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E G A P E L T I
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G A P E C N A T P E C C
A ... iii H
A I M L I A Y R A K I S A K I L B U P N A A T A Y N R E P R A B M E
L ... iv
Y T I L A N I G I R O F O T N E M E T A T
S ... v .. E
G A P O T T O
M ... vi E
G A P N O I T A C I D E
D ... v ii T
N E M E G D E L W O N K C
A ... iiv i S
T N E T N O C F O E L B A
T ... x T
C A R T S B
A ... ix
K A R T S B
A ............................................................................................................x ii :
I R E T P A H
C INTRODUCTION ... 1 .... .
A Backgroundoft hes tudy... 1 .
B ProblemFormulaiton... 4 .
C Objecitve soft heStudy ... 4 .
D Deifniitono fTerms ... 5 CHAPTERI I :THEORETICALREVIEW ... 6
.
A Reviewo fRelatedStudies... 6 .. .
B Reviewo fRelatedTheoires ... 8 .
C Theoreitca lFramework ... 51 Y
G O L O D O H T E M : I I I R E T P A H
C ... 61 .
A Objec toft heStudy ... 61 .
B Approachoft heStudy ... 91 .
C Methodoft heStudy ... 02 S
I S Y L A N A : V I R E T P A H
C ... 12 .
A TheDepicitono fKim... 12 .
B Hyb irdI denttiyi nKim ... 53 N
O I S U L C N O C : V R E T P A H
C ... 64 Y
H P A R G O I L B I
ii x
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. A Y A T A N I T S E R P A C I T S A L O C
S Kim’ sHybrid Identtiy i n Rudyard Kipilng’ s m
i
K . Yogyaka tra : Jurusan Sasrta Ingg irs , Fakutlas Sasrta , Universtias Sanata .
4 1 0 2 , a m r a h D
e m s il a ir e p m
I adalah itndakan menguasai nd a mengeksplo tiasi wliayah yang a
d a r e
b d liuarbatasNegara mereka sendi irdengan berbagaimacam ala san nd a latar m
s il a ir e p m I . g n a k a l e
b e Ingg irs menyebar ek banyak Negara di seluruh dunia dan h
a l a y n a h a i d n
I salah s atu d a ir negara-negara tersebut .India mempunyai posisi g
n it n e
p dalam impe irailsm Ingg irs karena berada di lokasi srtateg is jalur .
n a g n a g a d r e p
i s p ir k
S ii n membahas tentang e fek d a ir impeirailsm Inggirs dalam nove l t
a h il i d g n il p i K d r a y d u R n a g n a r a k m i K l u d u jr e
b d a ir sudutpandangKim .Subjekd a ir n
a it il e n e
p ii n adalah Kim,t okoh utama dalam novel ,yanghidup d iIndia pada m asa m
s il a ir e p m
i Ingg irs .Oleh karena ,tiusk irpsi ii n mengapilkasikan teo ir karakte ,r t eo ir ,
i s a s ir e t k a r a
k teo ir poskoloniailsme nd a teo ir identtias hib ird. Sementara pendekatan n
a k a n u g i d g n a
y adalahpendekatanposkoloniailsme. s
il u n e
P merumuskan ad u pe tranyaan aga rnanitnya b ias mendapat kesimpulan. Pe tranyaan pe trama membahas tentang pe jralanan hidup nd a karakte irsasi tokoh
a m a t
u dalam novel ,yatiu Kim .Petranyaan kedua membahas tentang identtias hib ird i
m a l a i d g n a
y tokohutama nd a bagaimana uti tercermindalamdi irnya. s
il u n e
P menggunakan metode studi pustaka untuk melengkap i data . Data t
u b e s r e
t terdi ir dar idata p irme rdan data sekunde .r Data p irme radalah nove lKim r
e d n u k e s a t a d a r a t n e m e s , g n il p i K d r a y d u R n a g n a r a
k adalah data pelengkap yang
li b m a i
d d a ir kamus ,esai ,aritke,l i nternet ,dan beberapa buku lainnya .Ada beberapa g
n a y h a k g n a
l diambli untuk menganailsa novel .Yang pe trama adalah membaca a
r a c e
s seksama nd a mengidenit ifkasimasalahdalamnove lKim. Langkahyangkedua h
a l a d
a menca ir referens iyang berhubungan dengan topic impe irailsme ,Rudyard ir
o e t , g n il p i
K sasrta tentang karakter nd a karakte irsasi , n da juga teo ir poskolonial . g
it e k g n a
Y a adalah mengapilkasikan semua teo ir tersebut untuk mendapatkan n
a b a w a
j ird a rumusanmasalah .Langkahyangt erakhriadalahmena irkkesimpulan. li
s a
H d a ir studi menunjukkan bahwa Kim ,yang adalah seorang anak l - iaki l ak n
a n u r u t e
k kulti puith yang dibesarkan dengan a -dat a dat loka lIndia membuatnya i
k il i m e
m identtiashib ird .Setelahorangtuanyameninggal ad i diititpkan padaseorang l
a u j n e m g n a y a ti n a
w furntiurebeka sd ipasar. Kimsadarbahwa ad i adalahanakkulti h
it u
p keturunanI lrandia ,namun ad i sangatmencintaiI ndiadan em mbuatnyatakbisa s
a p e
l da irnya .Kim itdak sb ia memiilhmanayangmerupakanidenttiassejaitnya ,oleh a
n e r a
1
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A Backgroundoft heStudy
l e v o n e h
T KimbyRudyardKip ilngi shugelydebatedbymanyciritc sdue
s ti o
t topic on i mpeirailsm .Some ciritc sdeplored ht e way Rudyard Kipilng
d e t n e s e r
p the story in such a way which made impe irailsm looks innocent ,
e li h
w some other s agreed tha t impe irailsm actually gave benefti s to the
. y rt n u o
c
k o o b s i h n i , d i a S d r a w d
E CutlureandI mperiailsm ,desc irbedimpe irailsm n a ti l o p o rt e m g n it a n i m o d a f o s e d u ti tt a e h t d n a , y r o e h t e h t , e c it c a r p e h t “ s a
g n il u r r e t n e
c a distan tterrtiory” .I th as dfiferen tmeaning from coloniailsm
d e b ir c s e d e h h c i h
w a s“thei mplanitng o fsetltement son distantt errtiory” and
s
i almos t alway s a resul t from impeirailsm (1994:9) . Fu trhermore , Ania
k o o b r e h n i a b m o o
L Coloniailsm/Postcoloniailsmstated tha t“impeirailsm can s
il a ir e p m i . S . U n i s a ( s e i n o l o c l a m r o f t u o h ti w n o it c n u
f m today ) bu t
.t o n n a c m s il a i n o l o
c ” (2000:7)
m s il a ir e p m i h s it ir
B ha sspread to manyarea sal laround t hewo lrd, f rom
. t s a E e l d d i M e h t o t , a c ir f A , a i s A h t u o
S Theneedo fhumanr esource sa s rtade
s t n a p i c it r a
p andl abor smaket heB iritsh se teye son t hesecountirest o become
e n o d e r e v o c y d a e rl a d a h h s it ir B e h t , 0 0 9 1 n I ‘ . n o i s n a p x e r i e h
t - iftfh o fthe
i m 0 0 4 h ti w d lr o
e l b a n e s n o i s n a p x e e h
t d theB iritsh t oestabilsh a rtadesystem ,mlitiary power ,
.s n r e tt a p y r o t a r g i m d n a , s n o it a c i n u m m o c
d e y a l p a i d n
I impo trantr olefort heB iritsh . tIbecame et h crowningj ewe l
E h s it ir B e h t f
o mp riebecause tisecured ht eB iritsh rtadei nI ndianOceanafte r
s e i d n I t s a E e h
t w oasw n-ove rby t he Dutch (Johnson ,2003:23). Fo rdecades,
y e h
t had cooperated wtih India to estab ilsh rtading post i n t he coast swtihou t
.t n e m e v l o v n i l a t n e m n r e v o g r o y r a ti li
m The B iritsh rules there reiled fully on
e h
t wliilngparitcipant sofI ndians ,whethera salile so ra srtader .s
t u o b a d r a e h e l p o e p n e h
W B iritshi mpeirailsminI ndia(ca .1600 – 1947) ,
t u o b a k n i h t y ll a c it a m o t u a y e h
t how Brtiain ruled ove rIndia in orde rto gain
y rt n u o c n w o r i e h t r o f s e g a t n a v d
a , and for tgo the need so fthe dominated
. y rt n u o
c Thesrtategy t o ruleIndia i sby making somereforms i n t hecounrty
d l u o i w h c i h
w beneif tBrtiain rathert han India(Hutchinson ,2010 :1 .) tIi sno t
d e d e e n a i d n I w o h t u o b
a them ,bu thow t hey neede d India for t hei rown sole
ti f e n e
b .
a i d n I n i m s il a ir e p m i h s it ir
B had caused severa lposiitve and negaitve
r p l a n o it i d a rt e n a m u h n i f o g n i n n a b e h t e r a s t c e f f e e v it i s o p e h T . s t c e f f
e acitce s
e k
il chlid marriage and t he dowry system which force sthe b irde’ sfamliy to
y a
p fo ral lthe marirage necessiites ,the developmen to f rtanspo traiton and
n o it a c u d e , y g o l o n h c e t f o t n e m e v o r p m i e h t , n o it a c i n u m m o
c , and pubilcheatlh .
s a y tr e v o p f o e s a e r c n i e h t e d u l c n i s t c e f f e e v it a g e n e h
T the B iritsh of ifcials ’
s t e s s a s ’ a i d n I m o r f d i a p e r e w s e ir a l a
s , and the crash o f rtadiitona lindustire s
t n e d n e p e d y ll a t o t a i d n I e d a m h c i h
.
C Objecitve soft heStudy
There are tw o objecitve sin thi sstudy to make the study developmen t
d e z i n a g r o l l e
w .Thef risti st o ifndoutt hedepicitono fKimi nt hestory andt he
s i d n o c e
s to ifnd ou tKim’ shyb ird i denttiy duet o t hemixtureoft wocutlures ,
. h s it ir B d n a a i d n I
.
D Deifniitono fTerms
r e tt e b a n i a g o t r e d r o n i d e n if e d e b o t d e e n h c i h w s m r e t l a r e v e s e r a e r e h T
g n it ir w s i h t f o g n i d n a t s r e d n
u . The fris tterm i s“imperiailsm” .The Norton e
r u t a r e ti L h s il g n E f o y g o l o h t n
A de ifnesi mpe irailsma stakingove rand t aking r o f y rt n u o c n w o r i e h t f o s e ir a d n u o b e h t e d i s t u o s e ir o ti r r e t e h t f o s e g a t n a v d a
s e v it o m f o d n i k s u o ir a
v . According to George Lichtheim , in hi s book
m s il a i r e p m
I (1971 :8) ,emprieori mpeirailsmi st heac to fdominaitngacounrty l
o rt n o c s ti r e d n u m e h t e c a l p d n a s e l p o e p r
o .
o t g n i d r o c c A . r e t c a r a h c s i m r e t d n o c e s e h
T M .H .Abram sin hi sbook A 6
s m r e T y r a r e ti L f o y r a s s o l
G thEdiiton ,character saretheperson spresented i n e
r a o h w , k r o w e v it a r r a n r o c it a m a r d
a perceivedbyt her eade ra shavingmoral ,
s g n il e e f d n a , s e d u ti tt
a which are displayed in t ri he conversaiton sand thei r
s n o it c
a (Abrams ,1999 :32- )3 . 4
s i m r e t d ri h t e h
T hyb ird i denttiy .Georg Simme ldescirbes i ta saperson
a n i s i o h
w n indeterminatestate o fwho heis .Thi sperson ha sa new i denttiy
o w t f o n o it a n i b m o c e h t f o t l u s e r e h t s i h c i h
w idenitite ,st hei denttiywhichh sei
i e h t d n a h ti w n r o
b denttiy which develop sa she grow s(Smtih and Leavy ,
6
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A Reviewo fRelatedStudies
s e i d u t s l a r e v e s e r a e r e h
T tha twli lbe discussed here .Thesestudie sare t
n i o p s u o ir a v m o r f l e v o n e h t d n a t s r e d n u o t r e d r o n i d e d e e
n o fview sandlater .l
e v o n e h t f o g n i d n a t s r e d n u e h t e t e l p m o c l li w n o
e h
T f t ristis akenf romt hes tudydonebyAlilsonCrowe .Shes tatedtha:t e h t s r e l u r s a t a h t w e i v d l e h g n il p i K d r a y d u R s a l l e w s a s n o ti r B t s o M
e l p o e p e h t e r e w y e h t tl e f y e h t t u b , y lt c e r r o c g n i h t y r e v e o d t o n d i d h s it ir B
b a p a c , r e w o p , e g d e l w o n k e h t d a h o h
w litiy ,and t herefore responsib litiy d
l u o c t a h t w a s y e h t e s o h t p l e h o
t no thelp o rprotectt hemselves( Crowe , )
2 : 8 0 0 2 .
o c n e g n il p i K , n e z it i c d e t a c i d e d a s
A uragedt hedominaiton o fBrtiain sa e
v e d
a loped counrty to “civiilze” them . Thei r lack o f development s n
i a ti r B n r e d o m e h t o t d e r a p m o
c had madeIndiaseemst obel ef tbehind and o
t d n e t e l p o e
p lookdownont hem. e w o n i a ti r B f o n o it a n i m o d e h
T d tot hef actt hatt heyoncewa sconquered n i t n e v e r o j a m a s a t s e u q n o C n a m r o N e h t d e d r a g e r g n il p i K “ . n a m r o N e h t y b
the history o f rtanslaiton impeir ie tstudii :where once the Engilsh were :r
e u q n o c y e h t w o n , d e r e u q n o
c where once the Engilsh were educated ,now (
” . e t a c u d e y e h
t Wliilams ,2008 :108) .Kip ilngf etl thatt hey,t heB iritsh ,owed y
a p e r t s u m y e h t h c i h w g n i h t e m o
s in someways t o balance t hewo lrd .Thus , y
a w e h t f o e n o s i a i d n I r e v o g n il u
l e v o n e h t n i t n e n i m o r p o s l a s i r e d n e g f o e m e h t e h
T , which ha s itckled s
c it ir c e h
t to studyKim in adeepe rground .Somehow, t het hemeo fgenderi s e
h t f o e n o s i ti e s u a c e b m s il a ir e p m i o t d e t a l e r s y a w l
a impact sofi mpe irailsm. s
e h t o t d e t a l e r e r a e v o b a s e i d u t s e s o h
T ame ltierary work bu tthey s
s u c s i
d dfiferenti ssue .sI n t hi sanalysis ,themain i ssuei sthehyb ird i denttiy l
e v o n s ’ g n il p i K d r a y d u R f o r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t s a m i K f
o Kim .None of t he e
v o b a s e i d u t
s discus shyb irdi denttiy. .
B Reviewo fRelatedTheories
e s u r e ti r w e h t , y d u t s s i h t n
I s severa ltheo ire sto develop the analysi .s e
s o h
T theo ire sare: .
1 Theoryo fCharacter
Characterr eferst o“ar easonablefacsimlieo fahumanbeing ,wtihallt he d
o o
g and bad rtati so fbeing human” (Robetr sand Jacobs ,1989 :56) .A k
r o w y r a r e ti l a n i g n i e b n a m u h a s i r e t c a r a h
c who also ha sspeech ,though t n
a dbehavio r ilket her ea lhumanbeing. .
M o t g n i d r o c c
A H .Abramsi n hi sbook A Glossaryo fLtieraryTerms, r
p n o s r e p a s i r e t c a r a h
c esented in a work and i sinterpreted by the reade r .
n o it c a d n a h c e e p s s i h h g u o r h t
a n i d e t n e s e r p s n o s r e p e h t e r a s r e t c a r a h
C dramaitc o rnarraitve work , o
h
w are interpreted by the reade r a s being endowed wtih moral , ,
l a n o it i s o p s i
d andemoitona lquailitest ha tareexpressedi nwhatt heys ay y
e h t t a h w d n
a do( 1993 :23 .)
k r o w a n i r e t c a r a h c a t a h t n i a l p x e o s l a e v o b a n o it a t o u q e h
T i s usually
. n o it a v it o m d n a , n o it c a , e u g o l a i d s i h h g u o r h t r e d a e r e h t y b d e t e r p r e t n i
n o it a v it o
r e h t o n A y b n e e S s a r e t c a r a h C . b
r e h t o f o e v it c e p s r e p e h t g n i s u y b r e t c a r a h c a e b ir c s e d n a c r o h t u a e h T
.) 2 6 1 : 2 7 9 1 ( s r e t c a r a h
c Thereade rwli lassumet hi sast herelfected i mageo f a
r a h c e h
t c te.rOthe rcharacter sgivecommen tort houghtf o ranothe rcharacte r .r
e t c a r a h c e h t f o e r o m d n a t s r e d n u l li w r e d a e r e h t e s e h t h g u o r h t d n a
h c e e p S . c
e h t n i s n o s r e p e h t f o e n o f o r e t c a r a h c e h t o t n i t h g i s n i n a s e v i g r o h t u a e h T
y a s s n o s r e p e h t t a h w h g u o r h t k o o
b s .Wheneve rapersonspeaks ,conver swtih r
e t c a r a h c r e h t o n
a ,staitnganopiniono rat hough,thei sgivingt her eaders ome .)
4 6 1 : 2 7 9 1 ( r e t c a r a h c s i h o t s e u l
c eT h reade rwli lbeable to ifgure out t he r
e t c a r a h
c ’ spoin to fviewo ropinionont hingst hroughhiss peech. e
fi L t s a P . d
r e d a e r e h t g n it t e
L learns omethingabou taperson’ spastl fiecangivet he a
h t s t n e v e o t e u l c a r e d a e
r thavehelpedt os hapeaperson’ scharacter .Thi scan ,r
o h t u a e h t y b t n e m m o c t c e ri d a y b e n o d e
b through the person’ sthoughts , through hi sconversaiton o rthrough the medium o fanothe rperson (1972:
.) 6 6
1 The character’ spas texpeirence wli lgive an addiitona lbackground .
m i h t u o b a
s r e h t O f o n o it a s r e v n o C . e
f o s n o it a s r e v n o c g n i c it o n y b r e t c a r a h c a d n a t s r e d n u n a c s r e d a e r e h T r e h t
o character sand thing sthey say abou thim o rhe r(1972 :167 .) The s i h f o e m o s e e s o t r e d a e r e h t p l e h l li w r e h t o h ti w n o it c a r e t n i s ’ r e t c a r a h c
a e b l li w e r e h t t a h t s i t c a g n it a d il a v r e h / s i h f o e m o c t u o e h T . r e h / m i h n i e d i s e r
.t n e r e f fi d y l e t e l p m o c s i h c i h w y ti t n e d i w e
n
y
H b irdtiydoe sno tcomea s irsk-freet hing .Therei salway sasideeffect a s a t i e e s y a m s n e p p a h y ti d ir b y h h c i h w n i y t e i c o s e h T . y ti d ir b y h f o
e r a r s ti o t e u d n o it c i d a rt n o
c occurrence. .
C Theoreitca lFramework
h
T efourtheo ire saboveareusedi n analyzingt het opicoft hestudyand .r
e t p a h c t s ri f e h t n i d e t a l u m r o f s m e l b o r p e h t g n ir e w s n a
m e l b o r p r e w s n a o t d e s u s i n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c d n a r e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h T
f o g n i n a e m e h t d n a t s r e d n u o t n o it a m r o f n i e h t s e d i v o r p t I . e n o r e b m u n
y n a d n a , r e t c a r a h c f o s e p y t e h t ,r e t c a r a h
c otheri ndicaitont o understandt hem c
it s ir e t c a r a h c r i e h t g n i d u l c n
i s .
t s o
P -coloniailsm and hyb ird identtiy theory are used to answe rthe m
s il a ir e p m i h s it ir B f o g n i d n a t s r e d n u e h t s e d i v o r p t I . n o it s e u q d n o c e
s andhow
y ti t n e d i d ir b y h s e s u a c t
6 1
I
I
I
R
E
T
P
A
H
C
Y
G
O
L
O
D
O
H
T
E
M
.
A Objec toft heStudy
g n il p i K d r a y d u R y b l e v o n a s i y d u t s s i h t f o t c e j b o e h
T enitltedKim .Thework
s a d e h s il b u p t s ri
f a se iral in McClure’ sMaga izne in Decembe r1900 ,then ,in d
e r a e p p a t i 1 0 9 1 r e b o t c
O a sa book form pubilshed by Macmillan & Co .In thi s
,s i s e h t e t a u d a r g r e d n
u the wrtie ruset he Reader’ sDiges tEdiiton pubilshed i n 1990
s b b o C . L n h o J y b d r o w r e tf a n a h ti
w and illusrtaiton sby Gary Aagaard .John L .
s i h r o f n w o n k s i s b b o
C works i n Owen Wister’ sbiography ,some c iritcism se say s
. s e ir a t n e m m o c d n a
l e v o n e h t , s r e d a e r e h t y b t n e m e v e i h c a r a l u p o p s ti o t e u
D wa smade ni to a
e d a m s a w m li f n o i s i v e l e t s m li F n o d n o L d n a 0 5 9 1 n i M G M y b e i v o
m in1984.I tha s
i d e s a e l e r n e e
b nDVDversion.
k o o b s i h n i t e ll a M p il li h
P RudyardKipilng :ALtieraryLfiesaidt hatt hi sbook , s e m a J y r n e H . ) 8 1 1 : 3 0 0 2 ( a i d n I t u o b a y r o t s t n a c if i n g i s t s a l s ’ g n il p i K e b o t s a w
e c i o j e r , g n il p i K y b k o o b t s e t a l e h t d e t a h y l s u o i v e r p o h
w d ta Kim ,and wroteurging
, e n e c s e l b o n g i n a e r a h c i h w , s ri a f f a c il b u p k c u h c “ o t g n il p i
K and sitck to you r
t n i a p r u o y d n a s a v n a
c -box” (2003 :117) .Edward Said ha sargued t hat Kim’ seasy
w o ll a s d e e r c d n a s e t s a c t n e r e f fi d h ti w n o it a c if it n e d
i e d Kipilng t o ‘have and enjoy
v e t a h t y a w a n i a i d n
s a w g n il p i K d r a y d u
R one of t he mos tpopula rwrtiers i n England i n t he l ate
9
1 th and ea lry 20th century .He was t he fris tEngilshman t o receive Nobe lP irze i n
s a w g n il p i K . t n e i p i c e r t s e g n u o y e h t d e n i a m e r e h y a d s i h t o t d n a ) 7 0 9 1 ( e r u t a r e ti L
u a L t e o P h s it ir B e h t r o f t u o d e d n u o
s reateshipandf o raknighthood ,bu thedecilned
.l l a m e h t
c it ir c y r a r e ti l a , r r e K s a l g u o
D , wrote ,“He i sst li lan autho rwho can i nsprie
t n e m e e r g a s i d e t a n o i s s a
p and hi splace in ltierary and cutlura lhistory i sfa rfrom
p o r u E e h t f o e g a e h t s a t u B . d e lt t e
s ean emprie srecedes ,he i srecognized a san
, t a h T . d e c n e ir e p x e s a w e ri p m e w o h f o r e t e r p r e t n i , l a i s r e v o rt n o c f i , e l b a r a p m o c n i
e c r o f a m i h e k a m , s tf i g e v it a r r a n y r a n i d r o a rt x e s i h f o n o it i n g o c e r g n i s a e r c n i n a d n a
d e n o k c e r e b o
t wtih.( Kerr ,2006) e
t l e v o n e h
T ll sa story abou taboy named Kim duirngB iritsh i mpe irailsm i n
e H . a i d n
I madeaj ourneywtihaTibetanLamahemeti nf ron tof t he museum ,who
w o r r A e h t f o r e v i R e h t r o f g n i k o o l s a
w .Thi sRive rof t he Arrow was supposed t o
e h t e r e h w e c a l p e h t e
b arrow t ha tBuddha t hrewf ellt o,i tcouldwashawayal lsin s
e e r f d n
a et h humans fromt heWhee lo fLfie.
s a w m i
K fascinatedbyt heLama’ss torybecauset heys hared as imlia rmagica l
e r e h T . t s e u
q wa salso a prophecy abou thim which said tha the would mee ta red
ll u
b in a green ifeld, and he fel tconnected t o t he Old Lama .Kim learne d that t he
c s i h t s o l t s u j d a h a m a
L hela ( pupi)l ,andsince heseemed tobe unablet of uflli lhi s
d e e n n w
m i
K aw san orphan, thu she though ttha taccompanying a Lama through a
d l u o w d n a l e h t d n u o r a e g a m ir g li
p b irnghimsomenewknowledgeandexpe irences .
s e d i s e
B payingsomeservicesf ort heLama ,Kim whoalsoacteda sa spyundert he
o e c n a d i u
g fahorse rtader ,MahbubAil ,could uset heplig irmagea sadisguise .Kim
o g y li s a e d l u o
c to place swtihou tatrtacitng many suspicions .A ttha t itme ,i ti s
n o m m o
c tha tpeopledopligirmageal lacrosst hel andt o ifndenilghtenmen.t
tr a t s , a m a L e h t d n a m i K , r e h t e g o
T e d thei rjourney to ifnd thei rindividua l
e s i m o r p m i K . t s e u
q d to assist t he Lama t o ifnd hi sRiver, da n in return the Lama
d e t s i s s
a Kim to ifnd the red bul lin the green ifeld .Atlhough Kim respected and
d e tr a t
s togrowf ondoft he l ama ,Kim nevert old t heLamat ha theworked aa s spy
r a e p p a s i d s e m it e m o s e h e r e h w r
o e ddu irngt heri res titmei nthej ourney .
m i
K someitmes l e tft heLama whenhehad aspyingj ob t odo .Beforehel e tf ,
e d a m e
h sure tha tthe Lama wa swel ltaken care of .The Lama usually lef tto
p e e l s r o e t a ti d e
m a tfer he took hi smeal ,which made him unaware o fKim’ s
. e c n e s b a
m i K e c n
O ’ sprophecy abou tthe red bul lwa sful iflled ,Kim wa ssen tto a
o t l o o h c
s pursue hi seducaitona sa whtie man .He hadt o be pa tred wtiht he Lama
n ir u
d g hi sschoo l itme .Atlhough i twa shard rfo theLama t o eb separated f romhi s
d e t s i s n i e h , a l e h
c tha tKimgett hebes teducaitonprovidedf o rawhtiemani nI ndia .
n o it a c u d e t s e b e h t r o
F fo rhi sbelovedchela ,het houghtt hati twa sapprop iratet ha t
r o f d i a p e
n i a t n i a m o t r e d r o n
I the statu squo ,the authortiy mus tunderstand the subjec to f t s e b e h t s i h c a o r p p a l a i n o l o c t s o p e h T . s e r u tl u c f o g n i d n e l b e h t h g u o r h t y ti r o h t u a
y h s t c e n n o c t i e s u a c e b s i s y l a n a e h t n i d e il p p a e b o t h c a o r p p
a b ird identtiy and ti s
. d n u o r g k c a b
.
C Methodoft heStudy
s e s u y d u t s s i h
T ilbrary research method and interne tresearch method .The
s e k a t r e ti r
w thedataf romt he ilbraryandt he i nternet, eth ncombine t hemt ogett he
y r a s s e c e
n informaiton .
e c r u o s y r a m ir p e h
T i sthe nove lKim by Rudyard Kipilng (Reader’ sDiges t n
o it i d
E , 1990 )wtih an a tferword by John L .Cobb sand illusrtaiton sby Gary
d r a a g a
A .Thesecondary source sa rearitcle ,s r eference books ,undergraduate t hesi s
s s u c s i
d i ngKipilng’ snovelandt het heo iresneededt oanalyzei .t
k r o w e h t g n i z y l a n a n i n e k a t e r u d e c o r p e h
T i sby fris treading and re-reading
m i
K in orde rto ge ta be tte runderstanding on the conten to fthe novel .A tfe rthe n
a t s r e d n u r e ti r
w ds the novel ,the second step t o t ake i s t o formulate the problems ,
d ri h t e h t d n
a stepi st ocollectthedatar elatedt ot hisr esearch ,whliethef ou trhi s to
e z y l a n
a .ti
p e t s t x e n e h
T is toapplyt het heo iresandt heapproacht oanswert heproblem s
t s ri f e h T . n o it a l u m r o
f is by using the theory o fcharacte rand characte irza iton to
c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t e n i m r e t e
d s oft he character .The secondi sbyapplyingt he t heory
f
o p -ost coloniailsm and t heory o fhyb ird i denttiy to ifnd out t he hyb ird i denttiy i n
e h t a h t g i w t a n o g n i w e h c , e n o y n a n a h t d e ti c x e e r o m d n a e k a w a e r o m , ti f o
t h g ir d e w o r r o b e h r o f ; h s u r b h t o o t a s a e s u y lt n e s e r p d l u o
w - and le tf
-o s m o t s u c e h t ll a m o r f y l d e d n a
h f t he counrty he knew and l oved (Kipilng , )
8 7 : 0 9 9
1 .
g n ir u D . d n a l l a r u tl u c it l u m a s i a i d n
I theB iritshsetltemen,tt hereareva irou s
d n i
k ,o fpeoplecoming across t he counrty .Besides the l oca lpeopleof I ndia and
h s it ir B e h
t men ,othe rpeople from t he neighbo irng count ire salso come t o visi t
India .Thisi sbecauseI ndia hadmany sacredplace swhichatrtacte d peoplet o do
r e v i R a g n u G e h t s a h c u s , e g a m ir g li
p which wa ssaid t obeable t owash awayt he
s s e n k c i s r o s n i
s , andKapliavastu, thebi trhplaceo fBuddha .
m i
K wa san I irsh boy who grew up i n India. eT h Europeans who ilved in
d e ll a c e r a a i d n
I “sahib”. Hi sparents w ereal ldead, da n theyl e tf himaloneint he
t p e k o h w n a m o w a f o e r a
c asecondhand f urntiure shopint he market .Kim loved
h , s u h T . y ti c e h t n i s e c a l p d n u o r a o g o
t i scomplexion aw s no treally whtie but
t n r u
b blacka sanyl oca lpeopleofI ndia.
m i K r o f n o it a c if it s u j e m o s s a w e r e h
T – he had kickedLala Dinanath’ sboy s
n o i n n u rt e h t f f
o – since the Engilsh held Punjab and Kim wa sEngilsh . h
g u o h t ; e v it a n y n a s a k c a l b d e n r u b s a w e h h g u o h
T he spoket he vernacula r ; g n o s g n i s n i a tr e c n u d e p p il c a n i e u g n o t r e h t o m s i h d n a , e c n e r e f e r p y b
e h t f o s y o b l l a m s e h t h ti w y ti l a u q e t c e f r e p f o s m r e t n o d e tr o s n o c e h h g u o h t
e ti h w s a w m i K ; r a a z a
b – a poo rwhtie of t he very poorest .(Kipilng ,1990 : )
9 .
p a s
A oo rkid ,Kim used t o beg fo rfood i n t he marke tstalls .The woman
k o o t o h
w care o fhim i saddictedt osmokingopium whichsomeitmescaused rh e
o
t forget t o provide food i n t he house ,so Kim would ask for food t o t he people
o h
byeaitngmea,tt hu sKimaskedthemanwhoses onhecuredinf ron toft het emple
m i h g n ir b o
t allt he deilciousf ood swhich wereno tprovidedi nt he t empleas t he
. e r u c e h t f o t n e m y a
p A tfe rhehadeaten et h mea,thi shunge rdisappeare . d
L e h
T a ma whom Kim followed wa sa spritiual man from Tibet .The lama
a
w son a journey to ifnd the “Rive ro fRevelaiton” . K im found the Lama
interesitngandseeingt hatt heLamawasi ncapableoft akingcareo fhimsefl ,Kim
a s a f l e s m i h d e r e f f
o chela(disciple)toassis tdu irngthej ourney .Beforet heystar t
L e h t k o o t m i K , y e n r u o j r i e h
t ama to take shetle runde rMahbub Al’i sroof .
e v a g i l A b u b h a
M shetle randmoneyasl onga sKimwouldbewliilngt odeilve ra
. a l a b m U n i l e n o l o c h s it ir B a o t e g a s s e m c it p y r c
L e h t h ti w d e l e v a rt m i
K ama and acte d a san agen talong t he way unit lhe
a o t t n e s e b o t m i K d e t n a w t n e m i g e r e h T . t n e m i g e r s ’r e h t a f s i h y b d n u o f s a w
d n a n e r d li h c e ti h w r o f l o o h c
s be a soldie rjus t ilke hi sfather .The Lama ,who
w e r
g fondo fKimbecausehet houghttha tKimwa sdesitnedt ohelphim ifndhi s
d e e r g a s i d , n o it a l e v e
r wtih t he regimen tand i nsiste d tha tKim b e sent t o the bes t
d e h s i w e H . y l n o l o o h c
s to pay for t he t uiiton as l ong a sKim i ssent to t he bes t
. a i d n I n i s i e r e h t l o o h c s
n e h t m i
K attended St .Xavie rin Lucknow to learn t hing swhich would be
d e t n a w e h d l u o h s l u f e s
u toi nvolve i nt he governmen to rspying. Kimstudied the
. s g n i h t r e h t o d n a , s c it a m e h t a m , h s il g n E n i e ti r w o t w o h d n a e g a u g n a
l tI t urned
t o g e h r o f d n i m t n a il li r b a d a h m i K t a h t t u
r o f e d u ti t p a t a e r g a d e w o h s e h t a h t s k o o b e m a s e h t n i d e d r o c e r r e h tr u f s i tI
( e z ir p a y a w a d e ir r a c d n a , g n i k a m p a m s a l l e w s a s e i d u t s l a c it a m e h t a
m The
e c n e r w a L d r o L f o e fi
L , rtee cafl ,two vol .s ,nine rupee seigh tannas )fo r e
r e h t y c n e i c if o r
p in ;andt hesamet ermplayed i nSt .Xavier’ selevenagains t n
i e b e g a s i h , e g e ll o C n a d e m m a h o M r u h g y ll A e h
t g fou treen year sand ten s
h t n o
m (Kipilng ,1990 :169).
i K r e tf
A m i sou to fschool ,hi sfuture was t hen discussed by t he playe ro f
e r G e h
T a tGame .Kimwas t oserve t he governmen ta sasc irbewhosej obwoukd
e
b tomake map sand r epor tall t hingst ha thappening int he l and .Thisj ob would
o s l
a enable himt o ac ta sanundercove ragent .Att he age o fseventeen ,Kim wa s
e h o S . e m a g e h t o t w e
n assiste d the othe ragentst o gett he necessary i nformaiton
.t n e m n r e v o g e h t r o f
a w m i
K saboywtihpecuilarl fieandaciton .Hedidnotl eadal fie ilkeothe r
e H . e g a s i h t a d li h c y r a n i d r
o wa schlidish ,bu tsome itme she could ac twisely ,
g n i d n e p e
d onhisi nterest .Herearesomeo fhi srtati sa sawhtieboy ilvesi nI ndia.
.
1 AnOpportunist
w e r g m i
K upa sapoo rboy .Someitmest hehousehe ilvedi ndidno tprovide
d o o
f , forcingKim t ogo out t oea twtihhisf irends .Thi seconomiccondiiton set s
e h e c n a h c y r e v e e t a l u p i n a m o t m i
K g etswheni tcomest odeal wtihmoney .Like
a w e h n e h
w si ncharget obuy rtain itcketsf o rhimandt heLama ,het ooksomeo f
L e h
t ama’ smoneyf o rhimsel .f
e h t f o e c ir p e h t f o e e p u r h c a e n i a n n a e n o y l n o g n i p e e k , y e n o m e h t n r u t e r e H
o c s i h s a t e k c it a ll a b m
U mmission – the immemo ira lcommission o fAsia .)
a s e ir a l u b a c o v e h t d e r e t s a m e H . r o t c a t a e r g a s i m i
K ndexpressionst oatrtac t
e h
t sympathy o fother .Kim could easliy pretend t o be so miserable t ha tpeople
d l u o
w fall t optiy him and give him wha the need .Kim wa salso stubborn when
e
h hadarleady sethi seyest oge twha thewante .d Thi si sprobablysomething he
. y l e e r f d n u o r a m a o r d l u o c e h e r e h w , r a a z a b e h t n i s k l a t s ’ e l p o e p m o r f d e n r a e l d a h
d e s u m i
K hi scharm sno tonly t o t he common women he met at t he rtain .
a w o h w , u l u K f o n a m o W e h
T sa widow o fa r espectable irch f amliy ,also f ell t o
i K . s k l a t t e e w s s i
h m noitced that t here wa sa group o fplig irmage resitng at t he
w e n k e H . d a o r e h t f o e d i
s tha tonlyold woman o fa highstatu swho would do a
.t i tf il d n a d r a u g o t n e m l a r e v e s h ti w t r a c a n i e g a m ir g li p
t p r a h s y r e v a s a h y ll a u s u n a m o w f o d n i k r a l u c it r a p s i h
T ongue and desrie s
o s d n a r g y n a
m nsi nherf amliy ilne .Kimplayedthese rtatist ohi sadvantaget oge t
L e h t d n a s i
h ama’ sdinne rguaranteed ,atl eastf ort henigh.t
l li w e h s p a h r e p n e t a e s a h e h n e h W . e l p i c s i d s ’ e n O y l o H e h t t u b m a I “
” . e m o c
d n a n i a ll i v , h O
“ shameles srogue!” The jeweled fore ifnge rshook tisel fa t .
e l k c u h c s ’ y d a l d l o e h t r a e h d l u o c e h t u b ; y l g n i v o r p e r m i h
l a it n e d if n o c d n a g n i s s e r a c t s o m s i h o t n i g n i p p o r d , d i a s e h ” ? ti s i t a h w , y a N “
e n o
t – theone ,hewel lknew,t hatf ewcouldr esist .“I s– si thereanyneedo f ?
y li m a f y h t n i n o s
a Speakf reely,f o rwep irests– ”(Kipilng ,1990 :74)
d e t n i o p e
H driecltya twhatt he woman’ sdesrie smost .Nowoman candeny
n i t n a d n e c s e d e l a m r e h t o n
a the f amliy . tIi sconsidered anhonor t obe blessed by
s e l a m y n a
m int hef amliy rtee.
L a g n i m o c e
B a ’ ema ch laha sti sadvantages .Kimknewt ha thehaddonehi s
t h g ir b o
o h c e e p
s ft heWomano fKulu ,he r ea ilzedtha teverythingwli lbeprovided f o ra s
e i n a p m o c c a a m a L e h t d n a e h s a g n o
l d heri nt hej ourney.
d o o f t u o b a y r r o w o t d e e n o n s a w e r e h
T – no need t ospenda cow ire at t he g n o rt s a y b d e x e n n a n a m y l o h a f o e l p i c s i d e h t s a w e H . s ll a t s d e d w o r
c
-, m e h t r o f d e r a p e r p e b d l u o w s g n i h t ll A . y d a l d l o d e ll i
w andwhent heywere d
e ti v n i y ll u ft c e p s e
r sot odot heywoulds i tandeat(Kipilng ,1990 :78).
a w m i
K sthe apprenitce o fa spy who worked fo rthe B ir itsh government .
a w , e fi l y li a d n i ,i l A b u b h a
M s a well-known horse rtade rwho wa srespected by
h tl A . e l p o e
p oughMahbubAl iwa sas enio rwhlieKimwa saj unior ,Kims itllt ook
e h t a h t s e t a t s m i K . m i h r e v o e g a t n a v d
a wouldalways t ell t he rtuth ,bu the asked
e h s w e n e h t r o f n o it a s n e p m o c a r o
f wast o convey .“Eigh tannas ,and Iwillt el,l”
t t I “ . g n i n n ir g , m i K d i a
s ouche sthy peace.” And then Mahbub answered ,“O
u b h a M ” ! n a ti a h
S bgavet hemoney(Kipilng ,1990 :149).
tr o p p o n e h
W untiy comes ,Kim promp lty grasped ti .He showed no fear t o
e v a h y e h t e s u a c e b i l A b u b h a
M close relaitonship .Mahbub Al ihad been ilke a
r e h t a
f to Kim, and thu sformaltiy between them wa sno tnecessary .Kim could
g n il e e f d r a h y n a t u o h ti w m i h r e v o e g a t n a v d a e k a
t a s MahbubAl ihadunderstood
d e v o l m i K t a h
t toplaygame.
.
2 Superior
d n I n i e ti h w g n i e
B ia du irng B iritsh i nvasion made Kim feel t ha the had a
e r a p m o c y ti r o ir e p u
s dt ot he na itves .Kimt houghttha tbeingwhtiemean sahighe r
h s it ir B e h t e c n i s s u t a t s l a i c o
s ha spowe rove rofI ndia .He didno tsee i ta sacase
g n a s m i K . a e r a l a t s a o
c abou thowtheB iritsht akeovert hel andandsen taway the
n a i d n
I fromt hei rownl and .Heusedthesonga sananswert ot hecryo fpleaf rom
.s d n e ir f s i h
.
3 Heroic
w e r g m i
K up i nt hesrteet so fIndia .Sincet hewomanwhot ookcare o fhim
d e k r o
w a sa selleri n t hemarket ,she didno thave much itme t ospend wtihKim .
t e l e h
S Kim wande irngaroundt he ctiyas l ong a she could take care o fhimsefl .
g n il l e v a rt f o t i b a h s i h
T fromoneplacet oanothe rmadeKimf amiila rwtihal lkind
w e n k e H . e l p o e p f
o howt odisitnguishpeople ,whethert heyw eregoodo revli ,so
e
h couldprotecthimseflf rom rtouble .
L e h
T ama ,beingoldandi nnocent ,wouldbeaneasyt argetf o rbadpeoplet o
. m o r f e g a t n a v d a e k a
t Whlie rtavelilngwtih t heLama ,hebeca me moreprotecitve
o t d a h o s l a e h e s u a c e
b protectt heLamabesides himsefl .
l l A “ . a m a l e h t o t y li r r e m d e ir c e h ” ? I s a e l p i c s i d a h c u s r e v e e r e h t s a W “
e r o h a L f o e li m n e t n i h ti w s e n o b y h t d e k c i p e v a h d l u o w h tr a
e ctiy i f Ihad
e e h t d e d r a u g t o
n ”( Kipilng ,1990 :67).
d n a m i K n e h w e m it e n o s a w e r e h
T the Lama spent the nigh ta ta village ,
d e r e f f o r e i d l o s d l o n a e r e h
w a l odging i nhi shousebutt he p iresti nsistedthat t he
Lama should spend the nigh ta tthe temple .Kim became aware tha tthe p ires t
d e t n a
w to steal t hei rmoney .So ,Kim l ett he Lama t o sleep i nt he t emple, bu the
d a h y lt s ri
f handovert hemoneyf ors afekeeping .
e h t o t n i f f o n a m d l o e h t g n i n o k c e b , d e r e p s i h w e h ” ? y e n o m e h t s i e r e h W “
.s s e n k r a d
t o g d n a n w o t d n u o r a d e r e d n a
w a taste o fopium from the woman who kep ta
o c e
s ndhand furntiure shop . He fell into addiciton , smoking opium in hi s
n o i s s e r p e
d ,anddieda sapoo rwhtieman .
e tf
A rMr .O’Hara died, t he woman who guarde d the secondhand furntiure
p o h
s in t he marke ttook care o fKimandpretended to whoeve raski ng he rabou t
h
t eboyi nhe rcaret hats hewast hes iste ro fKim’ smothe .rThi swomandid tno in
lr e p o r p m i K f o e r a c e k a t t c a
f y;s hewa salsoaddictedt oopiumandf orgott hats he
d a
h achlidt owatchover .Kim ,whogrewupa sani ndependen tchlid ,preferred to
.s d n e ir f s i h h ti w t e e rt s e h t n i t a e d n a s ll a t s t e k r a m e h t n i d o o f r o f g e b
e h
T fact t ha tKimwa sawhtieboy raisedbya naitve womanofI ndia made
, y ti t n e d i d e x i m a e c n e ir e p x e m i
h a sW liilam Edward Burghard tDuBoi sstated
o h w e l p o e p t a h
t ea r involved in the mixture o ftwo cutlure swli lexpe irence “a
o w t‘ f o d n i
k -ness’”ast woi denitite sblendi nonei ndividual .Kimknewverywel l
a w e h t a h
t san I irsh ,a B iritsh by blood ,bu t ti i s t he cutlure t hat i n lfuenced hi s
t o n d l u o c e H . a i d n I s i h t w o r
g eb etiher a pure B iritsh o rpure India at t he same
e m
it , andt hi scausedhimt ohaveahyb irdi denttiy .
d e t c a m i K s e m it e m o
S ilke he wa smore supe iror t han t he naitve people o f
a i d n
I , andsome othe r itme she acted ilkea rtue peopleof I ndia .Kim’ shyb irdtiy
d e y a rt r o p s
i in hi severyday l fie ilke when he i nteracted wtih other ,s through shi
,s n o it c
a theatttiudehes howed ,thel anguage sheused ,andt hewayhet hought.
.
d e w o h s m i
K two kind o fatttiude ,st he f rist i shi sa tttiude t owards the l oca l
a i d n I f o e l p o e
p , andt hesecond i shi satttiudet oward shis f ellowwhtiemen .Kim
a w e h e k il d e t c
a s a more impo tran tperson when he aw sface to face wtih the
d l u o c e H . e v it a
n casually t hrow rude words t o t he local poilceman who wa son
. y t u d
m a Z t s n i a g a s l e e h s i h d e m m u r d e h s
A -Zammah he turned now and again g
n i k s i h m o r
f - fo - et -h caslte game wtih ltilte Chota La land Abdullah the e
m t e e w
s a tseller’ sson, t o make a rude remark t o t he naitve poilceman on r
r e v o d r a u
g ow sofs hoe satt heMuseumdoor(Kip ilng ,1990 :11).
d i d m i
K no tshow pol tienes satlhough the person he addressed wtih rude
a w s d r o
w sa poilce .He fetl secure to say those thing sbecause he knew the
d l u o w e h d n a y ll a n o s r e p n a m e c il o
p no tge tany rtoublebysaying ti .Fu trhermore ,
d e k s a e c il o p e h t n e h
w Kim to help him interpre tthe talk o fa foreigner ,Kim
d e ll a c y lt n a l a h c n o
n the poilceman wtih an imprope rname. “Send him htihe ,r”
m a Z m o r f g n i p p o r d , m i K d i a
s -Zammah , lfou irshing hi sbare heels .“He i sa
o
f reigner ,andt houar tabuffalo”( Kipilng ,1990 :12).
w e n k n a m e c il o p e h
T mKi ’ shistory and i sunderstood mKi ’ s behavior tha t
d i d e
h no ttake Kim se irously .However ,Kim’ satttiude wa sdfiferen twhen he
a w m i K n e h W . n a m e ti h w w o ll e f s i h h ti w d e c a f s a
w si nt hebarracks choo lbefore
a w e
h ssent t o St .Xavier’s ,he received some unjus t rteatmen tfrom his t eache r
e w o h w s d n e ir f s i h d n
a rei nchargeo fwatchinghim .Hewa so tfenbeatenbyt hem
. n o s a e r y n a t u o h ti
w “ Iwli lwai,t”saidKim ,“butt heboy swli lbea tme”( Kipilng ,
) 8 1 1 : 0 9 9
d e w o h s m i
K fid feren tatt tiude sbecause he did no tfee lfamiila rwtih the
a w e H . l o o h c s e h t t a e l p o e
p sused t o bei ng surrounded by na itve people t ha the
d i
d no tknow how to reac tto the rteatment she received from hi sfellow whtie
e v a h y e h T . n e
m na authortiy which Kim could not deny; i fhe rea dcte rudel y to
r o m e h
t tookrevengeagains tthem ,hewouldr eceivepunishment .s
.
2 Kim’ sChoiceo fLanguage
d e s u m i
K two l anguage atlernately,t he vernacula rwhich he spoke ulf enlty
w e n k e h h c i h w h s il g n E d n
a a l tilte ,depend son whohe was t alking ot .When he
k a e n
s e dtohisf ather’sr egimen tcamp-groundandge tcaugh tbyt hechaplains ,he
e k o p
s broken Engilsh and surp irsed eth m for t hey h ad no texpec ttha ta begga r
d l u o
c speakEngilsh.
” .s r e p a p e h t e m e v i G ? t s o l ti s I . e m t i e v i g O . e m t i e v i G “
h s il g n E n i e r e w s d r o w e h
T – the itnny ,saw-cu tEngilsh of t he naitve-bred , d
e p m u j n i a l p a h c e h t d n
a (Kipilng ,1990 :90).
m i
K spoke and understoodEngilsh a l tiltebefore heenteredt he school .He
d e g n ir t
s thewordst ogethe rwtihoutt heknowledgeo fgrammar ,bu thi ssentence s
e r e
w iqute understandable .The boy who wa sin charge o fguarding him whlie
a w m i
K si nt hebarracks choolconsideredthats peakingt hevernacula rwa sas tate
d e ir t m i K . e c a r g s i d f
o hi sbes tto pretend tha the did no tspeak tha tlanguage.
” ? u o y t ’ n o d , r e g g i n a s a e m a s e h t k l a t u o Y
“ o“ -N ah !No-ah ! Ionleespeakal tilte .
) 7 0 1 : 0 9 9 1 , g n il p i K ( ” ? w o n o d e w l l a h s t a h W
e h t t
A barrackschool ,Kim hadt owea ra shi tr ,apai rof rtousers ,andboots .
a w k o o l s i
m i K d n a , r e w s n a e h t s a w ” , h s il g n E d n a t s r e d n u t o n o d I
“ shi tfed hi sspeech y
l g n i d r o c c
a (Kipilng ,1990 :152).
s e h t h g u o h tl
A choo lhad made Kimf orget t he vernacular f o ra whlie ,bu ta
d l u o c a m o r a n i a tr e
c b irnghim t o r emembe rhi shabi to fspeakingt hevernacular .
u o h e h
T seof t hesahib whereKimspenthi shoilday, was f ul loff ragrancewhich
a
w snormally found at t he t emple .After i nhailng t ha tfragrance ,Kim forgot t he
s g n i h
t related t o schoo lo rB iritsh, and he returne d to hi sold habi.t“ Iam here,”
f m i h e d a m s ll e m s e h t :r a l u c a n r e v e h t n i g n i k a e p s , t s a l t a m i K d i a
s orget t ha the
b i h a s a e b o t s a
w (Kipilng ,1990 :153).
l p m i s
A e thing which wa sclosely related to the lfie in India such a s
e c n a r g a r
f ,could irb ng back t he memo ires .Kim ,who wa sused t o wanderi ng in
y ti c e h
t and cameto contac twtiht he smel lof thet emple everyday,r emembered
o
h w he usedt o be before he enteredt he school .Tha tsmel lmade himf orget tha t
k a e p s o t d a h o h w n a m e ti h w a s a w e
h Engilsha shi smothert ongue.
.
3 Kim’ sWayo fThinking
n i g n i k a e p s s e d i s e
B two languages ,Kim also though tin two ways .He
t h g u o h
t inHind iandi nEngilsh .Therearet hing swhichcanonlybeviewedf rom
w e i v f o t n i o p b i h a s
a ,andt hereare t hing swhichwould onlymake ssensei fseen
m o r
f thepoin to fviewo fanaitveI ndian.
.i d n i H n i ,l a u s u s a , g n i k n i h t ,s u o ir u f w e r g d n a e s o n s i h d e b b u r m i K
t h g i m r a a z a b e h t m o r f r a g g e b a h ti w s i h T
“ begood ,bu t– Iam asahib and f o t n e d u t s a , e d i s e b e r o m h c u m s a e c i w t s i h c i h w d n a b i h a s a f o n o s e h t
n m a D . s ’ r e i v a X . t S f o y o b a “ , ) h s il g n E o t d e n r u t e h e r e h ( ” s s e Y . o a l k c u N
, h O . e n i h c a m g n i w e s a e k il y r e n i h c a m f o t r o s e m o s s i tI ! s e y e s ’ n a g r u L . r M
t
d l e h m i
K itght t o hi sEngilsh mind every itme he wa sfaced t o something
. l a n o it a r
ri Mahbub Al inoitced how hard i twa sto make Kim surrende rto the
n a h c n
e tm sent .He had t o force Kim t o accep t ti ; ti t ook a l ong itme before Kim
d e t p e c c a d n a n i e v a g y ll a u t n e v
e .ti
.
4 Kim’ sGesture
s i n o s r e p e h t f i e n o d y ll a r u t a n e r a h c i h w s r o i v a h e b n i a tr e c e r a e r e h T
d e t n i a u q c
a with ti i nhi sda liyl fie .Kimwa sEngilshbybi trh ,bu thi scutlure was
a w e H . a i d n
I smoref amiila rwtih t hecustomofI ndia r athert hanB iritsh ,because
a w t a h
t swha the usua llysawandi mtiated i nhi sacitoneveryday .Att hebarrack
d e y a t s e h e r e h
w wtih hi sfather’ sregiment ,he slept on t he lfoor j us t ilke he had
e n o d y ll a u s
u . Naitve f ashion ,he cu lred himsel fup on a st irpped co tand went t o
p e e l
s (Kipilng ,1990 :103-104).
d e lr u c l li t s m i K , d e b a n o t p e l s e h h g u o h tl
A pu , jus ta she hadalway sdone
n e h
w sleepingon t he lfoor .Hewa sno taccustomedt o l ayi tngsraigh ton t hebed .
t a s o s l a m i
K eil k any othe rnaitve swhen he asked a l etter-wrtier t o wrtie him a
il A b u b h a M o t r e tt e
l , when he had no tye t learn how to wrtie and read.
e b d e tt a u q s m i K y ll a c i n a h c e
M side him – squatted a sonly the naitve scan – in
t f o e ti p
s heabominablecilnging rtousers(Kipilng ,1990 :106).
s n o t i a w y e h t n e h w r i a h c a n o t i s r o s d n a t s l li w n a m e ti h w r e h t
O omething
d e r r e f e r p m i K . e n o d e b o
r e tt e
l tobe w irtten ,a tlhough hewore theclothe so fa whtieman .He alsoappiled
f o e t u l a s e h
t naitve swhenhe ifnallyr ejoinedhisl ama .
y a l p e lt ti l e h t g n it t e g r o f , m i K d i a s ” , e n O y l o H , e e h t y b e s i w e d a m s a w I “
.t S g n it t e g r o f ; d e d n e t s u
j Xavier’s ;forgetitng hi swhtie blood ;forgetitng s i h h c u o t o t , n o i h s a f n a d e m m a h o M , d e p o o t s e h s a e m a g t a e r g e h t n e v e
t e e f s ’ r e t s a
m int hedus toft heJ aint emple(Kip ilng ,1990:195).
e h t h c u o t o t n o m m o c s i
tI fee to fapersonwhoses tatusi shigher .Kimwa sa
a w e h n e h w t u b , n a m e ti h
w swtiht he Lama ,who wa sanaitve ,he consideredt he
Lama hi smaster da n tha thehadt obowbefore him .Handshake i smorecommon
n i h c u o t n a h t n e m e ti h w r o
f g feet .However ,whenKim offered hi sgrattiude t o a
o h w n a m o
w hadhelpedhim andt heLama ,hedid ti theEngilshwaybecauset he
a w n a m o
w sf amiila rwtiht hecustom.
e h , t s i a w r e h d n u o r m r a s i h g n it t u p d n a , m i K d i a s ” ? h g u o h t ,s s e u g I f i w o H “
: h s il g n E n i g n i d d a , k e e h c e h t n o r e h d e s s i
k “Thank you verree much ,my r
a e
d ”( Kipilng ,1990 :271).
ir B r o f g n i h t n o m m o c a s i k e e h c e h t n i s s i k
A itsh people .Kim fe tl that i t
a
w spropert odo tit ot hewomanwhohadhelpedhimbecausehewa sB iritshand
a w n a m o w e h
t sf amiila rwtiht hegesture .He didi twtihou tanyawkward f eeilng
i h c i h
w mpiledtha the aw salsocomfo trablewtihB iritshcutlure.
.
5 Kim’ sAciton
y b d e c n e u lf n i o s l a e r a s n o it c a s ’ m i
K hi sblood and cutlures .A ll t he t hing s
e r a d i d e
h moslty based on how i twould bene if thim from each point so fview .
d n e h
o t e lt ti
l gain from l ying t o him .Howeve ,r i n othe rchance ,Kim could ac t ilke a
. e v it a n
d l u o w t a h T . e il a m i h d l o t r e v e n d a h o h w d lr o w e h t n i l u o s e n o e h t s a w m i K
a M f i r e t c a r a h c s ’ m i K n o t o l b l a t a f a n e e b e v a
h hbubhad no tknown t hat t o ,s
s e n i s u b s ’ b u b h a M r o s d n e n w o s i h r o f , s r e h t
o Kim could ile ilke an l
a t n e ir
O (Kip ilng ,1990 :29).
b u b h a
M Al iwa salmos tilke af athert oKim .Oncehe sentKimt odeilve ra
c it p y r
c message to a colone lin Umballa ;Kim’ stask was only to de ilve rthe
h t o n d n a e g a s s e
m ing else .Neve trheless ,Kim se toff to i nves itgate more for t he
e k a
s o fhi sowncu irostiy.SwfiltyKimt ookupt hemoney ;bu ,tf o ral lhi srtaining ,
f o t r a p t s a e l e h t r e v li s n o k c e r o t h tr i b y b h g u o n e h s ir I s a w e
h anygam e(Kipilng ,
) 1 4 : 0 9 9
1 .
. d e r e v il e d s i e g a s s e m e h t r e tf a t f e l e v a h d l u o w e h , e v it a n e r u p a s a w m i K f I
; e v it a n e r u p a t o n s a w m i K , r e v e w o
H he w sa also a whtie man t ha the chose t o
e t a g it s e v n
i the message fu trhe rfo rhi sown benefti .The l ama ,a sKim’s t eache ,r
t h g u a
t Kim all t he wisdom i n hi sknowledge .He wanted Kim t o ac t irgh tb sy hi
. g n i h c a e t
l l e w s i n o it c a m o r f n i a t s b a o T
“ – exceptt oacqurieme ir.t”
s a w n o it c a m o r f n i a t s b a o t t a h t t h g u a t e r e w e w g n i n r a e L f o s e t a G e h t t A “
n A . b i h a s a g n it ti f e b n
u d Iamasahib”( Kip ilng ,1990 :216).
s n o s s e l s i h l l a t o n t a h t d n u o f ll it s e h , r e h c a e t s i h d e t c e p s e r m i K h g u o h t n e v E
y lt c e ri d e r e
w acceptable .Some o fthem were qutie dfiferen tfrom wha tSt .
t h g u a t s ’ r e i v a
X him .He t iredto ifndcountert hel ama’ swisdomwtiht he lesson s
e
