The effect of using picture series with oral questions on the narrative writing achievement of the English Department students of Widya Mandala University - Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya Repository

(1)

(2)

MATERIALS OF EXPERIMENTAL GROTJP IN THE FIRST TREATMENT.

TTTLE

: TFIE BRAVE MOUNTAIN CLIMBER

DAY/DATE

: Thursday,6

November 1997.

PROCEDURES :

l. The students are given picture-series.

2. The teacher

gives triggering

questions

related to the pictures

given.

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

:

l. What did the innkeeper

do in Picture I ?

2. What did the man do in Picture 2 ?

3. Why did the man look frighten in Picture 3 ?

4. Whatdidthe mando inPicture

4 ?

5. Did the tiger die ?

6. With what tools did the man use to hit the tiger ?

7. What happened

to the tiger ?

(3)

(4)

(5)

IITATERALS OF CONTROL GROTJP IN TFE FIRST TREATMENT.

: TT{E BRAVE MOUNTAIN CLIMBER

DAY/DATE : Friday,7 November 1997.

PROCEDURES:

I The students are given list of vocabulary and headings based on the title

presented.

LIST OF VOCABULARIES :

inn

hunter

look at

innkeeper

admiration

strike/hit

tiger

proud

F{EADINGS:

staff scenery

fierce horor

persuade

prevent

l. The innkeeper warned the climber about the wild tiger on the mountain.

2, He ignored

the man.

3. Hecontinued

hisjourney.

4. He saw the tiger.

5. There was a fight.

(6)

MATERHLS OF THE EXPERI}IENTAL GROT]P IN THE SECOND

TREATMENT.

TITLE

DAY/DATE

PROCEDURES

: WAITING FOR A BUS.

: Thursday,

13 November 1997.

:

1. The students

are given picture-series.

2. The teacher gives triggering questions

to lead the students

to enter the pictures.

TYPES OF QUESTIONS:

1. What were the three small boys in Picture 1 ?

2. Where were the four big boys ?

3. Why did the people in the queue get wet ?

4. What did the four big boys do in Picture 2 ?

5. Why did the conductor hold out his arm in Picture 3 ?

6. What had the three small boys to do ?

7. How long had they to wait for the next bus ?

8. Where was the bus in Picture 5 ?

9. What happened

to the number 26 bus ?

(7)

t

I

/ v / t / t ) r l

\ l v

/"-A

l l r h o f

\uez

rffirlF

il#Jlt'-t-ir-i-iirT

i!*dJ L*

cn

ql

f)

FI t ,

r 9 L

o

t'{-o)

(Q a

-{-J

. E

(8)

TITLE

: WAITINGFORABUS

DAYiDATE : Friday, 14 November 1997.

PROCEDURES:

I The students are given list of vocabulary and headings based on the title

presented.

LISTOF VOCABULARIES :

queue

window

pass

clock

hilt

come

passenger

driver

gel on

bus-stop

engine

push

bus-conductor

tired

tull

T{EADINGS:

l. Three boys were waiting for a bus.

2. They were pushed away from the line by the four big boys.

3. The bus was full, waited for another

bus.

(9)

MATERIALS

OF TEE EXPERIIVIENTAL GROT'P IN THE THIRD

TREATMENT.

TTTLE

DAY/DATE

PROCEDURES

: CATCHINGATHIEF

: Thursday,

20 November 1997.

1 .

The students

are given

picture-series.

The teacher

guides the students

through some

pictures.

TYPES OF QUESTIONS:

1. Where were Bill and Joe in Picture I ?

2. What did they hear ?

3. What did they see ?

4. What did the man do in Picture 2 ?

5. What did the boys chase

him ?

6. What happened

in Picture 3 ?

7. What did the people in this picture do ?

8. Why didn't the policeman

in Picture 4 help the boys ?

9. What did he do ?

10. Why was the man in the chair very angry ?

(10)

l.F

o

t ;

ca

tt:l

P

cg

lll

l)I

(-E

O

F

(E

(11)

MATERIALS OF THE CONTROL GROUP IN THE TEIRD TREATMENT.

TITLE

DAYIDATE

PROCEDURES

I The students

presented.

LIST OF VOCABULARIES :

shop

mistake

surprised

approach

steal

CATCHINGATHIEF

Friday, 2l November 1997.

are given list of vocabularies and headings based on the title

watch

brave

chase

thief

angry

catch

film

camera

break (to)notice

fight believe

}IEADINGS:

1. Bill and John went for a walk.

2. They saw a burglar breaking

the jewelry shop's window display.

3. They ran after him and attacked

him.

(12)

MATERIALS OF THE EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL GROI]P IN THN

POST TEST.

TITLE

DAY/DATE

: lvfY MOST EXCITING DAY (IN MY LIFE).

: Thwsday, 4 December

1997.

PROCEDURES

:

r The teacher explains about the title and ask the students

to write their own

(13)

THE CALCULATION OFTAKING GROTIP

AS SAMPLES FORTEE EXPERIMENTS

NUMBEROF

STIIDENTS

G R O U P S

A

B

c

D

E

F

l . a -). 4. ) -6. 7. 8. 9. 10. l l . t2. 1 3 . 14. 1 5 . 1 6 . 1 7 . 1 8 . 19. 20.

56

54

57

5 3

60

4 l

66

67

63

5 3

62

5 7

4 l

27

43

3 t ) )

56

s6

5 1

53

40

30

56

{ s

68

49

47

54

5 8

37

65

53

56

4 8

53

67

35

48

57

50

42

64

6s

3 8

6 5

57

5 l

69

5 7

66

42

4 l

3 9

3 7

6 8

44

3 2

57

65

3 2

66

54

50

67

65

60

34

56

29

3 7

6 8

5 l

65

4 l

64

63

56

46

43

6 l

49

53

43

46

J J

5 3

48

5 l

42

62

46

3 7

27

62

50

73

69

75

73

7 l

70

85

72

80

72

73

70

74

7 l

8 l

89

80

75

TOTAL

1060

1030

1084

1056

9 5 5

1s64

(14)

CALCULATION FORTWO MEANS OF THE TEST

NO.

DGERIMENTAL GROUP

CONTROLGROUP

XA

t'A

X D xzD

1 .

2 .

4 .

5 .

6.

7.

8.

9 .

1 0 .

1 1 .

12.

1 3 .

1 4 .

1 5 .

1 6 .

1 7 .

1 8 .

1 9 .

20.

56

s6

54

57

53

60

4 l

66

67

63

53

62

57

4 l

21

43

5 t

5 5

56

3 1 3 6

2916

3249

2809

3600

l 6 8 l

4356

4489

3969

2809

3844

3249

l 6 8 l

729

1849

1369

302s

3 1 3 6

32

5 7

65

66

54

50

67

65

60

34

s6

29

37

68

5 1

65

4 l

64

63

1024

3249

4225

1024

43s6

2916

2500

4489

422s

3600

1 1 5 6

3 1 3 6

841

1369

4624

2601

4225

1 6 8 1

4096

3969

TOTAL

1060

5 8 1 6 8

1056

59306

n

20

MEAN

53

5 2 . 8

(15)

i i 5 | 3 u F i l Y i u I f J : - - 5 - - : :

f.tc. - - ; r ! _ ' = . + r j '- . i - * . . : j i - - . - . + . 1 r. i ; g r e n c e b e . t l r c - e n

- q i g - i f i c a n t c i : - f - i s r = i l . a l * t . + r € e n

! _ : j ' i a ? l - t

=f, ljt-,

1 i : ) .3 " 9 9 5

1 L

- - - - r - * - - - . ₎

nll\ rr l:i

J , . C a l c n i a t i c , n f a r t c , b - - e i - v a t i - c , n i i a )

+ { ;

f . ,

: . t = '

-

-::::1-:-1:':::1-n i -::::1-:-1:':::1-n - 1 )

g, .

. : _

F . - - l ,

:11_:i'_:::

,l 1_:nl_i"l_:1':

- * " - - - - (

,

rrA 'i- r'rF: - f

C t J i \ l c L U g M ' l :

F-tec;r u.:el /| t::t,tte r- t t',. i: i c, rr .,/ s a l l c ' i : i a c c E p ' L t r j c l , ,

F l s n i : E : r , J t a c.rr'! c lurrJer tir;:t ; r t : T , c - . . , s i . J n i i i c a r i t d i i f e r i - e | r c : r : :

'= r-) - {:,:r:f,?:: .,:. l: ( _{" i-i--'/2.'l} , i i:) ., r:;:-' l r,-,v,;"- i :. ft ir r t: i i:

[]l (::t t ul:,1 t: ar _{(j i' o Li l: 1 !3}

-r -r l: -r ? - t i -r l ) '

(16)

MEANS CALCULATTON OF

EXPERIMENTAL GROUP AND CONTROL GROUP OI{ THE FIRST TR.EATMENT

.THE BRAVE MOUNTAIN CLIMBER'

D@ERIMENTALGROLN ( G R O T J P A )

CONTROL GROUP ( G R O U P D )

59.5 78 66 84 79

89.5 89 77.5 77 73.5 70.5 78.5 59.5 89.5 77.5 82

7r.5

77 5 7 60.5

3s40.2s

6084

4356

70s6

6241

8010.25

7921

6006.25

s929

5402.2s

4970.25

6162.2s

3540.25

8010.25

6006.2s

6724

5112.25

5929

3249

3660.25

62 74.5

60.5 67 69 76.5 83 67.25 68 70.5 67 54 74.5

52.5 66.5 66 70.5 67 74.5 68

3844 55s0.25

3660.2s 4489

4761 5852.2s 6889

4556.25 4624 4970.25 4489 2916 5550.25 2756.25 4422.25

4356 4970.25 4489 5550.25

4624

(17)

TEST OF IIYPOTHESES:

1 . H o : m A = m D r g r o u p s . H a : m A > D D ,

g r o u p .

t h e r e i s n o d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n t h e m e a n

m e a n s c o r e o f A g r o u p i s g r e a t e r t h a n D

.,

J .

t - t e s t , w h e r e d f . = n A + n D - 2 = 3 8 t ( 0 ' 0 5 ) = 1 , 1 2 5

C a l c u l a t i o n f o r t o b s e r v a t i o n ( t o ) o f t h e F i r s t T r e a t m e n t :

A : E X P E R I M E N T

x

D

I

E x

n

= CONTROL

> x

= 7 4 1 8 2 5

= 1 0 , 0 8 9 4 3 5 5 9

= 6 7 , 9 5

7 , t 6 5 1 6

n = 2 0

x A - x D

t o =

= | , 1 6 t 1 7 6 O

4 . CONCLUS I ON :

B e c a u s e , / t

r e j e c t e d .

H e n c e $ e s i g n i f i c a n t

n ( A - 1 ) s ' A + ( n l t - 1 ) s ' o

1 (

-n A n A + n D - 2

o b s e r v a t i o n , / = | , 7 6 1 7 7 6 0 >

c o n c l u d e t h a t a t a 0 , 0 5 d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n g r o u P s .

I + - )

n D

t ( 0 , 0 5 ) s o H o

I e v e I t h e r e

1 S

(18)

MEANS CALCULATION BASED ON TITE CONTENT ACIIIEVEHENT

OF TEE FIRST TREATIIIENT "TIIE BRAVE IIOI'NTAIN CLItr{BER"

N O . EXPERIMENTAL GROUP

( G R O U P A )

1 2 3 4 s 6 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6

t 7

1 8

1 9 2 0

x

x 2

x

x 2

2 5 , 5

2 2 , 5

2 l , 5

2 6

2 5

2 6 ,5

2 6

2 3 ,5

2 5

2 4

2 2 , 5

2 5 , 5

1 9

2 7 , 5

2 6 ,5

2 6

2 6 ,5

2 3 , 5

2 7 , S

1 8 , 5

6 5 0 , 2 5 5 0 6 , 2 5 4 6 2 , 2 5 6 7 6 6 2 5 7 0 2 , 2 5 6 7 6 5 5 2 , 2 5 6 2 5 5 ? 6 5 0 6 , 2 5 6 5 0 , 2 5 3 6 1 7 5 6 , 2 5 7 0 2 , 2 5 6 1 6 7 0 2 , 2 5 5 5 2 , 2 5 7 5 6 r 2 5 3 4 2 , 2 5

2 t

2 2 , 5

l 9

2 0 , 5

2 2

2 6

2 7

2 5

2 2

2 4

1 9 , 5

1 6 , 5

2 t , 5

1 8 , 5

2 0 ,5

2 2

2 4

1 9

2 2 ,5

2 2

4 4 t

5 0 6 , 2 5

3 5 1

4 2 0 ,2 5

4 8 4

6 7 5

7 2 9

6 2 5

4 8 4

5 7 6

3 8 0 , 2 5

2 7 5 , 2 5

4 6 2 , 2 5

3 4 2 , 2 5

4 2 0 , 2 5

4 8 4

5 7 6

3 6 1

5 0 6 , 2 5

4 8 4

4 8 8 , 5 1 2 0 5 6 , 2 5 4 3 5 9 5 9 1

(19)

g r o u p .

2 . t - t e s t , w h e r e d f . = n A + n B - 2 = 3 8 t ( 0 ' 0 5 ) = 1 , 7 2 5

C a l c u l a t i o n f o r t o b s e r v a t i o n ( t o ) o f t h e F i r s t T r e a t m e n t ' s C o n t e n t A c h i e v e m e n t :

A : EXPERIMENT TEST OF HYPOTHESES:

1 . H o : m A = D r t h e r e g r o u p s .

H a : m A > m D , m e a n

t x

=

-n

i s n o d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n t h e m e a n

s c o r e o f A g r o u p i s g r e a t e r t h a n D

= 2 4 , 4 2 5

n = 2 0

= 2 , 5 6 t 2 2 4

= 2 L , 7 5

n = 2 0

= 2 , 6 1 3 2 2 5

x

D

x

= CONTROL

t x

= -n

x A - x D

t o =

n ( A - 1 ) s " A + ( n D - 1 ) s t D

n A + n D - 2

I

( - +

n A

i o n / = 3 , 2 6 9 3 7 1 8 > t

t h a t a t a 0 ' 0 5 b e t w e e n g r o u p s .

= 3 ' 2 6 9 3 7 1 8

s o l l o i s

t h e r e i s C O N C L U S I O N :

B e c a u s e , / t r e j e c t e d . H e n c e w e s i g n i f i c a n t

o b s e r v a t

c o n c I u d e

1

- ) N D

( 0 , 0 5 )

l e v e l

( E x ) "

(20)

ilEANS CALCULATION BASED O}I TEE ORGANTZATION ACEIEVEI{ENT

OF THE FTRST TREATMENT "THE BRAVE }IOT,NTAIN CLItr{BER"

N O . EXPERIMENTAL GROUP

(cRouP A)

CONTROL GROUP

(cRouP D)

1

2

J 4 ) 6 I 8 9 1 0 1 1 l 2 1 3 L 4 1 5 1 6 t 7 1 8 1 9 2 0

x

x 2

x

x 2

1 8 , 5

2 0

t 2 , 5

1 8

1 6 , 5

2 0

t 7

1 9 , 5

1 5

t 6

1 5 , 5

1 8 , 5

1 9 , 5

t 7

1 8

t 2 , 5

L 7

L 2 r 5

9

3 4 2 , 2 5

4 0 0

1 5 6 , 2 5

3 2 4

2 7 2 , 2 5

4 0 0

289

3 4 2 , 2 5

2 2 5

2 5 6

2 4 0 , 2 5

3 4 2 , 2 5

289

3 2 4

1 5 6 , 2 5

289

1 5 6 , 2 5

8 l

1 5 , 5

1 5

1 4

l 4

1 2 , 5

1 8

t 7

t 8

1 2 , 5

t 4 , 5

t 4

1 0 , 5

1 5

1 0

1 6

1 4 , 5

1 5 , 5

1 2 ,5

2 4 0 , 2 5

225

t 9 6

1 9 6

1 5 6 , 2 5

3 2 4

289

3 2 4

t 5 6 , 2 5

2 t 0 . . 2 5

1 9 6

1 1 0 , 2 5

225

1 0 0

2 5 6

2 l o , 2 s

z t o , 2 5

2 4 0 , 2 5

t 5 6 , 2 5

3 3 0 , 5

s 6 2 7 , 2 5

2 8 9 ,5

4 2 7 7 , 2 5

(21)

TEST OF ITYPOTHESES:

1 . H o : m A = m B , t h e r e g r o u p s .

H a : m A > m D ' m e a n g r o u p s .

2 . t - t e s t , w h e r e d f . = t ( 0 , 0 5 ) = l ' 7 2 5

= CONTROL

E x

n

i s n o d i f f e r e n c e

s c o r e o f A g r o u p

b e t w e e n t h e m e a n

i s g r e a t e r t h a n D

C a l c u l a t i o n f o r t o b s e r v a t i o n ( t o ) b a s e d o n t h e o r e a n i z a t i o n a c h i e v e m e n t o f t h e f i r s t t r e a t m e n t :

2 x

=

-n

= 1 6 r 5 2 5

n = 2 0

- - 2,953477 n A + n D - 2 = 3 8

= 1 4 , 4 7 5

= 2 , 1 3 6 6 1 7

;

a - i o

x

n = 2 0

t o =

= 2 , 5 1 5 0

C O N C L U S I O N : B e c a u s e , / t

r e j e c t e a l . H e n c e w e s i g n i f i c a n t

c o n c l u d e t h a t a t d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n n ( A - 1 ) s ' A + ( n B - l ) s ' z D

n A + n D - 2

o b s e r v a t i o n / = 2 , 5 1 5 0

1 1

+ - )

nA nIJ

> t ( 0 ' 0 5 ) s o l l o

a 0 , 0 5 I e v e I t h e r e

l s

i s

( E x ) '

(22)

MEANS CALCULATION OF

EXPERIMENTAL GROUP AND CONTROL GROTJP ON THE SECOND TREATMENT

.WAITING FORA BUS"

EXPERIMENTAL GROUP

( G R O U P A ) CONTROLGROUP

(cRouP

D)

89.5 87.s 86

t )

74

72.s

7 l 74.5 72 88 72 84 96.5 94.5 77.5 94-5 68 96.5 8 1 . 5 9'l

8010.25

7656.2s

7396

5329

5476

5256.2s

5041

55s0.25

5 r84

7744

5 1 8 4

7056

9312.2s

8930.25

6006.25

8930.25

4624

9312.2s

6&2.25

9409

80.5 5 8 5 7 86 90

82.s

79.s

66.5 17.5 76.5

83 76 71.5 82 67.5 70

79.5 66 70.5 84.5

6480.25 3364 3249 7396 8 1 0 0 6806.25 6320.25 4422.25

6006.25 s852.25

6889 5776 5112.25 6724 4556.25 4900 6320.25

4356 4970.25 7t40.25

(23)

g r o u p .

2 . t - t e s t , w h e t e d f . = n A + n D - 2 = 3 8 t ( 0 ' 0 5 ) = 1 , 7 2 5

3 . C a l c u l a t i o n f o r t o b s e r v a t i o n ( t o ) o f t h e S e c o n d Lr.ga9m-41:

A : E X P E R I M E N T TEST OF IIYPOTHESES:

1 . H o : m A = m D , t h e r e g r o u p s .

H a : m A > m D r D € E D

l x =

-n

= 8 2 t 5

n = 2 0

= 1 0 , 0 6 4 2 6 7

= 7 5 , 2 2 5

n = 2 Q

= t , 0 1 4 9 3 6 6

x A - x D

= 2 , 4 0 0 8 2 0 5

x

D

= CONTROL

2 x

n

x

t o =

n ( A - l ) s " A + ( n D - l ) s 2 D I

( - +

n A

I - )

n D

t ( 0 , 0 5 )

l e v e l

4 . C O N C L U S I O N : B e c a u s e , / t

r e j e c t e d . H e n c e w e

s i g n i f i c a n t

n A + n D - 2

o b s e r v a t i o n , / = 2 , 4 0 0 8 2 0 5 >

c o n c l u d e t h a t a t a 0 , 0 5 d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n g r o u p s .

s o H o i s

t h e r e i s

( E x ) '

(24)

IIEANS CALCULATION BASED ON TEB CONTENT ACHIEVEMENT

OF THE SECOND TREATI{ENT "wAITING FOR A BUS"

N O . EXPERIMENTAL GROUP

( G R O U P _{A )} CONTROL GROUP( G R O U P D )

1

2

3

4

) 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 I 2 1 3 l 4 1 5

t 6

t 1

1 8

t 9

2 0

x

x 2

x

F .

2 7

2 6 , 5

2 9

2 1 ,5

2 4

2 2 , 5

2 2

2 2 , 5

2 3 ,5

2 8 ,5

2 5 , 5

2 5 ,5

2 7

2 9

2 3 ,5

2 9 , 5

2 7 , 5

2 9 ,5

7 2 9 7 0 2 , 2 5 8 4 1

4 6 2 , 2 5 5 7 6 5 0 6 , 2 5 4 8 4 5 0 6 , 2 5

5 5 2 , 2 5 8 1 2 , 2 5 6 5 0 , 2 5 6 5 0 , 2 5 7 2 9 8 4 1 8 4 1 8 4 1

5 5 2 , 2 5 8 7 0 , 2 5 7 5 6 , 2 5 8 7 0 ' - 2 5

2 4 , 5

2 4

2 5 ,5

2 7

1 8

2 t

2 2 , 5

2 7 ,5

t 6

2 6 , 5

t 7

t 8

2 9 , 5

2 2 , 5

2 l , 5

2 3 , 5

2 4

2 6 ,5

2 3 , 5

6 0 0 , 2 5

5 7 6

6 5 0 , 2 5

7 2 9

3 2 4

4 4 1

5 0 5 , 2 5

7 5 6 , 2 5

2 5 6

7 0 2 , 2 5

289

3 2 4

8 1 2 , 2 5

5 0 6 , 2 5

4 6 2 , 2 5

5 5 2 ,2 5

5 7 6

7 0 6 , 2 5

5 5 2 , 2 5

5 2 2

t 3 7 7 3

4 5 5 , 5

1 0 6 4 l , 7 5

(25)

g r o u P .

2 . t - t e s t ,

w h e r e d f . = n A + n D - 2 = 3 8

t ( 0 ' 0 5 ) = 1 , 7 2 5

3 . C a l c u l a t i o n

f o r

t

o b s e r v a t i o n

( t o )

o f

t h e S e c o n d

T r e a t m e n t t s C o n t e n t A c h i e v e o e n ! :

A : EXPERIMENT TEST OF IIYPOTITESES:

H a : m A > m D r m e a n

= 2 6 r t 1 1 - - 2 0

= 2 , 7 9 8 4 9 6

= 2 2 , 7 7 5

n = 2 0

= 3 , 1 5 3 8 5 8

x A - x D

= 3 , 1 7 5 8 2 5

x

D

t x

n

= CONTROL

> x

=

-n

x

t o =

n ( A - 1 ) s ' A + ( n O - 1 ) s ' D I (

-n A

n A + n 3 - 2

C O N C L U S I O N :

B e c a u s e , / t o b s e r v a t i o n , / = 3 , 1 7 5 8 2 5 > r e j e c t e d .

H e n c e w e c o n c l u d e t h a t a t a 0 s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n g r o u p s

I

+ - )

n D

t ( 0 , 0 5 ) s o H o i s

(26)

MEANS CALCULATION BASED ON THE ORGANIZATION ACITIEVEHBNT

OF THE SECOND TREATHENT "WAITING FoR A BUs"

(cRouP A)

CONTROL ( G R O U P GROUPD )

1

2

J 4 ) 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 t 2 1 3 t 4 1 5 L 6 t 7 1 8 t 9 2A

x

x 2

x

x l

1 9 , 5 2 0 2 0 1 8 , 5 l 6 1 8 , 5 1 8 1 3 , 5 2 0 1 6 , 5 1 5 , 5 1 8 1 9 2 0 1 8 , 5 1 8 , 5 1 5 , 5 1 9 , 5 1 9 , 5 2 0

3 8 0 , 2 5

4 0 0

3 4 2 , 2 5

2 5 6

3 4 2 , 2 5

3 2 4

1 8 2 , 2 5

4 0 0

2 7 2 , 2 5

2 4 0 , 2 5

3 2 4

3 6 1

4 0 0

3 4 2 , 2 5

2 4 0 , 2 5

3 8 0 , 2 5

4 0 0

1 1 , 5

1 2 , 5

1 3 , 5

1 5 , 5

1 5

t 2

1 3

t 2

1 8

1 5

1 3

L 2 ,5

1 5

1 7 ,5

L 2 , 5

1 0 , 5

1 2 , 5

1 3 , 5

L 7 ,5

1 6 , 5

| 3 2 ,2 5

1 5 6 , 2 5

t 8 2 , 2 5

2 4 0 , 2 5

2 2 5

1 4 4

t 6 9

L 4 4

3 2 4

2 2 5

1 6 9

t 5 6 , 2 5

225

3 0 6 , 2 5

1 5 6 , 2 5

1 1 0 , 2 5

L 5 6

, 2 5

1 8 2 , 2 5

3 0 6 , 2 5

2 7 2 , 2 5

3 6 4 , 5

6 ? 0 9 , ? 5 2 1 9

3 9 8 2

(27)

g r o u p .

2 . t - t e s t , w h e r e d f . = n A + n D - 2 = 3 8 t ( 0 ' 0 5 ) = 1 , 7 2 5

3 . C a l c u l a t i o n f o r t o b s e r v a t i o n ( t o ) b a s e d o n o r g a n i z a t i o n a c h i e v e m e n t o f t h e s e c o n d t r e a t m e n t :

A : E X P E R I M E N T TEST OF HYPOTIIESES:

l . H o : r n A = m D , t h e r e g r o u p s .

H a : m A > m D , n e a n

> x

n

s c o t e o f A g r o u p i s g r e a t e r t h a n D

= 1 8 r 2 5 5

n = 2 0

= 1 , 8 7 4 t 6 7 3

= 1 3 , 9 5

n = 2 0

= z , t 1 s 8 2 4

x

D

x

n E x ' - ( E x ) '

n ( n - 1 )

x A - x D

t o :

1 1

( - + - )

n A

n D

= l 0 ' 3 6 8 6 6

s o H o i s

t h e r e i s C O N C L U S I O N :

B e c a u s e / t r e j e c t e d . H e n c e w e s i g n i f i c a n t

n ( R - 1 ) s ' A + ( n D - 1 ) s 3 D

n A + n D - 2

o b s e r v a t i o n , / = 1 0 ,

c o n c l u d e t h a t a t d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n

3 6 8 6 6 > t ( 0 , 0 5 )

a 0 , 0 5 l e v e l g r o u p s .

" = /

= CONTROL

> x

=

-n

(28)

MEANS CALCULATION OF

DOERINTENTAL GROUP AND CONTROL GROTJP ON THE THIRD TREATMENT

.CATCHING A TIIIEF"

E)GERIMENTAL GROUP ( GROL'P A)

89 87 96.5

72.5 70.5 74.5 60 68.5 67 74.5 67.5 88.5 96 97.5 88 95.5 7 l 92.5 9 1 . 5 95.5

7921

7569

9312.25

5256.25

4970.25

5550.25

3600

4692.25

4489

55s0.25

4556,25

7832.25

92t6

9506.25

7744

9120.25

5041

8556.25

8372.2s

9120.25

67 66 69.5 75.5 74.5 63 63 64.5 87.5 72.5

68 64.s 77

86.5 69.5

63.s

67.5 79.5 84.5

83.s

4489 4356 4830.25 5700.2s 5550.25 3969 3969 4160.25 7656.25 5256.25 4624 4160.25 5929 7482.2s 4830.25 4032.25

4556.25 6320.25 7t40.2s 6972.25

t37975.25 105983.5

(29)

TEST OF HYPOTHESES;

1 . H o : m A = n D , t h e r e i s n o g r o u p s .

H a : m A > m B , m e a n s c o r e

d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n t h e n e a n

o f A g r o u p i s g r e a t e r t h a n D

g r o u p .

2 . t - t e s t ,

w h e r e d f . = n A + n D - 2 = 3 8

t ( 0 ' 0 5 ) = L t 7 2 5

3 . e a l c u a a t i q n f o r t o b s e r v a t i o n ( t o ) o f t h e T h i r d T r e a t m e n t :

x

o

x

) x

= -n

= 8 2 ' t 7 5

= L 2 , 3 9 8 2 9 1

= 7 2 r 3 5

= 8 , 2 4 9 5 6 1 4

= CONTROL

E x

=

-n

n = 2 0

n - - 2 0

x A -

x D

t o =

C O N C L U S I O N : B e c a u s e , / t

r e j e c t e d . H e n c e w e

s i g n i f i c a n t

o b s e r v a t i o n /

c o n c l u d e d i f f e r e n c e

3 , 1 2 3 1 5 9 >

t h a t a t a 0 b e t w e e n g r o u p s

I

+ - )

n D

t ( 0 , 0 5 )

, 0 5 l e v e l

: 3 , 1 2 3 1 5 9 0

s o H o i s

t h e r e i s

n ( e - 1 ) s ' A + ( n D - l ) s ' D

n A + n D - 2

I (

-n A

(30)

}IEANS CALCT'LATION BASED ON THE CONTENT ACHIEVEMENT

OF TIIE THIRD TREATIiENT "CATCHING A TEIEFN

( G R O U P A )

I

2

J

5

6

7

8

9

1 0

1 1

t 2

t 3

L 4

1 5

t 6

l 7

1 8

1 9

2 0

x

x '

x

x 2

2 7 ,5

2 7

2 9 , 5

2 t , 5

2 3 , 5

2 4 ,5

2 l

1 9 , 5

2 5 ,5

2 6 , 5

2 9

3 0

2 8 , 5

3 0

2 4

2 8 , 5

2 9

3 0

7 5 6 ,2 5

7 2 9

8 7 0 , 2 5

4 6 2 , 2 5

5 5 2 , 2 5

6 0 0 , 2 5

4 4 1

3 8 0 , 2 5

6 5 0 , 2 5

1 0 2 , 2 5

8 4 1

9 0 0

8 t 2 , 2 5

9 0 0

5 7 6

8 1 2 , 2 5

8 4 1

9 0 0

2 0 ,5

2 2 ,5

2 l

2 2 ,5

2 6 , 5

1 8

1 ? , 5

2 l

2 5 ,5

2 4

2 0 , 5

1 9 , 5

2 3 , 5

2 8

2 0 ,5

1 9

2 0

2 7 ,5

2 4 ,5

2 6

4 2 0 , 2 5

4 4 1

3 0 6 , 2 5

7 0 2 , 2 5

3 2 4

3 0 6 , 2 5

4 4 r

6 5 0 , 2 5

3 7 6

4 2 O . . 2 5

3 8 0 , 2 5

3 5 2 , 2 5

7 8 4

4 2 0 , 2 5

3 6 1

4 0 0

7 3 6 ,2 5

6 0 0 , 2 5

6 7 6

5 2 6

1 4 0 6 1 , 5

4 4 6 1 0 1 3 8

(31)

TEST OF IIYPOTITESES:

1 . H o : n A = m D , t h e r e g r o u p s .

H a : m A > m D , m e a n

i s n o d i f f e r e n c e b e t v e e n t h e m e a n

g r o u p .

2 . t - t e s t ,

w h e r e d f . = n A + n ; - 2 = 3 8

t ( 0 ' 0 5 ) = t , 7 2 5

x

= 2 2 1 3

= 3 , 1 8 0 5 3 3

n = 2 0

x A -

X D

t o =

1 1

( - + - )

n A

n C

= 3 ' 7 8 4 7 5

s o H o

t h e r e n ( A - 1 ) s ' A + ( n L - 1 ) s 2 D

n A + n D - 2

A _{C O N C L U S}_{I O N :}

B e c a u s e , / t r e j e c t e d . H e n c e w e s i g n i f i c a n t

o b s e r v a t i o n , / - 3 , 7 8 4 7 5 > t ( 0 , 0 5

c o n c l u d e t h a t a t a 0 , 0 5 I e v e d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n g r o u p s .

)

I

i s

l s

3 . c a l c u l a t i o n f o r t o b s e r v a t i o n ( t o ) o f t h e T h i r d T r e a t n e n t ' s C o n t e n t A c h i e v e m e n t :

X x

= -n

= 2 6 1 3

n = 2 0

= 3 ' 5 0 7 1 3 6

= CONTROL

E x

= -n

(32)

MEANS CALCULATION BASED

ON TEE ORGANIZATION ACHIEVEMENT OF TEE TIIIRD TREATMENT

"CATCHING A THIEF"

(cRouP A)

CONTROL GROUP( G R O U P D)

1

a J

5

6

8

9

1 0

1 1

t 2

1 3

l 4

1 5

t 6

t 7

1 8

1 9

2 0

x

x '

x

x 2

l 8

1 9

1 6 , 5

1 6

1 8

2 0

1 8

1 8 , 5

1 6

t 9

1 3 , 5

2 0

1 8 , 5

1 9

1 8 , 5

1 9

t 4

2 0

1 9 , 5

1 9

3 2 4

3 6 1

2 7 2 , 2 5

2 5 6

3 2 4

4 0 0

3 2 4

3 4 2 , 2 5

2 5 6

3 6 1

L 8 2 , 2 5

4 0 0

3 4 2 . . 2 5

3 6 1

3 4 2 , 2 5

3 6 1

t 9 6

4 0 0

3 8 0 , 2 5

3 6 1

1 6 , 5 1 0 , 5 1 1 1 ? '5 1 9 1 7 , 5 1 8 , 5 1 3 1 4 , 5 1 5 l 1 1 5 1 3 1 8 1 3 , 5 l 4 t 7 , 5 1 3 r 5 1 4 l 1

2 1 2 ,2 5

1 1 0 , 2 5

t 2 t

3 0 6 , 2 5

3 6 1

3 0 6 , 2 5

3 4 2 , 2 5

t 6 9

2 L 0 , 2 5

2 2 5

289

2 2 5

1 5 9

3 2 4

1 8 2 , 2 5

L 9 6

3 0 6 , 2 5

1 8 2 , 2 5

r 9 6

289

3 5 0

5 5 4 6 , 5

3 0 5 , 5

4 7 8 2 , 2 5

(33)

g r o u p .

2 , t - t e s t '

w h e r e d f . = n A + n D - 2 = 3 8

t ( 0 , 0 5 ) = 1 , 7 2 5

f o r

t

( t o )

b a s e d o n t h e

o r e a n i z a t i o n a c h i e v e n e n t o f t h e t h i r d t r e a t m e n t :

X x

=

-n

= 1 8

r r = 2 0

= 1 , 8 7 0 8 3 TEST OF EYPOTHESES:

l . H o : m A = m i , t h e r e g r o u p s .

H a ; m A > m D ' n e a n

1 5 , 2 7 5

n = 2 0

x

= CONTROL

> x

=

-n

x A

-= 2 , 4 6 8 Q 8 6

x D

t o = = 3 ' 9 3 4 9 6

C O N C L U S I O N : B e c a u s e , / t r e j e c t e d . H e n c e w e s i g n i f i c a n t

n ( A - 1 ) s t A + ( n D - l ) s ' D I

n A n A + n D - 2

o b s e r v a t i o n , / = 3 , 9 3 4 9 6 > t

c o n c l u d e t h a t a t a 0 , 0 5 d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n .

I l.

+ - )

n !

( 0 , 0 5 ) s o H o

l e v e l

t h e r e

l s

i s

( 2 x ) '

n E x ? - ( E x ) t

(34)

MEANS CALCUII\TION OF

EXPERIMENTAL

GROT]P

AND CONTROL GROUP ON THE POST TEST

"lrfY MOST EXCITING DAY'

CONTROL

GROUP

( G R O U P

D )

E)GERIMENTAL CROUP ( GROUP A)

6806.2s 5256.25 6642.25 3906.25 3721 6084 4830.25

5776 7744 29t6 8 2 8 1 4489

4970.2s 8 1 0 0 5700.25 6084 6 5 6 1 7056 7921 6400 83

83.5 96 76.5 67.5 68 68.5 7A 77.5 93.5 8 l 8 1 . 5 90.5 95 95 94 77.5 96 87.5 93

6889

6972.s

9216

s852.25

4556.25

4624

4692.2s

4900

6006.25

8742.25

6 s 6 l

6642.25

8 1 9 0 . 5

902s

9025

8836

6006.2s

9216

7656.25

8649

82.s

72.5 8 1 . 5

62.s

6 l 78 69.s 76 88 54 9 l 67 70.5 90 75.5 78 8 l 84 89 80

t19244.7 142257.5 1 5 3 I . 5

(35)

TEST OF HYPOTHESES:

1 . H o : m A = [ t E , g r o u p s . H a : m A ) t n i '

g r o u p .

t h e r e i s n o d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n t h e m e a n

m e a n s c o r e o f A g r o u p i s g r e a t e r t h a n D

j

t - t e s t '

w h e r e d f . = n A + n D - 2 = 3 8

t ( 0 , 0 5 ) = 1 , 7 2 5

C a l c u l a t i o n f o r t o b s e r v a t i o n ( t o ) o f t h e P o s t T e s t :

A : EXPERIMENT

E x

= 8 3 , 7 5

n = 2 0

= 1 0 ' 1 9 8 6 8 4

= CONTROL

E x

=

-n

- - 1 6 ,57 5

n = 2 0

= 1 0 , 1 8 2 8 9 3

x A - x O

x

F

x

t o =

1

( - +

n A

I - )

n D

( 0 , 0 5

l e v e l

= 2 , 2 2 6 4 5 5 2

) s o H o i s

t h e r e i s n ( A - l ) s t A + ( n D - l ) s ' D

n A + n D - 2

C O N C L U S I O N : B e c a u s e , / t r e j e c t e d . H e n c e w e s i g n i f i c a n t

o b s e r v a t i o n , / = 2 , 2 2 6 4 5 5 2 > t

(36)

MEANS CALCULATION BASED ON THE CONTENT ACEIEVETENT

OF THE POST TEST "MY MoST EXCITING DAY"

( G R O U P A) CONTROL GROUP( G R O U P _{D )}

I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 l

t 2

l 3 l 4 1 5 1 6 T 7 1 8 1 9 2 0

x

x 1

x

x z

2 8 ,5

2 7 ,5

2 8

2 0 ,5

2 4 ,5

2 2 , 5

2 2

2 6

2 4

2 8 , 5

2 9 ,5

2 8

2 8 ,5

2 4

2 9 ,5

2 1 ,S

2 8 , 5

8 L 2 , 2 5 7 5 6 , 2 5 7 8 4 4 2 0 , 2 5 6 0 0 , 2 5 5 0 6 , 2 5 4 8 4 4 8 4 4 8 4 6 7 6 5 7 6 8 t 2 , 2 5 8 7 0 , 2 5 8 7 0 , 2 5 7 8 4 8 1 2 , 2 5 5 7 6 8 7 0 , 2 5 7 5 6 , 2 5 8 1 2 , 2 5

2 4 r 5 2 2 2 l 2 5 r 5 2 6 , 5 2 1 , 5 2 7

2 t

2 2 ,5

2 2

2 7 ,5

2 6

2 3

2 7 ,5

1 9 , 5

2 l , 5

2 4 r s

1 8 , 5

2 0 , 5

2 7

6 0 0 , 2 5

4 8 4

4 4 1

6 5 0 , 2 5

7 0 2 , 2 5

1 5 6 ,2 5

7 2 9

4 4 1

5 0 6 , 2 5

4 8 4

7 5 6 r 2 5

6 7 6

5 2 9

7 5 6 , 2 5

3 8 0 ,2 5

4 6 2 , 2 5

6 0 0 ,2 5

3 4 2 , 2 5

4 2 O , 2 5

7 2 9

5 2 r

t 3 7 4 7

4 7 5 1 t 4 4 6

(37)

g r o u p .

2 . t - t e s t ,

w h e r e d f . = n A + n D - 2 = 3 8

t ( 0 ' 0 5 ) = l ' 7 2 5

3 . C a l c u l a t i o n f o r t o b s e r v a t i o n ( t o ) o f t h e p o s t T e s t B a s e d

o n t h e C o n t e n t A c h i e v e m e n t :

A : EXPERIMENT

TBST OF IIYPOTHESES:

1 . H o : m A = n D , t h e r e i s n o

g f o u p s .

H a : m A > rnD, mean score

d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n t h e m e a n

o f A g r o u p i s g r e a t e r t h a n D

= 2 6 , 0 5

\ = 2 0

= 3 , 0 3 4 4 5 1 3

= 2 3 r 7 5

n = 2 0

= 2 , 9 4 4 6 6 5

x

l x =

-n

= CONTROL

E x

=

-n

'.

x

x A - x D

t o =

= 2 , 4 3 2 6 0 t O

CONCLUS I ON : B e c a u s e / t r e j e c t e d . H e n c e w e s i g n i f i c a n t

o b s e r v a t i o n /

c o n c I u d e d i f f e r e n c e

n ( A - l ) s 2 A + ( n D - 1 ) s " D

n A + n B - 2

l l

( - + - )

n A

n D

= 2 , 4 3 2 6 Q 1 0 > t ( 0 , 0 5 ) s o H o

t h a t a t a 0 , 0 5 l e v e l t h e r e b e t w e e n g r o u p s .

i s

l s

(38)

MEANS CALCULATION BASBD ON THE ORGANIZATION ACBIEVEilENT

OF THE POST TEST "MY MosT EXCITING DAYN

N O . EXPERIMENTAL GROUP

( G R O U P A) CONTROL GROUP( G R O U P D)

I ,' 3 4 J 6 7 8 9 1 0 l 1

t 2

1 3

L 4 1 l 1 6 L 7 l 8 1 9 2 0

x

x 2

x

x 2

L 7 l 7 2 0 L 7 , 5 1 8 , 5 1 6 , 5 1 4 , 5 2 0 1 9 , 5 1 9 , 5 1 9 , 5 l 7 , 5 2 0 1 9 , 5 1 8 , 5 2 0 1 6 , 5 1 9 , 5 1 8 , 5 1 6 , 5

289

4 0 0

3 0 6

| 2 5

3 4 2 , 2 5

2 7 2 , 2 5

z t O ,2 5

4 0 0

3 8 0 , 2 5

3 8 0 ,2 5

3 0 6 , 2 5

4 0 0

3 8 0 , 2 5

3 4 2 , 2 5

4 0 0

2 7 2 , 2 5

3 8 0 , 2 5

3 4 2 , 2 5

2 7 2 , 2 5

1 8

L 4

1 8

t 7

t 2 , 5

1 3

l 3

l 6

1 8 , 5

1 0 , 5

1 8

1 5 , 5

1 4 , 5

1 8

1 5

1 ? ' 5

t 7

1 9

1 8

1 6 , 5

3 2 4

1 9 6

3 2 4

289

1 5 6 , 2 5

1 6 9

2 5 6

3 4 2 , 2 5

1 1 0 , 2 5

3 2 4

2 4 0 , 2 5

2 t 0 , 2 5

3 2 4

2 2 5

3 0 6 ,2 5

289

3 6 1

3 2 4

2 7 2 , 2 5

3 6 6 6 7 4 5 , 5

3 t9 , 5

5 2 1 1 , ? 5

(39)

TEST OF HYPOTHESES:

Ha : nA > mDr ttterlll

i s n o d i f f e r e n c e

s c o r e o f A g r o u p

b e t w e e n t h e n e a n

i s g r e a t e r t h a n D

g r o u p .

2 . t - t e s t ,

w h e r e d f . = n A + n D - 2 = 3 8

t ( 0 ' 0 5 ) = 1 , 7 2 5

f o r

t

( t o )

b a s e d o n t h e o r s a n i z a t i o n a c h i e v e m e n t o f P o s t T e s t :

A : EXPERIMENT

x

D

E x

=

-n

= CONTROL

> x

=

-n

= 1 8 r 3

= 1 , 5 8 4 4 6

= 1 5 , 9 7 5

= 2 , 3 8 1 2 6

n = 2 0

x A - x i

t o =

= 3 , 6 3 5 2 5

n ( A - 1 ) s 2 A + ( n D - l ) s 2 D

n A + n D - 2

1 - )

n D

( 0 , 0 5 ) _{s o H o}

l e v e l t h e r e

I

( - +

n A

C O N C L U S I O N : B e c a u s e r / t r e j e c t e d . H e n c e w e s i g n i f i c a n t

o b s e r v a t i o n , / = 3 , 6 3 5 2 5 > t

l s

(40)

'

t s L c o l . t P o s l ' r I o l t

P n o P l L E

.DAT{I.

. T O p

l . c

STUDZIIT

r c€a.! ' L!r/zr, cstrrntt'

IE

IH

ffi

H

' ;

T

l l . t l l l . t t

i r r ; r r

" I l ' 1 1

Ergfl&tE lrf vllrl cpalFtaerl1tj..ll. . .rlrj.J!lr. . i J r r t i o t a l r . r l L r r r l t . . d ! . ? I t

t i o c o W t t q f E a a l q r r b o r l r . t r r l r \ b , r . t I r a . i { . t . t . a t o , \ l r r l r o r o r U T t r l r v r t t . t o

ilE t€ tao4l llrl!.., lrwl.al.. .l { r v d o r r r e t a , l r t t . .

Ittt t€ar I Jorr rr: rlqr l.lant r.Jl e

t l i t t L i f _{i f i} j r i r l o j r r r r b . t _ . , r l . ! . I t l . l i . . l l . ' r l r 9 -J o t r t l

. . o l r t t l r r | t l t P r r r l n r t o

t G ? 1 . , l ^ | t 1 . . 1 ,

. u ) r r c ! . t l t U . .!:t. tr rc. | | nl a.+rr t. o f r r l J r a l . D 3 . . . ' l b . t r . ! l r r a r o q t . r t l . . . l

t u o c t i o ! a u r l t - c t t r ! l l r d . l t A l o r l r r l r r a o ! r 9 | o c A e r t r r l t - l l € a ' o t o l t ( l l g t | . G . r y L r t r l r f n ' r toorrly orlrrtrsl t n r t . r l r

t l y l t r J . u p t & \ t l d : t t . . _{l . L r t l r d o r r l . L r - l k t . q i l i i}

t l . l c r A t i r i - l s i i r ^ i i i . l l , i r r r . t i u r o c i ( u r r d o i t t r o o i r r a t r d r l r t r l o l t l l

r . . $ l . 5 a l t t a f a a l t . l 3 F . o t

f . t r ' r r f t q i t t f . . a r a ! t c i r r i t r l G t t r o l o o r l r r l t r t l a n r o r . o ! . 6 G J l b t o r v r l r r i r

l C - t l : r . - r 1 p 9 1 l ! l t t t O g r t f t r i r r p r . r , t q . r l J . r . r t r r r t t r t r t d r r e F t o . t . l I

l a . a . r ! t i / a , t l I

t t o t f t t ' { l J r r _{t i Vfit oaa0t td}htrlt.rt rrrgr I rr(.otlv. raord/t{lcrr ctotc'r r r,l}

. . . u r r t i t t o , d t r l r t r r t . r t . r l ? r o e r l r t . t ( 4 l r t . t l t - t l O } S O tO t v f t j a t I a d t e l r l a t r ! ! . . Go€rrtorrl rrr

r r . t . L u ! r 9 - l r ; r o i r A r a r { / l l l o r 3 c r r . c l o l o r , l ! . t ! t u : r t O t o { l t l l t l t . a r . a l . I t3..f\r.!! .s?o.r ol v o r d / l d l t r r ( o . r . o l c l G . , r . t l .

t - l a roritDt I t r t . t t a t r rcrfSrr,l r r a . . . D l l I l l r or clrr qrr orlt r r r . l . t r l l l r l r G r r b r l t r t .

I

I t l t . l c a t I t r a t D _{t t r r r . l . ! t s n} . t t r l l r t a c y l r d g r o l

l J t c r r , u q r { t o . r I c l r c t r r c r r t h t c . v . l t . t . t t o , f t r l r r r r t . r t . r l ? r o e r l r t . r r 4 l r r r r

t O t v l l j ! ' I a d t $ t 1 1 . t r ! ! . . Go€rrlolrt rrrorr ol 9or, L u l r $rtDt rol (l..rlrra

r r - t t

, l - l t

t r - ! l

r a-t

l ! C i ( t l J v t ! e . Y r r l O | . a t r l l r n f l v r - e a r y t 1 1 - q 3 1 l 1 r r r G r l o o _{. avJ .rrcrt rl t,rLqr.,lr} r t r J r r r r r r l r t t t . v c l a t t a t t l a ! o r ! l o c , o c , . i r l ! l t . , . i f l ! 1 t . . ! . 6 . a ! . . . _{t , . o . q r o . r p r c p o r l r l o i i}r e r r r r t r t e r r ' ' ' . - . o o P t { t r Y f f r g ! 3 l ( . a t t v . g . r t rlrylr ooo.rFrcil;o r rlolr'l.'J!".. _{t r o c r p i . r}

! € g l l r u o B t O l a t a v a t a l a t t o t , ! f l r t r { d i ! t . t . r . . . . u r \ a r . r r - r { i r a ^ , r r u . r l ^

-i . . . s -i - - . r f -i t r . l e r t f c c . e r . r t . r l r l . t r a € o D t r t . c q o l t t { o t l o ' | _{| ttr.t{r!t rrtart !l} l . t . t t o i , t t r o c r r t ! 1 t . ! r . , _{t u t b . r . V o r l c i J r r / l u o c r l o n . r ? t t o t r r r ' l i j o o , t i i . '} t t a s o a l l a a a t r t a l a t t t a s . a r l r , r l , a - o r . , l r t r i l o n r . r . . . t ! t o a o f r r r d o r . - l r . a r r L r

t r . 9 o . t t a . t . t l o r i . . r . . a t ! t _{o a o l r r r d ! f t t . 6 J r l t}

l=!_F1l1 "!rll,_t!! l r r . r , a ac.a rcg o-cnrrtrt.r!. .- o|t rot jLry.fLr"..v.tutt..! ':!,1.{ !{'..rLTo. rcorrNo!too ..ir., r r."ri,tJ ii.

t ttc.E l c . * l l l t N l l t t l C O 0 0 t a . r o l l t r r t r t ! r r t i r t c f G o r v r a t l o o r

l r . l l t a t t D u n r g u r l l c i . r r t l u l ' b r t l o ! . l r r r i r r r L t a o I l r l r r t o ? t o (

. ! ? ! l l l g t i - D u n r s u r t l c i r . l t l u l l r r t l o ! . p 1 y j i 1 , ! b i o e I c a Q p tg lvt+Fl t 96c.ltoltl rriorr ot rpit.tiil'r-eurc a Q p l g l v t l l E t t o.c.ltolrl r r i o r r o t r o i

p r r r l r r p b l r j L u t l r r r t r t _{t r p t o l r . c ! r .}r p t o l r . e { r . J - > . D r r . ' o l u . t t o r . € . p l t . | | | t ! 1 o . . t . r . l r a D D l r t D u l l r . a l . t r p t c r . c \ l r . a

I t l l l _{! g . t \ O O r a , r . $ r r r t r . r r e t r . f r p r l l l , r l , ? . . . ! u . t l o , r r o r r t t r l ( r . ! l t v l ,} , . t l r r O . r p \ l ! t . p o i r t r r r l v e l i l r t r . . r r I c i' c o r t u r . d o r r g r o s r r l

f - Y l t l D + g r l t l r a l l a a v o l t g n v r r t l o r r r a . i l r r t . t L e . ' . ^ ' . . . . f a t l > 9 : t ! r r r . l l . s f r l e n v r r t l o n r r a . l r l ! r r . d b t r r i o . r o ( r 1 r t t l 1 1 ,- t " ( | t I g I I I t I t t o t , t U i c r t | r r t o . r . t r r t C r r D l l ! { . l r r d v t i r l o a t l l . a t r i r . o r 't - : C I t I g .r I I t | | I o t , t U i c t t | r t t o . r . t t r t C r r t l l ! t . l . . d r , r t ! l n ! t l l r l l U i r _{. r a t t L}. - l : - : - ! - r < n r ! . r . c D t r r r o . t o ( t l . t l r ! r ,. o ^ i o r

t . r v r l g r i .

(41)

THE EXPERIMENT RESULTS BASED ON THE WRITING ASSIGNIiIENTS

llurber

0 l

I t u d e n t s

TRTATIEIIT { t )

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1921 1569 9 1 1 2 , 2 5 J 2 5 6 , 2 5 t 9 ? 0 , 2 J 5 5 50,25 I 6 0 0 1692,25 I f 8 9 5 5 J o , 2 5 {5 5 6,25 ?8t _{2 ,2J} 9Xt6 9 5 0 6 , 2 5 17tl 9 l lo ,25 5 0 { I 8 5 5 6 , 2 5 8 l ? 1 , 2 1 9 1 2 0 , 3 5

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(42)

TEE CONTROL RESULTS BASED ON THE TRITING ASSTGNMENTS

IlrIet o f ! t r d i r t r

ilErtrilt

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I t 5 9 lrt : 9llt9,5I r : l 5 0 l r 5 l r t : l l l ? { 0 , ?lr : lllT h t : l 0 ! 9 t t , 5l r : 1 5 ! 1 , 5 l r t : l l 9 1 { t , ? J

(43)

Thc Findings Based on thc Writing Assignmcn6

TITLES TECHN.

X

SD t-table obtained+

The Brave Mountain Climber @irst Tr.) Waiting for a Bus (Second Treatment) Catching a Thief (Third Treatment) My Most Exciting Day @ost Test)

PS LV

PS LV PS LV

74.825 67.95 82.5

7< )',r< 82.r75 72.35 83.75 76.575

10.0E9436 7 . 1 6 5 1 6 10.064267

9.0749366 12398291

8.2495614 10.198684 10.182893

t.725

r.725

1.725

r.725

1.761?760

2.4@8205

3.r23159

(44)

THE FINDINGS BASED ON TEE LEVEL CRITERIA TYPEOF ESLGUIDELINES

TOPIC TEVELOF

CRITERIA

TECH

x

SD t-table obtain€d-t

s^ls

The Brave Mountain Climber (First

Treat-ment).

Conte{rt PS

LV

24.425 2t.75

2.56t224 2.6t3225

r.725

3.26937

s

Organization PS LV

16.525 t4.475

2.953477 2.t36617

r.725

2 . 5 1 5 0

s

Waiting for a Bus (Second Treatment)

Content PS

LV

26.r

22.775

2.7984% 3.753858

t.725 3.t75825

s

Organization PS LV

t8.225 l3-95

t.874167 2.175824

1.725 10.36866

s

Catching a Thief (Third TreatmeoQ

Content PS

LV

26.t 22.3

3.50?136 3.180553

t.725 3.78475

s

Organization PS LV

l 8

rs.275

1.87083 2.468086

r.725

3.93496

s

My Most Exciting Day @ost Test)

Content PS

LV

26.O5 23.75

3.O3445r 2.94465

r.725

2.432@

s

Organization PS LV

1 8 . 3 t5.975

1.58,,{46 2.38126

t.725 3.63525

s

where :