ISBN : 978-602-1178-11-9
th
4 International Conference
on Technical and Vocational
Education and Training (TVET)
Theme :
Technical and Vocational Education and
Training for Sustainable Societies
th
PROCEEDINGS 4
International Conference on TVET
Pa
da
ng
, N
ov
em
be
r 9
-11
, 2
01
7
Padang, November 9-1
1, 2017
ISBN : 978-602-1178-11-9
ISBN : 978-602-1178-11-9
Padang, November 9-11, 2017
Int. J. of GEOMATE, Month, Year, Vol.00, No.00 (Sl. No. 00), pp. 00-00
Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Padang
4th International Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training
Padang : November 9-11, 2017
FOREWORDS
This proceeding aims to disseminate valuable ideas and issues based on research or literature
review in the field of vocational, technical and engineering studies, which have been presented in 4
thInternational Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training. This conference has taken
place in Hospitality Center Universitas Negeri Padang, November 9-11, 2017.
The theme of Conference focused on the perspective of technical and vocational education and
training for sustainable society to face the challenges of 21
stcentury, globalization era, and particularly
Asian Economic Community. To overcome the challenges, we need the innovation and change in human
resources development. Technical vocational educational and training have essential roles to change the
world of education and work in order to establish sustainable society.
Undoubtedly, TVET need to enhance the quality of learning by developing various model of
active learning, including learning in the workplace and entrepreneurship. Create innovation and applied
engineering as well as information technology. Improvement of management and leadership in TVET
Institution, and development of vocational and technical teacher education.
Many ideas and research findings have been shared and discussed in the seminar, more than 176
papers have been collected and selected through scholars, scientists, technologist,
and engineers’
. as
well as teachers, professors, and post graduates students who participated in the conference.
Eight keynote speakers have taken a part in the conference, namely Prof. Intan Ahmad, Ph.D.
(Director general of learning and student affairs, Kemenristek Dikti) and Prof. Josaphat Tetuko Sri
Sumantyo, Ph.D. (CEReS Chiba University) and Prof. Dr. Maizam Alias (UTHM Malaysia) and Prof.
Ganefri, Ph.D. (Rector of UNP) and Prof. Dr. Ramlee bin Mustapha (UPSI Malaysia) and Prof. Nizwardi
Jalinus, Ed.D. (Chair of TVET doctoral program, FT UNP) and Prof. Michael Koh, Ph.D. Dr. Fahmi
Rizal, M.Pd., MT (Dean of FT UNP). They all have a great contribution for the success of the
conference.
Finally, thank a million for all participants of the conference who supported the success of 4
thInternational conference on TVET 2017 and most importantly, our gratitude to all scholars who support
and tolerated our mistake during the conference.
Padang, 9 November 2017
Prof. Dr. Nizwardi Jalinus, M.Ed
No
Author
Article
1
Asrul Huda, Rendy Harisca
DEVELOPMENT OF EMPLOYEE INFORMATION
SYSTEM-BASED WEB IN MAN 1 PADANG
2
S Syaukani, M Bahi, M Muslim, M
Shabri Abd Majid, D Sutekad, Y
Yasmin, N Novita
TWO SPECIES OF TERMITE DAMAGING TO BUILDING
AND HOUSES AT BANDA ACEH (SUMATRA, INDONESIA)
3
Harleni
ACADEMIC INFORMATION SYSTEM OF STIKES PERINTIS
PADANG
4
Eko Indrawan
REVIEW DEVELOPING OF PROJECT BASED AS
INNOVATION INSTRUCTIONAL
5
Budi Syahri, Primawati, Syahrial
IMPROVING LEARNING MOTIVATION THROUGH
IMPLEMENTATION PROBLEM SOLVING LEARNING
STRATEGY
6
Juli Sardi, Hastuti, Ali Basrah
Pulungan
THE DESIGN OF THE SIGNAL MEASUREMENT DEVICE
OF BODY’S BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE By USING
THREE ELECTRODES
7
Toto Sugiarto, Dwi Sudarno Putra,
Wawan Purwanto
EFFECT OF ENGINE TEMPERATURE CHANGES ON
INJECTION TIME OF FUEL AND GAS EMISSION OF
GASOLINE ENGINE
9
Asyahri Hadi Nasyuha, Rahmat
Sulaiman Naibaho, Saniman
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS) WITH WP AND MFEP
METHODS IN SELECTION OF BEST BABY CLOTHES
10
Arif Rahman Hakim
MODIFICATION OF INPUT PUSHER ASSEMBLY OF LASER
MARKING MACHINE
11
Akmam, Amir Harman, Putra,
Amali, Resi Elfitri
OPTIMIZE OF LEAST-SQUARE INVERSE CONSTRAIN
METHOD OF GEOELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY
WENNER-SCHLUMBERGER FOR INVESTIGATION ROCK
STRUCTURES IN MALALAK DISTRICTS OF AGAM WEST
SUMATRA
DAFTAR ISI PROSIDING 4th ICTVET UNP 2017
8
12
13
14
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING POSTER AND VIDEO
MEDIA IN EDUCATION ABOUT DANGERS OF SMOKING
ON KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL 12 PEKANBARU STUDENTS
Nurzamaliah Afifah, Ambiyar,
Yufrizal. A
THE INFLUENCE OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING
TOWARD ELECTRICAL MACHINE AND ENERGY
CONVERSION STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT OF
VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 1 PADANG
Kms. Muhammad. Avrieldi,
Suparno, Nofri Helmi
THE EFFECT OF SOFTWARE MASTERCAME TOWARD
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS PERFORMANCE
IN MAKING PRODUCT WITH CNC MILLING MACHINE IN
VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 1 PADANG
Hastuti Marlina, Reno Renaldi
Fivia Eliza, Dwiprima Elvanny
Myor, Hastuti
THE VALIDITY OF TRAINERON MATERIALS SCIENCE
AND DEVICESSUBJECTAT DEPARTMENT OF
18
Tri Monarita Johan
FUNCTIONAL MEMBERSHIP ANALYSIS OF FUZZY
INFERENCE SYSTEM SUGENO IN ANEMIA
CLASSIFICATION
19
Henny Yustisia
CURRICULUM ANALYSIS OF PREREQUISITE COURSE AT
INDUSTRIAL FIELD PRACTICE (IFP)
(Case Study: Competency Compliance)
20
Suryadimal, Edi Septe,Wenny
Martiana, Fahmi Rizal, Nizwardi
Jalinus
NEED ANALYSIS APPLICATION ON THE FEASIBILITY
STUDY OF THE HYDROELECTRIC POWER SELECTION
(CASE IN SOLOK, PESISIR SELATAN AND SIJUNJUNG
REGENCY)
15
16
17
21
Nur Hidayati, Muhammad Ridha
Ridwan
INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA PROGRAM WITH
PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING METHOD TO IMPROVE LEARNING
OUTCOMES INBIOLOGY SUBJECT
Sukardi, M.Giatman, Remon
Lapisa, Purwantono, Refdinal
A MICRO HYDROPOWER GENERATOR AS AN
ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION FOR ENERGY PROBLEM
SOLVING IN INDONESIAN REMOTE AREA
Nuzul Hidayat, Ahmad Arif, M.
Yasep Setiawan
RELATIONDRAG FORCE REDUCTION ON CIRCULAR
CYLINDER USING CIRCULAR DISTURBANCE BODY
WITH TURBULENCE INTENSITY
22
23
24
25
26
SIMPLE WATER PURIFIER USING MULTILEVEL SYSTEM
Dwiprima Elvanny Myori, Citra
Dewi, Erita Astrid, Ilham Juliwardi
Jasman, Nelvi Erizon, Syahrul,
Junil Adri, Bulkia Rahim
Hendri Nurdin, Hasanuddin,
Waskito, Refdinal, Darmawi
IMPLEMENTATION OF CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND
LEARNING ON ANALYZING ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
SUBJECT
Dwi Sudarno Putra, Misra Dandi
Utama, Dedi Setiawan, Remon
Lapisa, Ambiyar
EVALUATION OF LEARNING PROCESS USING CIPP
MODEL
Remon Lapisa, Dwi Sudarno Putra,
Ahmad Arif, Syafmi Algifari
Abda’u
EFFECT OF GASOLINE ADDITIVE MATERIALS
ON ENGINE PERFORMANCE
Muhammad Luthfi Hamzah,
Hamzah, Astri Ayu Purwati
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE
IMPROVEMENT OF TEACHER’S COMPETENCIES AND
TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS EFFECTIVENESS IN ESA
SEJAHTERA SCHOOL PEKANBARU
ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCT PROTOTYPE EXISTENCE AS
A MEDIA OF LEARNING TO ACCELERATE THE
Fakultas Tekn ik, Universitas Negeri Padang
4thInternational Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training
Padang : November9-11, 2017
EFFECT OF GASOLINE ADDITIVE MATERIALS
ON ENGINE PERFORMANCE
Remon Lapisa, Dwi Sudarno Putra, Ahmad Arif and
Syafmi Algifari Abda’u
Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia
ABSTRACT:The octane number is one of references is measurement of fuel quality in gasoline engines.The high octane number of fuel reduce engine knocking possibility that can improve the engine performance.One of the solutions to increase the octane number in gasoline fuels is to add additive materia ls. The additive materia ls that have been considered in the present study are ethanol, methanol and naphthalene. The type of gasoline fuel used in this study is pre miu m.This study are to determine the effect of the additive materials on pre miu m fuel to increase the octane number and power generation of motorcycles engines.This experimental studyis conducted by mixing the additive materials to pre miu mfuel with percentage ranging fro m 5% to 20%.The results indicate that the premiu m fuelmixture with 20% methanol increases the octane number fro m 88 to 117.1 and pre miu m fuel with 20% ethanolincreases octane number up to 99.6. The most optima l pre miu m fuel mixture is to 5% methanol that can increase the power generationup to 9.86%.
Keywords: Octane Number, Additive Materials, Gasoline Engine, Performance.
1. INTRODUCTION
Motorcycle is transportation that uses gasoline as fuel. The gasoline engine is one of the internal combustion engine used as a power source on a motorcycle. The gasoline engine generates power fro m the co mbustion process of fuel and air ins ide the cylinder [1]. The combustion quality of gasoline depends on the performance of the gasoline.
Gasoline fue l performance can be seen fro m the octane number [2]. The octane number indicates the ma ximu m pressure that can be applied in the engine before the gasoline combust on it is own. If the octane number of fue l is high then the effic iency or quality of fuel co mbustion will be high but if the engine fuel. The additive materials used in this study are ethanol [4], methanol, and naphthalene [5]. These additive materia ls are mixed with different levels of gasoline. This study aims to determine the effect of adding additive materia ls to the increase of octane number of gasoline fue l and engine power generated on motorcycle.
2. METHODOLOGY
This study about the effect of mixing additive materia ls ethanol, methanol, and naphthalene with gasoline fue l to octane number and power on motorcycle is an e xperiment study. This study was conducted on Honda Vario Automatic with conventional system fuel. The type of gasoline fue l used in this study is premiu m. The testing in this
study devidedinto two group that is the control group is a gasoline engine using standard premiu m fuel and the test group is a gasoline engine using addition of addit ive materia ls ethanol, methanol, and naphthalene with premiu m fue l [6]. Octane number testing mixture of additive materials with gasoline fuel was done at PT. PERTAMINA (Persero) TBBM Te luk Kabung Padang. Manufacturing and testing of sample on the object study was conducted at Draco Motor Pekanbaru. Testing of chemica l
reaction’s mixture of additive materials ethanol,
methanol, and naphthalene was done in the chemica l laboratory of Padang State University. A ll of this study process was carried out in April 2017.
2.1 Study Object
The object in this study is Honda Vario Automatic motorcycle 4 stroke 110cc in 2010 with specification in table 1.
Table 1. Engine’s specification
Specification Description
Clutch type Automatic, Centrifugal, Dry
Transmission type Automatic, Honda V - Matic
Ignition system DC – CDI
Int. J. of GEOMATE, Month, Year, Vol.00, No.00 (Sl. No. 00), pp. 00 -00
Fakultas Tekn ik, Universitas Negeri Padang
4th International Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training
Padang : November9-11, 2017
2.2 Testing Procedure
Because one of the additive materia ls is solid, so to get a balanced percentage of mixture, a ll additive materia ls and premiu m fue l we re converted into a
After all test materials we re converted into gram units, the percentage of mixing pre miu m fuel with additive materials as shown in the following table 2.
Table 2. Percentage of mixture of pre miu m fuel with additive materials accordance with the speed and load of the engine.
3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Based on all this study that has been done, then obtained the data of the result and discussion as follows.
3.1 Charac teristics and octane number of premium mixture with additive materials
The first plan of the test will be conducted 12 samples, but PT. PERTAMINA (Persero), only allo ws to test 2 samples because of the long test time
and the risk of the test equipment’s damage. The
testing was performed on 20 % ethanol mix with premiu m and 20 % methanol mix with pre miu m. The testing was done by using standard ASTM (The American Society for Testing and Material) method.
The mixed test result data of 20 % ethanol with premiu m showed that mix o f 20 % ethanol could increase the premiu m octane number fro m 88 to 99.6. The increase also occurred in reid vapor pressure up to 70 kPa which e xceeds the limit of ASTM D 323-08 method so it indicates that the fuel is easier to evaporate. However, the increase also occurred on the fuel sulfur inde x up to 0.070 % of the fuel volume. If the sulfur index is too high it indicates that the fuel is getting dirty.
The result showed that 20 % methanol mixture could increase premiu m octane number fro m 88 to 117.1. An increase also occurred in re id vapor pressure up to 71.5 kPa which e xceeds the limit of ASTM D 323-08 method so it indicates that the fuel is easier to evaporate. However, the increase also occurred on the fuel sulfur inde x up to 0.074 % of the fuel volume. If the sulfur index is too high it indicates that the fuel is getting dirty.
3.2 Power testing using standard premium fuel and premium mix with additive materials
3.2.1 Testing of ethanol mix with premium
Fro m the variation of engine speed performed, the most optima l ethanol and premiu m mixture test result occurred at 4000 rp m engine speed as shown in Fig. 1 below. show the highest and the most stable power rise and no significant power loss. Ma ximu m powe r
Testing of ethanol mix with premium at 4000 rpm
Int. J. of GEOMATE, Month, Year, Vol.00, No.00 (Sl. No. 00), pp. 00 -00
Fakultas Tekn ik, Universitas Negeri Padang
4th International Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training
Padang : November9-11, 2017
while the pre miu m produces power of 7.1 Hp. So it can be seen the increase in power between 5 % ethanol with premium is 0.5 Hp.
3.2.2 Testing of methanol mix with premium
Fro m the variation of engine speed performed, the most optima l methanol and pre miu m mixture test result occurred at 3000 rp m engine speed as shown in Fig. 2 below.
Fig. 2. Graph the testing of methanol mix with premium at 3000 rpm show the highest and the most stable power rise due and no significant power loss. Maximu m power generated by 5 % methanol with pre miu m is 7.8 Hp while the pre miu m produces power of 7. 1 Hp. So it can be seen the increase in power between 5 % methanol with premium is 0.7 Hp.
3.2.3 Testing of Naphthalene mix with premium
Fro m the variation of engine speed performed, the most optimal naphthalene and premiu m mixture test result occurred at 3000 rp m engine speed as shown in Fig. 3 below.
Fig. 3. Graph the testing of naphthalene mix with premium at 3000 rpm
Based on the data and graph in Fig. 3, it is known that the optimu m power is generated by 10 % naphthalene mix with pre miu m at 3000 rp m engine speed at each engine load. Graph and power test result fro m 10 % naphthalene mixture with pre miu m show the highest and the mos t stable power rise there is significant loss in power at the highest rpm. Maximu m powe r generated by 10 % naphthalene with pre miu m is 7.6 Hp while the pre miu m produces power of 7.1 Hp. So it can be seen the increase in power between 10 % naphthalene with pre miu m is 0.5 Hp.
3.2.4 Percentage power of pre mium with additive
materials and standard premium
Percentage of power generated by mixture of premiu m fue l with some additive materials can be seen in table 3 below.
Table 3. Percentage of power test result
M ixed Level
Ethanol M ethanol Naphthalene
Δ Hp % Δ Hp % Δ Hp %
5 % 0.5 7.04 0.7 9.86 0.3 4.23
10 % 0.6 8.86 0.8 11.27 0.5 7.04
15 % 0.3 4.23 0.6 8.85 0.2 2.82
20 % 0.1 1.41 - - 0.4 5.64
Fro m percentage table above, it indicates a large increase in powe r is 10 % methanol mixture with a power increase percentage up to 11.27 %. However, the data and graph of 10 % methanol have a large
Testing of methanol mix with premium at 3000 rpm
Testing of naphthalene mix with premium at 3000 rpm
Int. J. of GEOMATE, Month, Year, Vol.00, No.00 (Sl. No. 00), pp. 00 -00
Fakultas Tekn ik, Universitas Negeri Padang
4th International Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training
Padang : November9-11, 2017
can be analyzed that the mixture of pre miu m with methanol 5 % shows a large and optimu m powe r increase, because the test result data of methanol 5 % show the mos t stable data and graph and no significant power loss at the ma ximu m load. The mixtu re of pre miu m with 5 % methanol can increase power by 9.86 % over pre miu m. It can be concluded that the mixture of pre miu m with 5 % methanol is suitable for engine with compression ratio 10.7: 1.
4. CONCLUSION
Based on the result of data analysis and research that has been done, it can be concluded that mixing of additive materia ls ethanol dan methanol with premiu m gasoline fuel can increase octane number. The most optimu m increase of octane nu mber generated in the mixtu re of 20 % methanol with premiu m that is fro m 88 up to 117.1. While the most optimu m power generated in the mixture o f 5 % methanol with pre miu m is power increase up to 9.86 %. So it is found that the mixture of pre miu m with 5% methanol is suitable for engine with co mpression ratio 10.7: 1.
5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to thank to the chairman and team me mbers and all those who have worked together to comp lete a ll of this research activ ity so it can be done well.
6. REFERENCES
[1]H.Maksu m, Motor Ba kar, Padang: UNP Press,
2012.
[2]S. U.Handayani, “Pe manfaatan Bio Ethanol
Sebagai Bahan Ba kar Pengganti
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[3]B. A rends, Motor Bensin, Ja karta: Rineka Cipta,
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[4]R. Lapisa, “Desain dan Ka jian Simu latif Heat
Exchanger Berprofil ‘Spiral Tube In Pipe’sebagai Pemindah Panas Antara Ethanol
dan Air,”SAINTEK, Vo l. XII, No. 1, Sept. 2009,
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[5]R. Tirtoatmod jo, “Pengaruh Naphtalene
Terhadap Perubahan Angka Oktan Bensin Unju k
Kerja Motor dan Gas Buangnya,” Universitas
Kristen Petra, 2000.
[6]A. Arif, “Ka rakterisasi Performa Mesin Diesel Dual Fuel Tipe LPIG dengan Pengaturan Start of
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