Main Tenses jenis jenis dari main tenses

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English Task

Kind of Main Tenses

Class X.6

No: 12

Sma Negeri 1 kota cirebon

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Foreword

Praise and thank Allah SWT for his mercy blessing I can accomplish this task smoothly.

When we learn English we often find it difficult to create or construct sentences properly so that ideas and thoughts that are not stipulated by the grammar rules. Because of a difference in phrasing between language and English. especially on the verb. verb to be written based on the testimony of time and perfection of events.

English is one of the international language that must be mastered and understood. a lot of English that we must learn as vocabulary, grammar, verb, speaking, and others.

verb forms change according to time of occurrence of an event and change the time or the perfect description of the events referred to in English grammar tenses. tenses can also be interpreted as a description or explanation of when an event, changes, events or actions occurred in the present sentence, past, and future.

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Tenses are the kinds of time in the English language that is used to indicate when an event or incident occurs. this events can be detected through changes in the verb in a sentence. tenses can also be in interpreted as a description or explanation when an event occurs in a sentence according to circumstances, such as: present, past, will come. with simple

language.

Usefulness of Tenses

explain when it happened (present, past and future) clarify whether the event in perfect or imperfect keasaan explain whether an event is making progress or not

A variety of Tenses

Time-based events, tenses in the English language can be divided into four kinds.known as the "four fundamental tenses" are:

Present Tense is going

Past Tenses have occurred

Future Tenses will occur

Past Future Tenses will happen in the past

Based on the nature of the events can be grouped into four sections: Simple Tenses events that are not currently in the process

Continuous Tenses events that are in the process

Perfect Tenses events that have been completed

Perfect Continuous Tense events that begin before prior to and at a certain moment the incident is still ongoing

Based on the timing and nature of the incident the 16 tenses are: Present Tense :

Simple Present Tense 3. Present Perfect Tense

Present Continuous Tense 4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Past Tense :

Simple Past Tense 3. Past Perfect Tense

Past Continuous Tense 4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Future Tense :

Simple Future Tense 3. Future Perfect Tense

Future Continuous Tense 4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past Future Tense :

Past Future Tense 3. Past Future Perfect Tense

Past Future Continuous Tense 4. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

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 Simple Present Tense

describes an activity that occurs at the current time in a simple form of repeated or daily habits

They (+) S + V1 + O

 The features of simple present tense :

Adverbs of frequency

(-) Gaby doesn’t go to school everyday

(?) does Gaby go to school every

 Present Continous Tense +V1

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describes an activity or action that is on going at the present time.

 The features of Present Continuous Tense :

1. Now 6. This morning

2. Right now 7. This afternoon

3. To day 8. Tonight

4. Soon 9. Tomorrow

5. At present 10. In a few days

The functions

Example: (+) They are going to Husin’s house.

(-) They are not going to Husin’s house.

(?) Are they going to Husin’s house?

Exception :

in the present continuous tense form is not all verbs using the suffix "ing" even though the sentence was pronounced when the event is in progress.

There are some verbs that are not normally used in the present continuous tense, among others: 1. To Be (am, are, is) auxiliary verb is use to make sentens.

Example :

o I am happy today o He is at the book store

+am/are+V-ing

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2. Verb of the sense (involuntary action) verbs that express matters relating to the five senses : to feel, to hear, to see, to taste, to smell, to noice etc.

Example :

o I see a bird in the forest

Not : I am see a bird in the forest o They smell of the trash in the street

Not : They are smelling of the trash in the street

Except for verbs such as : to look at, to listen, to stare, to watch, to gaze, to kiss. Because this state of things related to the five senses indirectly.

Example :

o I am touching but i don’t feel anything Not : I touch but I don’t...

3. Verbs of emotion and attitudes, verbs which express feelings and attitudes : to admire (to respect), to mind (to care) to appreciate (to value) to care for (to like) to dislike, to like, to hate, to detest, to fear, to loathe, to love, to want, to wish, prefer, to look, to need, to appear, to look, to seem , etc.

Example :

o I love this clothes

Not : I am loving this clothes o They look happy now

Not : They are looking happy now

Except for the verb has other meanings can be used in “continuous” as : to admire (to look at admiration), to appreciate (to increase with value), to care for (to look after), to hate (to opposite), to long for/to mind (to look after/concern oneself with), etc.

Example :

o She is caring for the children Not : She care for the children o I am minding my record store

Not : I mind my record store

4. Verbs of thought or opinion (mental activity) verbs that express an opinion (mental activity) such as : to agree, to appreciate (to understand), to assume, to belive, to expect (to think), to feel (to think)to feel sure/certain, to forget, to know, to mean, to perceive, to realize, recall, recognize, to brecollect, to remember, to see (to understand, to suppose, to think,(to have an opinion), to understand, etc

Example :

o I think Science is easy to learn

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5. Verbs of possession, verb that states belonging to or owned, such as: to have/has, to belong to, to own, to owe, to possess, etc.

Example :

o He owns an expensive motorcycle

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explain the events that have occurred in the past that still has something to do with the present, but the timing is not clearly knows. Can also be used to describe events or work today and has been completed.

 The features of Present Perfect Tense :

1. Once 6. So far

2. Twice 7. As yet

3. This week 8. Since yesterday

4. Many time 9. Never

5. Just 10. Ever

The functions

Example: (+) They have been here since yesterday.

(-) They have not been here since yesterday.

(?) have they been here since yesterday?

Exception :

When the sentence has the formula “have/has + been + past perticipel” then tis sentence is a form of special construction of the passive voice in present perfect tense.

Example :

o The vas has been broken by Luki +have+V3

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Auxiliart verb “have/has” has three different uses and meanings, namely: a) S + have/has + noun = have

Example:

o He has a new magazine o She has a new biga bag

b) S + have/has + V3 = already Example :

o She has slept nicely o We have learnt the lesson c) S + have/has + V1 = should

Example :

o I have to go book store now o He has to leave for Malang

Specifically for the auxiliary verb “have/has” wich means having the from of question and deny can be expressed in two ways, namely by using American style and British style.

Example :

American English

Lia has a dress

Lia does not have a dress

Does Lia have a dress?

 Present Perfect ContinousTense

British English

Lia has a dress

Lia has not a dress

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describes the activities that began in the past and has continued until now continuous of

discontinuous. Can also be used to describe events that occurred during the past and continues to date are discussed.

 The features of present perfect continous tense:

1. For 6. Since five o’clock

2. Since 7. All morning

3. Long 8. The whole night

4. For over two years 5. The whole day

The functions

Example: (+) Lucy has been working since morning.

(-) Lucy has not been working since morning.

(?) Has Lucy been working since morning? +have+been+Ving

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PAST TENSE

 The features of simple past tense:

(-) I didn’t see the bird last night.

(?) did you see the bird last night? +V2

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 Past Continous Tense

 The features of past continous:

1. When 5. The whole day last sunday

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(?) were they going to Budi’s house?

 Past Perfect Tense

describes an action that has been completed in the past or it can also describe two events that have occurred but asserted that the events which occurred first.

They (+) S + had+ V3

 The features of Past Perfect Tense :

(-) They had not been here before. +had+V3

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(?) had they been here before?

 The features of past perfect continous tense:

(-) Luda had not been working since Tuesday. +had+been+Ving

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FUTURE TENSE

 Simple Future Tense

used to declare an act to be performed on the future.

(+) S +shall + V1

 The features of simple future tense :

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Example: (+) Gary will go to Bandung next year.

(-) Gary will not go to Bandung next year.

(?) will Gary go to Bandung next year?

 Future Continous Tense

used to indicate an action that will occur.

(+) S +shall +be+ Ving

 The features of future continous tense :

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Example: (+) I shall be going to Bandung tomorrow.

(-) I shall not be going to Bandung tomorrow.

(?) Shall I be going to Bandung tomorrow?

 Future Perfect Tense

used to express action that has already begun in the past and be completed in time to come.

(+) S +shall + V3

 The features of future perfect tense :

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Example: (+)They will have finished their work by Wednesday

(-)They will not have finished their work by Wednesday

(?)Will they have finished their work by Wednesday?

 Future Perfect Continous Tense

used to express that an activity will be (already, was) took place when the speaker speaks so in this form will have a sense of a sentence “...would have been being...” something that is not common phrase heard in Indonesian.

(+) S +shall +have+been+ Ving

We (-) S+ shall +have+not +been+ Ving

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The functions

Example: (+)I shall have been studying in high school one year by the end of June

(-)I shall not have been studying in high school one year by the end of June

(?)Shall I have been studying in high school one year by the end of June?

PAST FUTURE TENSE

 Past Future Tense

used to declare an event that will occur at the time that would have occurred in the past. May also declare an event that is not in the past because the conditions are not met and would not be possible at this time.

 The features of past future tense :

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The functions

Example: (+)They would meet for discussing the day before

(-)They would not meet for discussing the day before

(?)Would They meet for discussing the day before?

 Past Future Continous Tense

used to express action that will is begain done in the past or can be used to declare an event or events that will occur in time to be going on in the past.

(+) S +should +be+ Ving

 The features of past future continous tense :

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Example: (+) should be meeting Sinta at six yesterday

(-)I should not be meeting Sinta at six yesterday

(?)should I be meeting Sinta at six yesterday?

 Past Future Perfect Tense

Used to express a supposition that can not happen because the conditions are not met is uncertain, but only as a shadow only if the requirements were met in the past.

(+) S +should +have+ V3

 The features of future perfect tense :

Adverbs of frequency 1. On last year 2. On last day 3. On last week

4. Past fucure perfect………if……….past perfect

The functions

Example: (+) you would have worked if you had met me +should+have+V3

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(-) you would not have worked if you had met me

(?) would you have worked if you had met me?

 Past Future Perfect Continous Tense

used to express that an activity will be (already, was) took place when the speaker speaks so in this form will have a sense of a sentence “...would have been being...” something that is not common phrase heard in Indonesian.

(+) S +should+have+been+ Ving

We (-) S+ should+have +not +been+ Ving

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9. By……… last year 10. By may last year

The functions

Example: (+) I sould have been studying there for two hours bythe end of this afternoon

(-)I sould not have been studying there for two hours bythe end of this afternoon

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Main Tenses jenis jenis dari main tenses

English Task

Kind of Main Tenses

Class X.6

No: 12

Sma Negeri 1 kota cirebon

Foreword

Table of contents

Recognize Tenses

A Final Word