vii
AKTIVITAS NEFROPROTEKTIF EKSTRAK ETANOL TEMU MANGGA (Curcuma mangga Val) PADA MENCIT JANTAN YANG DIINDUKSI
PARASETAMOL
ABSTRAK
Temu mangga mengandung antioksidan yang dapat menangkal radikal bebas dan mengurangi terbentuknya N-acetyl-parabenzoquinoneimine (NAPQI) yang dihasilkan dari metabolisme parasetamol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi apakah ekstrak etanol temu mangga memiliki aktivitas nefroprotektif yaitu dapat menurunkan kadar serum kreatinin dan melindungi sel ginjal dari nekrosis yang disebabkan oleh parasetamol terhadap mencit jantan.
Aktivitas ekstrak dievaluasi menggunakan kelompok kontrol normal, kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif dan kelompok perlakuan ekstrak etanol temu mangga (EETM) dengan dosis 100 mg/kg bb, 200 mg/kg bb, dan 400 mg/kg bb. Mencit kelompok kontrol normal dan kontrol negatif diberikan CMC Na 0,5% selama 7 hari. Mencit kelompok kontrol positif diberikan Curcuma® 58 mg/kg bb selama 7 hari. Ekstrak akan diberikan secara oral pada mencit dengan dosis 100 mg/kg bb, 200 mg/kg bb dan 400 mg/kg bb. EETM diberikan selama 7 hari. Untuk kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, kelompok perlakuan EETM 100 mg/kg bb, EETM 200 mg/kg bb, EETM 400 mg/kg bb, pada hari ke-7, setelah 1 jam perlakuan, mencit diinduksi dengan parasetamol 1,05 g/kg bb. Serum kadar kreatinin darah semua kelompok diuji. Semua ginjal dipindahkan ke larutan formalin 10% untuk diuji histopatologi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji One-Way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Post Hoc Tuckey.
Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, pemberian parasetamol menyebabkan kerusakan ginjal ditandai dengan peningkatan serum kreatinin serta gambaran kerusakan histopatologi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik, pemberian EETM dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kg bb mampu menghambat peningkatan kadar kreatinin dan menunjukkan perbandingan berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol negatif (p = 0,000) dan tidak berbeda signifikan dibandingkan kontrol positif (p = 0,432). Pada gambaran histopatologi sel ginjal dosis 400 mg/kg bb tidak menunjukkan adanya kerusakan sel.
EETM dosis 400 mg/kg bb mempunyai aktivitas nefroprotektif dengan kadar serum kreatinin = 0,5320 ± 0,0804 mg/dl, dan pada dosis 100 mg/kg bb, 200 mg/kg bb, 400 mg/kg bb tidak menunjukkan kerusakan jaringan ginjal pada pemeriksaan histopatologi jaringan. Peningkatan dosis EETM dari dosis 100 mg/kg bb, 200 mg/kg bb, dan 400 mg/kg bb menunjukkan peningkatan aktivitas neproprotektif.
Kata kunci : temu mangga (Curcuma mangga Val), serum kreatinin, histologi ginjal, ginjal, parasetamol
viii
NEPHROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY ETHANOL EXTRACT OF MANGO GINGER (Curcuma mangga Val) IN PARACETAMOL-INDUCED MALE
MICE
ABSTRACT
Mango ginger contains antioxidants that can counteract free radicals and reduce the formation of N-acetyl - parabenzoquinoneimine (NAPQI) resulting from the metabolism of paracetamol. This study aimed to identify whether the ethanol extract of mango ginger (EEMG) has nephroprotective activity that can decrease serum creatinine levels and protect kidney cell from necrosis caused by paracetamol to male mice.
The EEMG activity was evaluated using normal control group, negative control group, positive control group and EEMG with dose 100 mg/kg of body weight, 200 mg/kg of body weigh, 400 mg/kg of body weight. Normal control and negative control groups were given CMC Na 0.5% for 7 days. Mice positive control group was given Curcuma® 58 mg/kg of body weight for 7 days. The EEMG was given orally in mice at doses of 100 mg/kg of body weight, 200 mg/kg of body weight, and 400 mg/kg of body weight for 7 days. For negative control group, positive control group, EEMG treatment group dose 100 mg/kg of body weight, 200 mg/kg of body weight, 400 mg/kg of body weight, on day 7 after one hour of treatment, the mice was induced with paracetamol 1.05 g/kg of body weight. Blood serum creatinine levels of all the groups were tested. The kidneys of all experimental animal were transferred to 10% formalin solution for histopathologic testing. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA test and continued with Post Hoc Tuckey test.
Based on the test results, paracetamol administration caused renal demage characterized by increased serum creatinine and histopathologic damage features. Based on statistical analysis, EEMG with dose 100 mg/kg of body weight, 200 mg/kg of body weigh, 400 mg/kg of body weight were able to inhibit the increase of creatinine levels and showed a significantly different ratio from negative control (p = 0.000) and did not different significantly from positive control (p = 0.432). In the histopathology of renal cell dose 400 mg/kg of body weight did not show any cell damage.
Mango ginger ethanolic extract doses of 400 mg/kg of body weight had nephroprotective activity with serum creatinine = 0.5320 ± 0.0804 mg/dl, and at dose 100 mg/kg of body weight, 200 mg/kg of body weight, 400 mg/kg of body weight did not show renal tissue damage in tissue histophatologic examination. Increased doses of EEMG from 100 mg/kg of body weight, 200 mg/kg of body weight, and 400 mg/kg of body weight indicated increased neproprotective activity.
Key words : mango ginger (Curcuma mango Val), serum creatinine, renal histology, kidney, paracetamol
