ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Perkiraan terakhir menunjukkan lebih dari 1 miliar orang di dunia terinfeksi Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH). Beban penyakit akibat STH umumnya tertuju pada pengaruh dalam jangka lama dan membahayakan kesehatan dan kualitas hidup orang yang terinfeksi. Infeksi STH merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya defisiensi nutrisi, terutama pada anak anak. Prevalensi kecacingan pada anak usia sekolah di Medan cukup tinggi (40,3%). Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara infeksi STH dengan status gizi pada siswa/i, selain itu untuk mengetahui status gizi, prevalensi infeksi STH dan ,mengetahui jenis STH yang menginfeksi siswa/i SD Negeri 060839.
Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam metode cross-sectional. Dengan total sampling, didapati 128 anak yang bersedia menjadi subjek penelitian, dari kelas 1-6 SD. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SD Negeri 01-60839 Kelurahan Sei Agul Kecamatan Medan Barat, Kota Medan. Sampel tinja diperiksa secara mikroskopis dengan metode Kato-Katz, dan mengukur status gizi berdasarkan Indeks Masa Tubuh. Uji Chi-Square dilakukan untuk menganalisa korelasi antara infeksi STH dengan status gizi.
Hasil: Prevalensi infeksi STH ialah 21,9% dengan rincian berikut: 50% terinfeksi oleh Ascaris lumbricoides, 32,1% oleh Trichuris trichiura dan 17,9% oleh Hookworm. Prevalensi status gizi buruk sebesar 12,5%. Berdasar hasil uji Chi-Square, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara infeksi STH dan status gizi (P=0,747).
Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara infeksi STH dengan status gizi.
Kata Kunci : soil-transmitted helminths, status gizi, Sekolah Dasar.
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ABSTRACT
Introduction: The latest estimation indicates that more than 1 billion people in the whole world are infected by Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH). The burden of STH infection is mainly attributed to long term on health and quality of life of the infected. One of the infection that contributed to nutrients deficiencies is infection of STH, especially in children. The prevalence of worm infection in Public Primary School students in Medan is quite high (40.3%). The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between STH infection with nutritional status (NS) level on primary school children, as well as to determine the NS of the primary school children, prevalence of STH infection, and the species of STH that infects the most of them.
Method: This study was conducted using cross-sectional method. Consecutive sampling technique was used and a total of 128 students, from class 1-6 Primary School, were included. The study took place in Public Primary School 060839 West Medan, Medan. Stool sample was examined microscopically by Kato-Katz method, and calculation of Body Mass Index (BMI) to measure the NS. Chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between STH infection and NS level.
Result: The prevalence of STH infection was 21,9% with following details: 10,9% were infected by A. lumbricoides, 7% by T. trichiura and 3,9% by Hookworm. The prevalence of low NS was 12,5%. Following the Chi-Square test result, there was no significant correlation between STH infection and NS (P=0,747).
Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between STH and NS Keywords: soil-transmitted helminths, nutritional status, Primary School
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