THE USE OF PROCESS IN MALE AND FEMALE'S TEXT
STATUS OF FACEBOOK
A THESIS
Submitted as the Partial Fullfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
By :
ELI SUGIARTI
Registration Number 2112220006
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
DECLARATION
I have familiarized myself with the university’s Policy on Academic Integrity. Except where appropriately acknowledgement, this thesis in my own
work, has been expressed in my own words, and has not been previously been
submitted for assessment.
I understand that this paper may be screened electronically or otherwise
for plagiarism.
Medan, July 2015
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The researcher expresses her highest gratitude to Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala for blessing, love, opportunity, health, and mercy to complete this thesis.Shalawat is also sent to Prophet Muhammad shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam who had delivered the truth to human beings in general and Muslim in particular.
In arranging this thesis, a lot of people have provided motivation, advice,
support, and even remark that had helped the researcher. In this valuable chance,
the researcher aims to express her gratitude and appreciation to all of them.
The writer comes upon a lot of difficulties during the writing of this study,
due to her limited knowledge and experience. However, many people have
directly and indirectly contributed and helped her during completing this study
and the writer would great thanks to they are all as mentioned in following.
Prof. Dr. H. SyawalGultom, M.Pd as the Rector of State University of
Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum. as the Dean of Faculty of Languages and
Arts, for her leadership in academic process.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd. as the Head of English and Literature
Department all at once as her Thesis Examiner for the guidance in the
process of completing this thesis.
Dra. Meisuri, M.A. as the Secretary of English and Literature
Department. SyamsulBahri, S.S, M.Hum, Head of Applied Linguistics,
and also to NoraRonitaDewi, S.Pd, M.Hum, as the Head of English
Education for all suggestions and administrative during her study
especially in conducting the thesis.
Prof. AmrinSaragih, M.A., Ph.D as her Supervisor who always helped
and gave suggestion to finish this thesis.
Dra. SorthaSilitonga, M.Pd as her Academic Advisor for the suggestions
and guidance during the academic years, and also Dr. I
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M.Ed as herThesis Examinerwho have given their precious time,
guidance, suggestions, and comments..
Gratitude to all the Lecturers of the English Department for their value knowledge and guidance to her during her academic years of university. Eis Sri Wahyuni, M.Pd.,who have helped the writer in providing
theacademicadministration.
The researcher’s deepest appreciation goes to her beloved parents, her mother Waginem for the endless love, pray, and support, and her father
Tardi who has become the researcher’s inspiration to keep learning
especially in academic level as he desired before.
Her thankfulness first also goes to for my best friends Rika ArcellaPutri and DwiPratiwi for all your motivations, and for DindaSitiRodiyanti
Pane who helped the writer for finishing this thesis.
The last but not least for all her friends in English Department especially for English Literature A 2011 Dwi, Dinda, Khalida, Dahra, Bunga,
Masri, Muliani, Sofa, Christin, Ika, Marta, Ayu, Nella, Sri, Ucak, Icik,
Maria, Lana, Septia, Juni, Hotmarina, Andrea, Laura, Juli, Tesha,
Yohana, Swidanti, Sofyan, Bobi, Rezeki, Hasbi, Manguhal, Serius,
David Sihite, David Hutabaratfor their pray, motivation, and for being
places to share.
Finally, may Allah always blesses us. Aamiin
Medan, July 2015
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ABSTRACT
Sugiarti, Eli. 2112220006. The Use of Process in Male and Female’s Text
Status of Facebook. A thesis.English Department of Faculty of Language and
Arts, State University of Medan.2015.
This study focused on the use of process in male and female’s text status of Facebook. The objectives were to describe the patterns of process and to reasons for male and female’s use process in Facebook status. This study was used descriptive qualitative methode because the object of the study was Facebook status in male and female. The sample was randomly taken from 1250 population of Facebook users there were 329 clauses in text status.The research instrument of this study is documentary sheet. Technique of analyzing the data was descriptive technique, while the steps in analyzing the data are as follows: identyfing the clauses in Facebook status, classifying the clauses into types of process, and describing each process. Based on the table of the finding, it can be concluded that mental process has the most dominant process found in Facebook status and dominant use by male. From the analysis, it is found that 127 (38.6%) material process, 50 (15.1%)mental process, 122 (37.0%) relational process, 15 (4.5%) verbal process, 6 (1.8%) behavioral process, and 18 (5.4%) existential process.
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CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. Background of the Study ... 1
B. The Problems of the Study ... 3
C. The Scope of the Study... 4
D. The Objective of the Study... 4
E. The Significance of the Study ... 4
CHAPTER II.REVIEW OF LITERATURE ... 6
A. Theoretical Framework ... 6
1.Metafunction ... 6
7. Social Networking Service ... 18
8. Facebook ... 19
9. Gender in Language ... 22
B. The Previous Relevant studies ... 25
C. Conceptual Framework ... 26
CHAPTER III.RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 29
A. Research Design ... 29
B. Data and Source of Data ... 29
C. The Technique for Collecting Data ... 29
D. Research Instrument ... 30
E. Population and Sample ... 30
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CHAPTER IV.DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS ... 32
A. The Data ... 32
B. The Analysis of Data ... 32
C. The Analysis of The Occurrences Types of Process ... 33
D. Research Findings ... 38
CHAPTERV. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS ... 39
A. Conclusions ... 39
B. Suggestions ... 40
REFERENCES ... 41
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LIST OF TABLE
Pages
Table 2.1 Process and Participants ... 17
Table 2.2 Circumstances ... 17
Table 4.1 The Total Number of Process ... 31
Table 4.2 The Total Number of Percentage by Male ... 32
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Pages
APPENDIX A The Types of Process Analysis ... 43
APPENDIX B The Text of Facebook Users ... 55
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
Human beings are part of social environment. They need to interact, to
communicate or to express their idea to others. Speech is one way to communicate
or express ideas. Therefore, humans need a means to convey what they want.
And, language is the best means to solve those problems. According to Sapir
(1921: 8), “language is purely human and non instinctive method of
communication ideas, emotions, and desires by means of system voluntary
produces symbols.” In addition, Bloor, T and Bloor, M (1995: 1) says, language is
a „system of meanings‟. When people communicate by using language, their
language acts are the expression of meaning. Of course every single word we utter
has meaning that can be understood and caught by the listener, then there will be
such interaction that we call as communication.
Language and gender are concerned with how gender affects the ways in
which we use language and others use language with us. In spoken language, it
seems rather easy to decide whether the language will refer to women‟s language
or men‟s language. The difference in voice and pronunciation while talking make
the process of identification become easier for people pay more attention to what
they see and hear directly. In writing, both men and women look almost the same
in language use especially when they come from the same educational
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interacting. Nevertheless, when it comes to writing some personal stuff which
includes their feelings, experiences, or ideas, male and female will simply show
their real identity. It happens to be the reason that written language is not rare
symbolized as the reflection of human‟s feelings as it successfully reveals
someone‟s personality by the dictions used in composing personal texts.
In composing texts, grammar is needed as it indicates how language is
organized. There are several kinds of grammar, traditional grammar, formal
grammar and functional grammar. Functional grammar implies that humans use
language as a resource for making meaning. They use language to represent
(ideational), to exchange (interpersonal) and to organize experience (textual).
These three functions are called Metafunctions. In each metafunction, an analysis
of a clause gives a different kind of structure composed from a different set of
elements. In the ideational metafunction, a clause is analyzed into process,
participants and circumstances, with different participant types for different
process types. In the interpersonal metafunction, a clause is analyzed into Mood
and Residue, with the mood element further analyzed into Subject and Finite. In
the textual metafunction, a clause is analyzed into Theme and Rheme.
(http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijel/article/view/27559)
Ideational function is the function for constructing human experience, this
function convey new information, to communicate content that is unknown to the
hearer. The ideational function is mainly represented by the transitivity system.
The transitivity system includes six processes : material process, mental process,
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These types of process can occur in either spoken or written way. In written way,
process can be obviously observed from many sources. One of them is social
media. Especially for people who live in twenty first century era, the existence of
social media through internet has been the facilitation for those who want to
interact or share information with others in more simple way and less costly in
charge. By using social media, the users can join the communities they have
interests with or are able to express ideas relating to the issues in the society such
as the commentary and suggestions, or even the experience they have.
One of the most popular social medias which is widely used by people,
particularly Indonesians, is Facebook. This account may the users for updating
and sharing their status among the other Facebook users during the times they
have on-line connection. Each status posting, people might identify their way to
use language.
This study was related to analyze one of the experiential element called
process. Here, the analysis would be focused on finding the types of process in
Facebook user‟s status especially male and female users.
B. The Problem of the study
The problems of the study are formulated as the following.
1. What patterns of process are used in Facebook status text written by male and
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2. Why do male and female use the process in the status?
C. The Objectives of the Study
The objectives of the study are:
1. to describe the patterns of process used in Facebook status text written by male
and female.
2. to reasons for male and female users using process in the status.
D. The Scope of the Study
This study was to apply and enrich the linguistic theory, especially in the
field of micro-linguistics. Furthermore, the specific purposes of this study were to
analyzed transitivity process in clause and to find out the most frequent process
type found in Facebook status. The writer limited her research on analyzing the
types of process written in English.
E. The Significance of The Study
Findings of this study are expected to be useful theoretically and
practically. Theoretically, the findings of the present study are expected to be add
up more horizon to theory of linguistics.
Practically, since this research focuses on using process in facebook status.
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process in text status of facebook and to be useful for students who are interested
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behavioral process, and 18 (5.4%) existential process.
(2) The dominant type of process which used in facebook status using by
male and female is material process with 127 (38.6%) clauses.
(3) The highest proportion in the use of material process is due to the fact
that most of users in Facebook share their action or event.
(4) Male and Female used process in their status because in written or
spoken text, we always used a verb. Because without verb we cannot
make a sentence. Process is a part of transitivity whish is devided a verb
into six type of process so that the language which we used become
more informative. Process also be a part of self-expression in using
language. From the data, male and female used deferent type of process.
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speak with active voice and female used relational process (process of
identification, attribution and possession), because female speak with
passive voice.
B. Suggestions
Referring to the result of this research, the following suggestions are
forwarding.
1) Those who are interested are suggested to enlarge their knowledge what
types of process in functional grammar.
2) The readers are suggested to know how types of process are used in
communication.
3) The students of English Department are advised to study more about types
of process, so they can better understand how to share information.
4) For other researcher, it is suggested that this study can be reference for the
further research to analyze the types of process. This study can help the
further research to be more understand clearly, how significance the types
