A THESIS ON
AN ANALYSIS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC WRITING
LEARNING STRATEGIES
by:
Andreas Purwanto
Student Number : 06.80.0036
Approved by,
Drs. Y. E. Budiyana, M.A November 13th, 2012 Major Sponsor
A Thesis defended in front of the Board of Examiners On November 13th, 2012 and declared acceptable
BOARD OF EXAMINERS
Chair person : Drs. Y. E. Budiyana, M. A ... Secretary : Emilia Ninik Aydawati, SP, M. Hum ... Member : Heny Hartono, SS, M. Pd ...
Semarang, November 13th, 2012 Faculty of Letters
Soegijapranata Catholic University Dean,
Heny Hartono, SS, M. Pd.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My very first thanks will be dedicated to my Lord who has given me the blessing so that I could finish my thesis after I struggled with it in some years. Without His love, I cannot finish this thesis.
Second, I would like to thank Drs. Y E Budiyana, MA and Emilia Ninik Aydawati, SP. M. Hum and appreciate them for their incredibly wonderful guidance and support. “I am aware of my weaknesses in every subject, especially in grammar and idea, so by completing this thesis my biggest achievements is achieved. I don’t really think that I will be able to write this thesis without their helps and advices. For that reason, I give you my deepest thanks.”
The next is to my parents, “Thanks for giving me time to complete my thesis. I am very thankful for it.” I am so lucky to be their only son who has been taken care and loved. Without their love I, cannot be like I am now.
The last, but not the least, I would like to thank all my friends that I cannot mention one by one. Without their help, I couldn’t finish this thesis.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE OF TITLE...i
PAGE OF APPROVAL...ii
BOARD OF EXAMINERS...iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS...v
LIST OF TABLES...viii
ABSTRACT...x
ABSTRAK...xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION...1
1.1 Background of study...1
1.2 Field of the Study...3
1.3 Scope of the Study...3
1.4 Problem Formulation...4
1.5 Objectives of the Study...4
1.6 Significance of the Study...4
1.7 Definition of Terms...4
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW...6
2.1 Writing...7
2.2 Language Learning Strategies...9
2.3 Kind of Strategies...10
2.3.1.1Memory Strategies……..……...11
2.3.1.2Cognitive Strategies……..……...11
2.3.1.3Compensation Strategies……..……...12
2.4 Indirect Strategies...12
2.4.1 Metacognitive Strategies……..……...12
2.4.2 Affective Strategies……..……...13
2.4.3 Social strategies……..……...13
2.5 Applying Direct Strategies………...14
2.5.1 Applying Memories Strategies to the Writing Skill……...14
2.5.2 Applying Cognitive Strategies to the Writing Skill……...14
2.5.3 Applying Compensation Strategies to the Writing Skill…15 2.6 Applying Indirect Strategies………...16
2.6.1 Applying Metacognitive Strategies to the Writing Skill....16
2.6.2 Applying Affective Strategies to the Writing Skill………17
2.6.3 Applying Social Strategies to the Writing Skill………...18
CHAPTER III METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION & ANALYSIS...20
3.1 Method of Data Collection...20
3.1.1 Participants...20
3.1.2 Instruments...20
3.2 Method of Data Analysis...22
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION...23
4.1 The Validity of the Questioners………...23
4.2 Learning Strategies………...24
4.2.1 Memory Strategies………...24
4.2.2 Cognitive Strategies………...25
4.2.3 Compensation Strategies………...…..33
4.2.4 Metacognitive Strategies………...38
4.2.5 Affective Strategies………...44
4.2.6 Social Strategies………...56
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION...62
5.1 Conclusion...62
5.2 Suggestion...63
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 4.1 Learning and Writing Formulas and Patterns of Sentences………...25 TABLE 4.2 Combining New Expressions to Produce a Writen Story...27 TABLE 4.3 Practicing Naturalistically by Writing a Letter or Journal in The New
Language I am Learning...28 TABLE 4.4 Using Either Print or Non Print Resources to Produce a Writing Work
………...30 TABLE 4.5 Reasoning Deductively ( Using General Rules I Already Know and
Applying Them to The New Target Language Situation ...31 TABLE 4.6 Selecting the Topic...33 TABLE 4.7 Adjusting or Approximating the message ( altering the message by
omitting some items of information, making ideas simple or less precise , or writing something slightly different that means almost the same thing)………...35 TABLE 4.8 Coining words ( making up new words to communicate the desired
idea such as paper holder for notebook………...37 TABLE 4.9 Doing overviewing and linking with already known materials ...39 TABLE 4.10 Developing writing skills by writing articles, letters....41 TABLE 4.11 Identifying the purpose of a language task like providing factual
TABLE 4.14 Using laughter by watching a funny movie, reading a humorous book, listening to jokes………...47 TABLE 4.15 Taking risk wisely ( pushing my self to take risks in a language
learning situations………...49 TABLE 4.16 Using checklist to discover feelings, attitude and motivation in
learning a new language………...51 TABLE 4.17 Writing a language learning diary or journal to keep track of events
and feelings in the process of learning writing in a new language....52 TABLE 4.18 Discussing my feeling with someone else to discover and express
feelings about learning writing….………...54 TABLE 4.19 Asking someone for correction in a writing………...56 TABLE 4.20 Cooperating with proficient users of the new language or native
speakers………...58 TABLE 4.21 Developing cultural understanding which helps me know what is
ABSTRACT
The objective of Academic Writing class is to prepare students writing their thesis.. This thesis investigated the writing strategies used by the students who take Academic writing. This is a quantitative study. The writer uses questionnaire which has been constructed based on the one written by Oxford (1990). The writer constructed 44 items. The number of the participants who joined this study is 24 students who took Academic writing in the year of 2010/2011. There are five writing strategies namely memory strategies, cognitive strategies, compensation strategies, metacognitive strategies, affective strategies and social strategies.
ABSTRAK
Academic Writing class adalah mata kuliah untuk menyiapkan para mahasiswa menulis skripsi. Thesis ini meneliti strategi menulis yang digunakan mahasiswa yang mengambil matakuliah Academic writing. Ini merupakan suatu studi kuantitatif. Penulis menggunakan kuesioner yang disusun berdasarkan kuesioner yang ditulis Oxford (1990). Kuesioner terdiri dari 44 pertanyaan. Partisipan studi ini adalah 24 mahasiswa Academic Writing class tahun 2010/2011. Ada lima strategi yang berbeda yaitu memory strategies, cognitive strategies, compensation strategies, metacognitive strategies, affective strategies
dan social strategies.
Ditemukan bahwa tidak ada mahasiswa yang menggunakan memory strategies. Kebanyakan mahasiswa menggunakan cognitive strategies dengan rata rata 3,01 sedang rata rata compensate strategies adalah 2,67. Rata rata
metacognitive strategies 3.067. Sedang rata rata untuk affective strategies adalah 2,9 yang berarti kadang kadang mahasiswa memakai strategi ini. Rata rata untuk
social strategies adalah 3.11. Jadi bisa disimpulkan bahwa kebanyakan
mahasiswa Academic Writing menggunakan semua strategi menulis kecuali
memory strategies.
