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x i
S T N E T N O C F O E L B A T
E G A P E L T I
T ... i E
G A P L A V O R P P
A ... ii E
G A P E C N A T P E C C
A ... iii E
G A P O T T O
M ... vi E
G A P N O I T A C I D E
D ... v I
S A K I L B U P N A U J U T E S R E P N A A T A Y N R E
P ... .... vi A
Y R A K N A I L S A E K N A A T A Y N R E P T A R U
S ... v ii S
T N E M G D E L W O N K C
A ... .... v ii i S
T N E T N O C F O E L B A
T ... xi T
C A R T S B
A ... x K
A R T S B
A ... xi
N O I T C U D O R T N I : I R E T P A H
C ... 1 .
A Backgroundoft hes tudy ... 1 .
B ProblemFormulaiton... 5 .. .
C Objecitve soft heStudy ... 5 .
D Deifniitono fTerms... 5 ....
W E I V E R L A C I T E R O E H T : I I R E T P A H
C ... 7 .
A Reviewo fRelatedStudies... 7 .
B Reviewo fRelatedTheo ires... 1 1 .
C ReviewonHistory... 1 5 .
D Theoreitca lFramework... 2 2
Y G O L O D O H T E M : I I I R E T P A H
C ... 24 .
A Objec toft heStudy ... 2 4 .
B Approachoft heStudy ... 2 5 .
C Methodoft heStudy ... .... 2 6
V I R E T P A H
C :ANALYSIS ... 28 .
A TheCharacte irsitc soft hem aincharacters ... .. 2 8 .
B TheUnequa lTreatments... 4 6 .
C TheReaciton so ftheAf ircanAmeircans ... .... 5 8
N O I S U L C N O C : V R E T P A H
C ... 7 0
Y H P A R G O I L B I
B ... 7 2
X I D N E P P
x
T C A R T S B A
. S A Y T G N I N A M U S U K N A T N I
R The Reaciton so fthe African Americans in C
n i a M e h t h g u o r h t n e e S s 0 6 9 1 e h
t haractersi nKathrynStocket’t sTheHelp .
s r e tt e L f o y tl u c a F , s r e tt e L h s il g n E f o t n e m tr a p e D : a tr a k a y g o
Y ,Sanata Dharma 2
1 0 2 , y ti s r e v i n
U .
g n i k o o
L back on the history o fthe Afircan Ameircans ,I ti sknown tha t e
m a c e b y e h
t the infeiro rcommuniite sin Ameirca .The black swere stli l rteated v
e y ll a u q e n
u ent hought herif reedomwas cde lared .TheCivi lRigh tMovementi n c
a l b e h t n e h w e m it e h t s a w s 0 6 9 1 e h
t kandwhtie’scommuniite sappearedi norde r t
h g ir r i e h t r o f t h g if o
t .Theunequa l rteatment sstli lpervadedt he ilve soft heblack .
e l p o e
p The rteatment stirgger thei rreacitons on t he surface .The black sreacted rt
l a u q e n u e h t o t g n i d n o p s e r n i y lt n e r e f fi
d eatments .Some o fthe black sreacted y
l e v a r
b toward the rteatment sand t her es toft hem remained slient. By analyzing
p l e H e h
T ,the unequa l rteatment sand h ow the black sreacte d in the 1960 sare e
r o l p x e e b o t g n i o
g d int hi sanalysi .s y
d u t s e h t f o m i a e h
T si to understand the unequa l rteatment swhich w ere .s
n a c ir e m A n a c ir f A e h t y b d e c n e ir e p x
e Anothe rpurposeoft hi sanalysisi st o ifnd t
u
o how the black sreacted dfiferenlty by resisitng o raccepting in the 1960 sa s n
i n e e
s TheHelp. n
I TheHelp,t hestoryi sr e lfected mfro thehistory o fAf ircanAmeircans . .
o d o t g n i h t t s ri f e h t s i h c a o r p p a n i a tr e c a g n i y l p p
A Thesocio-cutlura lhisto irca l h
c a o r p p
a wli lbeused t o r elatethenove landt hehistoryo fAfircanAmeircans in .
n e e w t e b
p l e H e h
T i sanove lwhich re lfectstheblack’sl fiein t he1960swheret he r
e b o s l a n a c s t n e m t a e rt l a u q e n
u evealed. The whtie stli l rteat s the black s .
y lr o ir e f n
i T he main characters ,Aiblieen and Minny ,expeirence the rteatments . ri
e h t s w o h s o s l a y d u t s s i h
T unequa lexpe irences ti n hel aw,t hestereotypeoft he e
f n i e h t d n a , s c it s ir e t c a r a h c ’ s k c a l
b irortiy .These rteatments t irgger ht e reaciton s m
o r
f Af ircanAmeircan .Byanalyzingt heblacks ’characteirsitc ,st hewrtieri sable o
t ifnd outt he dfiferen treacitons t hen .The wrtie runderstandst ha tAib lieen and e
h t e r a y n n i
M image oft hecharacte rof t he black sin t he1960s .Aiblieen Clark l
b e h t s t c i p e
d ack swhor eacti napassiveway .Ont heothe rhand, MinnyJackson s
k c a l b e h t s t c e lf e
r whor espondbravelyint he1960s. Late,rt hef ormsofr eaciton s t
a h
1 I R E T P A H C
N O I T C U D O R T N I
.
A Backgroundoft hes tudy
w e h
T o lrd consist so fmany races .The vairou sracesb irng t ri he physical
s e c n a r a e p p
a .Peoplewillhaved fiferen tappearanceonthecolor so fskin ,haris ,and
S . e r o m y n a
m ome people say tha tthe dfiferen trace i sbeautfiu lbu ti ti sno t
. e l p o e p n i a tr e c r o f n o i n i p o g n il i a v e r
p Recalilngt hehistory,t hewo lrdhadar ecord
h c i h
w explainsthe phenomenon o fvairous race .People were divided into two
s e it i n u m m o
c .They were the whtie skinned communtiyand the black skinned
y ti n u m m o
c .Theblackbecamet hei nfeiro rsincet hewhtiehad apowert oconduct
e fi l s ’ k c a l b e h
t .
k c a b g n i k o o
L to t hehistory o fslavery in t he17thcenturyi, twa sknown t hat
e l p o e
p w eer dividedbecauseoft heris kincolor .Historyrecordedt ha tblackpeople
e r e
w rteated as slaves . They were brough tto Ame irca and they became the
r o ir e f n
i .Theywere rteated ilkeanimal .Theblackpeoplewere rtadedbyt hewhtie
. e l p o e
p “Thust herecamei ntoexistence t‘ hewhtie’ sman burden’ (”Frazier ,1957 :
3 6
2 .)Thei r il es v were determined by the whtie . The black dh a no irgh t to
e n i m r e t e
d thei rilves. Theblackhad t ired t o srtugglef romt hei rhardes tilves .The
d l u o c e l p o e p k c a l
b p ass the slavery .They were ifnally no t“thewhtie’ sburden” ,
they were “the free man” then .Th e slavery ended bu tthei rsuffeirng h ad no t
e r a e l p o e p k c a l b e h
T stli l rteated infe iro lry even though thei rfreedom ha s
d e r a l c e d n e e
b . Logically , the black people are ofifcially free human .
,r e v e w o
H thei r ilve sget worst .They are stli l rteated unequally a s“a free man” .
k c it s e r a h c i h w s e g a m i d a b e h
T t o the black people are no tforgotten by the
. s e ti h
w The black people stli lbeileve tha tthe black sa re stli lthe infe iroro fthe
. e ti h
w Thi sstiuaiton leadst ounequa l rteatment t o Af ircan Ameircans ’lfie which
s
i farf romthedescirpitono fbeinga ef re human .
T hein lfuenceo fslavery stli loccurredtow ardtheblack .Theyhavet oendure
e h
t unequa l rteatments .Many unequa l rteatment sare expe irenced by t heblacks .
o t g n i d r o c c
A Encyclopedia o f Race and Ethnic Studies , “An unquailifed
, t n e m e t a t
s such a s‘black are c irminals ’o r‘black are prone to violence ’would
e
g nerallybel abeledastereotype”( Cashmore ,2004:414) .TheBlacks ear labeleda s
y tr i
d people and are labeled as diseases car irer .The blacks are also labeled a s
l a n i m ir
c s. They also assume tha tblack people are no tsmar tenough to ge t
s e ti h w e h t n a h t n o it a c u d e r e h g i
h .Having a colored skin also b irngs t he blacks t o
e c n e ir e p x e d a b r e h t
o which i ssocia lharassment.Thesestereotypesarecreated by
e l p o e p k c a l b t a h t e v e il e b y e h T . e l p o e p e ti h w e h
t ‘ asch racteirsitc sarealway sbad .
e s e h
T stereotypes makest hewhtiepeopledisregardt heblacks ’needs .
. y ll a u q e n u d e t a e rt l li t s e r e w e l p o e p k c a l b e h t , s 0 5 9 1 e h t g n ir u
D “Each o f
ll u f e h t r o f k c o l b g n i d li u b a s a d e v r e s s e ir o t c i v e s e h
t -scaleassaul ton segregaiton
( ” s 0 5 9 1 e h t n i e c a l p e k a t o t n i g e b d l u o w t a h
t Hasday , 2007 : 10). The
n o it a g e r g e
s beganin the 1950 .sThere wa s separaiton in using the same
g n i d li u
a e
rt tment salsoexistedi nt helaw .“Negroe sareconstanltyi nvokingt hel aw soft he
l a i c a r d n a s n o it c n it s i d l a i c a r y fi ll u n o t s e t a t S d e ti n
U discirminaiton swhich place
s u t a t s r o ir e f n i n a n i m e h
t ”( Frazier ,1957:263 .)T heblackpeoplebecameinfeirorb y
h t n e e t e n i n d i m e h
t because et h whtiepeoplew erethesupeirorand wereobjected
t n a tr o p m i o d o
t d uty in Ameirca .Manyunequa lrteatment swerestli lexpe irenced
k c a l b e h t y
b s .Thewhtiepeoplealway sthoughttha tblack peoplew eresupposed
e b o
t ruledundetrhericon rtol .Theblackpeopledidnotdeservetoge ta nyp irortiy
y n a n i g n i g a g n
e job .Theblacks also ilved i n povetry .They were oa ls prohibtied
s e ir a l a s d o o g t e g o
t .The black salway sgo tlowe rsalaire sthan the whties .The
s k c a l
b alsog ot the lower educaiton .The whtie s ilmtied the black sto ge tless
n o it a c u d
e thant hewhtie sint heUntiedState .s
n
I the1960 ,st herew eresegregaitonl aw swhichseparatedt hewhtie sandt he
a l
b ck sin usingpub ilc faciilites .The whtie spu taside the blacks fo rusing the
s a h c u s s e it il i c a f c il b u
p school ,housing ,bathroom ,and many more .The wh tie
ti m il e l p o e
p e d the black people’ sspace to do acitviites .According Hasday ,
“Du irng the era o fJim Crow laws—1877 through the 1950s—southern black s
n w o r i e h t g n i d n e tt a o t n o it i d d a n I . n o it a g e r g e s l a i c a r e r u d n e o t d e c r o f e r e w
e tt i m r e p t o n e r e w s k c a l b , s l o o h c
s d t o usemany pubilcfaciilites”(2007 :36).The
n o it a g e r g e s f o e l u
r isl egailzed by t hewhtiepeopleort hel aw . tIi sl ega lto have
s e ti h w e h t d n a s k c a l b e h t e t a it n e r e f fi d o t s e c a p s c il b u p e t a r a p e
s .
n o it a u ti s e h
T w ent worse fo rthe blacks even though Ameirca haddeclared
m o d e e r f r i e h
t , ti did no t apply ni rea l lfie . The unequa l rteatmentconstanlty
. d e r a e p p
e ti n u e l p o e p k c a l
B d togett hei requall fieeventhoughtheyweretheinfeiror .Thei r
e l g g u rt
s to be free w as unstoppable .The black people showed thei rreaciton
o
t wardst he racia ldiscirminaitoneven t hough Jim Crow ha sbeen r d nule i orderto
k c a l b d n a e ti h w n e e w t e b y ti l a u q e t e
g . “The black people denied “separate bu t
o c y e h t n e h t ” l a u q
e nitnued thei rmovemen tin any kind o freaciton” (Hasday ,
.) 7 1 : 7 0 0
2 In a law ,the bes tsoluiton fo rracia lissue i smaking them separate .
. y r g n a s k c a l b e h t s e k a m n o it a g e r g e
S Theris priti sappea ronthes u frace .Theblack
l p o e
p e’ sreaciton i s ifnally seen rth ough t he ilmtied powe ra san i nfeiro rpeople .
. m o d e e r f e h t t e g o t l e b e r d n a e l g g u rt s y e h T
e l g g u rt s s ’ k c a l b e h
T w as unstoppable .I ti sinteresitng to know abou tthe
.s 0 6 9 1 e h t n i y ti l a u q e e h t t e g o t r e d r o n i s n o it c a e r ’ s k c a l
b Based on the black
s ’ e l p o e
p reactionsthroughthei nfeirortiy, thet opici schosen .
d n a t s r e d n u o
T theAfircanAmeircans’r eacitons ,TheHelptha twa sw irttenby
r o f tr a t s d o o g a s i tt e k c o t S n y r h t a
K et h research .TheHelptookplaceint he1960 s
l a u q e n u e h t d e c n e ir e p x e l li t s t u b e e r f y ll a i c if f o e r e w e l p o e p k c a l b e h t n e h w
. y ti n u m m o c e ti h w e h t d n a w a l e h t m o r f s t n e m t a e
rt By reading thi snovel ,the
n o it c a e r ’ s k c a l
b scan be reveale .d According t o JessieKunhardt ,“Thehelp ist he
o t p e c n o
c fayoung whtieautho rwho wrties aboutt hesrtuggleo fblack maids in
e h
t 1960’ swhich isbeing “cirnge wo trhy” (wwwt.hehuf ifngtonpos.tcom).In thi s
e v o
n ,l t he wrtier also ifnds the dfiferen tcharacteirsitc so fblackst hat i n lfuenced
n o it c a e r r i e h
t st oward theunequa l rteatments .Therefore, t hi snovel i ssutiableto
n i h c r a e s e r a o
.
B ProblemFormula iton
s m e l b o r p n i a m e e r h t e r a e r e h t , n o it c a e r e h t t u o d n if o
T tha twli lbe very
.s i s y l a n a s i h t n i l u f p l e h
.
1 Howaret heblackcharacter sdescirbed?
.
2 Wha tarewh tie rteatmentst owardblackpeople?
.
3 Howdot heblackcharactersr eactt owhtie rteatments?
.
C Objecitve soft heStudy
t c a e r e h t t u o d n if o
T ion so fAf ircan Ame ircans ,there are t hree quesiton sin
t a h t n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r
p can suppo tr to understand the reaciton . Later ,the
e h t f o s e v it c e j b o e h T . s n o it s e u q e s o h t y b d e l a e v e r e b n a c e l p o e p k c a l b f o n o it c a e r
t n e m t a e rt l a u q e n u e h t t u o d n if o t e r a y d u t
s s in t he1960 swhich are descirbed by
c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h
t s oft hecharacters in t henovel .Thi sanalysi salsoaims to know
e h
t rteatments tha tareexpeirencedbyt heblackcharacters .Theothe rpurpose sare
t n e m t a e rt l a u q e n u e h t t s n i a g a e l p o e p k c a l b f o n o it c a e r e h t w o h s o
t s in t heUntied
.s 0 6 9 1 e h t n i s e t a t S
.
D De ifniitono fTerms
n o it i n if e d t u o b a n o it a n a l p x e s e v i g r e ti r w e h t , h c r a e s e r e h t o t s u c o f o t r e d r o n I
.s i s y l a n a e h t o t d e t a l e r t a h t s m r e t e h t f o
.
1 Reaciton
r s i n o it c a e
R esistance o ropposiiton to a force ,in lfuence ,o rmovement ;a
e h T . d e c r o f e b t s u m t a h t s n o it a u ti s r o s t n e m t a e rt e m o s f o e s u a c e b s r u c c o n o it c a e R
t c a e r f o s m r o
f ioncanber esis to roppostieofthe rteatment .
.
2 Segrega iton
t s i n o it a g e r g e
S he attemp tto conrto land subjugate one race by anothe r
h t 8 1 e t a l e h t g n ir u d s e t a t S d e ti n U e h t n i y l w o l s d e v l o v e , n o it a r a p e s l a i c o s h g u o r h t
r a e d n
a ly19thcentu ires( Stearns ,1996 :789 .) Segregaitonhappenedi nt heUntied
h ti w s l a e d h c i h w t n e m t a e rt l a u q e n u f o s d n i k s i tI . s e ir u t n e c h t 9 1 y lr a e n i s e t a t S
. n o it a r a p e s l a i c o s
.
3 Stereotype
s i e p y t o e r e t
S a resul to f the dfiifcutly ascetraining the gap between the
h t n o it p e c r e p e v it c e j b u s e h t d n a y ti l a e r e v it c e j b
o ere o f(Cashmore ,2004 :415.)
e p y t o e r e t
S occur sbecauseoft hesubjecitve percepitono rassump iton t ha tcomes
. e c a f r u s e h t o t p
7 I I R E T P A H C
E R O E H
T TICALREVIEW
.
A Reviewo fRelatedStudies
r e ti r w e h
T analyzesThe Help which si w irtten by Kathryn Stockett .The s
l a e d s i s y l a n
a wtiht heunequa lwhtie rteatmentst ha tsitllhappened i nt he1960s . e
g a r u o c n e s t n e m t a e rt e h
T theblackst or eactt owards theunequall fie . s
i h
T par tconsist sofs omer elateds tudiest ha tsuppo trt hi sanalysis .Also,t here a
m e r
a ny studie sabou tunequa l rteatmentswhichareexpeirenced by theAf ircan s
n a c ir e m
A .I ti sshown in orde rto encourage for understandi ng thi swork fo e
r u t a r e ti
l .The Help si awork aboutt wo black women who work asm s aid in the s
r e t c a r a h c k c a l b e h T . y li m a f e ti h
w areexpectedt or aisewhtiebabie sbutt heystli l o
n e v a
h irghtt o gett heequallfie .Thet wo majo rcharacteri nTheHelp ,Aiblieen e
r a , e i n n i M d n
a uneducated women who srtuggle rf o thei r irgh twtih thei rown y
a w y r a n i d r
o .The wrtier t ires t o meniton t he studies t hathave been analyzed i n p
e c a r e h t g n i d n a t s r e d n
u henomenonint hepas.t e
h t n
I review enitltedA Study o fThe Helpon 11 Septembe r2009 ,Caro l i
k s w o k n a w
D andAseEilnLangelands tatedt hat
e h t h ti w g n il a e d n e m o w c i m a n y d e e r h t f o s e ir o t s e h t n o s e s u c o f p l e H e h T
n i s n o it a l e r e c a r d n a n o it a g e r g e s f o s m e l b o r
p Jackson ,Mississippi i n t he n
a c ir f A e h T . s 0 6 9
1 -AmeircanCivi lRight sMovemen tandt hemomentou s f o e l a t a r o f p o r d k c a b a e t a e r c e m it s i h t t a e c a l p g n i k a t s t n e v e l a c ir o t s i h
, n a l e h P a i n e g u E , n a m o w e ti h w , g n u o y A . e c if ir c a s d n a n o i s s a p m o c g n i v o l
k c a l b o w t d n
a maids , Aiblieen Clark and Minny Jackson ,speak ou t n a m u h f o k c a l e h t d n a y tl e u r c , m s i c a r d e z il a n o it u ti t s n i , y ti l a u q e n i t s n i a g a
h c i h w s e i d u t s e s o h t m o r
F representtheunequa l rteatmentst ha tbasedonskin n
o i s i v i
d and black’ sreacitons ,the wrtie rtire sto develop the main idea tha t e
ir t r e ti r w e h T . s r e h c r a e s e r r e h t o y b d e z y l a n a y d a e rl
a st o digoutt her eaciton so f n
a c ir f
A Ameircan stoward racia ldiscirminaiton .From those studies ,the wrtie r e
r a e r e h t t a h t s e e
s many kinds o freaciton tha tshowed by black people i n the o
it a g e r g e
s n .Therefore, t he wrtiert ires t o understand t hi sproblem and maket he k
c a l B t u o b a s i s y l a n
a people’ sreaciton s toward the unequa l rteatments .Thi s n
u dergraduate thesi sdevelops the othe rstudie sabou tblack’ sreacitons toward s n
i s t n e m t a e rt l a u q e n u e h
t The Help ,fris tnove ldebut t ha ti sw irtten by Kathryn .
tt e k c o t
S TheHelp sh a no tbeenanalyzedy et .
.
B Reviewo fRelatedTheories
s r e ti r w e h t ,s i s y l a n a e h t tr o p p u s o
T apply somet heo ire sin orde rto ifnd ou t .
n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p e h t n i r e w s n a e h t
.
1 Theoryo fCharacter
d e v i e c e r o h w r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t h ti w s l a e d h c r a e s e r s i h t f o m e l b o r p t s ri f e h T
e ti h w m o r f s t n e m t a e
rt people .Theory o fcharacter wli lbe used to analyze the (
s m a r b A . r e t c a r a h c n i a
m 1993: 32 )s tatedt ha t
r o c it a m a r d a n i d e t n e s e r p n o s r e p e h t e r a r e t c a r a h
C narraitve work ,who , l a n o it i s o p s i d , l a r o m h ti w d e w o d n e g n i e b s a r e d a e r e h t y b d e t e r p r e t n i e r a
e u g o l a i d e h t y a s y e h t t a h w n i d e s s e r p x e e r a t a h t s e it il a u q l a n o it o m e d n a
andbywhatt heydot heaciton . c
A haracte rcanbedescirbed by t hei rexpressioni n t hestory .Peoplecananalyze e h t o t e u g o l a i d r i e h t m o r f o s l a d n a t o l p n i d i d y e h t t a h t n o it c a e h t y b r e t c a r a h c e h t
s n i a l p x e n o it a t o u q s i h
T t hatthenarraiton suppo trsthecharactert odevelop ti s .
n o it a z ir e t c a r a h
c A ach racter i st he intirnsicelementt ha tsuppo trstheplo toft he e
l p o e P . y r o t
s havet o ifnd outt hecharactert ha tappearsi n t hel tierary work fris t e
r o f e
b goingt oanalyzet henovel .
.
2 Theoryo fCharacteriza iton
r e ti r w e h
T canalsoanalyzet hecharacterizaitonoft hemaincharacter sby t he y
r o e h
t characteirzaiton from Understanding Unseen :An Introduciton o fEngilsh n
e d u t S s a e s r e v O r o f l e v o N h s il g n E e h t d n a y r t e o
P t byMurphy.
.
a Persona lDescrip iton
r o h t u a e h
T descirbes aperson’ sappearance ilkes kin ,color ,eyes ,hari ,clothes , e
r o m y n a m d n
a . Bycreaitngapersona ldescirpiton,t heauthor scantel ldriecltyt o .
e r u t a e f n i a tr e c h ti w r e t c a r a h c a o t s e u l c e h t s r e d a e r e h t
.
b Charactera sSeenbyAnother
c s e d n a c r o h t u a e h
T irbeacharacte rdriecltyanddescirbehimt hroughpoin to f e
h t y b w e i
v other .Ther eader sgett heclueo facharacter’ spersonaltiyo ratttiude .r
e t c a r a h c t a h t t u o b a n o i n i p o r o n o it a n a l p x e s ’ r e t c a r a h c r e h t o e h t h g u o r h t
.
c Speech
The autho rcan give u sinformaiton abou tthe character through wha ttha t n i s i e h r e v e n e h w , s k a e p s n o s r e p a r e v e n e h w , e l p m a x e r o F . s y a s n o s r e
p a
g n i v i g s i e h , n o i n i p o n a d r a w r o f s t u p e h r e v e n e h w , r e h t o n a h ti w n o it a s r e v n o c
e m o
s clue sto hi scharacter .The reader swli lge tsome clues abou ta characte r .s
.i Mannerism
r o i v a h e b o s l a d n a , s ti b a h , m s ir e n n a m s ' n o s r e p a e b ir c s e d n a c r o h t u a e h T h
w ethe rposiitve o rnegaitve which t el lu ssomething about t he relfeciton o fhi s y
ti l a n o s r e
p (1972 :161-173 .) , y r o e h t b u s s i h t m o r
F analyzingt hecharacter scanbedonebyexaminingt hese .
y r o e h t b u
s The characte irzaiton theory i s really needed to dig ou t the n
o it a z ir e t c a r a h
c of t he main character sin t he story so tha tlate ra characte rcan .
n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p e h t r e w s n a o t p u d a e l
.
3 TheRela itonbetweenLtieratureandSociety
s i e r u t a r e ti
L closel yconnected to t hesociety. Ltierature ,which catego irzed a s a work o far tsuch asa nove,l use scetrain society to make the story ailve.The
i y t e i c o
s scloselyconnectedt ot hecreaiton softhes etitngi nt heworkofl tierature . e
W o t g n i d r o c c
A ll ek and Warren in The Theory o fLtierature ,they stated tha t e
r u t a r e ti L
“ ha susually irsen i n closeconnecitonsi n paritcula rsocial i nsttiuiton s ” l a u d i v i d n i y l e r u p e b t o n n a c h c i h w , e s u r o , n o it c n u f l a i c o s a o s l a s a h d n a
. ) 4 9 : 6 5 9 1 (
u f r o
F trheri nformaiton ,WellekandWarrenalsos aidt ha t s
d n a e r u t a r e ti l n e e w t e b n o it a l e r e h
T ociety are tha t ltierature i s the t a h t t n e m u c o d s a e l u r s ti y a l p n a c k r o w e r u t a r e ti L . y t e i c o s f o n o i s s e r p x e
y b d e y a rt r o p y ll a c it s it r a s i h c i h w , y t e i c o s n i n e p p a h , s e it il a e r l a i c o s d r o c e r
. s r o h t u a e h
t Ltierature ,also can bemadef ort heoutilne so fsocia lhistory , e
fi L n a c ir e m A f o e r u t c i p a s a e b n a c e r u t a r e ti l , e l p m a x e r o
F (1956 :102
-3 0 1 ). m o r
F thequotaiton, t hewrtie rs s ee that l tieraturecan expres swhatt heshape .
s i y t e i c o s f
. e r u t a r e ti
l Wha thappened to the society can be desc irbed by the author sin the .
l e v o n e h t n i y r o t s f o m r o
f They also stated t ha twork l tierature such a sanove l .
e r u t c i p l a c ir o t s i h l a i c o s f o a e d i e h t e b n a c
.
C Reviewont heHsitoryo fAfricanAmerican t in he1960s
l y
B earning t he history, t he grea tphenomenon t ha thappened i n t hepastcan n
w o h s e
b .I tencourage sreader sto see the srtuggle o rreaciton o fthe ce train .
y ti n u m m o
c According t o Maulana Karenga i n t hebook enitlted Introduciton o f s
e i d u t s k c a l
B ,stated tha t“History i sthe srtuggle and record o fhuman sin the d n a e g a m i n w o r i e h t n i g n i p a h s , . e .i , d lr o w e h t g n i z i n a m u h f o s s e c o r p
” t s e r e t n
i (Karenga ,1993 :70 .) e
c n i
S theworkl tieraturewhichi sanalyzedi sTheHelp ,whosesetitng si int he t
, s 0 6 9
1 he wrtier thinks tha ti ti simpo tran tto review the history o fAf ircan n
a c ir e m
A s in t he1960s .Thewrtie rwli ldividet hi snew patri n some points; the o t r e d r o n i n w o h s s i w e i v e r ’ s 0 6 9 1 e h t n i y r o t s i h n a c ir e m A n a c ir f A f o t r a p
. k r o w y r a r e ti l e h t e z y l a n a o t r e ti r w e h t e g a r u o c n e
ll i w t r a p s i h
T dea lwtih the history o fAfircan Ameircan in the pe irod of .
y r e v a l
s Before ti i sgoing t o t he 1960 sera, t hewrtie rwill review t hehistory o f .
y r e v a l s e h t n i s k c a l b e h t f o s r e t c a r a h c e h t t a h w w o n k o t r e d r o n i y r e v a l s
n
I the1 o7th t et h 1 8th century ,Af ircan Ame ircan peoplewereslaves .Mos t e
l p o e p k c a l
b could on tsend areaciton fort hei r irght .“Afircan sentered the new 7
1 e h t n i g n i n n i g e B . s e v a l s s a d lr o
o s t n e m m o
c n the black reaciton in the book enitlted They and We :Racia land n
o it i d e h t 5 , s e t a t S d e ti n U e h t n i s n o it a l e R c i n h t
E .Hes tatest ha t o
t t p m e t n o c n i d l e h e s o h t , r e il r a e d e t o n s
A day by the angires tblack s
e k o p
s persons-the wh tie ilberal-helped to perpetuate thi s assumpiton t u o h ti w d n a g n i o d y e h t e r e w t a h w g n i z il a e r , tr a p t s o m e h t r o f , t u o h ti w
l c y e h t e s o h t h ti w t c a t n o c l a n o s r e p h c u m y r e v g n i v a
h aimed to accep ta s (
” l a u q
e 1997 :194) . e
s o
R aw nts t o show t hat t here i safew of t heblack peoplewho are nott ha t e h t t a h t s y a s e H . t n e li s t a h t t o n t u b t s i s e r y e h T . t n e m t a e rt l a u q e n u e h t o t t s i s e r
e ir t n o s r e p k c a l b t s e ir g n
a st o claimt hei racceptancei nt heequall fie .Mos toft he e
h t n i e l p o e p k c a l
b pas tresis tto the unequa l rteatment .A few o fthem are .
e c n a t s i s e r f o y a w t n e r e f fi d e h t g n i w o h s
.
D Theore itca lFramework
n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p s i e r e h
T which i sf ormulated by t hewrtier ni thi snovel . These problem formulaiton sare needed to be analyzed .The wrtie ruse ssome
l o s o t s e ir o e h
t ve t hequesiton .To answert hefris tquesiton, t heory characte rand k c a l b f o n o it p ir c s e d e h t , s e ir o e h t e s e h t g n i s u y B . d e d e e n s i n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c
n a c r e t c a r a h
c bef ound. Therei sproblemf ormulaitont hatt hewrtierf ound i nt hi s T
. l e v o
n hi sproblem formulaiton i sneeded to be answer .The wrtie ruse ssome ,
n o it s e u q t s ri f e h t g n ir e w s n a r o F . n o it s e u q e h t e v l o s o t s e ir o e h
t the theory o f
characte randcharacteirzaitonareneeded .Byusingt heset heo ire ,st hedescirpiton a
l b f
o ck characters can be found. The wrtie rcan i dentfiy t he characters by t he . t h g u o h t d n a , n o it c a e r , n o it p ir c s e d l a n o s r e p y b e r a h c i h w d e n i a l p x e t i t a h t s m r e t
e s r e t c a r a h c t a h
w xpeirenced . Thi stheory also showed the reaciton o fblack .
n o it a n i m ir c s i d l a i c a r s d r a w o t l e v o n e h t n i s r e t c a r a h c
s 0 6 9 1 e h t n i s k c a l b e h t f o y r o t s i h e h t g n i w e i v e
R i sneeded becauseby using r
o e h t s i h
t yt hewrtie rcanunderstandwha thappenedt ot heblacksint he1960s .To d
n u o t s e ir t r e ti r w e h t , y r o e h t s i h t e s
u erstandt hephenomenont ha thappenedi nt he .t
s a p e h t n i s k c a l b f o s r e t c a r a h c r o e g a m i e h t , t s a
p I talso helps ot ifnd ou tthe n
a f o o r
p d wha tthe unequa l rteatments are ailke .By learning the history ,the s
r e ti r
w nc oa a ls seet hef orm sofr eacitonsint hepast .Late,rt hewrtie rcanprove s
n o it c a e r s ’ k c a l b e h t f o s m r o f e h
t by relaitng the problem tha ti sfound in the .
4 2
I I I R E T P A H C
Y G O L O D O H T E M
.
A Objec toft hes tudy
o e h
T bjec toft hestudyi sanove lenitlted TheHelp .Thenovelt ell sabou tthe
n o it c a e
r soft heblack people who ilved i n theUntied State so fAmeircai n 1962 .
a K y b n e tt ir w l e v o n a s i s i h
T thrynStockett .Thi snove lconsists o f34chapters da n
s a w t I .s e g a p 3 5
4 pub ilshed by t hePenguin Group ,NewYork i n2009 .TheHelp
t u b e d e h t s
i nove lof Kathryn Stockett .This nove li ssaid to be conrtoversia l
e s u a c e
b The Help i s wirtten by a whtie lady who i s showing the unequa l
s t n e m t a e
rt tt ha happened i n t he1960s .The Help also t irest o descirbetheblacks ’
t s a p e h t n i s e c n e ir e p x
e .In The Help ,there i sa wh tie named MissSkeeter ,who
p l e
h s the black sto ifgh tagains tthe unequa l rteatments .Thi si sillega lfo rthe
e ti h
w s in the 1960s . Thi s nove li s rejected a smuch a s sixty itme s before
. r e ll e s t s e b a g n i m o c e
b The Helpha sbeen made into a box ofifce-movie in
a c ir e m
A .
t a h t s r e t c a r a h c k c a l b e h t t u o b a s i l e v o n s i h
T work a smaid in the whtie
s e il i m a
f and expeirence unequa l rteatments .The m ain poin to fthi snove li sthe
,s r e t c a r a h c d i a m k c a l
b Aiblieenand Minny. I n t hi snove,lt hewh tie’ s rteatmenti s
e h t n i n e e
s f rist tenth chapters .Thewrtie rshowst heunequa l rteatments t hatare
i M y l n o t o N . n e e li b i A d n a y n n i M y b d e c n e ir e p x
e nny and Aiblieen who
e c n e ir e p x
e the rteatments , tbu mos to fmaidsi nt hi snove larealso rteatedunequally
r e y o l p m e r i e h t y
d n
a Af ircan-Ameircans are rteated unequally becauset hey are black .They untie
o
t reac ttoward sthe whtie’ s rteatment .They rty to ifght agains tthe unequa l
e m t a e
rt nti n sociall fie .Thi skind ofr eaciton ist hepointt hatt hewrtie rwantst o
. y d u t s s i h t n i e z y l a n a
.
B Approachoft hes tudy
e z y l a n a o
T the work o fltierature , the wrtie rneed sto see deeply wha t
i d e n e p p a
h n the novel .To ifnd ou tthe informaiton ,the wrtie rneeds a ltierar y
. h c a o r p p
a Therefore ,the wrtie ruse sthe socio-cutlura lhisto irca lapproach. In
n e e w t e b n o it a l e r e h t w o n k o t r e d r
o the work o fltierature and ti sbackground
o i c o s e h t , e g d e l w o n
k cutlural-histo irca lapproachi san approp irateapproach .Thi s
s l a e d h c a o r p p
a wtih the history and society when the itmethe autho r ilved and
d e t a e r
c astory .Thesociocutlural-histo irca lbackgroundr elatesthesocietyandt he
o t y r o t s i
h the event soccu rin the story (Rohrberger ,1971 :9-1 0 .) The way to
r o t s i h e h t w o n k o t s i l e v o n l a c ir o t s i h a d n a t s r e d n
u ica lbackgroundoft henovel .By
e r u t a r e ti l f o k r o w e h t n i y t e i c o s d n a y r o t s i h e h t g n i n r a e
l , t hereade rcan relatethe
u ti s e h t d n a y r o t
s aiton tha t happened in the history .The lack of histo irca l
a e b n a c e g d e l w o n
k problemf ort hereaderst o understand t herelation o fhistory
.l e v o n e h t n i y r o t s e h t d n a
n i d a e r y
B g t hi snove,l t he wrtie rcomes i nto an assumpitonthat t he novel i s
n e tt ir
w almostsimliart o the itmewhen t hehisto irca levent soccur . tI alsor elfect s
t a y t e i c o s e h
e h t f o y r o t s e h t d n
a novel .Later ,the wrtie ris able to ifnd ou thow the society
e h t s e c n e u lf n
i poin toft henove lw irttenbyKathrynStocket.t
.
C Methodoft hes tudy
h c r a e s e r y r a r b il e h
T method i sapprop iratet o useto analyze t hi snovel .The
a t a d t s ri
f t shati used i st henove l tisefl ,The Help .The secondary data ea r taken
m o r
f several books , such as A Handbook o f Criitca l Approache s to
e r u t a r e ti
L ,Reading and wriitng Abou tL tierature ,How Long How Long :African
s t h g i R l i v i C r o f e l g g u r t s n i n e m o W n a c i r e m
A ,Internaitona lEncyclopedia o f
s c i h t
E ,BlackPeople’ sStruggleagains tRaceDiscriminaiton a sSeen i n Taylor’ s
e B e l c r i C e h T t e
L Unbrokenands ource saretakenf romtheinterne.t
e w e r e h
T reseveral steps tha tmus tbe done in t hi sresearch .Frist, t he wrtier
d a e
r thenovel many itme sto understand thet opict ha twould bechosen .Taking
u d n a e t o
n nderilning t hei mpo tran tpar twasalso needed .By doing t hi sstep ,the
t e g d l u o c r e ti r
w fu trheri nformaitonandadeepe runderstandingabou tthenove.l
d e ir t r e ti r w e h t , d n o c e
S to ifnd ou tthe topic and problem formulaiton tha t
d l u o
w beveryhelpfulf ort heanalysi .sI nt hi sstep,t hewrtie ralsohadt o ifndou t
d n
a collectthesecondarydata.Thesecondarydataw erefoundi n r eferencebook s
d n
a othe rinformaitontha talsodealt wtiht hesamet opicandt heo ire swhichwere
o t d e t a l e
r the research .Then ,the wrtie rtired to apply some theo ires in thi s
. h c r a e s e
r The theo ire swer e the theo ire so fcharacter ,characte irzaiton, and the
f o w e i v e
r the history in the 1960s . In thi s step , the wrtie r should gather
t a h t n o it a m r o f n
t u o d e r u g
if and read moreabout t hehistorytha tcould beappiled i n t heanalysis .
d e z y l a n a s a w d ri h
T thenove lbyansweirng t hequesitons ,which weremenitoned
n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p e h t n
i . Thewrtie ralsoappiledt het heoryabou tcharacte rand
n o it a z ir e t c a r a h
c tha thadbeen stated beforei n therelated t heo ires .To analyze t he
, y r o t
s the sociocutlural-histo irca l approachwa s appeared because the story
tl a e
d wtih the characte irsitcs o fthe main character and the history in the 1960s .
f o s l a r e ti r w e h
T ound out t heproofs t ha twere seen i n t he nove la san objecitve
. w e i
v By using t heset heo ire sand t heapproach, t hewrtie rwa sablet or elateand
y l p p
a the quesiton sin the problem formulaiton and answer .The las tstep wa s
e s e r e h t f o t l u s e r e h t n o d e s a b n o i s u l c n o c e h t g n i w a r
d arch .T heconclusion would
t s e u q e h t d e r e w s n a r e ti r w e h t r e tf a s i s y l a n a e h t f o d n e e h t t a d e t n e s e r p e
b ioni nt he
8 2
V I R E T P A H C
S I S Y L A N A
p l e H e h
T talk saboutblackwomenwhoworki nt hewhtiefamliyi nt he1960s
i M n
i ss si s iipp .They are stli l rteated unequally even though the governmen t
d e t a t s y d a e rl
a therif reedom .Int hi snove,lt hemaincharactersreactdfiferenlty to
t n e m t a e rt l a u q e n u e h
t s .Theanalysi sconsists oft hree patrs .Each par td s eal wtih
b o r p e h
t lem f ormulaiton i n t heChapterI .In t hef ris tpar,t t hi sanalysisdiscusse s
e h
t characteirzaitonoft heblackwomenwhicharerevealedbyt hemaincharacters .
o f e h t , n e h
T llowing problemsconcern abou t the black’s expeirenced by the
s r e t c a r a h
c .The las tproblem discusse s the reaciton so fthe Af ircan Ameircan
woment hat ea rr evealedthroughthemaincharactersi nTheHelp.
.
A TheCharacterisitc soft hemaincharacter s
t r a p s i h
T analyzes the characte irzaiton o fthe Af ircan Ameircan women
e r a h c i h
w revealed through the main character sinThe HelpnamelyAiblieen and
. y n n i
M These two character shave dfiferen tpersonaltiy that encourages them to
.s e ti h w e h t m o r f s t n e m t a e rt l a u q e n u e h t o t s n o it c a e r t n e r e f fi d e h
t The wrtie r
s s u c s i
d e sthephysica lappearanceand t hepersonaltiyo fAiblieen andMinny. oT
o s c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t t u o e r u g
if ft hemain character ,s t hewrtie rappilest het heory
m o r f n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c f
o Understanding Unseen : An Introduciton o f Engilsh
t d n a y r t e o
.
1 AiblieenClark
n o i s s u c s i d t s ri f e h
T d s eal wtih Aiblieen Clark who work sin Mrs .Leefol t
. n o s k c a J n i y li m a
f Aib lieeni soneo fthemain charactersi n TheHelp .Sheha sa
l a e d g i
b in encouraging the othe r blacks ’ reacitons in thi s novel . Aib lieen
s t n e s e r p e
r the picture of black women .She ha sthe characteirsitc swhich are
n o it c a e r e h t s s e r p x e o t r e h g n i g a r u o c n
e stoward the unequa l rteatments a ttha t
. e m
it Therefore,t hewrtie rchoose sAiblieeninordertoprovet heanalysi .sI nt hi s
r e ti r w e h t , tr a
p t ires to ifgure ou tthe characteirsitc so fAib lieen in The Helpb y
n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t e h t g n i y l p p
a .
.
a Physica lappearance
e c u d o rt n i s i n e e li b i
A d a sa middle aged woman who work sin the wh tie
. y b a b r i e h t e s i a r o t y li m a
f Thewrtie rdig sout t hecharacteirsitc sof t hecharacte r
g n i y l p p a y
b thetheory o fcharacteirzaiton .According t o Murphy, t hewrtie rsee s
g n ir u g if y b n e e li b i A f o e c n a r a e p p a l a c i s y h p e h
t outf romt hes peecho fAiblieeni n
. l e v o n e h
t “I twa s1924 and I’d jus tturned ffiteen year sold.” (Stockett ,2009 :
2 5
1 ) .In thi sstory ,Aiblieenstates thi sstatemen tin 1962 .Aiblieen i s if tfy three
g n i s i a r n i e c n e ir e p x e r e h t u o b a s ll e t e h s n e h w d l o s r a e
y awhtiebaby.
n
I TheHelp ,Aiblieeni sdescirbeda swomanwhoses kini sdarkbrownwhich
s
i perfeclty i denitifed a sAfircan Ameircan Women .The pictureo fAiblieen can
m o r f n w a r d e
b whtieyoungl adywhoi scalledMis sSkeeterint henovel.
“ dA n she’ smuch sho tre rthan me ,because who isn t’? He rskin i sdark y a r g e r a s w o r b e y e r e H . m r o fi n u e ti h w y h c r a t s r e h t s n i a g a y n i h s d n a n w o r b
t n e v
t a h t d e b ir c s e d n o it a t o u q e h
T Aiblieen ha sgrey eyebrowsand black hari .In
r o e h t e h t s e s u r e ti r w e h t , e s a c s i h
t y o fcharacteirzaitonwhich i scharacte ra sseen
r e h t o e h t y
b characters in Understanding Unseen :An Introduciton o fEngilsh
t n e d u t S s a e s r e v O r o f l e v o N h s il g n E e h t d n a y r t e o
P tha ti swirttenbyMurphy .The
s e r u t c i p r e ti r
w Aiblieen’ sphysica lappearance then .Thi sdialogu e i sspoken by
, r e t c a r a h c r e h t o e h
t M sis Skeeter .She tell sthe reade rabou tAiblieen’s physica l
e c n a r a e p p
a tha thelps t he reader t o depictAiblieen .The picture o fAiblieen also
p l e
h s the wrtiert o prove t ha tphysica lappearancesbelong to t he black woman’ s
t s a p e h t n i s e c n a r a e p p
a .
.
b Tough
k r a l C n e e li b i
A i sa black woman who ilve salone wtih hi sson named
. d n a b s u h r e h y b t f e l s i e h S . e r o l e e r
T In orde rto ge t the informaiton abou t
r o e h t e h t s e il p p a r e ti r w e h t , n e e li b i
A y o fcharacte irzaiton which i sspeech by
y h p r u
M .I nt hi scase ,Aiblieent ellst hes tiuaitonwhichha spassedinherl fie .“We
tr a t
s calilng hi sdaddyc irscocauseyou can’ tfancy up aman donerun of fon hi s
s e i s a e r g e h t e h s u l P . y li m a
f t -no coun tyou eve rknown”( Stockett ,2009 :5 .)From
, n o it a t o u q s i h
t the rtuthi st ha tAiblieen ha sahusband who r uns mfro hisf amliy.
d n a b s u h r e
H does no t suppor t Aiblieen and Treelore ifnancially o r
y ll a c i g o l o h c y s
p .I nhe rhardship ,Aib lieenandhers onareuntiedt os rtuggle .
p i h s d r a h e h
T o fAiblieen’sl fiedid no tend i nt ha tstiuaiton .Aiblieenl t ros h e
. n o
h S . k a e w d n
a eneededthreemonthst or eailzet hatt hewo lrdwa ssitllr ouitng .She
d e z il a e
r thatt hewo lrddidnots topbecausehers ondied .
“Tookt hreemonthsf ore Ievenl ookoutt hewindow ,see fit hewo lrd stli l . d i d n o s y m e s u a c t s u j p o t s t ’ n d i d d lr o w e h t e e s o t e s ir p r u s s a w I . e r e h t
y m n o t u p I . d e b e h t t u o p u f l e s y m d e tf il I , l a r e n u f e h t r e tf a s h t n o m e v i F
I d n a k c e n y m d n u o r a k c a b s s o r c d l o g e lt ti l y m t u p d n a m r o fi n u e ti h w
s e s u a c t l o f e e l s s i M n o t i a w o t t n e
w hej us tha sababygilr .Bu t Iweren’ t
s a w d e e s r e tt i b A . d e g n a h c d a h e m n i g n i h t e m o s n e e s I e r o f e b g n o l o o t
” . e r o m y n a g n it p e c c a o s l e e f t’ n d i d t s u j I d n A . e m e d i s n i d e t n a l
p (Stockett ,
) 3 : 9 0 0 2
e h t n o d e s a
B theory o fcharacteirzaiton ,he rstiuaiton atfe rhe rson died si
d e b ir c s e
d . In thi s case , the wrtie r also appiles the Murphy’ s theory o f
h c i h w n o it a z ir e t c a r a h
c ist hought .Aiblieenshowedhert hough tabou therl fieatfe r
e i d e r o l e e r
T d .Shet hinkst hatt hewo lrd didno tendo rstopa tfe rshel os the rson .
d i a s e h
S thatt hewo lrdwhereshe ilved i n wassitllr ou itng .Shecansurvivef rom
. n o it a u ti s t s e d r a h e h
t Aiblieen had t ough tha tshehad to ilve herl fiewtihou the r
n o
s .Thist hough tencouragedhert os tandupf o rhe rnewl fie .
s i n e e li b i A , s n o it a t o u q o w t e s e h t m o r
F shown a sa tough woman .S he can
a n e e li b i A t f e l d n a b s u h r e h e c n i s n o it a u ti s t s e d r a h e h t m o r f e v i v r u
s n dshel os the r
tr a t s e h S . n o
s s rh we n e lfiet houghi tneed sthreeo r ifvemonthst or eailzet ha the r
. d n e t o n d i d d lr o
w A tfe rsher eailze s ti ,shemakes herl fiemoreailvebyworking
s
a amaid .
.
c Reilgious
g n i e b s a d e b ir c s e d o s l a s i n e e li b i
A reilgious .Aiblieeni sablackwoman who
e v e il e
b s inGod. Thewrtie runderstands rhe characte irsitcbyanalyzingt hespeech
. n e e li b i A f
m , s i m e l b o r P . h c r u h
c uch asI l ovet heLord ,church going man neve rdo all t ha t
m r o f h c u
m e.” (Stockett ,2009 :22) .Thi squotaiton say stha tAib lieen l oves t he
d r o
L deeply .Sheconsidersto ifndareilgiou sman.Shel ook sfo ra man who may
a e v a
h good atttiudeint hechurch. Shel ooksf o rman who alsol ove sJesus . S he
d i a r f a s
i togett hemanwhol ooksilkehe re -x husband .
s i n e e li b i
A descirbeda sar eilgiou swomani n et h followingquotaiton.“Rumo r
h t s tl u s e r r e tt e b s t e g , r e y a r p r e w o p a d n i k e m o s t o g u o y s
i an j us tme t heregula r
. ) 3 2 : 9 0 0 2 , tt e k c o t S ( ” . y t e ir a
v In thi s case ,the wrtie rappile sthe theory fo
characteirzaiton which i s characte ra s seen by the others tha ti s wirtten by
y h p r u
M .Thi squotaitoni ss eenbyMinny .Reveailngt heothe rcharacters ’poin to f
w e i
v , t he wrtie rcan understand t he characteirsitco fAiblieen .Minny states t ha t
e li b i
A eni sknowna sawoman who hast hepowe rinherprayer .Aiblieenl oves to
e ti r
w a prayer .Shel oves t o wrtie ils s t o fpeople who ask t o pray for .Al loft he
s e r r e tt e b e h t t e g l li w n e e li b i A t a h t w o n k n o s k c a J n i e l p o e
p u tlo fhe rprayer .They
k n i h
t tha tAib lieen i sclosert o Jesus .Fromt hesequotaiton ,s t hewrtie rconcludes
. n a m o w s u o i g il e r a s i n e e li b i A t a h t
.
d HardWorking
Aiblieen mus t work a s a maid to stay ailve since s he ilve s alone
t u o h ti
w husband.She work sreally hard bu twha tshe get sis unsaitsifed salary
s e o d h c i h
w no tcoverfo rhe rexpense .“ Iwork f o rMis sLeefol teightt of our ,six
h c i h w , y a d ir F r e v e s r a ll o d e e r h t y tr o f d i a p t e g I . y a d r u t a S t p e c x e k e e w a s y a d
.) 6 1 : 9 0 0 2 , tt e k c o t S ( ” . h t n o m a 2 7 1 $ o t e m o
s s i h c i h
w peech, t hepersonaltiy o fAiblieen can be revealed by he rown speech .
e g r a h c n i s i e h S . s y a d x i s r o f y li m a f t l o f e e L e h t n i s k r o w e h s t a h t s y a s n e e li b i A
. e s u o h t a h t n i g n i k r o w r o f r u o f o t t h g i e m o r
f Fromt hi squotaiton, t hewrtie ralso
l a e v e
r s tha tAibliee eng ts wl o salary for working hard in the whtie famliy. He r
y r a l a
s si no tenought ocove ral lo fhe rexpenses .Sher eallyt hanks IdaPeekwhoi s
r e
h neighbor in Jackson .Aiblieen ha s ifeld which rent to Ida Peek .Wtihou t
d l e if r e h g n i d n e
l fo rIdaPeek ,Aiblieen wli lno thave food because he rsalary i s
onlyf o rdaliyexpense.
s w o n k o s l a r e ti r w e h
T tha tshei sa hardworke rfrom Aiblieen’ sutterancei n
. k r o w r e h t u o b a g n i h t e m o s s y a s n e e li b i A , n o it a t o u q s i h t n I .l e v o n e h t
s m o o r h t a b o w t y l n O
“ ,whichi sar eile fcause Iworkedi nhouse swheret hey y
a d e l o h w a e k a T . x i s r o e v if s a
w to clean up t het oliets .Mis sLeefotldon’ t r e tf a t u B . s r a e y n i d i a p n e e b I n a h t s s e l ,r u o h n a s t n e c e v if y t e n i n t u b y a p
I , d e i d e r o l e e r
T tookwha t Icould.”( Stockett ,2009 :4)
y r o e h t e h t y l p p a o t s e ir t r e ti r w e h t , e s a c s i h t n
I o fcharacteirzaiton which i s
speechin Understanding Unseen :An Introduciton o fEngilsh Poetry and the
t n e d u t S s a e s r e v O r o f l e v o N h s il g n
E that i sw irtten by Murphy .By applying t hi s
t , y r o e h
t hewrtie rcan r evealwha tAibileens say .Shestatest ha tshehast ocleana
. y a d y r e v e s m o o r h t a b x i s r o e v if s a h h c i h w e s u o
h tIt ake sal ong itmet o maket he
e s u o
h clean .Fromt hi squotaiton ,Aiblieenstatest hatt hewhtieyoungl adynamed
s e o d t l o f e e L . s r
M on tgive a prope rsalary fo rher .Though ,she work shard fo r
. e s u o h y d a l e ti h w e h t g n i n a e l
c Aiblieen say stha tatfe rhe rson died ,she take s
g n i h t y r e v
e to cove rhe rexpense .A samiddle aged black woman ,Aiblieen ,who
e n o l a s e v
.
e W ise
s a k r a l C n e e li b i A s e b ir c s e d t t e k c o t
S a wise black woman who can decide
e h s t a h
w w oilld .Aiblieenalwayst hinks twicef o rdecidingt o do something . tIi s
h g u o r h t d e l a e v e
r Aiblieen’ s reaciton stow ard wha tMinny doe sto the wh tie
. y li m a f
M , u o y n o e y e r e h t o g I k n i h t I
“ inny.J us tbeex rtacarefu laroundhe.r” s s i M . e s u o h r e h d r a w o t f f o g n i p m o t s , w o d n i w e h t h g u o r h t r e h h c t a w I “
o t ti p e e k t s u j a d l u o h s I e b y a m , w a L . h ti w s s e m o t y d o b e m o s t ’ n i a y ll i H
” .f l e s y
m (Stockett ,2009 :14)
n o d e s a
B thequotaiton ,Aib lieenwarnsMinny fo rwha tshedoest o t hewh tie
h c i h w n o it c a e r s ’ y n n i M t a h t s k n i h t n e e li b i A . y li m a
f i swtihoutt hinking f ris twli l
. e l b u o rt n i r e h e k a
m Aiblieen alway sconsider swha tshe wli ldo .I tproves tha t
. n a m o w e s i w a s i n e e li b i A
s w o h s n e e li b i A , e s a c s i h t n
I he rreaciton t oward swha tthe unequa lstiuaiton
. e m it t a h t t
a Aiblieen think sfris tbefore she shows he rreaciton .She learn sthe
e h s t a h w e d i c e d n a c e h s n e h t t s ri f n o it a u ti
s i sbette rto do a ttha t itme .In thi s
e h s , n o it a t o u
q okn w stha tthe stiuaiton wli lput them into the rtouble .Aib lieen
a h t s w o n k y ll a e
r tshe and Minny are the mino rsociety so tha tshe choose sto
t p e c c
a theunequa lrteatmentt ha thappenedt ot hem .Sheconsiderst hepunishmen t
f o e c it c a r p e h t s e s u f e r e h s
fi segregaiton .Shedecidest okeepallt hats heknowst o
. fl e s r e h
i n r a e l y
B ng from thi s reaciton , the wrtier know s the characteirsitc o f
. n e e li b i
A Having awise personaltiy ,sheacceptst heunequa lstiuaiton whichcan
. e l b u o rt o t n i r e h t u
p The wrtie rcan see tha ther reaciton toward sthe unequa l
