EFIFATUS SOLIHAH NIM : 20111111049 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

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PORTRAIT OF NOTHINGNESS THROUGH THE CHARACTERIZATION OF GREGOR IN KAFKA’S THE

METAMORPHOSIS

SKRIPSI

EFIFATUS SOLIHAH NIM : 20111111049

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY AT SURABAYA

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PORTRAIT OF NOTHINGNESS THROUGH THE CHARACTERIZATION OF GREGOR IN KAFKA’S THE

METAMORPHOSIS

SKRIPSI

Diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat Memperoleh Gelar SARJANA PENDIDIKAN

EFIFATUS SOLIHAH NIM : 20111111049

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY AT SURABAYA

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vi

HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING

Skripsi yang ditulis oleh Efifatus Solihah ini telah disetujui oleh dosen pembimbing untuk diujikan tanggal 6 Agustus 2015.

Dosen Pembimbing Tanda Tangan Tanggal

I. Ari Setyorini, S. S., M. A. ... ...

II. Pramudana Ihsan, S. Hum., M. Pd. ... ...

Mengetahui :

Ketua Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris,

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HALAMAN PENGESAHAN PANITIA UJIAN

Skripsi ini telah diuji dan dinyatakan sah oleh Panitia Ujian Tingkat Sarjana (S1) Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya sebagai salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pendidikan, pada tanggal 6 Agustus 2015.

Dosen Penguji Tanda Tangan Tanggal

I. Ari Setyorini, S. S., M. A. ... ...

II. Dra. Masulah, M. A. ... ...

III. Armeria Wijaya, S. S., M. Pd. ... ...

Mengetahui :

Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Dekan,

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PERNYATAAN TIDAK MELAKUKAN PLAGIAT

Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini:

Nama : Efifatus Solihah

NIM : 20111111049

Fakultas : Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Program Studi : Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris

Menyatakan bahwa Skripsi/ KTI/ Tesis yang saya tulis ini benar – benar tulisan karya sendiri bukan hasil plagiasi, baik sebagian maupun keseluruhan. Bila dikemudian hari terbukti hasil plagiasi, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi akademik sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku di Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya.

Surabaya, 25 Juli 2015 Yang Membuat Pernyataan,

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ix MOTTO

“You were born to win, but to be a winner, you must plan to win, prepare to win and expect to win.”

(Zig Ziglar) “The greatest accompolisment is not in never falling, but in

rising again after you fall”.

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DEDICATION

This thesis is dedicated to people whom I love:

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Alhamdulillahirobil’alamin, the researcher would like to say thanks to

Allah SWT who gives the gracious mercy and tremendous blessing that has helped the researcher to finish this research entitled “ Portrait of Nothingness through the Characterization of Gregor in Kafka’s The Metamorphosis”. Then, Shalawat and Salam to the our Prophet, Muhammad SAW who had guided us from the darkness to the brightness life. This research is submitted to fulfill one of the requirements to gain S-1 Degree of English Department on Faculty of Teacher Training and Education in Muhammadiyah University at Surabaya.

Furthermore, in finishing this research, as the researcher, I really give my thanks for people who have given guidance and help, they are:

1. Dr. M. Ridlwan, M. Pd. as the Dean of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education.

2. Linda Mayasari, S. Pd., M. Pd. as the Chair of English Department.

3. Ari Setyorini, S. S., M. A., and Pramudana Ihsan, S. Hum., M. Pd. as the first and second advisor who had guided and assisted me in writing and finishing the research. On the other hands, thanks for good advice and valuable input during conducting this research.

4. All Lecturers of English Department in Muhammadiyah University at Surabaya who have given their knowledge, skill, and advice during studying until I can do and finish this research in this college.

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6. My beloved best friends “Babbelle” (Bab Venti, Bab Shabrina, Bab Kiki, Bab Er, Bab Alin, and Bab Devia), “M.U” (Mala Keceng and Uci Ndud), and Bebh Dewi who always give spirit and support to me, especially when I face a despair in doing the research.

7. All my friends in Boarding house of 65 Po’o (Iphey, Wati, Wulan, Chika, Omen (Akbar), Weddoz (Venti), Mas Rahman, May Mintul (Mahayu), Pipit (Fitri), Kiki, Er, Shobrina, Alin, Devia, Yulianto, Zen, Nuri, Deby, Hesty, Lita, Rio, Nila, Mbak Hanum, Mbak Kharis, Amal.

Finally, the researcher realizes that there are unintended errors in writing this research. She really allows all readers to give their suggestion to improve the content in order to make the good examples for the next research.

Surabaya, 25th July, 2015

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE ... i

HALAMAN LOGO ... ii

HALAMAN JUDUL ... iii

HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING ... iv

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN PANITIA UJIAN ... v

PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN TULISAN ... vi

MOTTO ... vii

DEDICATION ... viii

ABSTRACT ... ix

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... x

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... xii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1Background of the Study ... 1

1.2Statements of the Problem ... 4

1.3Objectives of the Study ... 4

1.4Significances of the Study ... 5

1.5Scope and Limitation of the Study ... 5

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Character and Characterization ... 6

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2.1.2 Characterization ... 8

2.2 Existentialism ... 11

2.3 Being and Nothingness ... 13

2.3.1 Being ... 13

2.3.2 Nothingness ... 15

2.4 Review of Previous Studies ... 16

CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1 The Nature of the Research ... 18

3.2 Source of the Data ... 19

3.3 The Data ... 20

3.4 Data Collection ... 20

3.5 Data Analysis Technique ... 20

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS 4.1 The Depiction of Gregor’s Characterization ... 22

4.1.1 Gregor Has Less Intelligent ... 22

4.1.2 Gregor is Depicted as Lazy Man... 23

4.1.3 Gregor is Nonchalant Man ... 25

4.1.4 Gregor does not Have Self-Confidence ... 26

4.1.5 Gregor is Pessimist ... 28

4.1.6 Gregor Always Hides Himself from Others ... 31

4.1.7 Gregor is Irresponsible Man ... 32

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CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion ... 47

5.2 Suggestion ... 48

REFERENCES ... 49

APPENDIX I: Biography of Franz Kafka ... 52

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REFERENCES

Abrams, M.H. 1999. A Glossary of Literary Terms/ Seventh Edition. United States of America: Cornell University.

Alt, Peter – Andre. 2005. Franz Kafka: Der ewige Sohn. Retrieved from www.egs.edu/library/franz-kafka/biography/. Accessed on 17th March 2015.

Ankrom, Sherly. 2009. Existentialism. Retrieved from http://panicdisorder.about.com/od/glossaryah/g/Existentialism.htm.

Accessed on 15th April 2015.

Baldick, Chris. 2001. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms. New York: Oxford University Press.

Barnes, Hazel E. 1953. Being and Nothingness. United States of America: University of Colorado.

Bernardo, Karen. 2011. Types of Characters in Fiction. England: Colin Welch’s Education Resources.

Bonn, Julien D. 2010. A Comprehensive Dictionary of Literature. Delhi: Abhishek.

Childs, Peter. 2006. The Routledge Dictionary of Literary Term. USA and Canada: Routledge.

Cuddon, J.A. 1998. Literary Terms & Literary Theory. England: Penguin Books. European Graduate School. 2012. Franz Kafka – Biography. Retrieved from

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Flick, Uwe. 2009. An Introduction to Qualitative Research Fourth edition Sage. London: Licensing Agency.

Gardener, Sebastian. 2009. Sartre’s “Being and Nothingness”: A Reader’s Guide. New York: Continuum.

Hancock, Beverley. 1998. An Introduction to Qualitative Research. Canada: Trent Focus Group.

Harrison, Martin. 1998. The Language of Theatre. London: Routledge.

House, Paul R. 1990. The Unity of The Twelve. New York: The Almond Press. International Reading Association. 2004. Defining Characterization. United

States: Read Write Think.

Kafka, Franz. 1915. The Metamorphosis. Retrieved from http://www.planetpdf.com. Accessed on April 28, 2015.

Kalvin. 2015. Existentialist Values: Portrayed in Kafka’s “The Metamorphosis”

and Camus’ “The Stranger”. Retrieved from

http://kalvin19.hubpages.com/hub/ExistentialistValues. Accessed on April 19, 2015.

Kaup, Corey. 2007. General Nothingness Theory. Retrieved from http://www.nothingnesstheory.com/General%20Nothingness%20Theory10 %20VII.htm. Accessed on April 15, 2015.

Klarer, Mario. 2004. An Introduction to Literary Studies. London and New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.

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Potter, W. James. 1996. An Analysis of Thinking and Research about Qualitative Methods. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Reynolds, Jack. 2006. Understanding Existentialism. Chesham: Acumen.

Sartre, Jean Paul. 2007. Existentialism is a Humanism. New Heaven & London: Yale University Press.

Spade, Paul Vincent. 1996. Jean-Paul Sartre’s Being and Nothingness. United States of America: Class Lecture Notes.

Stephen, J. 2010. Franz Kafka’s Personal Life Reflected in the Metamorphosis. Retrieved from http://www.kafka.org/index.php?aid=218. Accessed on March 9, 2015.

Tewksbury, Richard. 2009. Qualitative versus Quantitative Methods: Understanding Why Qualitative Methods are Superior for Criminology

and Criminal Justice. United States of America: University of Louisville.