea. Even if we have a brilliant idea but we do not dare to be meaningless.
• Confidence
Our belief that the effort to be built will be successful and successful based on the competence we have in building the business itself.
• Persistence
A business built with persistence will produce results that can be beyond our expectations.
• Persistence
We must also be able to be a tenacious person, the unyielding person.
• Crafts
KEY SUCCESS
• Dare to Dream
Dream is the origin of someone dare to struggle and pursue the ideals that coveted. In the experience of some successful entrepreneurs, the dreams that want to be realized must be clear and specific so that we can focus to make it happen. Not only the capital alone, we also have to prepare everything that is needed to achieve our life goals.
• Choose Business Based Passion
Working based on the passion you have, will definitely produce maximum results. So, choose a business that we like and not just a momentary trend that often misleads the crowd. Passion can be an encouragement that always encourages us in achieving the intended dream. Although the business is in decline, but if we do like it would still be done as possible. However, if the business is running only limited to seek profits and wealth, the results will not be maximized. When there are obstacles and challenges we will quickly feel desperate because of the lack of spirit to advance it.
• Plan carefully
In building a new business, planning is an important thing to be prepared carefully. That way, the business does not just run in place and can be realized according to the initial plan that has been made.
• Working and Thinking Creatively
As an entrepreneur, we are required to think and work as creative as possible. We must be able to generate new and innovative ideas in business. Consumers will definitely choose goods or services that have a high level of creativity, both in terms of marketing and product quality. Creative entrepreneurs certainly have many ways to make their sales turnover can survive, even compete in the market.
• Clever Facing Competitors
In addition, we can implement marketing and offer systems that are more creative and appealing to consumers. For example, coupons with prizes, discounts and so on.
• Maintain Good Relationships
Maintaining good relations is very important, especially with our customers. That way, we can get input and suggestions about our own products from them. Not only consumers, we also need to be friends with anyone from all classes of workers. Both with fellow businessmen, local officials, business associates, local residents and others. In addition to extending the relationship, the opportunity can be used as a promotional event of the business we are running.
• Learning from Failure
In addition to having an unyielding and hardworking attitude, how to start a business to succeed must have the following things:
• Idea
To start a business of course everyone needs an idea. The idea can come from anywhere. Like the inspirational story of the two entrepreneurs already mentioned. Their success does not come solely. Their ideas also come from things that are common in the environment around them. How they see business opportunities and potential around them. The idea is quite built with simple thinking but developed with a variety of crazy thinking. Successful entrepreneurs certainly have ideas that are not quite commonplace compared to other entrepreneurs. This is what makes a businessman successful, because of unusual ideas. In addition to choosing ideas of the type of business to be done, timing is also important to do. Then when is the most appropriate time to become a successful entrepreneur. The answer is quite simple now. Now is the most appropriate time to start developing the ideas and the business you want to do. Many people are afraid to start a business with a variety of reasons, such as readiness, competition and various other reasons. But fear is the main enemy of a businessman. They often procrastinate what they will do because they think too much about their own fears. And in the end that's the reason why entrepreneurs fail.
• Get started
After feeling the idea has been quite interesting then the next stage in the implementation of the business is starting a business. To start everything is not easy, especially starting a business. Failed in starting a business is certainly a fairly normal thing happened. But here's the most important part of being a successful entrepreneur that is not afraid to fail and keep trying. In this phase, entrepreneurs may get a lot of lessons on some issues in doing business, not to mention the capital and the idea of the business that started. The business plan in this phase may look disappointing and useless. From here entrepreneurs can make improvements that should be done. When experiencing failure in the business, the most important thing needed in doing business is to have people who can trust the business undertaken. A successful prospective entrepreneur should be able to make consumers confident about the products offered. This is the most important capital for an entrepreneur to have success. Despite having a small capital, if an entrepreneur can make potential customers they are confident about their products, then the initial stage in starting a business has begun. To get a consumer for an entrepreneur is not easy to do, especially to offer a new type of product.
Here a prospective entrepreneur can offer the highest quality products and never make prospective customers feel disappointed even if only slightly.
In starting a business should also not target the business to grow so quickly and generate huge profits. Building a business should be done with a realistic and not too push yourself. Compared to targeting earnings with big profits, it's good to keep the business going for a long time.
Being a successful entrepreneur from scratch is not an easy thing to do. Lots of things to do to run a business to be more successful.
Nowadays with the development of technology, building a business can be done easily even starting from a small room. Starting a business is not necessarily about starting a business with large capital with adequate means. Enterprises can be started by using small capital and done from anywhere. Even a student can start their business from boarding rooms with a capital of laptops or other devices such as smartphones.
Capital required in starting a business that is a skill and tenacity. Both of these can be the main capital and become the deciding factor because through both all kinds of problems in the business can be faced with ease. Ability can not only be possessed by those who are born with the ability to become entrepreneurs, the ability can be gained by learning and courage to do business, then the opportunities will also follow.
One type of business that can be done from scratch can also be defined as the type of business that is done by using small capital. Online business is one type of business that can be done with a small capital. Even online business can be done without using capital. Capital required in starting an online business of which are computer devices such as laptops and smartphones. In addition, other capital required is an internet connection. The need for internet connection is what can be a capital that requires a fee. But now with so many places that provide free wifi or free internet connection, making online business becomes increasingly require a small capital.
Regarding any type of business that will be done can lead someone to become a successful entrepreneur. Proficiency in running a business can also be a determinant in business success.
When deciding to become an entrepreneur, things are done to start a business among which is determining the right kind of product. Knowing the type of consumer that is used as a target is also important to do. It's important to know what kind of marketing strategy can be done. A successful business candidate should also choose to use effective and efficient promotional media. Not only is it cost-effective but also attracts much more consumers.
• Define business ideas
Adjust the business to be opened with the ability, interest or talent that we have, but without leaving the market opportunity factor that existed in the community. The number of successful entrepreneurs, because they choose the field of business they like.
So we will always try to develop the business we have, with a happy feeling without any boredom or saturation that often arise. In addition it can also start a new business that has never existed in the market so that impressed unique and interesting, or open a business that has been in the market but has a huge market opportunity.
• Create business vision and mission
A business must have a clear vision and mission, so that the goals and business steps can be well structured to support the development of the business built.
• Action
No matter how good a business idea we have, it will never be a successful business if we do not act immediately. Begin the effort that we plan with full confidence and perseverance, because running an effort to achieve success requires a long struggle and a long journey with hard work to be done.
• Be flexible
As our business grows, we must be able to adjust to changing environmental needs and demands. If there is a demand to do something, we must be ready to innovate. At the same time, we may need to adjust to our market disposition to keep clients satisfied so that we can recover sales.
• Learn from successful people
Learn a lot from people who have succeeded. From them, we will understand that starting the business is not easy. There is a process of winding, up and down, steep, which inevitably have to be passed if you want to succeed.
• Stay on our current job.
• Develop a business plan.
The goal of a profit institution is to make money - make a detailed plan for how to do this before you run your business.
• Find opportunities to develop skills cheaply.
If we have an idea for a business that skills or skills to do it do not have, get the training we need as cheaply as possible. Try making a deal with a training institute or a company to train us in exchange for the services we provide. Enter a paid internship program. Look for opportunities to gain practical knowledge from friends, family, and acquaintances who are skilled.
• Maximize our existing assets.
When we create a new business from scratch, we should use the resources we already have as much as possible, for example, change private cars We become company cars. Change garage We become workshop. Some of today's great companies (most notably, Apple and Facebook) start from a humble beginning - garages, basements, and boarding rooms
• Ask for loans to friends and / or families.
When trying to build a business from scratch, creativity and hard work We can replace the role of a lot of money. But we can reach a point where We can not progress without a little money. For example, we may need an expensive tool that we do not own and can not borrow. Many small businesses get help from relatives or good friends. But before we agree to the loan, make sure We state the terms of the loan in writing - how long We will have to pay, how much the payment will be
• Make your creativity a substitute for your money.
SUCCESS SUPPORT
The success of a business is also determined by the following 7 successive supports:
1. Knowledge
2. Ability (Capable)
3. Experience (Experience)
4. Vision (Vision)
5. Hope (Hope)
6. Confidence (Faith)
7. Happiness
BUSINESS FORM
Every business can be categorized into three forms of business: individual business, partnership, or limited liability company
1. Individual Business (Sole Propietorship)
It is the most common and simplest form of business because there is no legal difference separating the status of a sole proprietor as an individual with his status as a business owner.
Advantages:
• Easy to make and easily dissolved
• All profits may be withheld by the owner
Weaknesses:
• Debt is the responsibility of the owner
• Limited funding
• Managerial limitations of owners
2. Partnership
The Guild is a form of business ownership with two or more owners who jointly manage the company and are responsible for the flow of funds including debts.
Advantages:
• Easy to create
• More funding sources of investment
• Their skills, knowledge and skills are complementary
Weaknesses:
• Vulnerable to personal conflicts
• Difficult to disband
• All partners take on the debt or one person makes
• It is difficult to transfer ownership without the permission of other allies
3. Limited Liability Company (Corp oration)
A limited liability company is a business that stands as a legal entity separate from its owner and is responsible for its own debts. Owners are only responsible for the limited investment.
Advantages:
• Responsibility is limited to personal investment in the company (limited liability).
• Specialized management skills
• Wider financial capacity
Weaknesses:
• Difficult and expensive to set up and dissolve
• Tax gds, ie charged to the company and to shareholders
CHAPTER 4
CONCLUSION
In the rapid development of the era encourage people to have a creative mind and innovate in creating a business that produces a product that can compete in local and national markets even to reach the international market. In the process of running a business, which is the driving force of a person in opening a business or building a business that is the idea of doing business such as hobbies, observing, helping people, old ideas, ideas of others, collaboration, publish, record law, perform, Others, and public consumption.
To create a business that is able to compete businesspeople must have the first focal point in Entrepreneurship is whether one can see any business opportunity or not. What factors in looking at business opportunity are:
1. Technological change 2. Political and policy changes 3. Demographic changes 4. Educational Institutions 5. Access information
6. Variation of life experience 7. Social bonding
8. Personality, divided into 3 aspects namely Extraversion, Agreebleeness (understanding), Risk Taking
9. Motivation, divided into 2 kinds of needs namely Needs achievement and desire to be independent.
10.Self-evaluation, things that must be considered in self-evaluation is the Locus of Control and Self Efficacy
