PENGUJIAN SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) SEBAGAI OBAT LUKA BAKAR
Abstrak
Daun kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) mengandung alkaloid yang memiliki kemampuan sebagai antibakteri, flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas astringen dan saponin yang dapat memacu pembentukan kolagen yang berperan dalam proses penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas sediaan gel ekstrak etanol daun kelapa sawit terhadap penyembuhan luka bakar.
Serbuk daun kelapa sawit diekstraksi dengan pelarut etanol 80% secara maserasi selama 5 hari, diserkai, ampasnya dicuci dengan etanol. Filtrat didiamkan selama 2 hari kemudian dienap tuangkan. Maserat yang diperoleh diuapkan dengan bantuan rotary evaporator (±500C) dan di freeze dryer (-40oC). Serbuk simplisia dan ekstrak etanol daun kelapa sawit (EEDKS) dikarakterisasi dan diformulasi menjadi sediaan gel berbasis HPMC dengan konsentrasi 2,5, 5, dan 7,5%. Selanjutnya diuji efektivitasnya terhadap kelinci yang dibuat luka bakar (diameter 2,2 cm) dengan pengolesan sediaan gel EEDKS satu kali sehari dimulai dari hari ke-0 sampai luka bakar sembuh, sebagai pembanding digunakan bioplacenton, kemudian sediaan gel diuji stabilitasnya.
Hasil karakterisasi serbuk simplisia dan EEKDS masing-masing diperoleh kadar air (6,64% dan 2,65%), kadar sari larut air (13,49% dan 19,57%), kadar sari larut etanol (16,98% dan 43,88%), kadar abu total (3,75% dan 2,43%) dan kadar abu yang tidak larut asam (0,78% dan 0,24%). Hasil pemeriksaan sediaan gel EEDKS mampu menyembuhkan luka bakar dengan konsentrasi 7,5% (18 hari), 5% (20 hari), 2,5% (21 hari). Konsentrasi yang paling efektif adalah 7,5% memberikan hasil yang signifikan dengan bioplacenton (18 hari). Hasil uji stabilitas gel EEDKS stabil selama 28 hari penyimpanan, hasil sediaan gel homogen, dengan nilai pH 6,6-6,9, nilai viskositas basis gel (3500cps), gel EEDKS 2,5% (3200cps), gel EEDKS 5% (3000cps), gel EEDKS 7,5% (2800cps).
Kata kunci : ekstrak etanol daun kelapa sawit, gel, luka bakar.
EFFECTIVENESS TEST THE ETHANOL EXTRACT GEL OF OIL PALM LEAF (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) FOR BURNS HEALING
Abstract
Leaves of palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Contain alkaloids that have the ability as an antibacterial, astringent activity of flavonoids and saponins that can stimulate the formation of collagen, which plays a role in wound healing process and. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of the ethanol extract gel palm leaves for the healing of burns.
Palm’ leaf powder macerated by ethanol 80% for 5 days, filtered, the residue has extraction by ethanol, then the filtrate leave for 2 day and poured ponder. The maserat has evaporated by using rotary evaporator (±500C) and dried by freeze dryer (±-40oC). Simplicia powder and ethanol extract of palm’s leaf have executed in characteristic and then has formulated to gel preparations that have HPMC for the basic with its concentration 2.2, 5, and 7.5%. Subsequently, gel preparations tested its effectiveness on the backs of rabbit made burns with a diameter 2.2 cm by measuring diameter and applying ethanol extract gel of oil palm leaf once a day starting from 0 day until the burns healed, then gel preparations tested his stability which include examining homogenity, pH and viscosity.
The result from characteristic simplicia powder and extract respectively have obtained by water level (6.64% and 2.65%), water soluble extract (13,49% and 19.57%), ethanol soluble extract level (16.98% and 43.88%), total ash content (3.75% and 2.43%), and ash level which insoluble in acid (0.78% and 0.24%). The results of examination have significant correlation to healing the wound with each concentration 7.5% (18 days), 5.0% (20 days), 2.5% (21 days), the most effective concentration is 7.5% which can provide significant results with Bioplacenton as a
comparison (18 days). Results of stability test of ethanol extract of oil palm’s leaf is
stable in storage for 28 days. Homogenity examination of gel preparation have showed homogenous, the pH value of gel preparation is 6.6-6.9, viscosity value of basic gel is 3500 sentipoise, 3200 sentipoise for gel 2.5% , 3000 sentipoise for gel 5%, and 2800 sentipoise for gel 7.5%.
Keywords: palm leaf ethanol extract, gel, burns.
