62
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Bilbow, G.T. 1996 Managing impressions in the multicultural workplace: An impression management-based model for cross-cultural discourse analysis and awareness training for the workplace. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong.
Burhan, Bungin, 2007. Penelitian Kualitatif, Jakarta: Prenada Media Group.
Darrumidi, Sukandar. 2012. Metodologi Penelitian. Yogyakarta. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Eriyanto. 2001. Analisis Wacana: Pengantar Analisis Media.Yogyakarta: LKiS Goffman, E. 1959 The presentation of self in everyday life. Garden City, New York:
Doubleday.
Sobur, Alex. 2006. Analisis teks media; suatu pengantar untuk analisis wacana, analisis semiotik, dan analisis framing. Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Sugiyono. 2008. Metode penelitian pendidikan:(pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R & D). Bandung. Alfabeta.
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Redford, M. A. 2015. The handbook of speech production. John Wiley & Sons.
Cambridge.
Wodak, R. 1996. Disorders of discourse. London: Longman.
63 Van Dijk, T. A. 1990. Social cognition and discourse. Handbook of language and social psychology, 163-183. Retrieved November 11st, 2021, from http://www.discourses.org/OldArticles/Social%20cognition%20and%20discourse.pdf
Van Dijk, T. A. 1995. Discourse, power, and access. Texts and Practices. Readings in Critical Discourse Analysis, 93–113. New York.
Van Dijk, T. A. 1993. Discourse and society vol. 4(2): 249- 283. London
Widdowson. H.G. 2007. Discourse Analysis. Oxford. Oxford University Press.
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Yourdictionary. (n.d.). Citation. In www.yourdictionary.com dictionary. Retrieved April 15th, 2021 from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/citation
64
APPENDIXES
A. Kinds of CDA Elements on Joe Biden’s Speech
NO Kinds of CDA Element
Part of kinds
CDA Element
Structure of Part CDA
Element
Utterances
1. Macrostructure Thematic Thematic 1. My fellow Americans, the people of this nation have spoken.
They have
delivered us a clear victory. A convincing victory.
A victory for
“We the People.”
2. Who doesn’t see red and blue states, but a United States.
And who will work with all my heart to win the confidence of the whole people.
For that is what America is about: The people.
65 3. I sought this
office to restore the soul of America.
To rebuild the backbone of the nation — the middle class.
To make
America
respected around the world again, and to unite us here at home.
2. Microstructure Syntaxes Persuasion 4. We must make the promise of the country real for everybody, no matter their race, their ethnicity, their faith, their identity, or their disability.
5. And I hope it can provide some comfort and solace to the
more than
230,000 families who have lost a loved one to this terrible virus this
66 year. My heart goes out to each and every one of you. Hopefully this hymn gives you solace as well.
6. Let this grim era of demonization in America begin to end, here and now.
Impression
management
7. And now the work of making this vision real is the task of our time. As I said many times before, I’m Jill’s husband. I would not be here without the love and tireless support of Jill,
67 Hunter, Ashley, all of our grandchildren
and their
spouses, and all our family. They are my heart.
Attribution
8. America has always been
shaped by
inflection points, by moments in time where we’ve made hard decisions about who we are and what we want to be.
9. Lincoln in 1860
— coming to
68 save the Union.
FDR in 1932 — promising a beleaguered country a New Deal. JFK in 1960 — pledging a New Frontier.
10. And twelve years
ago, when
Barack Obama made history, and told us,
“Yes, we can.”
We stand again at an inflection point. We have the opportunity to defeat despair and to build a
69
nation of
prosperity and purpose.
11. We can do it. I know we can.
Coherent 12. I pledge to be a
president who seeks not to divide, but to unify.
13. It’s long
overdue, and we’re reminded tonight of all those who fought so hard for so many years to
make this
happen.
14. I will spare no
effort — or commitment — to turn this pandemic
around.
70
15. The American
story is about the slow, yet steady widening of opportunity.
Pronoun 16. We have won
with the most votes ever cast for a presidential ticket in the history of this nation — 74 million.
17. I am humbled by
the trust and confidence you have placed in me.
18. She has
dedicated her life to education, but teaching isn’t just what she does — it’s who she is.
19. For America’s
educators, this is a great day:
You’re going to have one of your
71 own in the White House, and Jill is going to make a great first lady.
20. To make
progress, we
must stop
treating our opponents as our enemy.
21. I’ve lost a couple
of elections myself.
Semantic style Backgroun d
Background
22. We are not enemies. We are Americans. The Bible tells us that to everything there is a season
— a time to build, a time to reap, a time to sow. And a time
72 to heal.
23. This is the time to heal in America.
24. Now that the campaign is over, what is the people’s will?
What is our mandate? I believe it is this:
Americans have called on us to marshal the forces of decency and the forces of fairness. To marshal the forces of science and the forces of
73 hope in the great battles of our time.
Details
25. The battle to control the virus.
The battle to build prosperity.
The battle to secure your family’s health care.
The battle to achieve racial justice and root out systemic racism in this country.
26. The battle to
74 save the climate.
The battle to restore decency, defend
democracy, and give everybody in this country a fair shot.
27. I’ve always believed we can define America in one word:
Possibilities.
That in America everyone should be given the opportunity to go as far as their dreams and God- given ability will
75 take them.
You see, I believe in the possibility of this country.
28. This is a great nation.
And we are a good people.
This is the United States of America.
And there has never been anything we haven’t been able to do when we’ve done it together.
76 29. They want us to
cooperate. That’s the choice I’ll make. And I call on the Congress, Democrats, and Republicans alike, to make that choice with me.
Presuppositi
on
30. Kamala, Doug
— like it or not
— you’re family.
You’ve become honorary Bidens and there’s no way out.
31. And to those
who voted for President Trump, I understand your
77 disappointment tonight.
Stylistics style Lexical choice
Lexical choice
32. And to all those who supported us: I am proud of the campaign we built and ran. I am proud of the coalition we put together, the broadest and most diverse in history.
Democrats, Republicans and Independents.
Progressives, moderates and conservatives.
Young and old.
78 Urban, suburban and rural.
Gay, straight, transgender.
White. Latino.
Asian. Native American.
33. We cannot repair the economy, restore our vitality, or relish life’s most precious
moments —
hugging a
grandchild, birthdays, weddings,
graduations, all
79 the moments that matter most to us
— until we get this virus under control.
34. On Monday, I will name a group of leading scientists and experts as transition
advisors to help take the Biden- Harris COVID plan and convert it into an action blueprint that starts on January 20th, 2021.That plan will be built on a bedrock of
80 science. It will be constructed out of compassion, empathy, and concern.
Make no
mistake: Too many dreams
have been
deferred for too long.
Rhetoric style Rhetoric style
Hyperbole 35. It is time for our better angels to prevail.
81
Tonight, the
whole world is watching
America. I believe at our best America is a beacon for the globe.
36. It is the honor of my lifetime that so many millions of Americans have voted for this vision.
37. And I will be honored to be serving with a fantastic vice president — Kamala Harris
— who will make history as
82 the first woman, first Black woman, first woman of South Asian descent, and first daughter of immigrants ever elected to national office in this country.
Repetition
and irony
38. To lower the temperature.
To see each other again.
To listen to each other again.
To make
progress, we
must stop
treating our
83 opponents as our enemy.
39. Ahead to an America that’s freer and more just.
Ahead to an America that creates jobs with dignity and respect.
Ahead to an America that cures disease(s) like cancer and Alzheimers.
Ahead to an America that
84 never leaves anyone behind.
Ahead to an America that never gives up, never gives in.
40. A nation united.
A nation
strengthened.
A nation healed.
The United
States of
America.
85 B. Joe Biden Victory Speech
My fellow Americans, the people of this nation have spoken.
They have delivered us a clear victory. A convincing victory.
A victory for “We the People.”
We have won with the most votes ever cast for a presidential ticket in the history of this nation — 74 million.
I am humbled by the trust and confidence you have placed in me.
I pledge to be a president who seeks not to divide, but to unify.
Who doesn’t see red and blue states, but a United States.
And who will work with all my heart to win the confidence of the whole people.
For that is what America is about: The people.
And that is what our administration will be about.
I sought this office to restore the soul of America.
To rebuild the backbone of the nation — the middle class.
86 To make America respected around the world again, and to unite us here at home.
It is the honor of my lifetime that so many millions of Americans have voted for this vision.
And now the work of making this vision real is the task of our time.
As I said many times before, I’m Jill’s husband.
I would not be here without the love and tireless support of Jill, Hunter, Ashley, all of our grandchildren and their spouses, and all our family.
They are my heart.
Jill’s a mom — a military mom — and an educator.
She has dedicated her life to education, but teaching isn’t just what she does — it’s who she is. For America’s educators, this is a great day: You’re going to have one of your own in the White House, and Jill is going to make a great first lady.
And I will be honored to be serving with a fantastic vice president — Kamala Harris
— who will make history as the first woman, first Black woman, first woman of South Asian descent, and first daughter of immigrants ever elected to national office in this country.
87 It’s long overdue, and we’re reminded tonight of all those who fought so hard for so many years to make this happen. But once again, America has bent the arc of the moral universe towards justice.
Kamala, Doug — like it or not — you’re family. You’ve become honorary Bidens and there’s no way out.
To all those who volunteered, worked the polls in the middle of this pandemic, local election officials — you deserve a special thanks from this nation.
To my campaign team, and all the volunteers, to all those who gave so much of themselves to make this moment possible, I owe you everything.
And to all those who supported us: I am proud of the campaign we built and ran. I am proud of the coalition we put together, the broadest and most diverse in history.
Democrats, Republicans and Independents.
Progressives, moderates and conservatives.
Young and old.
Urban, suburban and rural.
Gay, straight, transgender.
White. Latino. Asian. Native American.
88 And especially for those moments when this campaign was at its lowest — the African American community stood up again for me. They always have my back, and I’ll have yours.
I said from the outset I wanted a campaign that represented America, and I think we did that. Now that’s what I want the administration to look like.
And to those who voted for President Trump, I understand your disappointment tonight.
I’ve lost a couple of elections myself.
But now, let’s give each other a chance.
It’s time to put away the harsh rhetoric.
To lower the temperature.
To see each other again.
To listen to each other again.
To make progress, we must stop treating our opponents as our enemy.
We are not enemies. We are Americans.
The Bible tells us that to everything there is a season — a time to build, a time to reap, a time to sow. And a time to heal.
89 This is the time to heal in America.
Now that the campaign is over, what is the people’s will? What is our mandate?
I believe it is this: Americans have called on us to marshal the forces of decency and the forces of fairness. To marshal the forces of science and the forces of hope in the great battles of our time.
The battle to control the virus.
The battle to build prosperity.
The battle to secure your family’s health care.
The battle to achieve racial justice and root out systemic racism in this country.
The battle to save the climate.
The battle to restore decency, defend democracy, and give everybody in this country a fair shot.
Our work begins with getting COVID under control.
We cannot repair the economy, restore our vitality, or relish life’s most precious moments — hugging a grandchild, birthdays, weddings, graduations, all the moments that matter most to us — until we get this virus under control.
90 On Monday, I will name a group of leading scientists and experts as transition advisors to help take the Biden-Harris COVID plan and convert it into an action blueprint that starts on January 20th, 2021.
That plan will be built on a bedrock of science. It will be constructed out of compassion, empathy, and concern.
I will spare no effort — or commitment — to turn this pandemic around.
I ran as a proud Democrat. I will now be an American president. I will work as hard for those who didn’t vote for me as (for) those who did.
Let this grim era of demonization in America begin to end, here and now.
The refusal of Democrats and Republicans to cooperate with one another is not due to some mysterious force beyond our control.
It’s a decision. It’s a choice we make.
And if we can decide not to cooperate, then we can decide to cooperate. And I believe that this is part of the mandate from the American people. They want us to cooperate.
That’s the choice I’ll make. And I call on the Congress, Democrats and Republicans alike, to make that choice with me.
The American story is about the slow, yet steady widening of opportunity.
91 Make no mistake: Too many dreams have been deferred for too long.
We must make the promise of the country real for everybody, no matter their race, their ethnicity, their faith, their identity, or their disability.
America has always been shaped by inflection points, by moments in time where we’ve made hard decisions about who we are and what we want to be.
Lincoln in 1860 — coming to save the Union.
FDR in 1932 — promising a beleaguered country a New Deal.
JFK in 1960 — pledging a New Frontier.
And twelve years ago, when Barack Obama made history, and told us, “Yes, we can.”
We stand again at an inflection point.
We have the opportunity to defeat despair and to build a nation of prosperity and purpose.
We can do it. I know we can.
I’ve long talked about the battle for the soul of America.
We must restore the soul of America.
92 Our nation is shaped by the constant battle between our better angels and our darkest impulses.
It is time for our better angels to prevail.
Tonight, the whole world is watching America. I believe at our best America is a beacon for the globe.
And we lead not by the example of our power, but by the power of our example.
I’ve always believed we can define America in one word: Possibilities.
That in America everyone should be given the opportunity to go as far as their dreams and God-given ability will take them.
You see, I believe in the possibility of this country.
We’re always looking ahead.
Ahead to an America that’s freer and more just.
Ahead to an America that creates jobs with dignity and respect.
Ahead to an America that cures disease(s) like cancer and Alzheimers.
Ahead to an America that never leaves anyone behind.
Ahead to an America that never gives up, never gives in.
93 This is a great nation.
And we are a good people.
This is the United States of America.
And there has never been anything we haven’t been able to do when we’ve done it together.
In the last days of the campaign, I’ve been thinking about a hymn that means a lot to me and to my family, particularly my deceased son Beau. It captures the faith that sustains me and which I believe sustains America.
And I hope it can provide some comfort and solace to the more than 230,000 families who have lost a loved one to this terrible virus this year. My heart goes out to each and every one of you. Hopefully this hymn gives you solace as well.
'And He will raise you up on eagle’s wings,
Bear you on the breath of dawn,
Make you to shine like the sun,
And hold you in the palm of His Hand.'
And now, together — on eagle’s wings — we embark on the work that God and history have called upon us to do.
94 With full hearts and steady hands, with faith in America and in each other, with a love of country and a thirst for justice, let us be the nation that we know we can be.
A nation united.
A nation strengthened.
A nation healed.
The United States of America.
God bless you.
And may God protect our troops.