AMERICAN VALUES IN THE PURPOSE DRIVEN LIFE’ BOOK AND THEIR APPLICATION IN THE LIFE OF PEOPLE IN CHARISMATIC WORSHIP SERVICE SEMARANG CHURCH (Case Study: Assemblies of Charismatic Worship Service Semarang Church)

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AMERICAN VALUES IN THE PURPOSE DRIVEN LIFE

’

BOOK AND THEIR APPLICATION IN THE LIFE OF PEOPLE

IN CHARISMATIC WORSHIP SERVICE SEMARANG

CHURCH

(Case Study: Assemblies of Charismatic Worship Service Semarang Church)

A THESIS

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

the Sarjana Degree Majoring American Cultural Studies in English Department Faculty of Humanities Diponegoro University

Submitted by:

Ayu Sendilla Kartika A2B009058

FACULTY OF HUMANITIES

DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY

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PRONOUNCEMENT

This thesis is originally written with no duplication of another existing thesis or research project in S-1, S-2, S-3 and in Diploma degree. The writer believes that

this thesis contains neither publications nor one‟s paper writings but several one listed on the reference. Any reproduction of this thesis or part of it is required to have allowance from both the author and thesis advisor.

Semarang, 16 July 2013

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MOTTO AND DEDICATION

It's in Christ that we find out who we are and what we are living for.

Long before we first heard of Christ, ... he had his eye on us, had

designs on us for glorious living, part of the overall purpose he is

working out in everything and everyone.

Ephesians 1:11 (Msg)

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APPROVAL

Approved by, Thesis Advisor

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VALIDATION

Approved by

Strata 1 Thesis Examination Committee Faculty of Humanities Diponegoro University

on September 2013

Chairman

Prof. Dr. Nurdin H. Kistanto, M.A NIP. 19521103 198012 1 001

First Member Second Member

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly, the writer would like to express her deepest gratitude to the Almighty God in the name of Jesus Christ who gives His Holy Spirit to guide in every step of her way, with the words of God “You are worthy, our Lord and God, to receive glory and honor and power, for You created all things, and by Your will

they were created and have their being.” (Revelation 4:11-NIV).

The writer realizes that her thesis will have not been finished without the support of those who always give her inspirations and motivations. The deepest gratitude and appreciation are extended to Arido Laksono, S.S., M.Hum – my advisor – who has given continuous guidance, helpful correction, moral support, advice, and suggestion, without which it is doubtful that this thesis came into completion. Therefore, on this occasion, the writer also would like to express her deepest gratitude to:

1. Dr. Agus Maladi, M.A as Dean of Faculty of Humanities Diponegoro University.

2. Sukarni Suryaningsih.S.S., M.Hum, Chairman of English Department, Faculty of Humanities Diponegoro University.

3. Her thesis supervisor, Arido Laksono, S.S, M.Hum for his patience, guidance, supports, and correction from the beginning to the completion of

the writer„s final assignment.

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5. Her family, Senny, and Hernanto, the best parents, and also Deshinta, her sister for the warm and joyful family with endless cares, loves, and attention.

6. Her family in FALSetto; Khory, Putri, and Risa for their loves, smiles, supports, and unforgettable adventures, hoping that we will be family forever. FALSetto, candlelight!

7. Her soulmate, Agustinus Dwi Atmaka for his loves, cares, supports, patience, and also for the books.

8. Cristy and all of her unforgettable friends in PMK, for the prayers, togetherness, and giving beautiful days during her academic years.

9. All of her family in CWS Church Semarang.

10.Her beloved friends in class C, for the awesome moments.

11.Her respondents in CWS Church Semarang, for their cooperation, participation, and time to be her respondents in this research.

12.And all of those who cannot be mentioned here who have surrounded her with loves, cares, and smile, and supported her with prayers

The writer realizes that this thesis is far from being perfect and she would be glad to receive criticism and suggestions to make this thesis better.

Finally, she expects that this thesis would be useful for the readers.

Semarang, 16 July 2013

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Table of the result of question number 1 in questionnaire... 28

Table 10. Table of the result of question number 10 in questionnaire ... 37

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APPENDIX LIST

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ABSTRAK

American values atau nilai-nilai ke-Amerika-an yang terdapat dalam suatu hasil karya menjadi sebuah topik yang menarik bagi penulis. Bagaimana nilai-nilai tersebut disampaikan dan disebarkan sehingga warga negara lain pun dapat mengetahui macam-macam nilai tersebut. Dalam skripsi ini, korelasi antara American values dengan beberapa poin mengenai tujuan hidup manusia yang dibahas dalam buku The Purpose Driven Life menjadi satu dari dua topik utama yang dianalisis oleh penulis. Topik utama lainnya adalah bagaimana pembaca merespon buku The Purpose Driven Life melalui pengimplementasian poin-poin dalam buku tersebut yang memiliki korelasi dengan American values di kehidupan mereka.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui poin-poin apa sajakah yang terdapat dalam buku The Purpose Driven Life yang memiliki korelasi dengan American values dan implementasi seperti apakah yang dilakukan oleh pembaca buku tersebut sebagai bentuk respon mereka terhadap buku tersebut.

Data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang diajukan kepada 4 orang responden yang merupakan jemaat sekaligus pengurus dari Gereja Charismatic Worship Service (CWS) Semarang. Dalam menganalisis data yang ada, penulis menggunakan beberapa jenis American values yang sudah dipelajari oleh penulis, serta teori mengenai Reader Response dari Wolfgang Iser.

Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa responden dapat menemukan adanya korelasi antara beberapa jenis American values dengan sejumlah poin dalam buku The Purpose Driven Life dan menyebutkan judul poin yang dimaksud beserta alasannya. Responden juga diketahui mengimplementasikan poin yang memiliki korelasi dengan American values dalam kehidupan mereka sebagai respon atas buku tersebut. Meskipun begitu ada sedikit perbedaan antara hipotesis dengan hasil penelitian, yaitu responden mengalami perubahan hidup setelah membaca buku The Purpose Driven Life, bukan setelah mengimplementasikan poin-poin dari buku tersebut. Namun hal tersebut tidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan.

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

American values are considered as standards or norms that arrange the society life in USA. There are many ways to maintain American values through movies, books, music, etc. One of the books that inserts the American values is The Purpose Driven Life which is written by an American pastor named Rick

Warren, a pastor of Saddleback Church in Lake Forest, California. His identity as an American makes him understands about American values, and it becomes the reason why there is a correlation between American values and several points in The Purpose Driven Life.

The Purpose Driven Life itself is a book that explains about what a man‟s life purposes are and how to know them through a number of steps which are divided into forty points. Among those forty points, there are several points that deal with American values. Here, the American values are not the same as Bible values because the center of the Bible values is God, whereas the center of American values in this book is assumed to be the life purposes of a man.

Although The Purpose Driven Life is an American book, it is published not only in America, but also in other parts of the world. As a book that discusses

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a day.” Here, the writer assumes that the assemblies of Charismatic Worship Service Semarang Church (later it be called as CWS Semarang Church) experience life-changing after reading the Indonesia version of The Purpose Driven Life. The influences of the book toward the life of several assemblies of

CWS Semarang Church can be seen in some aspects, like in their personal lives and evangelical activities.

Those facts become the reason why the writer wants to dig out more about

the reader‟s response toward the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life and the American values that correlate with several points in the book.

1.2 Scope of the Study

In this thesis, the research involves several assemblies of CWS Semarang Church as the respondents. Then, the topics that will be analyzed are several points in the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life that have correlation with American values and their application in the life of several assemblies of CWS Semarang Church.

1.3 Aims of the Study

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1.4 Hypothesis

Hypothesis is "an idea or explanation of something that is based on a few known facts but that has not yet been proved to be true or correct" (Hornby, 2005:736). The hypotheses in this research are: there are American values that correlate with several points in the Indonesia version of The Purpose Driven Life, and then, there are several assemblies of CWS Semarang Church who apply those points in their life as their perception toward the book and feel the changing after applying it.

1.5 Method of the Study

1. Method of Research

In this thesis, the writer uses field research, which is divided into two kinds of method, qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative research is a method in which the interaction between researcher and respondent is set out during the research process (Moleong in Herdiansyah, 2012:9). The writer uses books, articles, and internet sources to help gaining the information.

On the other hand, quantitative is based on numeric information. Here, questionnaires and test are used to collect the data (Nasehudin and Gozali, 2012:70).

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The writer uses kinds of American values and Reader Response theory by Wolfgang Iser to analyze the research. Kinds of American values is used to give information about the existence of American values in the Indonesian version The Purpose Driven Life, while Reader Response theory is used to analyze the responses of respondents toward the book. The writer involves several assemblies of CWS Semarang Church as the object of interview.

1.6 Organization of the Writing

CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION

It consists of Background of the study, Scope of the study, Aims of the study, Hypothesis, Methods of the study, and Organization of the writing.

CHAPTER 2 : LITERARY REVIEW

This part contains the summary of the book and theoretical framework that is used to reinforce the analysis in this thesis.

CHAPTER 3 : RESEARCH METHOD

It contains the Type of Research Method, Data Source, Population and Samples, Technique of Collecting Data, and Technique of Analyzing Data.

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This is the main part of the thesis which analyzes the result of field research by using methods that the writer uses to support the writing.

CHAPTER 5 : CONCLUSION

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CHAPTER 2 LITERARY REVIEW

2.1 Profile of the Research Objects

2.1.1 Summary of the Book

Our life is not for ourselves. It is for God‟s. He made us and had the

authority of our lives. Life is a process and if we have an understanding based on God about our identities, we will realize that our existence is not coincidentally.

“God has His own purpose for our life.” Unconsciously, sometimes people have wrong interpretation about what God‟s true purpose is. We should not take

advantage of God for our own purpose, but let God take us for His purpose. Based on this assumption, Rick Warren wrote The Purpose Driven Life, a book that helps us understand God's great plan for our lives.

This is more than a book; it is a guide to a 40-day spiritual journey that will enable you to discover the answer to life's most important question: What on earth am I here for? By the end of this journey you will know God's purpose for your life and will understand the big picture-how all the pieces of your life fit together. Having this perspective will reduce your stress, simplify your decisions, increase your satisfaction, and, most important, prepare you for eternity (Warren, 2002:5).

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in six easy-to-read sections. In the first sections, there is an answer of a fundamental question every man has, "What on earth am I here for?" Warren said that everything starts with God and that our life is not an accident. The second section is about man's first purpose, "we were planned for God's pleasure." What God's pleasure that Warren reveals is about discovering true worship and developing friendship with God. The second purpose of man's life that is unveiled in the third section is "we were formed for God's family", and it is about experiencing life together and protecting the church. In section four, there is purpose three, "we were created to become like Christ." Here, Warren stated that we are transformed by truth and trouble as we grow through temptation. In the fifth section, the fourth purpose of man's life is covered: "we were shaped for serving God." This, if we accept the assignment for serving God, we will act like how the real servant act and finding God's power to help us in our weakness while fulfilling the service. Last, in the sixth section, the fifth purpose is revealed: "we were made for a mission." It is about sharing our life message and living a missionary life every day.

("Purpose Driven Life." Christ Notes (2012). Par. 2. Accessed 8 October 2012). The complete six sections with their chapters are presented below: 1. WHAT ON EARTH AM I HERE FOR?

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Day 5 Seeing Life from God's View Day 6 Life Is a Temporary Assignment Day 7 The Reason for Everything

2. PURPOSE #1: You Were Planned for God's Pleasure (Worship) Day 8 Planned for God's Pleasure

Day 9 What Makes God Smile? Day 10 The Heart of Worship

Day 11 Becoming Best Friends with God Day 12 Developing Your Friendship with God Day 13 Worship That Pleases God

Day 14 When God Seems Distant

3. PURPOSE #2: You Were Formed for God's Family (Fellowship) Day 15 Formed for God's Family

Day 16 What Matters Most Day 17 A Place to Belong

Day 18 Experiencing Life Together Day 19 Cultivating Community Day 20 Restoring Broken Fellowship Day 21 Protecting Your Church

4. PURPOSE #3: You Were Created to Become Like Christ (Discipleship) Day 22 Created to Become Like Christ

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Day 25 Transformed by Trouble Day 26 Growing through Temptation Day 27 Defeating Temptation

Day 28 It Takes Time

5. PURPOSE #4: You Were Shaped for Serving God (Ministry) Day 29 Accepting Your Assignment

Day 30 Shaped for Serving God Day 31 Understanding Your Shape Day 32 Using What God Gave You Day 33 How Real Servants Act Day 34 Thinking Like a Servant

Day 35 God's Power in Your Weakness

6. PURPOSE #5: You Were Made for a Mission (Mission) Day 36 Made for a Mission

Day 37 Sharing Your Life Message

Day 38 Becoming a World-Class Christian Day 39 Balancing Your Life

Day 40 Living with Purpose

At the end of each chapter is completed with a section called “Thinking

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“This is a nugget of truth that summarizes a principle of

purpose-driven living that you can reflect on throughout your

day. Paul told Timothy, "Reflect on what I am saying, for the

Lord will give you insight into all this."

2) A Verse to Remember

“This is a Bible verse that teaches a truth from that chapter. If

you really want to improve your life, memorizing Scripture may

be the most important habit you can begin. You can either copy

these verses onto small cards to carry with you, or purchase a

Purpose-Driven Life Scripture Keeper Plus.”

3) A Question to Consider.

“These questions will help you think about the implications of

what you have read and how it applies to you personally. Let

me encourage you to write your answers in the margin of this

book or in a notebook, or obtain a copy of The Purpose-Driven

Life journal, a companion book designed for this purpose.

Writing down your thoughts is the best way to clarify them.”

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2.1.2 Profile of the Assemblies of Charismatic Worship Service Semarang

Church (CWS Semarang Church)

Charismatic Worship Service Semarang Church (CWS Semarang Church) is a church under the organization of GPPK (Gereja Pelayanan Penyembahan Karismatik). It is firstly established in Semarang in 2000 with its first religious service on August, 10, 2000.

The word “charismatic” here refers to its religious service system. Churches which apply “charismatic” system are having more energetic situation

in their religious services. They usually use a full-band music, energetic praises and worships, and give applauses at the end of songs. Often, they can be quite and sing tenderly if the situation becomes more silent.

Charismatic Worship Service Semarang Church or later we call it “CWS

Semarang Church” is located in Lamper Tengah street. It has several activities

during a week, which is cell-group on Wednesday, Thursday, and Saturday, prayer partnership on Friday, youth prayer partnership on Saturday, and three religious services like Sunday service, Sunday school service, and Youth service on Sunday.

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society. From educational backgrounds, there are assemblies with university degree and others with high school degree.

A church is similar with other organizations. An organization has a management, so does CWS Semarang Church. There are several assemblies who are involved in the management; six assemblies as the boards and three

assemblies as the committee‟s chiefs. They come from various social, educational,

and economical backgrounds. Four of them have university degree and the rests have high school degree. Those nine people also have various jobs, for example as office worker, school principal, bank employee, entrepreneur, etc.

2.2 Theoretical Framework

2.2.1 American Values

There are several kinds of American values. Although each person has his or her own comprehension about the explanation of kinds of American values as stated in book Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life, the main meaning is almost the same. Kinds of American values can be seen

on these two following books: Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life and American Life and Institutions. They are:

2.2.1.1 Individualism

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nature where someone can do something with his or her own hands in which courageous, standing on own feet, and having future orientation become the requirements to get what he or she wants. Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874

– October 20, 1964), the 31st President of the United States (1929–1933), believed that individualism existed in both Europe and USA and felt disposed to define it as America's special trademark. He also believed that American individualism had unique nature. Hoover clarified that the formula of American individualism are the equal opportunity and demand for a fair chance. It is because they are the method of American achievement. For Hoover, individualism is the system where a society is based on the individual' achievements that have the opportunity to contribute their innate aptitudes to the progression of the entire community, and all people are endowed with a particular capacity for intelligence,

character, ability, and ambition ("American Individualism: Herbert Hoover‟s

American Social Philosophy." Herbert Hoover Presidential Library Association (2013). Par. 8 and 9. Accessed 2 May 2013). In the Christianity, as stated in Oxford Dictionary of Politics, there is belief that man has his own capacity for

personal contact with God rather than to follow the instruction through a hierarchy. This is closely related to individualism ("individualism: Definition, Synonyms from Answers.com." Answer.com (2013). Par. 2. Accessed 2 May 2013).

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meaning as each person is a part of society that has to do what he or she believes and be responsible with him or herself.

2.2.1.2 The pursuit of happiness or opportunity for a better life

The phrase "the pursuit of happiness" is clearly stated in The Declaration of Independence. It is one of the rights that have to be secured by the government

(the others are the right of life and the right of liberty) because it is considered as occupying someone' life with activities that equip the whole needs.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness (“The Declaration of Independence.” More Declaration Resources (2013). Par. 2. Accessed 8 May 2013).

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2.2.1.3 Liberalism/Freedom

In the book Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life, freedom is assumed as the most resounding American value, and

in some ways, it is defined in both personal and political life. Yet, the meaning of

freedom itself turns out to be left alone by others, not depending on other people‟s

ideas or values of life forced upon one, being free of arbitrary authority in work, family, and political life (Bellah, 1985:23).

In American life, freedom or liberalism has several types, such as the freedom to choose a religious faith and to worship according to someone conscience. The Congress, in the first amendment to the Constitution of The

United States, states about the freedom to worship: “Congress shall make no law respecting the establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise

thereof…” It is clear that Americans in every state have the same freedom of

religion. The other freedoms are freedom of speech and freedom of the press.

2.2.1.4 Equality

According to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, equality is stated as

“the fact of being equal in rights, status, advantages, etc” (2005:492). In America,

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their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty

and the pursuit of Happiness” (“The Declaration of Independence.” More Declaration Resources (2013). Par. 2. Accessed 8 May 2013). In this case, the action of government like making law or act about equality is needed, so that the full equality can be achieved and the rights of people in equality can be secured.

Equality is something that people want to achieve, even Martin Luther King Jr. had something profound to say about equality in his speech at Civil Rights March: „I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character‟ (“definition of equality by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia.” The Free Dictionary (2013). Par. 5. Accessed 8 May 2013).

2.2.1.5 God

Americans are known as one of the most faithful people in the world (Susilo, 2009:30). Mostly, they have religious behavior, believe in God, pray, and perform religious doctrines. They attend church regularly for about ten times more

than Europeans. In the 1990‟s survey, there are approximately 92 % people who

believe in God. The majority are those who pray every day and attend church every week (Susilo, 2009:107).

Historically, the early history of USA is begun due to religious reason, and

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doctrine which is expanded in America also emphasize on faith into God and good deed (Susilo, 2009:107).

On the other hands, the statement of “One Nation, Under God” in the

Pledge of Allegiance is assumed as the maker of the USA‟ national desire refers to religious doctrine (Susilo, 2009:107). Another thing assumed as evidence that

Americans are faithful people is a sentence “In God We Trust” that is included in US dollar‟ backside.

2.2.1.6 Self-reliance

Self-reliance is one of the individualism aspects, together with self-confidence and non self-egoism. Emerson, in his essay Self-Reliance says about self-reliance that individual has to look inside his or her heart and becomes a non-conformist.

There is a time in every man's education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is ignorance; that imitation is suicide; that he must take himself for better, for worse, as his portion; that though the wide universe is full of good, no kernel of nourishing corn can come to him but through his toil bestowed on that plot of ground which is given to him to till (“Self-Reliance.” Emerson Central (2009). Par. 2. Accessed 8 May 2013).

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2.2.1.7 Family

Family is a small unit of society and divided into nuclear family and extended family. Nuclear family, ideally, consists of two married parents of different genders and their biological or adopted children that live in the same residence. While, extended family is the nuclear family that lives together with their grandparents and other relatives. Traditionally, family is seen as a sacred organization as the vows made on behalf of God and made for certain purpose. Each family has its own values and how families encourage family values are various. As an addition, there is no right or wrong family style ("Definition of A Nuclear Family." Love to Know (2013). Par. 3. Accessed 2 May 2013). The ideal family has to have a strong bonds, so that it can creates a safe, positive, and supportive condition for all members. The strong bond of a family is expected as a support to help its members resolve problems.

For American, bringing happiness for each family member is assumed as the purpose and a value of a family. Bern said that a family is made to equip safeguarding, love and affection, and many opportunities (Bern, 2011:18). In a strong family unit, the parents set as the role models and give good examples for their children. They give the first education for their children about how to make friends and then the children imitate them ("What Are Family Values." Essortment (2011). Par. 2. Accessed 2 May 2013).

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functions), loyalty (a feeling of mutual obligation, commitment, and closeness among each member), cohesion (a feeling of being loved, of belonging to the group, and being safe by it), flexibility (the involvement of members in making decision and development of their abilities), communication (a way to avoid misunderstanding among the members by talking verbally or showing non-verbal affection and give place for expressing feeling of each member), trust (the ability to count on each other and know that what a family member states is true), and spirituality and religion (values that are highly appreciated in families where they are included, having their own way to keep a family together in times of trouble and diffficult times).

2.2.2 Theory of Reader-Response

Reader response is a theory that focuses on reader‟s acceptance toward a text. In a reading process, the imagination of reader is needed to create meaning, because reading will be a pleasure when the reader is active and creative while reading the texts. Wolfgang Iser, as quoted by David Lodge in Modern Criticism and Theory: A Reader, stated, “a literary text must therefore be conceived in such a way that it will engage the reader‟s imagination in the task of working things out

for himself, for reading is only a pleasure when it is active and creative” (David

Lodge, 1988:213).

Moreover, Iser stated that “when a text is concretized by the reader (the

phenomenological concept whereby the text registers in the reader‟s

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worldview” (Charles E. Bressler, 2003:66). He believed that “…texts do not tell

the reader everything that needs to be known about a character…, readers must automatically fill in these „gaps,‟ using their own knowledge base…” (Charles E. Bressler, 2003:66). The reader must find the meaning of the text by using their past experience or their own knowledge during the process of reading.

Here, Reader Response theory by Wolfgang Iser is used to support the

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CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHOD

3.1 Type of Research

The writer uses field research to collect the data. Field research is a method of research where the researcher comes to the area that becomes the object of research and doing research there. It can be divided into two kinds, qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative means collecting the data and information by using several methods, for instance, the method of focus group discussion or FGD (Herdiansyah, 2012:116). Focus group discussion or FGD is a kind of discussion where a group of organized people is discussing about certain issue (Stokes, 2006:169). The purpose of FGD is to obtain information from various points of views by holding a discussion among respondents and researcher (Herdiansyah, 2012: 146). Focus group discussion is facilitated by a moderator who introduces the topic, asks questions, probes the details, controls the discussion, and makes sure that everyone is participated, and it may be documented as video-recorded or tape-recorded (Dawson, 2002: 30). Books, articles, and internet sources are also used to gain more information.

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closed and opened questionnaires. It means that the researcher arranges the format of questions, but gives chance to the respondents to choose either the given answer or make it by themselves (Nasehudin and Gozali, 2012:114).

3.2 Data Sources

In this research, there are two kinds of data which are used: primary data and secondary data. Primary data comes from firsthand research or the research that is conducted by the writer itself, and it consists of a collection of data that construct the research (Stokes, 2006:30). The information that the writer gathers individually from other people is one example of primary data (Dawson, 2002:40). Whereas, when the researcher gains data from other sources like other researches, reviews, books, or internet sources, it can be called as secondary data (Stokes, 2006:30).

The primary data in this research is the several assemblies of Charismatic Worship Service Semarang Church or CWS Semarang Church as the respondents who fill the questionnaires. Later, The Purpose Driven Life itself is used as the secondary data.

3.3 Population and Samples

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directly (Stokes, 2006:166). A sample must represent the characteristic of the population (Nasehudin and Gozali, 2012:121).

The population of this research is certain assembly of Charismatic Worship Service Semarang Church, that is the boards and the committee' chiefs of the church. They also became the participants of “40 Days of Purpose

Campaigns”, a program made by Rick Warren about reading The Purpose Driven Life.

The samples are the certain boards and committee‟ chief of the church. They are selected based on several parameters, as follow: level of education, job, age, and participation in church activities. Based on the level of education, the samples must have finished their university degree. People with higher education are assumed to have more opened thoughts than those who are not. Then, based on the job, the samples are having position in their work, for example as school principal. Later, elder assemblies are considered to have more experiences than they are who are younger, so that age is also used as one of the parameters. Last, the participation of assembly in church activities. Here, the samples are the assemblies who have more participation in each church activity, such as leadership camp, Christmas celebration, and especially who participated in “40 Days of Purpose Campaign”.

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the parameter. So, that is why they are chosen as the respondents who are involved in this research.

3.4 Technique of Collecting Data

There are two methods that are used to collect the data for this research: focus group discussion (FGD) and questionnaires. The writer uses focus group discussion to give brief explanation about the American values to the respondents and to know their opinions about that issue. Questionnaires are used to know the

respondents‟ response towards The Purpose Driven Life and the American values

that consist in it. Video-recorder is also used in this research to record the focus group discussion as appropriate equipment and to substitute the use of pen and paper to take notes while the discussion is going on.

3.5 Technique of Analyzing Data

The writer uses following points as the steps of analyzing the data:

1. Organize a focus group discussion about explaining the American values to the respondents,

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3. Spread out the questionnaire to several assemblies of CWS Semarang Church that become the respondents of this research,

4. Collect the result of questionnaire,

5. Make tables to group the questions and its answer according to frequency count or technique to describe the result of questionnaire by counting the responses and then reproduce them (Dawson, 2002:123), 6. Analyze the result of questionnaire by using the theory and approach

the writer used,

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CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS

4.1 Research Result

4.1.1 Focus Group Discussion Result

Focus Group Discussion or FGD was held before the writer spread the questionnaire to the respondents. In this research, FGD is used to give brief explanation about the American values to the respondents and to know their opinions about that issue. According to the writer‟s research plan, FGD is held twice in 2 weeks, in April 7 and April 14. In the first FGD, the writer will explain about American values and its kinds to the respondents with estimated time for 15 minutes. Then, in the last FGD, the writer will give brief explanation to the respondents about the contents of the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life in 15 minutes.

The first FGD could be held successfully according to the plan, but because each respondent has her or his own activity, the last FGD could not be

held. So, based on the respondents‟ suggestion, the writer decided to spread the

summary of the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life instead of holding the second FGD. The summary was spread through Blackberry Messenger and copied paper.

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toward American values. After that, the writer gave explanation about several kinds of American values, such as individualism, the pursuit of happiness, freedom or liberalism, equality, God, self-reliance, and family. Based on the

writer‟ observation, all respondents have enough understanding about several

kinds of American values like liberalism and equality. It is proven from their answers about what kinds of American values that they know. Yet, the respondents find it is difficult to understand the difference of American individualism based on Indonesia perspective and America perspective. In America, it is considered as each person is a part of society that has to do what he or she believes and be responsible with him or herself (see page: 14). While in Indonesia, individualism is considered similar to selfishness or egoism. The writer also explained why American values must be the topic of this thesis and what the correlation to the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life is.

In this FGD, the writer also video-recorded the discussion as one of the requirements of holding a focus group discussion (see page: 22). The transcription of the video recording can be seen in the Appendix section in this thesis.

4.1.2 Questionnaires Result

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Question number 1 gives information about respondents' comment toward the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life to the writer.

1. What is your comment about The Purpose Driven Life?

a. A book that inspires many people because it discusses about man‟s life purpose

b. An unimportant book because man‟s life purpose is not an important thing to be discussed

c. A book that only suitable for children because it seems like a fairytale

d. Other, please explain_______________________________ Table 1. Result of question number 1 in questionnaire

Choosen Answers Number of

Respondents

A book that inspires many people because it

discusses about man‟s life purpose

4

An unimportant book because man‟s life

purpose is not an important thing to be discussed

0

A book that only suitable for children because it seems like a fairytale

0

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The result showed that all respondents think that the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life inspires many people for it discusses about man‟s life purpose.

Question number 2 and 3 are related to each other. In question number 2, the writer tries to reveal respondents' response toward the book‟ contents, whether is it applicable or not in their daily life. Question number 3 is about respondents' experience while reading the book as their response toward the book.

2. Are The Purpose Driven Life’ contents relevant to be applied in

your daily life?

a. YES

If your answer is YES, please give the reason___________ b. NO

If your answer is NO, please give the reason____________ Table 2. Result of question number 2 in questionnaire

Respondents

YES

(giving an extraordinary way of thinking or philosophy of life, the book is easy to be understood and appropriate with our daily needs)

4

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From the result above we can see that all respondents agree that the contents in the Indonesia version of The Purpose Driven Life are applicable in their life.

3. What experience do you feel while you read the book? (After

reading it for 40 days) (You can choose more than 1)

a. I think that my life has purposes to be achieved

b. I think that my spiritual and physical life must keep in balance c. I feel nothing

Respondents

I think that my life has purposes to be achieved

2

I think that my spiritual and physical life must keep in balance

3

I feel nothing 0

Other, please explain 0

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showed that mostly, respondents think that their spiritual and physical life must keep in balance.

Question number 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 function to know how deep the respondents understand America and its values.

4. America is a big country with kinds of values live in its society, and

its values are disseminated by using various ways. Based on that

explanation, how do you understand America? (You can choose

more than 1)

a. Movies b. Songs c. Magazines

d. Others, please mention_____________________________ Table 4. Result of question number 4 in questionnaire

Respondents

Movies 3

Songs 0

Magazines 2

Others, please mention (books, internet sources, electronic media, television news, etc)

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The number of answer was more than the number of respondents since there were some respondents who answered more than one option. From this result we can assume that mostly, respondents understand America from movies and other sources such as books and internet sources.

5. America has many nickname or stereotype, for instance,

superpower country, liberal country, individualist country.

According to you, what America is like?

a. A country that provides many job opportunities

b. A country where there is no discrimination in ethnic, race, and religion

c. A democratic country

Respondents

A country that provides many job opportunities

0

A country where there is no discrimination in ethnic, race, and religion

2

A democratic country 2

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The answers showed equal result, in which 2 respondents understand America as a country with no discrimination in ethnic, race, and religion, and 2 other respondents understand America as a democratic country.

6. What do you know about American values?

a. A group of ideas possessed and believed by the American b. American‟ customs and traditions

c. America‟s life-maker factors

Respondents

A group of ideas possessed and believed by the American

4

American‟ customs and traditions 0

America‟s life-maker factors 0

Other, please explain 0

This result showed that all respondents understand American values as a group of ideas possessed and believed by the American.

7. What kinds of American values that you understand? (You can

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a. Individualism b. Liberalism/freedom c. God

d. The pursuit of happiness e. Self-reliance

f. Equality g. Family

h. Other, please mention______________________________ Table 7. Result of question number 7 in questionnaire

Respondents

Individualism 1

Liberalism/freedom 3

God 2

The pursuit of happiness 1

Self-reliance 0

Equality 3

Family 1

Other, please mention 0

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8. Based on what you choose in question number 7, what do you

know about those American values?

Table 8. Result of question number 8 in questionnaire

Answers Number of disturb others, freedom from feeling afraid, freedom to express own‟ opinion or ideas, religious freedom, every individual has her or his secured-by-government‟ freedom)

3

God

(a fully-trust in God‟ country which is

proven by a sentence (“In God We Trust”)

in US dollar)

2

The pursuit of happiness 1

Equality (no discrimination in gender, race, and culture, equality of rights in life)

3

Family

(family values that are emphasized in society)

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We can assume that respondents have their own interpretations about the meaning of each American values they had chosen. Their interpretations are also almost similar to each other.

Question number 9, 10, and 11 are aimed to reveal several points in the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life that have correlation with American values.

9. The writer of The Purpose Driven Life is an American. According

to you, is there a possibility for an American writer to insert

American values in her or his works?

a. YES, because_____________________________________ b. NO, because_____________________________________ Table 9. Result of question number 9 in questionnaire

Respondents

YES

(he is established by his surroundings, his view of life is influencing his work where that view is a crystallization of American values, his background is America with its society)

4

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All respondents answered that it is possible for American writers to insert American values in their works for they are established by their American society and their view of life is a crystallization of American values itself.

10.According to you, do American values, either explicitly or

implicitly, exist in The Purpose Driven Life?

a. YES, that is______________________________________ b. NO

Respondents

YES

(family values as one of the American values where it becomes the most important part for America and its society, family as group fellowship, the understanding of God, the use of culture to change life)

4

NO 0

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11.If your answer is YES, in what points do American values being

inserted? (Please mention the title of the point along with the

reason why)

Respondents

Formed for God's Family 1

Seeing Life from God's View 1

Becoming Best Friends with God 2

Experiencing Life Together 2

Made for a Mission 1

Living with Purpose 1

The result showed that there are 7 points of the book which is correlated

with American values, but the most mentioned points are “Becoming Best Friends with God” and “Experiencing Life Together.”

Question number 12 is the follow-up of question number 11. It is purposed to know what implementations that respondents do according to their answers in question number 11.

12.According to your answer in question number 11, are there

implementation that you do based on those points?

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If your answer is YES, please give example of the implementation in your life__________________________

b. NO

Respondents

YES

(in family life because serving God begins from family, making friendship with truly love, worshiping God, joining with local church, trusting in God for He has great plan in our life, keep spirit in facing this life)

4

NO 0

We can assume that all respondents have their own implementation according to several points in The Purpose Driven Life that have correlation with American values.

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13.Among the 5 purposes revealed in The Purpose Driven Life, what Table 13. Result of question number 13 in questionnaire

Respondents

Worship

(people in America are directed to trust in God, worship conforms to divinity value in America)

2

Fellowship

(fellowship conforms to family values, America is established upon unity and it can be seen from the abbreviation of USA or United States of America)

2

Mission

(mission respects individual freedom to choose her or his own religion and spread

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the doctrine, America is considered having a mission to serve this world)

Ministry

(Serving this world becomes the mission of America)

1

Discipleship 0

The number of answer was more than the number of respondents since there were some respondents who answered more than one option. From that result, we can conclude that there are 4 purposes conform to American values, and only one which are not. The majority of answer is in purpose of Mission.

4.2 Research Analysis

This sub-chapter contains data analysis from the questionnaire result above. The analysis is classified into two parts according to kinds of American values contained in several points in the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life and the theory of Reader Response related to respondents‟ response toward the book.

4.2.1 Kinds of American Values in the Indonesian version of The Purpose

Driven Life

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question number 4, mostly respondents answered that they understand America through some media like movies, books, and internet sources (see page: 32). Through those kinds of media used to spread American values, most of them, then, have the same idea that America is a democratic country. It can be seen in the result of question number 5 (see page: 33). As the result of question number 6, all respondents understand American values as a group of ideas possessed and believed by the American (see page: 34). Later, in the result of question number 7, they mentioned some American values that they know. Mostly, they mentioned liberalism/freedom and equality (see page: 35). Question number 8 is the

continuance of question number 7, where its result showed respondents‟

understanding about American values that they have mentioned in question number 7 (see page: 36). Individualism as a respect to individual rights is answered by 1 respondents. Liberalism/freedom, answered by 3 respondents, is understood as a responsibility of freedom that does not disturb others, freedom

from feeling afraid, freedom to express own‟ opinion or ideas, religious freedom,

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The Purpose Driven Life, as a work of an American writer, is assumed to

contain American values in its points, although not all points contain American values in their discussion and conversely. The result of question number 9 revealed several reasons of why the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life contains several American values. It is caused by the writer surroundings. His

background is America and he is established by American society. Another reason is his view of life that influences his work, in which his view is a crystallization of American values (see page: 37).

According to this research only 3 of 7 values contained in the several points in the book, and only 6 of 40 points according to the respondents that contain American values in its discussion. In this section, the writer would like to analyze the data from the 3 American values contained in the 6 of 40 points in the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life according to the respondents‟ answers in question number 10 and 11.

4.2.1.1 Liberalism/Freedom

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the first amendment to the Constitution of The United States that states about the freedom to worship.

In the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life, mission as the realization of individual freedom to choose own religion and spread the doctrine is

correlated to day 36 “Made for a Mission.” This point discusses about man‟s mission to spread out good news about eternal life. “Mission” is very well-known in Christianity life. It is about how to tell people the only way to reach salvation, and is the greatest thing in Christianity life.

Christianity is assumed to have a large number of followers in America, and Americans itself are known as one of the most faithful people in the world (see page: 17). They have religious behavior, believe in God, pray, and perform religious doctrines (see page: 17). Religious behavior and perform religious

doctrines can be considered as “doing mission.” So that, based on the facts above,

it can be concluded that doing mission is a part of religious liberalism/freedom of an individual.

4.2.1.2 God

A respondent answered in question number 8 that a sentence of “In God We Trust” in US dollar shows about God in American values. For him, America

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God” in the Pledge of Allegiance is assumed as the maker of the USA‟ national desire refers to religious doctrine (see page: 17).

On the other hand, in question number 10, another respondent answered

“God” as one of the American values contained in the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life. On her opinion, God is related to the understanding of God.

She also said that God is closely related to mission that has to be done by his

follower as discussed in day 36 “Made for a Mission” of the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life (see page: 38).

Other points in the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life that are

also assumed to have correlation with God are day 5 “Seeing Life from God‟s View”, day 11 “Becoming Best Friends with God”, and day 40 “Living with

Purpose”. Based on day 5 “Seeing Life from God‟s View”, a respondent answered that the meaning of life is seen from God‟s view, because to fulfill God‟ purpose

when created us, we must have bravery to challenge the general view of life and

substitute it with God‟. This point also discusses three metaphors offered by the Bible that teach us God‟s view of life: life is a test, life is a trust, and life is a temporary assignment. These ideas are the foundation of purpose-driven living.

Then, in day 11 “Becoming Best Friends with God”, the same respondents

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Meanwhile, another respondent try to correlate day 40 “Living with Purpose” with God and American society. For him, similar to what has been

discussed in “Living with Purpose”, Americans are assumed to have clear purpose

in their lives. It is proven by their effort to pursuit their happiness through hard work, for example. Purpose-driven living means God-centered life, where God becomes the center of someone life to give peace instead of anxiety, and it must has clear life purpose statement.

4.2.1.3 Family

In the questionnaire result, most respondents answered “family” as one of

American values existed in the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life.

There are 3 points that contained family in their discussion: day 5 “Seeing Life from God‟s View”, day 15 “Formed for God's Family”, and day 18 “Experiencing

Life Together”, according to the respondents. According to the result of question number 10, each respondent has different opinion about the existence of family in the book. One said that family value is one of the American values that become the most important part for America and its society; while, another said family is built by a fellowship of group (see page: 38).

Day 5 “Seeing Life from God‟s View”, according to one of the

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metaphors the Bible offered. It also becomes one of the foundations of purpose-driven living (see page: 47).

One of the question number 11‟ results said that family is the most

important thing for it is the most beautiful place (see page: 39). So that, family has special place in the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life, especially in

day 15 “Formed for God's Family.” This point talks about how important it is to be considered as part of God‟s family, and emphasizes people to have a relationship with brothers and sisters in God and have a spiritual family just as important as have a physical family. For the ideal family has to have a strong bonds, so that it can creates a safe, positive, and supportive condition for all members (see page: 19), so as God‟s family.

Another point discusses about family is day 18 “Experiencing Life Together.” According to some respondents, this point represents family as a place

to build fellowship and experience life together. This kind of family is not only between parents and their children, but also among people in school or workplace or religious activity. Such kind of family can be built because God intends for us to experience life together as a group of people called “fellowship.”

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topics of the book where their discussions are divided into 40 points. They are Worship, Fellowship, Mission, Ministry, and Discipleship. According to its result, Worship is answered by 2 respondents, Fellowship by 2 respondents, Mission by 3 respondents, and Ministry by 1 respondent. While, there is no respondent who answered Discipleship.

Worship is answered because people in America are directed to trust in God and it conforms to divinity value in America (see page: 41). While, Fellowship conforms to family values, because America is established upon unity and it can be seen from the abbreviation of “USA” or “United States of America” (see page: 41). Mission, the most answered purpose, is answered because it respects individual freedom to choose her or his own religion and spread the doctrine. Also, a respondent believed that America is considered having a mission to serve this world (see page: 41). In the purpose of Ministry, a respondent assumed that serving this world becomes the mission of America (see page: 42).

4.2.2 The Readers Response toward The Purpose Driven Life

The results of question number 1, 2, 3, and 12 showed about the

respondents‟ response toward the Indonesian version of The Purpose Driven Life.

Here, the theory of Reader Response is used to analyze the questionnaire‟ results

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book, created and understood the meaning contained in it, and applied those meaning in their lives as an acceptance toward the book. In question number 1,

their acceptance was figured out from a question “What is your comment about The Purpose Driven Life?”, and the result showed the same answers as they

answered that the book inspires many people for it discusses about man‟s life

purpose (see page: 29). They got such comments as the result of 40-days reading the book. This result is supported by a statement of a respondent that “The Purpose Driven Life is an extraordinary and influential book which can change

somebody‟s way of thinking that our purpose of life has been planned by God before.”

Later, from the result of question number 2, they answered that The Purpose Driven Life‟ contents are relevant to be applied in their daily life (see page: 30). The following statements support the result, which are “This book

gives an extraordinary way of thinking or philosophy of life” and also “The book is easy to be understood and appropriate with our daily needs.” Then, in question number 3, the result showed more various answers (see page: 31). It is supported

by one of respondent‟ statements that “I become more understand that God gives

a man specific purposes to be achieved in life,” as the experience he feel while reading the book. Here, we can assume that the respondents experience life-changing after reading the book and getting new perspective about what life has to be.

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40). Yet, the applications are related to the points containing American values mentioned in question number 11 (see page: 39). Their answers are varies. A respondent said that “the points were applied in my family life because serving God begins from family.” Another respondent applied it by “making friendship with truly loves.” “Worshiping God and joining with local church” become other applications of other respondents. While, a respondent answered that his applications are “trusting in God for He has great plan in our life and keep spirit in facing this life.” Each respondent has his or her own application according to their experience and understanding as the acceptance toward the book.

4.3 Further Research

By seeing the exciting idea that happening in the research above toward the certain assemblies of CWS Semarang Church, the writer recommends further research about this topic to find new perspective about what actually life purpose of a human is.

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CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION

This research has two hypotheses; first, there are American values that correlate with several points in The Purpose Driven Life, and second, there are several assemblies of CWS Semarang Church who apply those points in their life as their perception toward the book and feel the changing after applying it.

The writer tries to prove the first hypothesis by holding a focus group discussion or FGD and spreading questionnaire. From the result of FGD, all respondents have enough understanding about several kinds of American values, such as liberalism and equality. While, from the result of questionnaire, they have same understanding that American values are a group of ideas possessed and believed by the American. Based on their answers, there are only 3 of 7 American values that are contained in the several points in the book, and only 6 of 40 points according to the respondents that contain American values in its discussion. It proves that the respondents can find several points containing American values, although not all points in the book have American values in them.

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research is used to prove whether or not there are American values contained in several points of the book. Then, the majority of respondents also answered Mission as the life purpose of man that conforms to American values.

The second hypothesis still use questionnaire to prove whether or not several assemblies of CWS Semarang Church apply the points containing American values in their life as their perception toward the book and feel the changing after applying it. The result of questionnaire showed that the respondents accept the book. It is proven by their answers that the book inspires many people and applicable in their daily life. While reading the book, the respondents also feel some experience related to their lives. It is in line with the theory of Reader Response that the imagination of reader is needed to create meaning in a reading process, and that imagination is assumed as their feeling.

The second hypothesis is also proven by the respondents‟ answers that they apply the points containing American values in their life, but on the other hand, it is rather different from the main meaning of second hypothesis. The second hypothesis said that the respondents feel the life-changing after applying the points containing American values in their life, yet, in fact, they experience life-changing after reading the book for 40 days. So that, the life-life-changing is happened not after they implement the book, but after they read the book.

In conclusion, American values are contained in several points in The Purpose Driven Life and the respondents apply those points as their perception

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