Analysis Kinds of Phrasal Verbs in the TED Talk Speech “The Power of Introverts” Produced by Susan Cain in Edition on March 2012 - Test Repository

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ANALYSIS KINDS OF PHRASAL VERBS IN THE TED TALK

SPEECH “

THE POWER OF INTROVERTS

” PRODUCED BY

SUSAN CAIN IN EDITION ON MARCH 2018

A GRADUATING PAPER

Submitting to the Board of Examiners as a partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan (S.Pd)

By:

ANGLILA WIKASITAKUSUMANING AHAYU

113 14 087

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

STATE INSTITUTE FOR ISLAMIC STUDIES (IAIN)

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Motto

“No Sacrifice, No Victory”

(Transformers 2)

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DEDICATION

This graduating paper is sincerely dedicated for:

 My beloved mother (Ronita Agustina) who always pray, give supports and

motivations for me.

 My beloved little brother and sister and my big family who always give

my life with love and happiness.

 My consultant Dr. Sa‟adi, M.Ag who always guides and motivates for me.

 My Slanted crazy mad freaky friend Konco Rayap (Tasfiatun N) thank

you for always be in all my condition, especially when I‟m doing my

graduating paper.

 My beloved friends (Aufi, Aya, Mira, and Ririn) you cheer up my day and

give me some supports to do my graduating paper.

 My beloved someone in my heart. Here you are, my big bro (Cahya) who

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BLES OF CONTENTS

TITLE ... i

DECLARATION ... ii

ATTENTIVE COUNSELOR‟S NOTES ... iii

PAGE OF CERTIFICATION ... iv

MOTTO ... v

DEDICATION ... vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... ix

LIST OF TABLE ... xiii

ABSTRACT ... xiv

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study ... 1

B. Problem of the Study ... 3

C. Objective of the Study ... 4

D. Significant of the Study ... 4

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F. Definition of the Key Terms ... 5

G. Organization of the Study ... 6

CHAPTER II: THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK A. Previous Research Review ... 8

B. Phrasal Verbs... 10

1. The Definition of Phrasal Verbs ... 10

2. Literal and Non-Literal Meaning of Phrasal Verbs ... 10

3. Types of Phrasal Verbs ... 11

4. The Grammar Pattern of Phrasal Verbs ... 12

5. The Most Common Verbs in Phrasal Verbs ... 14

6. Synonyms of Phrasal Verbs ... 14

C. Particles in Phrasal Verbs ... 14

1. The Definition of Particle ... 14

a. Particle “Up” ... 15

b. Particle “Out” ... 15

c. Particle “Off”... 15

d. Particle “On and In” ... 16

e. Particle “Down and Over”... 16

f. Particle “Around and About” ... 17

g. Particle “For and With” ... 18

h. Particle “Through and Back” ... 18

i. Particle “Into and Away” ... 19

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CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD

A. Research Object... 20

B. Design of the Research ... 20

1. Primary Source ... 20

2. Secondary Source ... 21

C. Types of the Research ... 21

D. Technique of Data Collection ... 21

E. Technique of Data Analysis ... 22

CHAPTER IV: DATA ANALYSIS A. The Types of Phrasal Verbs Which Are Used in The Speech ... 23

1. List of Phrasal Verbs in The Speech ... 23

2. The Analysis of Phrasal Verbs ... 26

B. The Kinds of Phrasal Verbs Which Are Used in The Speech ... 51

CHAPTER V: CLOSURE A. Conclusion ... 52

B. Suggestion ... 52

REFERENCES ... 54

APPENDIX ... 56

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LISTS OF TABLE

Table 4.1 Phrasal Verbs Found in the Speech... 23

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ABSTRACT

Ahayu, Anglila Wikasitakusumaning. 2018. Analysis Kinds of Phrasal Verbs in the TED Talk Speech Produced by Susan Cain in Edition on March, 2012. Graduating Paper, English Education Department. State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga. Counselor: Dr. Sa‟adi, M.Ag.

Key Words: Analysis; Descriptive Qualitative Approach; Phrasal Verbs;

Speech.

The writer conducted the research about an analysis of phrasal verbs in the TED talk speech produced by Susan Cain in edition on March, 2012. The aim of this research are: (1) to describe kinds of phrasal verbs which are used in the formal communication in TED talk speech “The Power of Introverts” which is produced by Susan Cain in edition on March, 2012. (2) to find out the dominants of phrasal verbs in the formal communication in TED talk speech “The Power of Introverts” which is produced by Susan Cain in edition on March, 2012.

This research explained about the kinds of phrasal verbs which are used in the speech. This research used descriptive qualitative approach methodology as the research design. The writer used a speech from primary data.

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of The Study

Language is a communication tool which is used by all of the

humans in the world. According to Risdianto (2013: 1), “Language is

produced as a vital means to deliver messages or communicate messages

by the use of speaking (the act of sound production), symbol or symbol

writing”. As widely known there are many kinds of language in the world.

Each country has different language and character (Some of them are:

Indonesian, English, French, etc). The use of language is very important in

our daily life, by using language the people are able to deliver their

messages with others, and also they can make an interaction as their

position as the member of society. Especially for English. It becomes

foreign language in Indonesia. Nowadays, English is not just a language in

use, but it also be used in learning.

In this modern era, English plays an important role in an

international interaction. In Indonesia, English becomes a subject matter in

every school because learning English is important for getting scholarship

and it is also important if somebody wants to go to abroad. In Indonesia,

every education stage starts from kindergarten until university learn

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mastering it. It may due to interference of habit from the local language

(Indonesian) because the grammar structure of them are different.

Breadsmore (1982) as cited in Bhela (1999), suggests that many of the

difficulties in learning a second language deals with the phonology,

vocabulary and grammar of second language (L2) they may be due to the

interference of habits from L1 (Indonesian). One example of the

difficulties that student find is phrasal verb.

As indicated earlier, phrasal verbs are widely used by the native

speakers of English in the oral and written communication. According to

Bolton (2012, n.p.) as cited in Mahmoud Abdulmoneim (2015: 263) states

that most of the native English speaker uses one or more of phrasal verb in

their daily life. It can be said that most of the sentences, paragraphs,

novels, films, speech in English use phrasal verbs. It means as the learner

of English, the students could not ignore the use of phrasal verbs in their

daily life.

English has many phrasal verbs. Even it is used from daily

conversation to the formal and informal conversations. As stated by

Mahmoud Abdulmoneim (2015) “phrasal verb is a combination of two or

three words functioning as a unit of meaning”. In the other definition, the

form of phrasal verb is made up of main verb with an adverb or

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phrasal verbs are the combination of two or three words that is consist of

verb and adverb or verb and preposition.

Based on the explanation above, the writer is inspired to make an

analysis of the use of phrasal verbs in formal communication speech that is

produced by American writer, Susan Cain. The writer takes TED Talk

Speech because it is a web that provide many kinds of speech. In the TED

Talk Speech, the somebody can find a speech easily. The reason why the

writer takes this speech is because the writer likes the speaker and the

contents of the speech. This speech talks about the power of introverts.

Therefore, the writer is interested in conducting a research entitled:

“Analysis Kinds of Phrasal Verbs in The TED Talk Speech “The Power of

Introverts” Produced by Susan Cain in Edition on March, 2012”.

B. Problem of The Study

Based on the background of study, the writer formulates the problems of

the study as follows:

1. What types of phrasal verbs are used in the formal communication in

TED talk speech “The Power of Introverts” that is produced by Susan

Cain in edition on March, 2012?

2. What are the dominants of phrasal verbs found in the formal

communication in TED talk speech “The Power of Introverts” that is

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C. Objective of The Study

The objectives of the study can be stated as follows:

1. To describe kinds of phrasal verbs which are used in the formal

communication in TED talk speech “The Power of Introverts” which is

produced by Susan Cain in edition on March, 2012.

2. To find out the dominants of phrasal verbs in the formal

communication in TED talk speech “The Power of Introverts” which is

produced by Susan Cain in edition on March, 2012.

D. Significance of The Study

By doing the research, the writer hopes that:

1. Theoretical significance

a. The writer expects that this study is able to contribute significantly

about phrasal verbs.

2. Practical significances

a. The result of the study can be used to increase the students master

and to use the phrasal verbs.

b. The result of this study can be used as a reference to the other

research dealing with phrasal verbs.

E. Limitation of The Study

In this analysis, the writer limits the study about the kinds of

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Introverts” that is produced by Susan Cain in Edition on March, 2012 in

order to give a clear description. This research is focused on the analysis

of the sentences represent phrasal verbs.

F. Definition of The Key Terms

The definition of the keywords in this study which related to the study can

be explain as follows:

1. Analysis

Tom Ritchey (1996: n.p.) states, “Analysis is defined as the

procedure by which we break down an intellectual or substantial whole

into parts or components”.

“Analysis is the process of studying or examining something in an

organized way to learn more about it, or a particular study of

something”. (http://dictionary.cambridge.org on August,29 2018 at 20:16 p.m.)

2. Phrasal Verb

“Phrasal Verb is a combination of verbs and prepositions or

particles but semantically their meaning are generally not the direct

sum of their part” R. Geetha‟ & Stephen Jabenesan (2015:24).

“Phrasal verb is a combination of two or three words functioning

as a unit of meaning” Abdulmoneim (2015:261).

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“Speech is the expression of or the ability to express thoughts and

feelings by articulate sounds. Speech is also a formal address or

discourse delivered to an audience” (http://en.oxforddictionaries.com

on July, 14 2018 at 14:49 p.m.).

G. Organization of The Study

To help the readers understanding the whole contents of this paper,

the writer divides it into five chapters. Each chapter has different contents

as follows:

Chapter I is introduction, in this chapter will consist of background

of the study, problem of the study, objectives of the study, significances of

the study, limitation of the study, the definition of the key terms, previous

research review, method of the research, and organization of the study.

Chapter II describes about theoretical framework which consists of

the theories that are used by the writer and previous researches review.

Those are the definition of phrasal, and the kinds of phrasal verbs and their

explanations.

Chapter III discusses about the type of the study, method of the

study, object of the study, technique of collecting data, and technique of

analyzing data.

Chapter IV is data analysis. In this chapter the writer explains

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Chapter V is closure which consists of conclusion and suggestion.

In this chapter the writer is going to inform the conclusion of the data

analysis in summary and give some suggestions to better learning that

deals with phrasal verb.

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CHAPTER II

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter covers definitions and theories which are related to the

research object. The supporting theories are needed to help to solve the

research.

A. Review of Previous Researches

In this research paper, the writer takes five previous research study.

The first is the research from Jamil (2013). This research studies about the

translation analysis of English phrasal verb in Endless Night novel. The

objectives of this research are to classify the translation shift of phrasal

verbs and to describe the equivalence of phrasal verbs and it‟s translation.

This research applies descriptive qualitative research. In collecting the data

this research uses documentation method and technique of coding.

The second research is from Adawiyah (2015). The purpose of this

study is to measure the effect of the effect of song lyrics listening on

phrasal verb mastery of second grade students of MAN Model

Palangkaraya. The types of this research is experimental study especially

non-randomize control group, pre-test – post-test design. This research

uses qualitative approach in finding out the answer of the problem study.

The third research is from Astrid (2010). The purpose of this study

is to find and describe the meaning of separable and inseparable phrasal

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and describe the meaning of transitive and intransitive phrasal verbs in

Linkin Park‟s selected lyrics. The method which is used to analyse the

data is descriptive method.

The fourth research is from Manik (n.d). This research is aim to

find out the kinds of phrasal verb and the meaning of the phrase verb in

the movie Pride and Prejudice and the meanings of the phrasal verbs. The

object of this research is “Pride and Prejudice” film. This research is a

descriptive study. The data are collected from the conversations of the

characters of the movie.

The fifth research is from Siregar (2013). This research is aim to

find out the kinds of phrasal verbs which are used in the novel of Khaled

Hosseini. There are 3 problems discussed in this research, such as types of

phrasal verbs, functions of particles in phrasal verbs and types of semantic

distinction found in phrasal verbs.

To differentiate with those researches above, this research is

focused on the kinds of phrasal verbs which are used in the speech of

Susan Cain “The Power of Introverts” in edition on March, 2012 and the dominants of phrasal verbs which are used in the speech. From those

previous researches above most of the researcher use novel and song lyrics

for the object of their research but, here the writer is interested in using

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B. Phrasal Verb

1. The Definition of Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal verbs are frequently found in English. It commonly used in

both spoken and written English. According to John Flower (1993:7),

“a phrasal verb is a verb plus one or two particles”. It means that

phrasal verbs are verbs that are combine with verbs (such as; bring,

get, go, put, take, turn) and prepositions (such as; up, down, out, in,

off, on) but it can be easier to think of them as all particles. Some

examples of phrasal verbs are; bring on, take out, go off, get on, and

etc. According to McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004:6), “Phrasal verbs are

verbs that consist of a verb and a particle”. Particles here are adverb

and preposition (McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004:6). It can be concluded

that phrasal verbs are the combination of two or three words that is

consist of verb and adverb, or verb and preposition.

2. Literal and Non-Literal Meaning of Phrasal Verb

There are many phrasal verbs in English. Some of them have literal

meanings. It means that the meaning can be guessed. Some of phrasal

verbs also have non-literal meaning, which mean that it is more

complicated to guess the meaning, unless the context is clear. For the

example as follows:

a. He lookedup and saw the plane overhead. (here the meanings of the verb „look‟ and „up‟ have not changed – the meaning of the phrasal

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b. He looked up all the words he didn‟t understand in his new dictionary. (here the meaning has changed. „look up‟ means to seek

information in a reference book). (http://unienglish.curtin.edu.au on August, 03 2018 at 15:28 p.m.).

3. Types of Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal verbs occur most frequently in spoken English it usually

informal in style. Often in formal style it can be found in writing

essays, and the phrasal verb is replaced with more formal form. Every

phrasal verb has their own grammar and word order. Therefore, there

are four types of phrasal verbs according to

(http://unienglish.curtin.edu.au on August, 03 2018 at 15:30 p.m.) as follows:

a. Type 1: some phrasal verbs are intransitive. It means that verb

does not take an object. The verb cannot be separated from its

particle. For the example of Intransitive and inseparable:

1) The plane took off at 4 pm

2) The plane took off without me

b. Type 2: some phrasal verbs are transitive. It means that the

verb has an object. They are also separable, which means that

the verb can be separated from its particle. For the example of

transitive and separable:

1) He looked the word up in the dictionary

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c. Type 3: some phrasal verbs are transitive and inseparable. It

means that it is impossible to place another word between verb

and its particle. For the example of transitive and inseparable:

1) I‟m looking for Lee

2) Someone must look after him

d. Type 4: phrasal verbs are also inseparable because they have

two particles following the verb. These verbs are normally

written with someone and/or something after them to show that

they can‟t be separated. For the example:

1) I‟m really looking forward to my holiday

2) They have run out of gasoline

4. The Grammar Pattern of Phrasal Verb

According to McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004: 6) the grammar pattern

example of phrasal verb whether the verb takes an object as follows:

Note: sth means something; sb means someone.

grammar pattern comment example

eat out The verb is used without an object

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look after sb/sth The object must come after the particle package at her house. I dropped the

5. The most common verbs in phrasal verbs

There are twenty verbs that are usually used to form part of phrasal

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knock, look, make, pass, pick, pull, put, run, set, take, turn). Actually,

the verbs above have some concrete meanings, but when they are part

of phrasal verbs they often have abstract meaning. Sometimes the

concrete meaning can help to guess the abstract meaning for example,

you can look back to wave goodbye to someone as you leave in a car

(concrete meaning – look behind you), or you can look back on your

past life (abstract meaning – remember or recall) McCarthy & O‟Dell

(2004: 8).

6. Synonyms of Phrasal Verbs

A phrasal verb can be replaced by a single verb with a verb which

has the same meaning, and the use of single verb often, but not always

more formal. For the example, the word “put off” can be replaced with

“postpone” (Let‟s put off the meeting until Friday with Let‟s postpone the meeting until Friday) McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004: 8).

C. Particles in Phrasal Verbs

1. The Definition of Particle

As already known, particle in phrasal verbs are preposition and

adverb. In some phrasal verbs the particle has a clear basic meaning.

According to McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004: 6) “Particles are small words

which you already know as preposition or adverb”. There are some of

common particles in phrasal verb: about, around, at, away, back, down,

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the particles above according to McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004:10) as

follows:

a. The particle “Up”

This particle sometimes expresses the idea of completing something or

totally finishing something e.g. I‟d used up all my energy and I was too tired to do anything. Sometimes this particle can be used for emphasis: Eat up your vegetables, Children!, Drink up your juice!. These sentences could be written without up, but using up emphasis the meaning of „finish it all or completely‟. McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004:30)

b. The particle “Out”

Many phrasal verbs which use this particle, have a basic meaning of

out, i.e. not in. for example: Do exercise 8 but leave out number 10. Particle out also gives an idea doing something to the end or completing

something, e.g. I sorted out my room on Sunday. It means that arranged

things that were untidy. McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004:32)

c. The particle “Off”

This particle means leaving places e.g. We should head off at about six

tomorrow, next it can be ending or changing state means that it expresses an idea of moving towards an ending or change of state e.g.

I‟ll come and see you off at the airport tomorrow. It means that go to

the airport in order to say goodbye. McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004:34)

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The particle On sometimes has a clear basic meaning with the physical meaning of “on” e.g. Never buy shoes without trying them

on!. It means that putting on a piece of clothing to see whether it fits and whether you like it. The particle On is also used with verb where

there is an idea of dependence e.g. You can always rely/depend/count

on Jim!. Then, particle on in phrasal verb also contain an idea of further e.g. You must keep on trying!. It means that continue to do something. Particle „In‟ in the phrasal verb it has a link with basic

physical meaning of in. For example, Please, call in and see us when you are next in town. It means that visit a place or person for a short time, usually when you are going to somewhere else. Another

example, Make sure you leave the office by 6.30 p.m. or you‟ll be

lookedin. It has a meaning that prevent someone from leaving a room

or building by locking the doors. McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004:36).

e. Particle “Down and Over”

There are many kinds of meaning of particle down (such as; move in

the direction of the ground, heaviness which causes difficulty, put on

paper, reduce a number or amount, or not let it rise, and stop an

activity). For the examples are: I‟ll write down your phone number, or

else I‟ll forget it. It means that write something on a piece of paper so

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people have lost their jobs. It means that it is closed and stopped working. There are many kinds of meaning in particle “over”. For

examples, Could you read over Philippa‟s latest report?. It means read something from beginning to the end in order to find any

mistakes or to understand it better. We can go over it when we meet tomorrow. It means that talk or think about something in order to explain it or make sure that it is correct. I‟m sure she‟ll get over soon. It means that recover from an illness or disappointment. She also fell over and hurt her knee quite badly. It has a meaning fell to the ground. McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004:38).

f. Particle “Around and About”

Particle around and about are often interchangeable in phrasal verbs: both particles are equally possible with all the verbs. These particles

are often express an idea of acting in relaxed way, or without a

particular purpose or without concentrating. For examples are: If you can wait around/about for an hour, we should be able to tell you your result. It means that stay in one place without doing anything as you wait for something to happen. I hate the way he just lies around all

day watching TV while I‟m working. It means that spend time lying down doing very little. Sometimes particle around/about to describe where we belong in (being in a place). For examples are: Can you

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around/round. It has a meaning done with someone to a place that

have not visited before and show the interesting part of it. McCarthy

& O‟Dell (2004:40).

g. Particle “For and With”

For examples, I think you should go for it. It means that try to get or

achieve it. We‟ll be rooting for you. It has an informal meaning: showing support for someone in a competition, or hoping that you‟ll

succeed. I think a letter „R‟ is stands for „Restaurant‟. It means a letter of a word or name is used to represent it. Then, particle with for

examples, His latest book deals with the civil war of 1984-1989. It means that if something such as book, film, article it can be related to

a particular subject or idea, it is about that subject or idea. I know,

studying PhD is hard, but I think you should stick with it. It means that continue doing something even though it is difficult. McCarthy &

O‟Dell (2004:42).

h. Particle “Through and Back”

Particle through in phrasal verb gives an idea of going from one side of something to the other, or from the beginning to the end of

something. For example, If you sleepthrough a loud noise or activity, it does not wake you. Then particle back is usually convey the idea of returning. For example, If you go to the shop to exchange it in person

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i. Particle “Into and Away”

For examples, Car problems again today! Must look into getting a new one. It means that investigate and examine the facts about a problem or situation. Met Liam today, He went into his marriage problems in great details. It has a meaning that describe and discussed something in detail way. Next about particle away there are some examples of particle away such as; I think I should stay away from

desserts. I‟m putting on weights. It has a meaning avoid something that has a bad effect on you. Did you ever run away from your home as a child?. It means secretly leave a place because you are unhappy there. McCarthy & O‟Dell (2004:46).

2. Place of Particle in Phrasal Verb

Very often that the particle comes immediately after the verb, but

this is not always. Sometimes the particle has to go after the verb (e.g.

The cat stayed on top of the tree and only got gown for eat meal), then sometimes the particle immediately after the object (e.g. This terrible weather is getting many people down – means that making them depressed), and sometimes the particle may go before or after the object

(e.g. Did you get down all the information? – means that manage to make

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CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methodology which is used by the

researcher to analyse the data.

H. Research Object

The object of this research is the phrasal verbs which are spoken by

Susan Cain in “TED Talk Speech (2012): The Power of Introverts”. I. Design of The Research

In this research, the writer uses descriptive qualitative research

approach. The writer choses this method because it is compatible with the

research where the data is from of words.

Descriptive analysis means to analyse the data which has been

described; it is the research based on the fact taken from the transcript of

the speech. The analyses in qualitative research concern in understanding

the result of found data rather than calculate the result of found data

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The data sources are all the information or subjects that should be

collected and chosen by the writer (Arikunto, 1998: 114). In this research

there are two types of the data resources they are: primary and secondary

sources.

1. Primary Sources

Primary source is the main source of this research which

becomes the basic of the research. Based on the title of this

research, the primary source of this research is taken from “TED

Talk Speech (2012): The Power of Introverts” a speech by Susan

Cain.

2. Secondary Sources

Secondary source is the supporting data to make the

primary data to be more clearly and detail. The supporting data is

taken from educational books, relevant journals and other relevant

theories.

J. Types of The Research

In this research, the researcher uses literature research. As already

known that literature research needs another literature material to deal with

the research. By literature research, the writer can collect the data from

books and relevant journals.

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In this research, the writer uses documentation as the way to collect

the data. According to Arikunto (2010: 201), documentation is from the

original word document, which means that stuff writing. In implementing

the method of documentation, researcher investigates the objects written as

transcript of a speech, books, novels, documents and so on. In this

research, the writer uses documentation method to analyse data from

“TED Talk Speech: The Power of Introverts”. To sum up the steps that are

used to collect the data are as follows:

a. The researcher reads all the transcripts of the speech.

b. The researcher selected the phrasal verbs which are found in the

speech.

c. The researcher took a note about the phrasal verbs from the speech.

L. Technique of Data Analysis

According to Creswell (2007:148) there are some steps which can

use to make data analysis in qualitative research as follows:

a. Preparing The Data

In this part the researcher downloads the video and the transcript of

the object of the research. In here the researcher uses speech as the

object.

b. Organizing The Data

In this step the researcher reads all of the transcript of the speech and

selected the phrasal verbs which are found in the transcript.

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The researcher takes a note and classify the phrasal verbs based on

the types of the phrasal verbs. In this step the writer made a table

from the list of the phrasal verbs that were found in the speech. After

conveying the table the writer described the types and the meaning of

phrasal verbs.

CHAPTER IV

DATA ANALYSIS

In this chapter the writer would like to analyse the data presented

as follows:

A. The Types of Phrasal Verbs Which Are Used in The Speech

1. The Data Lists of Phrasal Verbs in The Speech

The table below shows the phrasal verbs which are found in the speech

of Susan Cain “The Power of Introverts”

Table 4.1 Phrasal Verbs Found in The Speech

No Phrasal Verbs Found in The

Speech

Minute

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2. figure out 01:07

3. go off 01:22

4. Took (my book) out 01:32

5. came up 01:32

6. came up 01:32

7. put (my books) away 01:54

8. calling out 01:54

9. go off 02:19

10. when it comes to 03:07

11. switched on 03:51

12. put (ourselves) in 03:51

13. comes in 04:29

14. comes from 04:29

15. working in 04:54

16. depend on 04:54

17. go off 04:54

18. opposed to 04:54

20. passed over 05:48

21. putting (their stamp) on 05:48

22. turns out 06:36

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25

25. look at 07:54

26. turned down 08:18

27. dreamed up 08:18

28. growing up 08:18

29. look at 09:05

30. going off 09:05

31. bring back 09:05

32. look at 09:54

33. turns out 09:54

34. leave (it) up 10:30

35. go off 10:30

36. come together 10:30

37. talk (them) through 10:30

38. setting up 10:51

39. go off 10:51

40. look at 10:51

41. come to 11:47

42. living in 11:47

43. calling for 12:33

44. come up with 12:33

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2. The Analysis of Phrasal Verbs

Here, the writer will analyse the types of phrasal verbs which are

found in the speech of Susan Cain “The Power of Introverts” and the

analysis as follows:

Table 4.2 The Analysis of Phrasal Verbs

No. Phrasal

transitive. The object

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27

comes after the particle.

The meaning is go to

particle. The meaning is

to understand

something or someone.

In this case it cannot

inseparable. The object

somewhere. In this case

the speaker wants to go

to somewhere to read

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the books.

4 Took out I took my book out of my suitcase

This phrasal verb is

separable but also it can

be inseparable. The

book from the suitcase.

01:32

The meaning is to move

towards someone or

something. In this case

is the coolest girl in the

bunk.

01:32

6 Came up The counsellor

came up to me

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with a corcerned

expression

The meaning is to move

towards someone or

something. In this case

is the counsellor .

7 Put away And so I put my books away

separable, and actually

it also can be

may come after the

They were calling out to me and I was forsaking

them

The meaning is to say

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the place is a bar

comes after the particle

and it transitive. The

meaning is used to

introduce the particular

subject that you are

going to talk about or

deal with. In this case

are creativity and

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and their switched on and their most capable….”

separable. The object

can come after the

is has the same meaning

with spirit, soul

may come after the

particle or between verb

and the particle. The

meaning is to officially

make a request, order,

claim or offer. In this

case it is to put self in

the zone of stimulation

03:51

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where the bias

comes in

inseparable. The

meaning is something

arrive, something

The meaning is to made

or produced in a

come after the particle

or between the verb and

the particle. The

meaning is to add a

substance to another

and mix them together

thoroughly. In this case,

they are kids that work

in a group

04:54

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33

The meaning is to be

influenced or changed

according to particular

conditions

ideal student is an

extroverts as

opposed to an introverts

04:54

The meaning is used to

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34

The meaning is as same

as ignore.

The meaning is to put a

others and not out

of the pleasure of

surprising. This phrasal

verb also has the

non-literal meaning because

the meaning is difficult

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35

transitive. The meaning

is being looked to other

people.

The meaning is used to

The meaning as same as

observe something in a

correct way.

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36

walks alone in the

woods and

The meaning is to

refuse something that

do not want to do.

The meaning is to think

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37

is go to somewhere.

09:05

31 Bring

back

The meaning is start to

have or use law, system

etc. that was used in the

The meaning is

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38

contemporary

psychology

changed. It has

non-literal meaning because

the words „look at‟

„diverge‟ or something

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39

everybody to go off by themselves and then come together as a team to talk them

inseparable the object

The meaning of this

phrasal verb is to go to

the meaning is changed

join together in order to

do something.

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40

37 Talk

through

comes between the verb

and the particle. The

meaning does not

change. The meaning of

this phrasal verb in this

of this phrasal verb is to

make an arrangements

of something., It almost

has the same meaning

of the word „go off‟ is

go to somewhere. In

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41

of the words „look at‟ is

intransitive. The words

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42

really important but

now they seem really

with the literal meaning

of „living‟ or stay in

transitive. The phrasal

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43

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44

something in a group of

people.

The meaning of phrasal

verb can be guess

The meaning is to come

in particular place.

separable. The meaning

is to use a particular

amount of time.

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45

can come after the

particle or it can come

between verb and

particle. The meaning is

to close something such

like street, factory, ect.

14:32

particular place which

something happen

of phrasal verb is used

to introduce the

particular subject that

are going to talk about

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46

of this phrasal verb is if

something call a

particular ability,

quality, or action that is

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47

just talk each other.

54 Work on They need to

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48

made or produced in a

too difficult to guess the

meaning because the

separable and transitive.

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49

suitcases for other

people to see,

The meaning of this

phrasal verb is to open

something that is

closed, locked or

covered. It also has

literal meaning because

it is easy to guess the

meaning. This phrasal

verb has the same

meaning with the basic

word „open‟.

B. The Kinds of Phrasal Verbs Found in The Speech

From the analysis above, the writer has analysed the types of

phrasal verbs which are found in the speech of Susan Cain: “The Power of Introverts”. In this speech, the writer found 58 of phrasal verbs. There are 17 separable phrasal verbs and 41 inseparable phrasal verbs with 1 phrasal

verb that has two particles. So, it can be said that in the Speech of Susan

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CHAPTER V

CLOSURE

A. Conclusion

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1. The Speech of Susan Cain “The Power of Introverts” consists of phrasal verbs. They are inseparable phrasal verbs and separable phrasal

verbs.

2. There are:

a. 41 inseparable phrasal verbs such as go off, look after, look at,

come from, call out, come from, come in, come to, grow up, come together, come up, depend on, oppose to, pass over, bring back, set up, live in, fall for, call for, work on, etc.

b. 17 separable phrasal verbs such as put away, put in, leave up, talk

through, turn down, turn out, put on, work in, switch on, take out, close down, take up, figure out, dream up, open up, etc.

3. The dominant phrasal verbs used in the Speech of Susan Cain “The Power of Introverts” in edition on March, 2012 are inseparable phrasal verbs.

B. Suggestion

After the writer identified and analysed phrasal verbs in the Speech

of Susan Cain “The Power of Introverts”, the writer suggests to:

1. Teachers

From this research, the writer hopes that the other teachers can get

additional knowledge about phrasal verb.

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a. The students can gain more knowledge about phrasal verb by

reading this research.

b. They know about the definition and the types of phrasal verbs.

c. Students can study about phrasal verb in the speech.

3. The Institution of English Department

English department can use the findings of this paper to enrich the

reference deals with phrasal verbs.

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Abdulmoneim, Mahmoud. 2015. Under-representation of Phrasal Verbs in EFL

University Students‟ Free Writing. International Journal of English and Education, Sultan Qaboos University. (2015)/262. Vol 4.

Abdulmoneim, Mahmoud. 2015. Under-representation of Phrasal Verbs in EFL University Students‟ Free Writing. International Journal of English and Education, Sultan Qaboos University. (2015)

Adawiyah, Rabiatul. 2015. The Effect of Song Lyrics Listening on Phrasal Verb Mastery of Second Grade Students at MAN-Model Palangkaraya. IAIN Palangkaraya

Arikunto, Suharsimi. 1998. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Jakarta: PT.Rineka Cipta. Halaman 114

Arikunto, Suharsimi. 2010. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Jakarta: PT.Rineka Cipta. Halaman 201

Astrid, Yeniarty Fadina. 2010. A Descriptive Study on the Use of Phrasal Verbs in

Linkin Park‟s Selected Lyrics. Jember University

Beardsmore. 1982. Native Language Interference in Learning a School Language: Exploratory Case Studies of Native Language Interference with Target Language Usage. International Education Journal, Flinders University School of Education. In text: Baljit Bhela (1999)/23. Vol 1. No. 1.

Bolton. (2012). Under-representation of Phrasal Verbs in EFL University

Students‟ Free Writing. International Journal of English and Education, Sultan Qaboos University. In text: Mahmoud Abdulmoneim (2015)/262. Vol 4.

Creswell, John W. 2007. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design. California: Sage Publication Inc.

Flower, John. 1993. Phrasal Verb Organiser. London: Commercial Colour Press.

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Jamil, Burhan Elrosyid. 2013. A Translation Analysis of Phrasal Verb in Endless Night Novel and Its Translation. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta Manik, Lusken P., dkk. n.p. An Analysis of Phrasal Verbs in Movie Pride and

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Moleong, Lexy. 2009. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: PT.Remaja Rosdakarya

R. Geetha, & Jabenesan, Stephen. 2015. Form and Functions of Phrasal Verb in Written and Spoken English. International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature (Impact Journal), India. (2015)/24. Vol 3.

Risdianto, Faisal. 2013. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Salatiga: STAIN Salatiga Press

Ritchey, Tom. 1996. Analysis and Synthesis on Scientific Method-Based on a Study by Bernhard Riemann. Swedish Morphological Society, Stockholm, Sweden. (1996)/1. Vol 8. No. 4.

Siregar, Armita Sari. 2013. An Analysis of Phrasal Verbs Found in Khaled

Hosseini‟s Novel “A Thousand Splendid Sounds”. Medan: University of Sumatra Utara

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APPENDIXES

The Transcript Speech of “The Power of Introverts” by Susan Cain

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When I was nine years old, I went off to summer camp for the first time. And my mother packed me a suitcase full of books, which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do. Because in my family, reading was the primary group activity. And this might sound antisocial to you, but for us it was really just a different way of being social. You have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you, but you are also free to go roaming around the adventure land inside your own mind. And I had this idea that camp was going to be just like this, but better.

00:32 (Laughter) 00:35

I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.

00:40 (Laughter) 00:42

Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol. And on the very first day, our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit. And it went like this: "R-O-W-D-I-E, that's the way we spell rowdie. Rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie."

01:05 (Laughter) 01:07

Yeah. So I couldn't figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy, or why we had to spell this word incorrectly.

01:16 (Laughter)

01:22

But I recited a cheer. I recited a cheer along with everybody else. I did my best. And I just waited for the time that I could go off and read my books.

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But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase, the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me, "Why are you being so mellow?" -- mellow, of course, being the exact opposite of R-O-W-D-I-E. And then the second time I tried it, the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing.

01:54

And so I put my books away, back in their suitcase, and I put them under my bed, and there they stayed for the rest of the summer. And I felt kind of guilty about this. I felt as if the books needed me somehow, and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking them. But I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again until I was back home with my family at the end of the summer.

02:19

Now, I tell you this story about summer camp. I could have told you 50 others just like it -- all the times that I got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being was not necessarily the right way to go, that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert. And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were. But for years I denied this intuition, and so I became a Wall Street lawyer, of all things, instead of the writer that I had always longed to be -- partly because I needed to prove to myself that I could be bold and assertive too. And I was always going off to crowded bars when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends. And I made these self-negating choices so reflexively, that I wasn't even aware that I was making them.

03:07

Now this is what many introverts do, and it's our loss for sure, but it is also our colleagues' loss and our communities' loss. And at the risk of sounding grandiose, it is the world's loss. Because when it comes to creativity and to leadership, we need introverts doing what they do best. A third to a half of the population are introverts -- a third to a half. So that's one out of every two or three people you know. So even if you're an extrovert yourself, I'm talking about your coworkers and your spouses and your children and the person sitting next to you right now -- all of them subject to this bias that is pretty deep and real in our society. We all internalize it from a very early age without even having a language for what we're doing.

03:51

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Introversion is more about, how do you respond to stimulation, including social stimulation. So extroverts really crave large amounts of stimulation, whereas introverts feel at their most alive and their most switched-on and their most capable when they're in quieter, more low-key environments. Not all the time -- these things aren't absolute -- but a lot of the time. So the key then to maximizing our talents is for us all to put ourselves in the zone of stimulation that is right for us.

04:29

But now here's where the bias comes in. Our most important institutions, our schools and our workplaces, they are designed mostly for extroverts and for extroverts' need for lots of stimulation. And also we have this belief system right now that I call the new groupthink, which holds that all creativity and all productivity comes from a very oddly gregarious place.

04:54

So if you picture the typical classroom nowadays: When I was going to school, we sat in rows. We sat in rows of desks like this, and we did most of our work pretty autonomously. But nowadays, your typical classroom has pods of desks -- four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other. And kids are working in countless group assignments. Even in subjects like math and creative writing, which you think would depend on solo flights of thought, kids are now expected to act as committee members. And for the kids who prefer to go off by themselves or just to work alone, those kids are seen as outliers often or, worse, as problem cases. And the vast majority of teachers reports believing that the ideal student is an extrovert as opposed to an introvert, even though introverts actually get better grades and are more knowledgeable, according to research.

05:46 (Laughter) 05:48

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excited about things that they're putting their own stamp on things, and other people's ideas might not as easily then bubble up to the surface.

06:36

Now in fact, some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts. I'll give you some examples. Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandhi -- all these peopled described themselves as quiet and soft-spoken and even shy. And they all took the spotlight, even though every bone in their bodies was telling them not to. And this turns out to have a special power all its own, because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm not because they enjoyed directing others and not out of the pleasure of being looked at; they were there because they had no choice, because they were driven to do what they thought was right.

07:11

Now I think at this point it's important for me to say that I actually love extroverts. I always like to say some of my best friends are extroverts, including my beloved husband. And we all fall at different points, of course, along the introvert/extrovert spectrum. Even Carl Jung, the psychologist who first popularized these terms, said that there's no such thing as a pure introvert or a pure extrovert. He said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum, if he existed at all. And some people fall smack in the middle of the introvert/extrovert spectrum, and we call these people ambiverts. And I often think that they have the best of all worlds. But many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other.

07:54

And what I'm saying is that culturally, we need a much better balance. We need more of a yin and yang between these two types. This is especially important when it comes to creativity and to productivity, because when psychologists look at the lives of the most creative people, what they find are people who are very good at exchanging ideas and advancing ideas, but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them.

08:18

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never would have become such an expert in the first place had he not been too introverted to leave the house when he was growing up.

09:05

Now, of course, this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating -- and case in point, is Steve Wozniak famously coming together with Steve Jobs to start Apple Computer -- but it does mean that solitude matters and that for some people it is the air that they breathe. And in fact, we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude. It's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it. If you look at most of the world's major religions, you will find seekers -- Moses, Jesus, Buddha, Muhammad ---- seekers who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness, where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations that they then bring back to the rest of the community. So, no wilderness, no revelations.

09:54

This is no surprise, though, if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology. It turns out that we can't even be in a group of people without instinctively mirroring, mimicking their opinions. Even about seemingly personal and visceral things like who you're attracted to, you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you without even realizing that that's what you're doing.

10:14

You might be following the person with the best ideas, but you might not. And do you really want to leave it up to chance? Much better for everybody to go off by themselves, generate their own ideas freed from the distortions of group dynamics, and then come together as a team to talk them through in a well-managed environment and take it from there.

10:51

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particular the U.S., have always favored the man of action over the "man" of contemplation. But in America's early days, we lived in what historians call a culture of character, where we still, at that point, valued people for their inner selves and their moral rectitude. And if you look at the self-help books from this era, they all had titles with things like "Character, the Grandest Thing in the World." And they featured role models like Abraham Lincoln, who was praised for being modest and unassuming. Ralph Waldo Emerson called him "A man who does not offend by superiority."

11:47

But then we hit the 20th century, and we entered a new culture that historians call the culture of personality. What happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy to a world of big business. And so suddenly people are moving from small towns to the cities. And instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives, now they are having to prove themselves in a crowd of strangers. So, quite understandably, qualities like magnetism and charisma suddenly come to seem really important. And sure enough, the self-help books change to meet these new needs and they start to have names like "How to Win Friends and Influence People." And they feature as their role models really great salesmen. So that's the world we're living in today. That's our cultural inheritance.

12:33

Now none of this is to say that social skills are unimportant, and I'm also not calling for the abolishing of teamwork at all. The same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops also teach us love and trust. And the problems that we are facing today in fields like science and in economics are so vast and so complex that we are going to need armies of people coming together to solve them working together. But I am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves, the more likely that they are to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems.

13:09

So now I'd like to share with you what's in my suitcase today. Guess what? Books. I have a suitcase full of books. Here's Margaret Atwood, "Cat's Eye." Here's a novel by Milan Kundera. And here's "The Guide for the Perplexed" by Maimonides. But these are not exactly my books. I brought these books with me because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors.

13:43

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presence and partly because it was filled with books. I mean literally every table, every chair in this apartment had yielded its original function to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books. Just like the rest of my family, my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read.

14:12

But he also loved his congregation, and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi. He would take the fruits of each week's reading and he would weave these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought. And people would come from all over to hear him speak

14:32

But here's the thing about my grandfather. Underneath this ceremonial role, he was really modest and really introverted -- so much so that when he delivered these sermons, he had trouble making eye contact with the very same congregation that he had been speaking to for 62 years. And even away from the podium, when you called him to say hello, he would often end the conversation prematurely for fear that he was taking up too much of your time. But when he died at the age of 94, the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood to accommodate the crowd of people who came out to mourn him. And so these days I try to learn from my grandfather's example in my own way.

15:16

So I just published a book about introversion, and it took me about seven years to write. And for me, that seven years was like total bliss, because I was reading, I was writing, I was thinking, I was researching. It was my version of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library. But now all of a sudden my job is very different, and my job is to be out here talking about it, talking about introversion.

15:43 (Laughter) 15:47

And that's a lot harder for me, because as honored as I am to be here with all of you right now, this is not my natural milieu.

15:56

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16:07 (Laughter) 16:09

And that actually helped a lot. But I'll tell you, what helps even more is my sense, my belief, my hope that when it comes to our attitudes to introversion and to quiet and to solitude, we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change. I mean, we are. And so I am going to leave you now with three calls for action for those who share this vision.

16:30

Number one: Stop the madness for constant group work. Just stop it.

16:36

And I want to be clear about what I'm saying, because I deeply believe our offices should be encouraging casual, chatty cafe-style types of interactions -- you know, the kind where people come together and serendipitously have an exchange of ideas. That is great. It's great for introverts and it's great for extroverts. But we need much more privacy and much more freedom and much more autonomy at work. School, same thing. We need to be teaching kids to work together, for sure, but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own. This is especially important for extroverted children too. They need to work on their own because that is where deep thought comes from in part.

17:17

Okay, number two: Go to the wilderness. Be like Buddha, have your own revelations. I'm not saying that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods and never talk to each other again, but I am saying that we could all stand to unplug and get inside our own heads a little more often.

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Number three: Take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase and why you put it there. So extroverts, maybe your suitcases are also full of books. Or maybe they're full of champagne glasses or skydiving equipment. Whatever it is, I hope you take these things out every chance you get and grace us with your energy and your joy. But introverts, you being you, you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully what's inside your own suitcase. And that's okay. But occasionally, just occasionally, I hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see, because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry.

18:21

So I wish you the best of all possible journeys and the courage to speak softly.

18:26

Thank you very much.

18:28 (Applause) 18:32

Thank you. Thank you.

18:35 (Applause)

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