FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF NARRATIVE TEXTS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEXTBOOK "FLY WITH ENGLISH"
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department
by: AMBAR JATI
A320130096
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
v MOTTOS
Inna ma’al ‘usri yusra
(Qs. Al Insyirah: 6)
Mulat Sarira Hangrasa Wani
(Raden Mas Said)
No Pain No Gain
(Benjamin Franklin)
Berusaha
– Berdoa – Berhasil
vi
DEDICATION
This literary work is dedicated:
for my precious dad and mom,
my beloved sister,
and my partner of life.
vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulillahhirabbil’alamin. All blessings belong to Allah SWT for His
mercy given to the researcher, so she could complete her research paper entitled FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF NARRATIVE TEXT IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEXTBOOK “FLY WITH ENGLISH”. In conducting this research the researcher got so many aids from many people. The researcher would like to express her deepest gratitude and appreciation to the people in the following list:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum., the Dean of School Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D., the Chief of Department of English Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Dra. Siti Zuhriah Ar, M. Hum., the academic consultant who has given valuable advice, knowledge and motivation for the researcher.
4. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M. Hum., the consultant who has supported and encouraged the researcher to conduct this research by giving her great advice and suggestions, so the researcher can broaden her knowledge about linguistics.
5. All lecturers of Department of English Education who have become such great educators and for giving uncountable knowledge to the researcher. 6. Her beloved mother, father and sister for their eternal love and support. The
researcher is completely nothing without them.
7. Second Division 2015/2016, My best partners, Ibnu Dwy Rahayuningsih and Dwiki Prasetyo, and also my children, Ulfa, Yunia, Ali, Putri, Septria, Ria, Riska, Kiki, Angga, Endra, and Lilis, who gives many experiences.
8. English Librarian, Septria Ayuningrukmi, Hemix Gatut and Rifki Maulana, who provide the researcher a place to do and revise this research.
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FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF NARRATIVE TEXTS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEXTBOOK “FLY WITH ENGLISH”
ABSTRAK
AMBAR JATI. A320130096. FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF NARRATIVE TEXTS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEXTBOOK “FLY WITH ENGLISH”. Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. 2016, 95 halaman.
Penelitian ini merupakan analisis teks naratif dalam buku pelajaran tingkat sekolah dasar (SD) “Fly with English” berdasarkan tata bahasa leksiko dan konteks dalam cakupan Linguistik Fungsional Sistemik (SFL). Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan implikasi dalam pengajaran berdasarkan konteks proses belajar dan mengajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini diantaranya (1) menemukan jenis proses, partisipan dan sirkumstan, (2) mewujudkan makna ideasional, dan (3) menjelaskan implikasi pengajaran dari analisis teks naratif.
Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisis permasalahan. Dalam teknik pengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan dokumentasi dan observasi. Peneliti menemukan 95 klausa pada teks naratif. Dalam menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan tata bahasa leksiko dalam cakupan SFL untuk menjawab permasalahan yang pertama. Selain itu, peneliti mengacu pada konteks dalam cakupan SFL untuk menjawab permasalahan kedua, dan peneliti juga menggunakan konteks belajar dan mengajar untuk menjawab permasalahan ketiga.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat enam jenis proses dalam teks naratif ini, yakni (1) proses material (40%), (2) proses mental (23,1%), (3) proses relasional (20%), (4) proses verbal dan tingkah laku (7,4%), (5) proses eksistensi (2,1%). Proses material sebagai proses yang paling dominan. Peneliti juga menemukan lima belas jenis partisipan, yakni actor, goal, senser, phenomenon, sayer, verbiage,
carrier, attribute, token, value, receiver, client, recipient, behaver, dan existent.
Partisipan yang paling dominan adalah partisipan dari proses material (35,7%). Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa penulis teks sering menggunakan proses kejadian atau melakukan untuk mengungkap ide atau pengalaman yang sesuai dengan tingkat pembelajar. Selain itu, peneliti menemukan enam jenis sirkumstan, yakni lokasi, masalah, cara, penemanan, sebab, dan durasi. Hasil menunjukan bahwa sirkumstan yang paling dominan ialah sirkumstan lokasi (46,1%). Penulis teks yang menggunakan banyak sirkumstan lokasi akan memberikan latar yang jelas, sehingga pembaca akan memahami alur cerita. Implikasi pengajaran dalam SFL di teks naratif yakni dapat memberikan wawasan guru tentang pengajaran jenis teks dalam proses pembelajaran. Dalam tata bahasa fungsional, guru dapat mengajarkan ciri kebahasaan teks naratif dengan cara yang berbeda, yakni dengan memperkenalkan istilah proses, partisipan, dan sirkumstan dalam klausa teks naratif.
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FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF NARRATIVE TEXTS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEXTBOOK “FLY WITH ENGLISH”
ABSTRACT
AMBAR JATI. A320130096. FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF NARRATIVE TEXTS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEXTBOOK “FLY WITH ENGLISH”. Research Paper. School of Teacher Training and Education. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2016, 95 Pages.
This study is an analysis of narrative texts in Elementary School textbook “Fly with English” based on lexico-grammar and context in the framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). This study is also expected to give the pedagogical implication based on the context of teaching and learning process. The aims of this research are (1) finding out the types of processes, participants, and circumstances, (2) realizing the ideational meaning, and (3) explaining the pedagogical implication of narrative text analysis.
This research uses descriptive qualitative type of study in investigating the problem. In the technique of collecting data, the writer uses observation and documentation. The writer finds 95 clauses in narrative text. In analyzing the data, the writer uses lexico-grammar of SFL framework to answer the first problem. Moreover, the writer refers to context of SFL framework to answer the second problem, and the writer also uses context of teaching and learning to answer the third problem.
Based on the result, there are six types of processes in the narrative text, those are: (1) material process (40%), (2) mental process (23,1%), (3) relational process (20%), (4) verbal and behavioral process (7,4%), and (5) existential process (2,1%). Material process is the dominant process. The writer also finds fifteen types of the participants, namely actor, goal, senser, phenomenon, sayer, verbiage, carrier, attribute, token, value, receiver, client, recipient, behaver, and existent. The most dominant participant is material’s participants (35,7%). It indicates that the author often employs the process of happening or doing in order to reveal the idea or experience that are appropriate with the learner’s level. Moreover, the writer finds six types of circumstances, that are, location, matter, manner, accompaniment, cause, and extent. The result shows that the most dominant circumstance is circumstance of location (46,1%). The author who employs many circumstances of location will give clear setting of the narrative text, so the reader will understand the plot of story. The pedagogical implication of studying Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) in narrative text is to give the insight of the teacher about SFL genre pedagogy in teaching and learning process. In functional grammar, teacher can teach the language features in different ways, such as by introducing the terms of processes, participants, and circumstances that contain in the narrative text clauses.
xi TABLE OF CONTENT Page TITLE PAGE ... i APPROVAL ... ii ACCEPTANCE ... iii PRONOUNCEMENT ... iv MOTTOS ... v DEDICATION ... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... vii ABSTRAK ... ix ABSTRACT ... x TABLE OF CONTENTS ... xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study ... 1
B. Limitation of the Study ... 4
C. Problem Statement ... 4
D. Objectives of the Study ... 5
E. Benefits of the Study ... 5
F. Research Paper Organization ... 6
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY A. Previous Study ... 7
B. Related Literary Theory ... 14
1. Notion of Grammar ... 14
2. Systemic Functional Grammar ... 14
3. Metafunction ... 16
4. Ideational Meaning ... 17
xii
b. Types of Processes and Participants ... 17
c. Circumstances ... 18
5. Notion of Text ... 27
6. Narrative Text ... 28
7. Genre ... 28
8. About Textbook “Fly with English” ... 29
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD A. Type of the Study ... 30
B. Object of Research ... 30
C. Data and Data Source ... 31
D. Method and Technique of Collecting Data ... 31
E. Data Validity ... 31
F. Technique of Analyzing Data ... 32
CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS, FINDING AND DISCUSSION A. Data Analysis ... 33 B. Finding ... 79 1. Types of Processes ... 79 2. Types of Participants ... 80 3. Types of Circumstances... 81 4. Narrative Text ... 82 C. Discussion ... 84
1. Ideational meaning and types of processes, participants, and circumstances of narrative text in Elementary School textbook “Fly with English” ... 84
a. Types of Processes and Participants ... 85
1) Material Process ... 85 2) Mental Process ... 85 3) Relational Process ... 86 4) Behavioral Process ... 86 5) Verbal Process ... 87 6) Existential Process ... 87
xiii b. Types of Circumstances ... 88 1) Circumstance of Location ... 88 2) Circumstance of Manner ... 88 3) Circumstance of Extent ... 89 4) Circumstance of Accompaniment ... 89 5) Circumstance of Matter ... 89 6) Circumstance of Cause ... 90
2. Pedagogical Implication of Narrative Text Analysis ... 91
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion ... 93
B. Suggestion ... 95 BIBLIOGRAPHY
