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T ... i .... T

E E H S L A V O R P P

A ... ii E

C N A T P E C C

A SHEET... iii E

G A P O T T O

M ... iv E

G A P N O I T A C I D E

D ... v

H A I M L I A Y R A K I S A K I L B U P N A U J U T E S R E P R A B M E

L UNTUK

K I M E D A K A N A G N I T N E P E

K ... vi T

N E M E G D E L W O N K C

A ... iiv T

N E T N O C F O E L B A

T ... iiv i T

C A R T S B

A ... x

K A R T S B

A ... xi N

O I T C U D O R T N I I R E T P A H

C ... 1 .

A Backgroundoft heStudy ... 1 .. .

B ProblemFormulaiton ... 3 .

C Objecitve soft heStudy... 4 .

D Deifniitono fTerms ... 4 W

E I V E R L A C I T E R O E H T I I R E T P A H

C ... 6 .

A Reviewo fRelatedStudies... 6 .

B Reviewo fRelatedTheo ires... 7 .

1 Theoryo fCharacter ... 8 .... .

2 Theoryo fCharacteirzaiton ... 8 .

C Reviewo fSocial ,Cu tlural ,andHisto irca lBackground ... 01 .

1 Reviewoft heChineseCutlure... 01 .

a ChineseValues ... 0....1 )

1 Collecitvism( GroupO irentaiton) ... 0..1 )

2 FormaltiyandAuthortiy ... 11 )

3 Harmony ... 11 )

4 Roleo fLaw ,Rules ,andRegulaitons... 11 )

5 Status ... 11 .

b ChineseFamliy ... 11 .... .

c ChineseBeilefs ... 13 .... .

2 Reviewo fAmeircanValues ... 17 .

a Individuailsm ... 18 .

b Equaltiy ... 18 .

c DemocracyandDriectness... 18 .

d Pracitcaltiy ... 18 .

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x i

.f Status... 19 .

g Freedom………19 .

3 Reviewo fChineseI mmigrants ... 02 .

a Chinese-Ame ircanFamliy ... 02 .

b Chinese-Ame ircanWomen ... 22 .

D Theoreitca lFramework... 23 .... Y

G O L O D O H T E M I I I R E T P A H

C ... 25 .

A Objec toft heStudy ... 25 .

B Approachoft heStudy ... 25 .... .

C Methodoft heStudy ... 26 S

I S Y L A N A V I R E T P A H

C ... 29 .

A TheCharacte irzaitonoft heMother sandDaughters... 03 .

1 TheCharacteirzaitonoft heMothers ... 03 .

a Obedient ... 32 .

b Supersititous ... 36 .

c Determined ... 14 .

2 TheCharacteirzaitonoft heDaughters ... 47 .

a Independen tandFree ... 47 .

b Pracitcal... 35 .

c Asseritve... 56 .

3 TheCharacters ’Dfiferen tPerspecitve sont heChineseCutlure ... 58 .

a TheMothers’Perspecitve sont heChineseCutlure ... 59 )

1 Confucianism :Fiila lPietyandHarmony... 59 )

2 Supersititons ... 4..6 .

b TheDaughters’Perspecitve sont heChineseCutlure... 67 )

1 Confucianism :Fiila lPietyandHarmony... 67 )

2 Supersititons ... 0..7 V

R E T P A H

C : CONCLUSION ... 37 Y

H P A R G O I L B I

B ... 75 I

D N E P P

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n e h w , s e m it e m o S . d lr o w e h t t u o h g u o r h t s e r u tl u c t n e r e f fi d y n a m e r a e r e h T

y e h t , e r u tl u c t n e r e f fi d a h ti w y t e i c o s a o t n i e v o m e r u tl u c r a l u c it r a p a m o r f e l p o e p

, e s a c s i h t n I . y t e i c o s w e n e h t o t s e v l e s m e h t g n it s u j d a n i s e it l u c if fi d d n if l li w

s t n a r g i m m i e s e n i h

C who b irng wtih them thei rChinese cutlure move to the y e h t ,s e t a t S d e ti n U e h t n i y a t s o t e d i c e d s t n a r g i m m i e s e n i h C n e h W . s e t a t S d e ti n U

e s e n i h C r o f y s a e t o n s i ti , y l e t a n u tr o f n U . e r u tl u c n a c ir e m A e h t h ti w t p a d a o t e v a h

t p a d a o t s t n a r g i m m

i t o the Ameircan cutlure because they stli lhold on to thei r e h t s i e r u tl u c e s e n i h C e h t , s t n a r g i m m i e s e n i h C r o F . e r u tl u c e s e n i h C l a n o it i d a rt

. e fi l ri e h t f o s i s a b

o t e c n e u lf n i t a e r g a s a h n a c ir e m A f o s e t a t S d e ti n U e h t , y rt n u o c t a e r g a s A

d n a s p u o r g c i n h t e t n e r e f fi d f o e l p o e p y n a M . d lr o w e h t d n u o r a l l a s e ir t n u o c r e h t o

e b l li w t i , a c ir e m A o t g n i m o c y b t a h t e p o h y e h T . a c ir e m A o t e m o c s e c a r t n e r e f fi d

o g a e k a m o t r e i s a

e od ilving ,unilke i n t hei r“old wo lrd”wheret hey ifnd i tvery a a c ir e m A e k a m s e c a r d n a s p u o r g c i n h t e t n e r e f fi d e s o h T . e fi l d o o g a e v a h o t d r a h

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(14)

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w -189) .TheChinese i mmigrant sbeileved .

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e h T . e r u tl u c e s e n i h C l a n o it i d a

rt Chinese immigran t mother s are the fris t e r a n e r d li h c r i e h t d n a n e r d li h c r i e h t o t e r u tl u c e s e n i h C e h t s g n ir b t a h t n o it a r e n e g

n a c ir e m A d n a e s e n i h C e h t h t o b y b d e c n e u lf n i n e e b s a h t a h t n o it a r e n e g d n o c e s e h t

. s e r u tl u

c TheJoyLuckClubist hef ris tnove lwrtitenbyAmyTan,f ocusingont he r i e h t e s i a r s r e h t o m e h t y a w e h t y b d e z a m a s a w r e ti r w e h T . c i n h t e e s e n i h C

o t e l g g u rt s s r e h t o m e h t y a w e h t , t n e m o m d n a e fi l t l u c if fi d y r e v a n i s r e t h g u a d

e b a e v a h o t d n a , a n i h C n i s e c n e ir e p x e e fi l d a b , ” d lr o w d l o “ r i e h t e v a e

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ilves .Thewrtie rdepict sconfilctsi nt henove lbetweent hemother sanddaughters , n i h c i h w , e r u tl u c e s e n i h C e h t n o s e v it c e p s r e p t n e r e f fi d r i e h t y b d e s u a c e r a h c i h w

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(15)

e s e n i h C e h t f o y a w e h t n i k n i h t d n a e v il o t w o h , e r u tl u

c people .Themother spu ta

o it a il if f a p u o r g n o e u l a v h g i

h n ,meaningt hatt heyhaveahopet ha ttheridaughter s . y a d e m o s a n i h C o t n r u t e r y e h t n e h w e r u s s e r p l a i c o s e v i e c e r t o n l li w

. e fi l t s a p ’ s r e h t o m r i e h t n i t s e r e t n i y n a e v a h t o n o d s r e t h g u a d e h t , y l e t a n u tr o f n U

fl e s n o e u l a v h g i h a t u p , d n a h r e h t o e h t n o , y e h

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d n a s r e h t o m e h t s e i d u t s r e ti r w e h t , l e v o n e h t n I . e r u tl u c l a n o it i d a rt e s e n i h C

e r u tl u c e s e n i h C e h t n o s w e i v ’ s r e t h g u a

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n i n e d n a Z r e d n a V . W s e m a J o t g n i d r o c c

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y g o l o i c o S f o n o it c u d o r t n

I ,cu tlure refer sto the socia lhertiage o fa people— the h

c t a h t g n it c a d n a , g n il e e f , g n i k n i h t f o s n r e tt a p d e n r a e

l aracte irzea populaiton o r

e r u tl u c l a ir e t a m n o n f o d e s o p m o c s i e r u tl u C . y t e i c o

s -absrtac tcreaiton s ilkevalues ,

(17)

.

3 Chinese-Ameircan e

s e n i h

C -Ameircan in Race Relaiton , Third Ediiton i s the fris t Asian f o e s u a c e b s 0 4 8 1 e h t n i t s a o C t s e W e h t o t e m o c , a c ir e m A r e t n e o t s t n a r g i m m i

l a i c o s d n a , s n o il l e b e r l a c o l ,s e s r e v e r c i m o n o c

e discontenti nChina( Ktiano ,1985 : .)

(18)

6

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r e h t o m n o s u c o f s e i d u t s e h t f o e m o S . s l e v o n s ’ n a T y m

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n i t h g il B a n n

A Al lMy Good Intenitons :Chinese Mother sand Thei rAmerican

b u l C k c u L y o J e h T s n a T y m A n i s r e t h g u a

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e r a s a s p i h s n o it a l e

r presentaiton o fChinese-Ameircan women who ilve in the :

t a h t d e n o it n e m s i tI . s e t a t S d e ti n U

l l e t s r e t h g u a d n r o b n a c ir e m A r u o f r i e h t d n a s r e h t o m n r o b e s e n i h C r u o F “

e n o h ti w s p i h s n o it a l e r r i e h t t u o b a w e i v f o t n i o p n w o r i e h t m o r f s e ir o t s

: r e h t o n

a mother-mother ,mother-daughter ,and daughter-daughte.r Theway e s e h t w o h d n a , t n e s e r p d n a t s a p e h t f o t u o d n a n i e v a e w s e ir o t s e s e h t

f o k n i h t o t t h g u a t e r a n e m o w t a h w f o h c u m l l e t d e d l o f n u s e v il s ’ n e m o w

.s e v il r i e h t s e p a h s t i w o h d n a , s e v l e s m e h

t How amothe rhopest o givehe r

d n a r e h t o m n e e w t e b d n o b a d n a , fl e s r e h r o f t c e p s e r , h t g n e rt s r e t h g u a d

r e t h g u a d h c a e w o h y b k c a b d e t c e lf e r s i , s r e h t o m e h t y b d l o t s a , r e t h g u a d

” . e b o t s n o s s e l ’ s r e h t o m r e h s e v i e c r e p e h s t a h w s e s s e c o r p

(http://www.msu.edu/~bilghta1j/oyluck.html) .

s i s e h t e t a u d a r g r e d n u r e h n i o t p i c u S i w e D a k E a i v l y

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b u l C k c u L y o J e h T s n a

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s e n i h C , e r u tl u c d e x i

m and Ameircan cu tlure ,s i n t he characteirzaiton .She ifnd s e h t f o e c n e s e r p e h t n i d e t c e lf e r e r a s r e t h g u a d d n a s r e h t o m f o s p i h s n o it a l e r e h t t a h t

. s r e n n a m d n a , s t h g u o h t , e l y t s e fi l ,s n o i n i p o , s e v il t s a p f o n o it i s o p p o e h t ,s t c il f n o c

t g n it n e s e r p e r , s r e h t o m e h

(19)

n i a m e h T . s r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t f o n o i s i v i d e h t n i s r a e p p a n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c n i e r u tl u c

h t o m e h t : o w t o t n i d e d i v i d e r a s r e t c a r a h

c e rwho represent sthe Chinese cu tlure . s e u l a v d n a e r u tl u c n a c ir e m A e h t s t n e s e r p e r o h w r e t h g u a d e h t d n a s e u l a v d n a

s i s e h t e t a u d a r g r e d n u s ’i t n a s r u N a il e m A . r R s i y d u t s r e h t o n

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e s e n i h C A f o p i h s n o it a l e

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n e e

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e h t ,s e r u tl u c n a c ir e m A d n a e s e n i h C e h t n o e v it c e p s r e p ’ s r e t c a r a h c e h t g n i z y l a n a

e n o o t n i s e m o c r e ti r

w majo rconclusion tha tthe setitng o fthe Chinese and o w t e h t f o s c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t g n i d li u b n i s e c n e u lf n i g n o rt s s a h s e r u tl u c n a c ir e m A

l li w t i t a h t d n a , e fi l n i s e c n e ir e p x e d n a s d n u o r g k c a b t n e r e f fi d r i e h t n i s r e t c a r a h c

p i h s n o it a l e r r i e h t s e c n e u lf n i s y a w l

a a smothe rand daughte ron many aspects , .

k n i h t d n a e v a h e b y e h t y a w e h t n o y ll a i c e p s e

s i h t n I . e v o b a d e n o it n e m s e i d u t s s u o i v e r p e h t m o r f t n e r e f fi d s i y d u t s s i h T

n a c ir e m A d n a e s e n i h C e h t d n a t s r e d n u o t s e ir t d n a s e s y l a n a r e ti r w e h t , y d u t s

i v r e s b o y b s e r u tl u

c ngt hedfiferen tperspecitve so fChinese-Ameircanmother sand e h t n o s e v it c e p s r e p r i e h t w o h d n a e r u tl u c e s e n i h C l a n o it i d a rt r i e h t n o s r e t h g u a d

.s r e t h g u a d d n a s r e h t o m e h t n o d e t c e lf e r e r a e r u tl u c e s e n i h C

.

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T hatt hewrtie rusesi nt hist hesis .Allt heset heo ire s s

’ n a T y m A n i s m e l b o r p e h t e s y l a n a o t r e ti r w e h t p l e

(20)

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1 Theoryo fCharacter n i s m a r b A o t g n i d r o c c

A A Glossary o fLtierary Terms ,“character saret he e

v it a r r a n r o c it a m a r d a n i ,s n o s r e

p work ,endowed wtih mora land disposiitona l y

a s y e h t t a h w n i d e s s e r p x e e r a t a h t s e it il a u

q —the dialogue—and by wha tthey

o

d —theaciton”( 1981 :23 .) I n othe rwords ,character scan besaid ast heperson s .s

k r o w y r a r e ti l n i

n i e l k n e H . B r e g o R o t g n i d r o c c

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o it c i F g n it e r p r e t n I f o e u q i n h c e

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T . l e v o n e l p m a x e r o f , k r o w y r a r e ti l a n i e n o x e l p m o c d n

a herefore ,in orde rto

r o j a m e h t o t n o it n e tt a t s e ll u f e h t e v i g y ll a u s u s r e d a e r e h t , l e v o n e h t d n a t s r e d n u

n i n o it c n u f d e ti m il e v a h o h w s r e t c a r a h c e r a s r e t c a r a h c y r a d n o c e s e h T . s r e t c a r a h c

s e l b m e s e r h c i h w , l e v o n e h t n i d lr o w e h t t i b a h n i o t , s i t a h t , l e v o n e h

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8 8 : 1 8 9 1 ( s n o it i d n o

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t g n i d r o c c

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fi l s a s r e d a e r e h t r o f s t s i x e o h w e g a n o s r e p y r a n i g a m i e h t g n it a e r

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z ir e t c a r a h c , s d r o w r e h t o n I . ) 1 8 : 6 8 9

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(21)

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.s n o i n i p o .

c Speech

r e t c a r a h c a t a h

W say sand eilctisi nassociaitonwtihanothe rcansignfiysome .r

e t c a r a h c e h t f o g n i d n a t s r e d n u f o d n i k .

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. e fi l t s a p r i e h t m o r f r e t c a r a h c a t u o b a g n i h t e m o s n r a e l n a c s r e d a e r e h T .

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s e u l a v d n a , m a e r d , e fi l t u o b a s r e h t o m r i e h t h ti w .

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e k a m o t r e d r o n i y lt c e ri d y ti l a n o s r e p s ’ r e t c a r a h c e h t n o s t n e m m o c r o h t u a e h T

. e l b a d n a t s r e d n u e r o m r e t c a r a h c e h t .

h Thought

t t a h w w o n k s r e d a e r e h t s t e l r o h t u a e h

(22)

.i Manneirsm

s ti b a h , m s ir e n n a m s e s u r o h t u a e h

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. y ti l a n o s r e p

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, ) 1 8 : 3 6 9 1 , n h a h k c u l K d n a r e b e o r K n i( r o l y a T . B . E o t g n i d r o c c a , e r u tl u

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. n o n e m o n e h p e li g a r f a s i t i t u b , l a v i v r u s r o f l o o t n a m u h l u fr e w o p

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, e c a F “ , e c n e r e f n o c s ’ A S F A N t a n o it a t n e s e r p r e h n i g n i Q i L o t g n i d r o c c A

e s e n i h C , ” e r u tl u C e s e n i h C e h t o t n i t h g i s n I : s e l u R c it s a l E d n a ) r ( n e m u o H , i x n a u G

ti a f r i e h t o t l u f h ti a f , s u o i n o m r a h , e v it a ti r o h t u a , t s i v it c e ll o c e r a e l p o e

p h .

, e g a n o s d n e p e d e fi l r i e h t n i s u t a t s d o o g a t a h t e v e il e b e s e n i h C , y ll a n o it i d a r T

( . y li m a f d n a , r e d n e

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h t e r a g n i w o ll o f e h

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d n a n o it a r e p o o c p u o r g n o e u l a v h g i h a t u p y e h t o s , s t s i v it c e ll o c e r a e s e n i h C

l a i c o s r o f n r e c n o c t a e r g a e v a h e l p o e p e s e n i h C e h T . y t s e d o m l a u d i v i d n i

(23)

)

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l e r l a i c o s r o f n r e c n o c t a e r g a e v a h e l p o e p e s e n i h C e h

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e v i e c e r l li w y e h t r o m s i n a i c u f n o C o t m r o f n o c o t e v a h n e r d li h c e h T . r u o i v a h e b

. k c u l d a b d n a e r u s s e r p l a i c o s

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n e tt ir w n i n a h t p i h s n o it a l e r l a i c o s n i h ti a f e r o m e v a h e l p o e p e s e n i h C e h T

u d e c o r p d n a s e l u

r re sfo rsrtuctu irng interacitons ,because they beileve in three l a i c o s e h t o t d o p ir t e h t s a l a u ti r d n a , s s e n e n a m u h , y t e i p l a il if : s e u l a v l a it n e s s e

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t n e r e h n i r e h / s i h n o d e s a b s i y t e i c o s e h t n i s u t a t s s ’ e s e n i h C a , y ll a n o it i d a r T

ir e t c a r a h

c sitc ssuch a sage ,gender ,and famliy .Status i sreally i mpo tran tfort he e h t d n a y t e i c o s e h t m o r f t c e p s e r s e e t n a r a u g t i e s u a c e b e l p o e p e s e n i h C

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I China’ sCutlura lHertiage :TheQing Dynasty ,1644-1912 ,Smtih (1994 : 9

4

2 -55 ) explain s tha t gi lr s were considered a s a poo r socia l investmen t in d

r a H . a n i h C l a n o it i d a

(24)
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. s k s a t d l o h e s u o h n i d e n i a rt s i d n a r e h t o m r e h h ti w s n i a m e r s y a w l a l ri g a e g a ir r a m

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a n e r F o t g n i d r o c c

A Bloom ifeldi nTheBooko fChineseBeilef s(1991: xv)i , e

l o r y r e v a e r a e l p o e p e s e n i h C e h

t -o irented society .Theyhavet hei rown patrst o r i e h t y e b o o t d e s o p p u s e r a n e r d li h C . y lr e p o r p m e h t y a l p o t d e s o p p u s e r a d n a y a l p

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. e l b a k a e p s n u y ll a r e ti l e r a s n o it o m e n i a tr e c h c i h w n i , y t e i c o s d e t c ir t s e r

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, n o i g il e r n i n w o h s s c it s ir e t c a r a h c e s e n i h C e h

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g n o K , r e v i g w a l d n a e g a s t a e r g e h t o t k c a b d e r r e f e

r - uF -Tse (Confucius) .In The

d l r o W e h t f o y r o t s i H s n a i r o t s i

H ,Henry Smtih Wliilams ,L .L . D .states t hat t he u

t a t s d n a , s g n i h c a e t , s n o it u ti t s n i d l

o te swhich were in rtoduced unde rthe piou s d

o G r e h t o d n a o a Y g n i

k -feairng r uler soft heeariles t itme shad f allen i ntodisuse : 8 0 9 1 ( s r o r e p m e r e t a l f o s s e n s u o i c i v d n a , s s e n k a e w , s s e n s s e l e r a c e h t f o e s u a c e b

t o n y a r p s y a w l a s r e p p i h s r o w e h t ,s u i c u f n o C o t g n i d r o c c a t a h t s e t a t s m a il li W . ) 7 2 5

l n

o yt oGodbu talsot ot hespriti so fnatureandt hesoul soft hedeadmeni norde r :

k c u l d n a , y ti r e p s o r p , e fi l d o o g a n i a t b o o t

f o s ti ri p s e h t o s l a t u b , d e p p i h s r o w e r a h tr a e e h t d n a s n e v a e h e h t y l n o t o N

v ir e h t f o d n a s n i a t n u o m e h t f o , n u s e h t f o , s r a t s e h

t ers ,and aboveallt he

s r o t s e c n a s u o u tr i v d n a r o r e p m e d o o g f o y ll a i c e p s e , n e m d a e d e h t f o s l u o s

.) 7 2 5 : 8 0 9 1 , s m a il li W (

d e c n e u lf n i s i h c i h w e r u tl u c y r a m ir p ’ s t n a r g i m m i e h t s i e r u tl u c e s e n i h C e h T

n i r e b l e G . G y r r a H . e fi l f o y a w ’ s u i c u f n o C y

(26)
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g n o l a e z il o b m y s y e h t s a , t u

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i u h s g n e

f i sa mean so fdivinaiton intended to ifnd the mos tsutiable stie sto t

a h t r e h tr u f s n i a l p x e e H . ) 0 9 2 : 1 9 9 1 ( b m o t r o y ti c , e s u o h h s il b a t s

e fengshui

e h T . s e ir o e h t l a u t c e ll e t n i d e t a c it s i h p o s h ti w n o it i u t n i g n i n i b m o c n o s d n e p e d

t a h t f e il e b e h t m o r f g n ir p s s t n e m e l e l a u t c e ll e t n

i human’ sfo trune depend son

t a h t s m h t y h r l a n r e t e e h t o t d n a g n i d n u o r r u s l a r u t a n s i h o t fl e s m i h g n it a d o m m o c c a

. n a m u h d n a , h tr a e , n e v a e h f o s t n e m e v o m e h t e t a l u g e r

n i d l e if m o o l B a n e r F o t g n i d r o c c

A TheBook o fChineseBeilef s(1991 ,) t he d

e r e d i s n o c e r a e s e n i h

C supersititou speople .Supernatura lthing sin lfuence thei r t a h t y ti l a e r d n a h t y m f o n o it a r a p e s e h t e d a m r e v e n e v a h e s e n i h C e h T . s e v il y li a d

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e r a y d u t s s i h t n i d e s u s e c r u o s e h t e c n i s h c r a e s e r y r a r b il a s i y d u t s s i h T

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w TheJoyLuckClubbyAmy

s e c n e r e f e r d n a , s m s i c it ir c , s k o o b l a r e v e s m o r f n e k a t e r e w a t a d y r a d n o c e s e h T . n a T

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P ,and Ktiano’ sRace Relaiton ,Third Ediiton ,B .

s ’ e l k n e

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(40)

e h t d e c n e u lf n i h c i h w e r u tl u c e s e n i h C e h t d e b ir c s e d r e ti r w e h t , y l d n o c e S

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c ng t hep irmary sourceand

’ s r e t c a r a h c e h t g n i n i m a x e r e tf a , y l d ri h T . a t a d y r a d n o c e s e h t m o r f s e c n e d i v e g n i v i g

e h t , e r u tl u c e s e n i h C e h t n o w e i v ’ s r e t c a r a h c e h t g n ir e v o c s i d d n a n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c

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C -Ameircan daughter .sFinally ,the wrtie rdrew a conclusion by summing .

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