Patterns of Word Formations in Comic Series Issued in The Jakarta Post

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PATTERNS OF WORD FORMATIONS IN COMIC SERIES ISSUED IN THE JAKARTA POST

THESIS

By:

Asrotul Ifafa (03320007)

ENGLISH LETTERS AND LANGUAGE DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF HUMANITIES AND CULTURE THE STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF MALANG

2007

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PATTERNS OF WORD FORMATIONS IN COMIC SERIES ISSUED IN THE JAKARTA POST

THESIS

Presented to Faculty of Humanities and Culture In partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of

SARJANA SOSIAL

Advisor:

Sakban Rosidi, Drs. S.Pd. M.Si.

By:

Asrotul Ifafa (03320007)

ENGLISH LETTERS AND LANGUAGE DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF HUMANITIES AND CULTURE THE STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF MALANG

2007

APPROVAL SHEET

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This is to certify that Sarjana’s thesis of Patterns of Word Formations in Comic Series Issued in the Jakarta Post, written by Asrotul Ifafa (03320007) has been approved by the advisor for further approval by the board of examiners.

Malang, October 4, 2007

Approved by, Acknowledged by,

Advisor The Head of English Letters

and Language Department

Sakban Rosidi Drs.SPd.MSi Dra.Hj. Syafiyah, MA NIP. 150 246 406

The Dean of Faculty of Humanities and Culture

Drs. H. Dimjati Ahmadin, M.Pd.

NIP. 150 035 072

LEGITIMATION SHEET

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This is to certify that Sarjana’s Thesis of Patterns of Word Formations in Comic Series Issues in the Jakarta Post, written by Asrotul Ifafa (03320007) has been approved by the Board of Examiners as the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters and Language Department, Faculty of Humanities and Culture at the State Islamic University of Malang.

The Board Examiners Signature

1. Dimjati Ahmadin, H. Drs. M.Pd.(Main Examiner)

NIP: 150 035 072

2. Nur Salam, Drs. M.Hum. (Chairman)

NIP: 131 602 091

3. Sakban Rosidi Drs.S.Pd.M.Si (Advisor)

Approved by,

The Dean of Faculty Humanities and Culture

Drs. H. Dimjati Ahmadin, M.Pd.

NIP. 150 035 072

MOTTO

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A picture is worth thousand of words

Words make division, pictures make connection

Otto Neurath

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DEDICATION

This work is proudly dedicated to my beloved father and mother for their endless love and affection, my beloved sisters and brother for their motivation and support, my special one for his love and support. All my friends; English Letters and Language Department, Simfoni Fm UIN Malang Community, “Melati”

Boarding House.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Praise to be Allah, the Lord of the universe, the beneficent, the merciful who has given the inspirations and ideas to the writer, so that she can finish this study successfully. Sholawat and salam always be praised to Prophet Muhamad SAW who has shown us the truth of Islam as our religion. This study is intended to fulfill the requirement for achieving the degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters and Language Department at The State Islamic University of Malang.

The writer realizes that success of constructing this study is not a part from other’s help. So she would like to express her deepest gratitude to her advisor Sakban Rosidi, Drs., S.Pd., M.Si, to his valuable guidance, help, support, correction, and criticism for the draft of this study. Without his help, the success of completing this study is supposed to be impossible.

She is also to and wants to express her sincerely thanks to:

1.Prof. Dr. H. Imam Suprayogo, the Rector of UIN Malang, who allows her to study in the university.

2. Drs. Dimjati Akhmadin, the Dean of Culture and Humanities Faculty

3. All of the lecturers who have guided her during the period of her study at The State Islamic University of Malang

4. Her beloved father and mother for their endless great love, care, pray and who have given motivation both materials and spirituals for her study.

5. Her beloved all of friend who always gives her love, motivation and support.

The writer realizes that this study is not perfect. Therefore she hopes some criticism and suggestion.

Malang, October 5, 2007

(The Writer)

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the background of the study, the statement of the problems, objective of the study, significance of the study, and the definiton of the key terms are discussed.

1.1 Background of Study

Usually every one has a certain hobby, such as cooking, swimming and reading.

Reading is one of hobby if the activity is done due to its exciting aspect. Reading it is just not read a book. But today the comic hobbyist are very phenomena in our society. We can found it in magazine, newspaper and also comic books.

Comic strips are found in daily newspapers worldwide. It is a short strip or sequence of drawings, telling a story, drawn by a cartoonist, they usually communicate reader via speech to the balloons.¹Comic strip is a pictorial and literary art (even if, generally speaking a low brow one). It has simple lines; often draftsmanship is poor, esthetically pleasing solutions, printed on cheap paper, glanced at momentarily.

Furthermore, it has two-dimensional product which depend upon the liniear progression of ideas, embodied in symbolic caricatures or cartoon and setting to relate messages.² Comic strip requires much faceted analysis that is interesting to investigate because it has some aspects. Firstly, social relevance, comic strip performs logical and credible

explanation of popular culture products as a whole and popular story formulas in particular that provides profound insight into the myth process of constructing social relatives for he group and individual alike also reflects changes in sociopolitical thought,

1http://bigpedia.com/encyclopedia/comic_strips.Online.www.google.com.

2(http://wikipedia.com.comicstripanalysis.Online.yahoo.com.

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history and elaborate ritual. Secondly, the visual aspects that use as medium for the character move and speak within a realistic begin before and carry past the action

depicted, establishing “reality” perpetually. Thirdly, comic strips are virtually all pictures.

It may touch with the powerful source of learning and gratification because pictures may trigger huge associate pathways to memory, experiences,pleasure that predate verbal equivalent.³

In this research, the Jakarta Post is used as the subject of the research that will be specified on comic strips. The Jakarta Post is the first Indonesia newspaper which is written in English. In 1991, The Jakarta Post received two the International Newspaper Marketing Association-Editor and Publisher Awards and two more in 1993. In 1994, the Jakarta Post again received the similar award, winning firstplace among newspapers with circulations under 50.000 copies daily in the categoryof public relations printed materials.

This award was accompanied by another certificate of merit for the same category. This paper is the first and so far the only Indonesian newspaper thus International

acknowledge.⁴

In 1994, the Jakarta Post became the first Indonesian newspaper to go global under a project nick named “Go International”. The “Go International ” project is a direct response to the Post’s mission to bring forward an Indonesian perspective on National Global Issues amid the deluge of Western view spoints dominating the global flow of information.⁵

In this study, the Jakarta Post is as object of the research specified on its comic strips in art column. There are several comic strips in Jakarta Post newspaper such as

3(http://wikipedia.com.comicstripanalysis.Online.www.yahoo.com.

4(www.TheJakartaPost.com).

5www.TheJakartaPost.com).

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Peanut, Garfield, Rose is Rose, Born Loser and Ferd’nand. Based on the phenomena above, this research focuses on word-formation. This focus is chosen, since there have not any reseachers who have investigated the comic strips of the Jakarta Post that are published on December 2003.

Furthermore, this research has a relation to the previous researches on the same field. For instance, Henry Bradley (1966) on his research “Word-Making in English”. He said that there are three possible ways in which a new word can be made. They are composition, derivation and root creation. And also Jario Paramma (1999) on his thesis :

An analysis on word-formation of spoken Indonesian Language by Chinese Retailers at Pasar Besar Malang. Based on the explanation above, the writer will consist in her research by the title “Patterns of Word-Formatios in Comic Series Issued in The Jakarta Post ”.

1.2 Problem Statement

Based on the description of the background of the study above, this study is conducted to find out the answer of some problems, generally ; what kinds of word formation are used in the comic of The Jakarta Post. This general problem is divided into two specific problems as follows:

1.2.1 What word formation is mostly used in the comic of the Jakarta Post?

1.2.2 What the special type of word formation process used in comic series?

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1.3 Objective of the Study

Concerning the problems mentioned above, the general objective of this study is to identify the kinds of morphological process in the comic of the Jakarta Post.

Specifically, the objectives of this research is as follows:

1.3.1 To describe the word formation process that is mostly used in the comic of the jakarta post.

1.3.2 To identify the special type of word formation process used in the comic of the Jakarta Post.

1.4 Significance of the Study

This study is expected to give theoretical and practical contribution to

morphology. Theoretically , most of the study about word formation without picture such as comic strip and they have limitedness. Word formation on comic will over new insight in morphology. Practically, will be useful for the comic hobbyist or readers to develop technicall skill in understanding the message of the impolite in comic. It is estimated that there are so many the comic readers. Also it is very important for any researcher in the same field in helping them analyze the morphology in written text.

The principle of sampling used in this research is actually the theoreticall one. It means that the researcher in deciding studied cases is guided by the theoreticall interest.

The focus of interest of the study is to discover the word-formation process used in comic. That is why the researcher study the cases one by one so that she reaches all condition in which there is no new type of word-formation process. Thus, the researcher

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stop the process of adding new cases if the activities does not add new type of word- formation process.

1.5 Definition of the Key Term

There are some technical terms which are used intensively in this thesis. They are defined as follows:

1.6.1. Comic strips refers to Peanut, Rose is rose, The Born loser, Ferd’nand, Garfield that all are issued in the Jakarta Post Newspaper.

1.6.2. Jakarta Post refers to Indonesian daily newspaper that is published in English.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Comic as a special type of communication

Generally, there are two kinds of communication, those are: verbal

communication and nonverbal communication. The most significant and elusive element of comic encapsulation is the unique blend of words and pictures that must occur for the medium to communicate successfully. Comics strip as part of comic book has a special type of communication. Randy Duncan, Professor of communication says that “ Comics are a unique and powerful form communication. It is true that Jim Shooter say that “ what we’ve got is the most portable, limitless, intense, personal, focused, intimate, compelling, wonderful visual medium in creation “.⁶

2.1.1 Pictorial communication

A picture, as the saying goes, is worth a thousand words. Words are often used to communicate by the people in oral or written. Words are needed to index, explain and disambiguate pictures, as well as to express abstract concets, logical relations, and linguistic modalities. Otto Neurath says that words make division, pictures make

connection.⁷Pictorial communication is seldom entirely succesful if not accompanied by word, and of convention, picture can indeed function as natural symbol due to their resemblance to the objects and facts represented.⁸

6http://www.comic strips.com/.

7http://www.google.co.id/

8Kristof Nyiri. Pictoria l meaning and Mobile communication, Journal.(http://www.google.co.id)

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2.1.2 Verbal communication

Verbal communication is a kind of communication in which certain rules of languages used are not manner able expressed but reflected. Oral and written

communications are kinds of verbal communication process. Oral verbal communication can be reflected in speaking activity, that is one of the kinds of social interaction for purpose of communication. Meanwhile, human beings throughly world use written communication. As Levine states, the written language reflects to certain extent, the elements and rules together constitute the grammar of language.⁹

2.1.3 Limited space for use both expression

Perhaps, the statement that the space is money is correct in printed commercial media like newspaper. How to make the use of space efficient, writer should be

competent in writing with limited space. Especially in comics strip, there are abbreviation also pictorial that the writer used to make efficient. Of course, it makes problem to the reader because not all of them who know what the meaning of word and means of the picture.

Verbal communication is written of communication, as we know that in comic has so many word-formation. Of course, this research are important to know what the meaning of word, especially for the comic hobbyist.

9Ahmad Khuza’I, Faruq, A study of play of words and slangs on “the ABG problem” section in Jawa Pos Daily Newspaper, (UIN Malang)2004, page:16

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2.2 The implication of space limitedness to word-formation

Comic as drawn media, it is different between a just verbal communication and combine communication. Not only to entertain to the reader but more important that comic as special type of communication. As tools of communication comic has so many vocabulary that the writer used in text. Frequently, we didn’t know what the message used, because it is just spictorial. It makes confused to the reader. So, this research try to know what the difficulties in their language by word-formation procesess.

2.2.1 Morphology

Morphology means the study of form. It is the type of investigation which analyzes all those basic”element” which are used in language. Matthew says that “ morphology as the study of “form of words””.¹⁰

2.2.2 Word

We move from an examination of the smallest segments of language (sounds) to the larger units (words, which Leonard Bloomfield defined as “minimal free forms”).

Bolinger and Sears states that a word is the smallest element that is independetly coded, the common pieces of the language that are constantly regrouped to form message.¹¹ 2.2.1.1 Derivation

Derivation is forming of a new word by adding affixes to the existing word. For example: the prefix /un-/ can be added to the word “happy” which becomes “unhappy”, the suffix/-ful/ can be added to the word”joy” which becomes”joyful”.

10Matthew,P.H.Morphology”An Introduction to the theory of word-formation”,(London:Routledge)1974, page:18

11Dwight, Bolinger and Sears, A, Donald, Aspect of Language, ( New York: Holt Rinehort and Winston)1981, page:53

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2.2.1.2 Compounding

Compounding is a joining of two separate words to produce a single form.

Compound may consist of various combinationsd of part speech, from this combination it produces a new form and new meaning, for example: “wallpaper”, “doorknob”,

“waterbed” and “footballer”.

2.2.1.3 Acronyms

George Yule explained that some words are formed from the initial letters of a set of other words called acronym.¹²For example, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty

Organization), UNESCO (United Nation Education Scientific and culture Organization), but they can lose their capitals to become daily term, for example Laser (Lights

Amplifications by Stimulled Emussion of Radiation).

2.2.1.4 Back Formation

A very specialized type of reduction process is known as backformation.

Typically a word of one type (usually a noun) is reduced to form another word of different type (usually a verb). For example,: the words “edit” (from the word editor), emote (from emotion) and “donate” (from donation). Thomson says that blends are words created by combining parts of existing words.¹³

12George, Yule, The Study of Language: An Introduction (Cambridge:University Press)1985, page:55

13Thomson, Wadsworth, Language Its Structure (USA:Edward Firegan)2004, page:55

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2.2.1.5 Blending

Blending is the combination of two separate forms to produce a single new term typically accomplished language by taking only the beginning of one word and joining into the end of other words, for example: “gasohol” is from “gasoline” and “alcohol”,

“motel” comes from “motor” and “hotel”.

2.2.1.6 Clipping

Yule says that clipping occurs by cutting the beginning or the end of a word or both, leaving a part to stand for the whole , for instance: “exam” from “examination”,

“lab” from “laboratory”, “flu” from “influenza”.¹⁴

2.2.1.7 Coinage

Yule says coinage is the invention of totally new terms, for

example,”Aspirin”,”Nylon”,”Xerox”,”Kodak”, are originally invented trade names.

Those words become every day words in the language. So form the explanation above, the writer concludes that the meaning coinage is the creation of totally words.¹⁵

2.2.1.8 Borrowing

Borrowing is taking over the words from other languages. Throughout its history;

English has adopted a vast number of loan words from other languages, for example;

“alcohol”(Arabic), “boss (Dutch)”, “croissant” (French) and “robot” (Czech), “piano”

(Italian).

14George, Yule, The Study of...page:55

15George, Yule, The Study of...page:55

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2.2.1.9 Conversion

Conversion is a process which changes the function of words; in this case new words can be created by converting the part of speech to another one without changing the form of the word. This process is particularly productive in modern English, with new uses occuring frequently.

2.2.1.10 Prefixes and Suffixes

Prefixes are some affixes that have to be added to the beginning of a word. For example: /un-/+”unhappy” becomes “unhappy”, and suffixes are some afixes that are added to the end of the words, the suffix/ness/+ “happy” becomes “happiness”. All English words formed by this derivational process use either prefixes or suffixes or both,

“disrespectful” has a prefix and asuffix and foolishness has two suffixes.

2.2.1.11 Infixes

There is a third type of affix, not only normally to be found in English; but fairly common in some either languages. Infixes is an affix which is incorporated inside another word. For example: a language spoken in South East Asia (these examples are taken from Merrifield et al (1962)) :

(“to drill”) see----srnee (“a drill”) and (“to chisel”) toh---trnoh (“a chisel”)

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2.2.1.12 Multiple process

Multiple process are the operations more than one process at work in the creation of a particular word, such as in the sentence, “the problems with the project have

snowballed” the final can be noted as as example of compounding (snow + ball), which has than undergo other process of conversion (noun to verb)

2.2.1.13 Affixation

Affixation is the addition of bound forms to stems. It is the most common morphological process; bound forms are elements that never occur alone. Adding morphemes to an existing word is a common way of creating new words.¹⁶

16Wadsworth,Thomson,Language its...page:52

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2.3 Review of Previous Study

This research has a relation to the previous researches on the same field. For instance, Henry Bradley (1966) on his research “Word-Making in English”. He said that there are three possible ways in which a new word can be made. They are composition, derivation and root creation. And also Jario Paramma (1999) on his thesis: An analysis

on word-formation of spoken Indonesian Language by Chinese Retailers at Pasar Besar Malang. Although both works of Henry and Jario have the same topic of the study as the researcher, but their object differ each other. Meanwhile, this study is aimed not only in finding out the type but also in describing and identifying of the special of word

formation process in the Jakarta Post Newspaper. It is due to the above consideration that the researcher decides to conduct “ Patterns of Word Formations in Comic Series Issued in The Jakarta Post.

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2.4 Review of Theoretical Work on Word-Formation Processes: State of The Arts

No Author Title Types of word-formation

01. Henry Bradley Word-making in English,1965

Composition, derivation, root creation.

02. Bolinger, Dwight and Sears, Donald A

Aspects of language,1981

Compounding, derivation, invention, acronym, reduplication, inversion and zero-derivation.

03. Carol Jean Gobby, Rex Wallace, and Catherine Jolley

Languages files, 1982

Derivation, Compunding, Acronyms, Back Formation, Blending, Clipping, Coinage, Functional Shift,

Morphologycal misanalysis, Proper names.

04. Fromkin, Victoria and Rodman, Robert

An introduction to language,1983

Derivation, word coinage, compound, acronyms, blends, back-

formations,abrreviations,

inflection,exceptions and suppletions.

05. George Yule The study of language: An introduction,1985

Blending, clipping,

backformation,compounding,coinage, borrowing,

conversion,acronyms,derivation, prefixes and suffixes, multiple process.

06. Kristen Malmkjaer

The linguisrics Encyclopedia,1995

Derivation, inflection, composition, conversion, back-formation, clipping, blends, acronyms.

07. Brinton,J.Laurel The structure of modern English: A lnguistic

Introduction:2000

Derivation, reduplication, conversion or functional shift,compounds, Blends, Back Formation, Shortening,Clipping and Root creation.

08. Ingo Plag Word Formation in English,2003

Compound, prefixes and suffixes, affixation, Multiple affixation, clipping, conversion, inflection, derivation, backformation,analogy, multiple affixation, parasynthetic formations.

09. Thomson Wadsworth

Language its structure, 2004

Affixes, Reduplication,

compounds,shortening, Acronyms, initialism, blends, back-formation, conversion, semantic shift, borrowed words and inventing words.

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

In order to answer the problem ask in the introductory part, the researcher is not only required to review the recent theoretical and empirical materials, but also obligated to develop a relevant method of research. Below is the method that was done during the research. This part covers the discussion about research design, research object, research instrument, data collecting, and data analysis.

3.1 Research Design

This research is classified as descriptive qualitative, because the aim of this research is to describe and explain the word-formation processes in comic strips of the Jakarta Post because it is intended to describe the data, which consist of word formation in comic strips of the Jakarta Post descriptively.

3.2 Research object

The object of this research are the dialogues on the comic strips. In this research, the reseacher only investigates dialogues contain of word-formation a depth analysis and understanding about the word-formation procesess.

3.3 Research Instrument

The instrument is used to gather data. The problem is, however that the data is available in printed materials. That is why there is no suitable instrument, but the researcher herself. The data are obtain by collecting, cutting, copying and reading.

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3.4 Data Sources

The data source in this research is the Jakarta Post newspaper, particularly on comic strips published from December 2003. These are taken to get the data of this comic at the process of this thesis writing . The Jakarta Post is the first Indonesia newspaper which is written in English.

3.5 Data Collection and The Reading Process

In collecting the data, the researcher applies some ways. First, selecting the comic strips whose dialogue and utterances of the potrayed characters contain word-formation.

Second, copying the comic strip that have been selected. Third, arranging the data chronologically based on the publication. And finally reading process.

3.6 Data Analysis

After selecting the data, the researcher analyzed the data by using some ways.

First, presenting the data. The purpose of this presenting the data is rich and detail include: the comics in brief and the gathered words. Second,developing table of the result. The purpose of this developing is to find out the pattern include: mostly used word-formation and the special type of word-formation in comic Third, intepreting the result. The purpose of this intepreting is to make sense the result of analysis include: the data intepretation.

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CHAPTER IV

RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION

These chapters will the finding of the research and discussion of the findings. It contains any detail information and analysis the lead to understand on the word-formation processes in comic series of the Jakarta Post.

4.1. Data presentation

Based on field finding the words in comic series could be observed from the word-formation processes. The complete data were presented as follows:

4.1.1. The Comics in Brief 4.1.1.1. Peanuts

It is a cute comic strips and cartoons there is one that has been loved by people of the world and by different generations of children. Even though it might not be extremely popular for its name, this cartoon was definitely recognized by one of its characters, a silent but truly adorable and reflective beagle dog named Snoopy that spends most of his day lying down on the rooftop of his dog house thinking, accompanied by his little fellow canary named Woodstock. Snoopy has become by himself one of the most popular fictional dogs of all time.

Created by artist Charles M. Schulz, it was first published in October, 1950 in black and white colors, and has recently seen its last episode in February of 2000, and the peanut characters are;

Snoopy Charlie Brown Woodstock Linus Lucy van Pelt Sally Schroeder Peppermint Marcie

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Patty

Pigpen Franklin Rerun

Shermy Violet Eudora

Sally Brown Spike Andy

Olaf Belle Marbles

Molly Rover Frieda

4.1.1.2. Rose is rose

Rose is Rose is unusual, especially in modern comic strips, in that it has a

generally positive and cheerful outlook on life and deals heavily with the emotional states of its characters, especially Rose and Pasquale. Rose and sometimes Jimbo are drawn as little children to emphasize "inner child" experiences. Rose is sometimes shown leaning against her "let it be" tree when dealing with heavy burdens. The strip also features highly daring "camera angles" and perspectives, often giving the illusion through frames of real motion. From the comic's debut in 1984 until the strip published on 9 August 1991, the character of Pasquale spoke only in a 'phonetic baby talk.' Since then, all of the characters except one have been portrayed as speaking coherent English.

Created by Pat Brady, he has been nominated eight times for a Reuben award by the National Cartoonist of the year. He won the award in that category for the first time in 2005.

The Characters;

Jimbo Gumbo - Husband and father Rose Gumbo - Wife and mother Vicky the Biker - Rose's alter-ego Pasquale Gumbo - Rose and Jimbo's son Peekaboo - The family cat.

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Clem - Pasquale's selfish cousin, meaning that he's notorious for hogging everything.

Mimi - The next door neighbor's baby girl.

Pasquale's guardian angel - Usually depicted as a ghostly copy of Pasquale with fairy wings and a robe who becomes a gigantic and fearsome warrior when any kind of disturbance appears.

4.1.1.3. The Born Loser

Born Lloser is one of comic strip created by Art Sansom in 1965. Initially beginning with no regular characters, the strip now stars the hapless Brutus Thornapple.

Supporting characters include his wife Gladys, his mother-in-law Ramona Gargle, his son Wilberforce, his boss Rancid Veeblefester, and his neighbor's troublesome daughter Hurricane Hattie O'Hara.

4.1.1.4. Ferd’nand

Ferd'nand was first published 1937 by the Presse-Illustrations-Bureau of Copenhagen.

Created by Henning Dahl Mikkelsen, Ferd'nand features the adventures of the title character, his unnamed wife, unnamed son, and family dog.

The Characters;

The main character, presumably named Ferd'nand, is a round, mustachioed, middle-aged father and husband, recognized by his conical hat. Ferd'nand's son also sports a similar hat, while his wife and dog are rather unremarkable in appearance.

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4.1.1.5. Garfield

Garfield is the main character. He is a lazy, selfish, overweight, orange tabby cat who enjoys eating and sleeping. It was revealed on October 27, 1979 that he doesn’t like raisins. This has also been implied in a comic strip where Garfield saves time by making a list of things he doesn't want for his birthday instead of things he does want. The only thing on the list was raisins. His birthday is June 19, 1978.

Jonathan Q. “Jon”

Arbuckle Lyman Binky the clown

Odie Mom Stretch

Lilian

Arlene Dad

Nermal Doc Boy

Shermy Spiders

Dr. Elizabeth “Liz”

Wilson Mice

Pooky Irma

Mrs.Feeny Ellen

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4.1.2 The Gathered Words

The Jakarta Post, Thursday, December 4, 2003

4.1.2.1. Peanuts Scene 1

Type of word Word formation No. Word

Full word

Unfull word

Original word

New formation

The process of word formation

01. Now, √ -

02. The √ -

03. First √ -

04. Thing √ -

05. We will √ -

06. Practice √ -

07. Will √ -

08. Be √ -

09. Our √ -

10. “Lifts” - √ Lift lifts Suffixes

11. Right on

- √ Right on Compounding

Scene 2

Full word

Unfull word

01. We will √ -

02. Circle √ -

03. The √ -

04. Ice √ -

05. Once √ -

06. Like √ -

07. This, √ -

08. And √ -

09. Then √ -

10. You will √ -

11. Lift me - √ Lift Lift me Compounding

12. in √ -

13. The √ -

14. Air √ -

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Scene 3

Type of word

Word formation No. Word

Full word

Unfull word

01. Okay, √ -

02. Now √ -

03. Lift me - √ Lift Lift me Compounding

Scene 4

Type of word formation

Word formation No. Word

Full word

Unfull word

01. Lift me, - √ Lift Lift me Compounding

02. I √ -

03. Said! - √ Say Said Derivation

04. I’m - √ I am I’m Shortening

05. Lifting!! - √ Lift Lifting Derivation

09. Lifting!! - √ Lift Lifting Derivation

4.1.2.2 Rose is Rose Scene 1

Word-formation No. Word

Full word

Unfull word

01. Yes, √ -

02. It’s - √ It is It’s Shortening

03. True √ -

04. That √ -

05. Snow √ -

06. Is √ -

07. Water √ -

Scene 2

Word-formation No. Word

Full word

Unfull word

01. Eek! - -

02. Eek! - -

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03. Eek! - -

04. Eek! - -

05. Eek! - -

Scene 3

Full word

Unfull word

01. How √ -

02. Is it? √ -

03. Not √ -

04. Bad, √ -

05. Once √ -

06. You √ -

07. Get √ -

08. Used - √ Use Used Derivation

09. To it - √ To it Compounding

4.1.2.3 The Born Loser Scene 1

Full word

Unfull word

01. You √ -

02. Haven’t - √ Have not? Haven’t? Shortening

03. Aged - √ Age Aged Derivation

04. So √ -

05. Badly! - √ Bad Badly Suffixes

06. Look √ -

07. On the - √

09. Bright side

- √ Bright side Compounding

Scene 2

Full word

Unfull word

01. You √ -

02. May √ -

03. Have √ -

04. Put on - √ Put on Compounding

(31)

05. A √ -

06. Few √ -

07. Pounds, - √ pound

sterling

Pounds Shortening

08. But √ -

09. At √ -

10. Least √ -

11. You √ -

12. Haven’t - √ Have not Haven’t Shortening

13. Lost - √ Lose Lost Derivation

14. All √ -

15. Your √ -

16. Hair! √ -

Scene 3

Full word

Unfull word

01. Yup! √ -

02. See- √ -

03. You’ve - √ You have You’ve Shortening

04. Still √ -

05. Got - √ Get Got Derivation

06. This √ -

07. One √ -

08. Right here

- √ Right-here Compounding

4.1.2.4. Garfield Scene1

Full word

Unfull word

01. We √ -

02. Now √ -

03. Return - √ Re-turn Return Prefixes

04. To √ -

05. Our √ -

06. Holiday - √ Holy-day Holy-day Compounding

07. Special √ -

(32)

Scene 2

Full word

Unfull word

The process of word formation

01. The √ -

02. Christmas √ -

03. That √ -

04. Almost √ -

05. Wasn’t - √ Is not Wasn’t Shortening

06. Saw it - √ See it Saw it Derivation

Scene 3

Full word

Unfull word

01. Rudolph √ -

02. Gets - √ Get Gets Suffixes

03. A Runny √ -

04. Nose √ -

4.1.2.5. Ferd’nand

The Jakarta Post, Monday, December 8, 2003 4.1.2.1. Peanuts

Scene 1

Full word

Unfull word

Original word New formation

The process of word formation

01. Wake up, - √ Get up Wake up Compounding

02. You √ -

(33)

03. Stupid √ -

04. Beagle, √ -

07. Five √ -

06. O’clock! √ -

Scene 2

Full word

Unfull word

01. If √ -

02. We’re - √ We are We’re Shortening

03. Going - √ Go Going Suffixes

04. To skate √ -

05. In √ -

06. The √ -

08. Show, √ -

09. We’ve - √ We have We’ve Shortening

10. Got √ - Get Got Derivation

11. To practice

√ -

12. And √ -

13. Practice! √ -

14. While √ -

15. The √ -

16. Stars √ -

17. Are √ -

18. Still out? - √ Still out Compounding

Scene 3

Full word

Unfull word

01. Stop √ -

02. Complaining - √ Complain Complaining Suffixes

03. Getting up - √ Get up Getting up Compounding

04. Early √ -

05. In √ -

06. The √ -

07. Morning √ -

08. Is √ -

09. Good √ -

(34)

10. For √ -

11. You √ -

Scene 4

Full word

Unfull word

Original word New formation

The process of

word formation

01. I √ -

02. Hope √ -

04. Good √ -

05. For √ -

06. Me √ -

07. Because √ -

09. Killing - √ Kill Killing Suffixes

10. Me √ -

4.1.2.2. Rose is Rose

Full word

Unfull word

01. Look! √ -

02. There’s - √ There is There’s Shortening

03. The √ -

04. Constellation - √ Constellate Constellation Suffixes

05. “grumpius” √ -

06. The √ -

07. Holiday - √ Holy –day Holiday Compounding

08. Crab! √ -

10. No √ -

11. Such √ -

12. *@!Ǿ - √ Unidentified

13. Thing! √ -

(35)

4.1.2.3. The Born Loser Scene 1

Full word

Unfull word

01. Excuse √ -

02. Me - √

03. Chief! √ -

04. I √ -

05. Just √ -

06. Wanted - √ Want Wanted Derivation

07. To √ -

08. Apologize √ -

09. For √ -

10. Being - √ Be Being Suffixes

11. Later √ -

Scene 2

Full word

Unfull word

01. Late? √ -

02. I √ -

03. Hadn’t - √ Had not Hadn’t Shortening

04. Noticed - √ Notice Noticed Derivation

Scene 3

Full word

Unfull word

Original word New formation

01. I’ve - √ I have I’ve Shortening

03. A √ -

04. B-I-G √ -

05. Mouth! √ -

(36)

4.1.2.4 Garfield Scene 1

Full word

Unfull word

01. You √ -

03. A √ -

05. Card √ -

06. From √ -

07. Our √ -

08. Neighbor √ -

09. Mrs.

Feeny

√ -

Scene 2

Full word

Unfull word

01. She √ -

02. Says - √ Say Says Suffixes

03. She √ -

04. Hopes - √ Hope Hopes Suffixes

05. You √ -

06. Get √ -

07. Coal √ -

08. In √ -

09. Your √ -

10. Stocking - √ Stock Stocking Suffixes

Scene 3

Full word

Unfull word

01. A √ -

02. Big √ -

03. Ol’hot √ - Unidentified

04. Fiery √ -

05. Coal √ -

06. Yeah, √ -

07. Yeah. √ -

(37)

08. I √ -

09. Love √ -

10. Her, √ -

11. Too √ -

4.1.2.5. Ferd’nand

The Jakarta post, Tuesday, December 9, 2003 4.1.2.1. Peanuts

Scene 1

Full word

Unfull word

01. Here’s - √ Here is Here’s Shortening

02. The √ -

03. World √ -

04. Famous √ -

05. Skater √ -

06. Practicing - √ Practice Practicing Suffixes

07. His √ -

08. Outside - √ Out-side Outside Compounding

09. Edges √ -

(38)

Scene 2

Full word

Unfull word

01. The √ -

02. Ice √ -

03. Is √ -

04. Getting - √ Get Getting Suffixes

05. A √ -

06. Little √ -

07. Rough √ -

Scene 3

Full word

Unfull word

01. Most √ -

02. Ice √ -

03. Arenas √ -

04. Have √ -

05. A √ -

06. Resurfacing - √ Resurface Resurfacing Multiple

affixation

07. Machine √ -

Scene 4

Full word

Unfull word

01. Woodstock √ -

02. Resurfaces - √ Resurface Resurface Prefixes

03. Our √ -

04. Ice √ -

05. With √ -

06. A √s -

07. Wet √ -

08. Tea-Bag - √ Tea-bag Compounding

(39)

4.1.2.2. Rose Is Rose

Scene 3

Word-formation Word

Full word

Unfull word

Landing - √ Land Landing Suffixes

Gear -

Frozen? √ - Freeze Frozen Derivation

Fortunately - √ Fortunate Fortunately Suffixes

My √ -

Backup - √ Back-up Backup Compounding

System √ -

Was √ -

In √ -

Place √ -

4.1.2.3 The Born Loser Scene 1

Full word

Unfull word

01. Hello, √ -

02. Mrs.

Thornapple?

√ -

03. Rancid

W.Veeblefester

√ -

04. Here √ -

(40)

Scene 2

Full word

Unfull word

02. Calling - √ Call Calling Suffixes

03. To √ -

04. Alert √ -

05. You √ -

06. That √ -

07. Your √ -

08. Husband √ -

09. Will √ -

10. Be √ -

11. Getting - √ Get Getting Suffixes

12. Home √ -

13. A √ -

14. Bit √ -

15. Late √ -

16. Today √ -

Scene3

4.1.2.4. Garfield Scene 1

Full word

Unfull word

01. Welcome √ -

02. Back √ -

Type of word formation Word-formation No. Word

Full word

Unfull word Original word

01. He √ -

02. Overslept - √ Oversleep Overslept Compounding

03. At √ -

04. The √ -

05. Office √ -

(41)

Scene 2

Full word

Unfull word

01. We √ -

02. Now √ -

03. Return - √ Re-turn Return Prefixes

04. To √ -

05. “Murray needlemen…”

√ -

Scene 3

Full word

Unfull word

01. The √ -

02. Roadside - √ Road-side Roadside Compounding

03. Assistance - √ Assistant Assistance Suffixes

04. Specialist - √ Special Specialist Suffixes

05. Who √ -

06. Saved - √ Save Saved Derivation

07. Christmas! √ -

08. So √ -

09. That’s - √ That is That’s Shortening

10. How √ -

11. You √ -

12. Tow √ -

13. A √ -

14. Reindeer √ -

4.1.2.5. Ferd’nand

(42)

The Jakarta Post, Wednesday, December 10, 2003 4.1.2.1. Peanuts

Scene 1

Word-formation processes No. Word

Full word

Unfull word

01. Tomorrow’s - √ Tomorrow

is

Tomorrow’s Shortening

02. The √ -

03. Big √ -

04. Ice √ -

05. Snow √ -

06. Partner √ -

Scene 2

Scene 3

Full word

Unfull word

01. I √ -

02. Think √ -

03. However √ -

04. That √ -

05. I √ -

06. Should - √ Shall Should Derivation

07. Have √ -

08. My √ -

Type of word formation Word-formation processes No. Word

Full word

01. I √ -

02. Just √ -

03. Know √ -

04. That √ -

05. We’re - √ We are We’re Shortening

06. Going - √ Go Going Suffixes

07. To √ -

08. Be - √

09. Great! √ -

10. Right on - √ Right on Compounding

(43)

09. Skates - √ Skate Skates Suffixes

10. Sharpened - √ Sharpen Sharpened Derivation

11. Before √ -

12. The √ -

13. Snow √ -

Scene 4

Full word

Unfull word

01. We √ -

02. All √ -

03. Agreed - √ Agree Agreed Derivation

04. We √ -

05. Could - √ Can Could Derivation

Full word

Unfull word

01. I √ -

02. Refuse √ -

03. To √ -

04. Have √ -

05. My √ -

06. Feet √ -

07. Hollow √ -

08. Ground √ -

(44)

06. Tolerate √ -

07. 68˚ √ -

08. Almost √ -

09. All √ -

10. Of √ -

11. Us! √ -

12. 68˚ √ -

13. Feels - √ Feel Feels Suffixes

14. Way √ -

15. Colder - √ Cold Colder Suffixes

16. On √ -

17. A √ -

18. Motorcycle - √ Motor-

cycle

Motorcycle Compounding

Full word Unfull word

01. They √ -

02. Say, √ -

03. “ A √ -

04. Place √ -

05. For √ -

06. Everything √ -

Scene 2

Full word

01. And √ -

02. everything √ -

03. In √ -

04. Its √ -

05. Place!” √ -

(45)

Scene 3

Full word Unfull word

01. So √ -

02. Why √ -

03. Does - √ Do Does Derivation

04. It √ -

05. Seem √ -

06. Like √ -

08. Alway s

√ -

09. In √ -

10. The √ -

11. Wron g

√ -

12. Place √ -

13. At √ -

14. The √ -

15. Wron g

√ -

16. Time √ -

4.1.2.4 Garfield Scene 1

Full word

Unfull word

01. I √ -

02. Remember √ -

04. Back on - √ Back on Compounding

05. The √ -

06. Farm √ -

07. Uh-oh - √

(46)

Scene 2

Full word

01. The √ -

02. Family √ -

03. The √ -

04. Food √ -

05. The √ -

06. Caroling - √ Carol Caroling Suffixes

07. Here √ -

08. We √ -

09. Go √ -

Scene 3

Full word Unfull word Original word

01. Decorating - √ Decorate decorating Suffixes

02. The √ -

03. Goat √ -

04. And √ -

05. There √ -

06. We √ -

07. Went - √ Go Went Derivation

4.1.2.5. Ferd’nand

(47)

The Jakarta post, Friday, December 12, 2003 4.1.2.1. Peanuts

Scene 1

01. Look √ -

02. Here √ -

03. Chuck, √ -

04. Dart √ -

05. Throwing - √ Threw Throwing Suffixes

Scene 2

Scene 3

01. See √ -

02. If √ -

03. You √ -

04. Can √ -

05. Win √ -

06. A √ -

07. Stuffed - √ Stuff Stuffed Derivation

08. Panda √ -

09. You’re - √ You are You’re Shortening

10. Probably √ -

11. Better √ -

12. At √ -

13. It √ -

14. Than √ -

15. I √ -

16. Am √ -

01. Here √ -

02. You √ -

03. Throw - √ Threw Throw Derivation

04. Them √ -

(48)

Scene 4

01. You √ -

02. Touched - √ Touch Touched Derivation

03. My √ -

04. Hand √ -

05. Chuck √ -

Scene 3

Full word

01. He’s - √ He is He’s Shortening

02. Napping - √ Nappy Napping Suffixes

03. Through √ -

04. The √ -

05. Entire √ -

06. Air √ -

07. Show √ -

08. Shhh… √ -

09. He √ -

10. Looks - √ look looks Suffixes

11. Happy √ -

(49)

Full word

01. Have √ -

02. You √ -

03. Used - √ Use Used Derivation

04. The √ -

05. New √ -

06. Shampoo √ -

07. Yet? √ -

08. mm-hmm √ -

Scene 2

01. I √ -

02. Just √ -

03. Tried - √ Try Tried Derivation

04. It √ -

05. Doesn’t - √ Do Does Derivation

06. It √ -

07. Give √ -

08. Your √ -

09. Hair √ -

10. The √ -

11. Most √ -

12. Luxuriant - √ luxury Luxuriant Derivation

13. New √ -

14. Body √ -

15. And √ -

16. Volume? √ -

Scene 3

Full word

01. Oh…. √ -

02. Sorry! √ -

(50)

4.1.2.4. Garfield Scene 1

Full word

Unfull word

01. I √ -

02. Know √ -

03. That √ -

04. Look √ -

Scene 2

Full word

Unfull word

New formation

01. That’s - √ That is That’s Shortening

02. Your √ -

03. Argumentative - √ argument argumentative Derivation

04. Look √ -

Scene 3

Full word

Unfull word

01. Sez √ - Unidentified

02. Who, √ -

03. Bettle √ -

04. Brain? √ -

4.1.2.5. Ferd’nand

(51)

The Jakarta Post, Saturday, December 13, 2003 4.1.2.1 Peanuts

Scene 1

Full word

Unfull word

01. Look √ -

02. All √ -

03. The √ -

04. Famous √ -

05. Athletes - √ athlete athletes Suffixes

06. Charlie brown

√ -

07. Where’s - √ Where is Where’s Shortening

08. Peggy fleming

√ -

Scene 2

Full word

Unfull word

02. Joe garagiola

√ -

03. And √ -

04. Jack nicklaus

√ -

05. Bobby orr

√ -

06. Fred glover

√ -

07. Hank aaron

√ -

08. Pancho ngonzales

√ -

Scene 3

Full word

Unfull word

01. Where’s - √ Where is Where’s Shortening

02. Joe

shilabotnik

√ -

03. He’s - √ He is He’s Shortening