Paradigma Utilisasi
Teknologi Informasi
Untuk Industri
Prof. Kudang B. Seminar, MSc, PhD
02 September 2014
Definisi Teknologi Informasi TI)
Teknologi informasi (TI) adalah teknologi elektronik untuk akuisisi, pengolahan, penyimpanan, produksi dan distribusi informasi. . (Gunton, 1994)
Teknologi Komputer
Teknologi Telekomunikasi
Performance Control System
Data Process Info
Data Store
N E T W A R E
Sistem Informasi
Setiap
enterprise (organisasi)
memiliki
bisnis proses
spesifik
yang selalu akan ditingkatkan
kinerjanya untuk merespon
tuntutan kepuasan stakeholders
dan perkembangan teknologi
Karakteristik Organisasi
*** Organization that does not evaluate deserves to die ***
Struktur Organisasi
Orang dan Kultur Strategi Manajemen Teknologi & Sistem Informasi Bisnis Proses
Lingkungan Sosioteknologi
Fungsi Teknologi & Re-Engineering
• “Technology is the technical means people use to
improve their surroundings. It is also knowledge of
using tools and machines to do tasks
efficiently.“(www.bergen.org/technology/defin.html ). • Engineering (ingenerare) : menciptakan (to create);
Engineering : “professional art of applying science to the optimum conversion of the resources of nature to the benefit of man “ (Encyclopedia Britannica 1974)
Pentingnya TI bagi
Organisasi
• You like or you don’t like, sooner or later IT will influence your business [James o’Brien]
• “Company that cannot change the way it thinks about Information Technology cannot re-engineer” [Michael Hammer & James Champy]
• A lesson from green caterpillar: “Usually, a green caterpillar becomes bigger (quantitative change)
rather than grows to be a butterfly (qualitative change) [Karl Albrech]
Business Process OLD NEW 1. Work Units Functional Process
Departments Team 2. Jobs Simple Task Multi
Dimensional Work 3. People’s Role Controlled Empowered 4. Performance Activity Result Measure and
Compensation
5. Advancement Performance Ability Criteria
6. Values Protective Productive 7. Organizational Hierarchical Flat Structures
8. Executive Store Keepers Leaders
Fundamental Dramatic
Radical Process
[ Re-Engineering ]
Source: Reengineering The Corporation - Michael Hammer & James Champy
New World of Work NABEL, 3/7/2003
IT Utilization Low High Reengineering Rationalism Current Condition Automation (Computerization) High
Reengineering &
Information Technology
B u sine ss P roce ss Ree n g ine e ri n g (BPR )Paradigma Baru Utilisasi TI
A paradigm is a mental frame of reference that dominates the way people think and act (Karl Albrech)
Visi dan misi manusia
Visi dan misi enterprise/organisasi
Visi dan misi kesejahteraan manusia
Paradigma
Baru
Utilisasi
TI
InformationDatabase
KnowledgeVisi & Misi Manusia Sebagai Pengelola Bumi
Pengembilan keputusan yang arif (intelectually &
Kelahiran Internet: Link people & assets via networks
Growth of Internet Hosts: Link people & assets via networks
Database Search System Portal Portal Portal Array of Portals Portal Portal Portal Info/Database Info/Database Info/Database Information System Global Sites
Visi dan misi kesejahteraan manusia:
Visi & Visi Enterprise
(
Internetworked Enterprises
)
• Internetworking : suatu bentuk hubungan, kerjasama (kolaborasi) atau kemitraan yang mendayagunakan TI (teknologi informasi) berbasis jaringan (internet, intranet,
ekstranet)
• Trend: menuju pada Internetworked
Enterprises (B-to-B, B-to-C, G-to-G, G-to-B, G-to-C)
Examples of Trust Domains
Treasury Debt Equity Commercial Banking Credit Clearing House B2B – Financial Services Suppliers Dealers Transport Agencies Manufacturers Financing Fleet B2B - Automotive Car Rental Hotel Partner Airlines Airline Livery Cruise Line B2C – Travel Industry 401k 3d Party Providers Employee Purchase Plans Dental Insurance Health Insurance Company Intranet B2E – Employee Intranet
Visi & Visi Enterprise:
Creating a Virtual Company (VC)
• Adaptability • Opportunism • Excellence • Technology • Borderless • Trust-based
VC
is an organization that uses information
technology to link people, assets, and ideas.
Characteristics
Visi & Visi Enterprise:
Organizational Applications
Consumer - Enterprise Consumer - Consumer Enterprise - Enterprise Department - DepartmentGlobal IT Management
Cultural, Political, Geo-economic challenges
Business/IT Strategies Application Portfolios Technology Platforms Data Management Systems Development
Visi & Visi Enterprise:
Become a Global Company
A global company is a business that is driven by a global strategy which enables to plan and treat all its activities in the context of a whole-world system, and therefore serve its local and global customers with excellence.
Globalization Technology Efficient Global Markets Global Business Operation and Alliances The Networked Global Corporation Drives of
Change Environment Competitive Competitive Response Implementation
How Information Technology
Support The Globalization
•ISO CERT. •ANTI DUMPING •ENERGY SAVING •RECYCLING Domestic Market Government University •Regulation •Incentive •Certification •Apprenticeship •Research Global : WTO Regional : APEC Sub-Regional : AFTA Manufacturer •HIGH QUALITY •COST •SPEED •GLOBAL MODEL Competitiveness Export Market •Vision •Policy
Global Competitiveness NABEL, 3/7/2003
Design
Case 1: Design NABEL, 3/7/2003
Digital Manufacturing Black Box Manufacturing Product Planning Research Develop- ment Pre- production Mass production Logistic Marketing & Service Procure- ment Marketing P ro d u ct p la n n in g Cell production Supply Chain Management T ec h n o lo g y d ev el o p me n t (s ta n da rdi za tio n , c o m m o n pa rt ) Promotion, PR S u p p li er Human Resources Accounting General Affair Custom er
Manufaktur Berbasis TI
Audio Factory Air Conditioner Factory Refrigerator FactorySortasi
Buah
Tomat
Sortasi
berbasis TI
Sortasi
Standar MutuGreen Breakers Turning Pink Light Red Red
Fase Hijau Fase Masak Hijau
Fase Pecah
Penjadwalan Kerja Berbasis TI
PT. Sinar Bakti Utama, lokasi: Cimanggis, Bogor.
• Produk berupa meubel kayu (meja, kursi, lemari, daun pintu, dll) untuk permintaan dalam negeri dan ekspor • Jumlah Jenis Mesin = 17 buah (2-8 buah/jenis mesin)
Jumlah Jenis Produk = 82 buah
Banyak mesin idle
Pekerja mengeluhkan ketidakpastian jadwal Keterlambatan pesanan Problem: Data Produ ksi
No Nama Alat Produksi Fungsi Jumlah
1 Band Saw Membelah kayu gelondongan menjadi papan 4 unit 2 Rip Saw Memotong papan (vertikal) 4 unit 3 Cross-cut Saw Memotong papan (horisontal) 2 unit 4 Thicknessing Planner Pembuatan komponen kecil 2 unit 5 Tennoner Pembuatan komponen sambungan kayu 4 unit 6 Morticer Pembuatan komponen sambungan kayu 4 unit 7 Spidle Moulder Pembuatan komponen kecil 2 unit
Output Penjadwalan Produksi Mebel
PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI KRISAN POTONG: ALAM INDAH BUNGA NUSANTARA, CIPANAS
PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI KRISAN POTONG: ALAM INDAH BUNGA NUSANTARA, CIPANAS
Promosi E-Commerce
Invitation to Panasonic Scholarship Application Process Evaluation of CandidatesThrough 6 major Universities, PS Office distributes guideline & application form
Through Internet Fill in paper application based
on guideline, and send complete form to PS Office
Fill in e-Application, parameters are defined by PS Office
• Collect, validate & input data • Sorting based on criteria • Distribute by each major • List up 40 candidates All done manually and using spread sheet
• Download from Internet • Execute sorting program • List up 40 candidates • Send result using Internet Manual job only confirming semifinalist data Man Power Used for Number of Applicants [ 1999 ] 83 [ 2000 ] 1,155 [ 2001 ] 1,836 [ 2002 ] 1,920 [ 1999 - Before BPR ] [ 2000~2 - After BPR ]
Case 3: PS e-Application
0001,Rudi,Raharja,rudi@yahoo.com,21,8711225,23,M,S,1998,…,PRI,4,N,1,3.65 0002,Budi,Hartono,budi@hotmail.com,,5307222,25,M,S,1996,…,GOV,2,N,4,3.17 0003,Mely,Retnowati,,,8710221,22,F,S,2000,…,LEC,0,N,2,3.35
0004,etc...
Corporate Website - Microsoft Internet Explorer
File Edit View Go Favorites Help
Panasonic Scholarship
"Panasonic Scholarship e-Application"
First Name Noor
Family Name Fithriyani
Email Address sisnoor@id.ibm.com
Telephone Number Age Male Female Sex 23 [2]. ACADEMIC INFORMATION 5238119 Year of Graduation University/Institute Institut Teknologi Bandung
Major Field Civil Engineering
GPA (minimum 3.00) 3.74
021
Marital Status Single Married
[1]. PERSONAL INFORMATION
(Example: 3.74) Major Field of Further Education Plan Engineering
, if "Other", mention university name Area Code Number
1998November
Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT)
[3]. NON ACADEMIC INFORMATION
Level 3 , if "None", Japanese language study Never Less than 300 hours More than 300 hours
years old (*) (**) Table 1 Table ... html+Java CGI program
Validate & scoring
Website
Registration (csv) WEB Server
-Sorting based on criteria -Distribute by each major -Summary first 50 candidates
Spreadsheet PANASONIC
SCHOLARSHIP SEMIFINALIST
Scoring system (see Table 1 ~ Table 10): 1). Total Score = (gpa x vuniv x 40%) + (jlpt x 20%) + (sjpn x 20%) + (toefl x 10%) + (acc x 30%) 2). Sorting basis:
(1). Total Score (2). GPA
(3). Acceptance by University in Japan (4). JLPT level
(5). TOEFL score
Internet
[ PS e-Application ] [ Applicants ]
Fill in e-Application thru web
[ Panasonic Scholarship Office ]
NABEL, 3/7/2003
Kesimpulan
• Paradigma pendayagunaan teknologi informasi (TI) haruslah mengedapankan visi dan misi manusia sebagai pengelola cerdas secara intelektual dan emosional,
• visi dan misi kesejahteraan umat manusia secera kolektif dan berkelanjutan,
• Visi dan misi enterprise/organisasi dalam mengelola proses-bisnis untuk melakukan berbagai kemanfaatan dan dayasaing yang
maksimal bagi lingkungan universal (global) yang bermartabat dan terpuji.
Kesimpulan (lanjutan…)
• Dengan paradigma tersebut perencanaan,
pembangunan dan pengembagan TI dan SI harus memiliki tujuan yang jelas dan indikator
keberhasilan yang terukur bagi individu maupun organisasi (enterprise), sehingga tidak boros, kontraproduktif, dan salah sasaran. Pelayanan masyarakat (kustomer) yang prima dengan
berbagai dinamika kultur, budaya, perkembangan teknologi, dan tuntutan global menjadi peluang, tantangan, dan sekaligus target pendayagunaan TI dan SI di masa mendatang
