145 Kenyataan bahwa penduduk yang non-Muslim biasanya bersedia menerima persyaratan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa bagi kalangan adat persoalan yang ada dilihat lebih sebagai masalah adat murni dan bukan masalah agama. 146 Hasanuddin,Al-Jam’iyatul Washliyah,hal. 150. Lihat juga artikel
berjudul “Nasib oemmat Islam di Bataklanden, Diminta Perhatian Pemerintah dan Wakil2 Kita di Volksraad,” dalam
Dewan Islamno. 44 (Agustus 1938).
VIII
E P I L O G
Bab-bab terdahulu telah menguraikan secara garis
besar perkembangan Islam dalam kancah modernisasi
dengan tiga fokus utama:
pertama,
tokoh-tokoh yang menjadi
motor proses pembaharuan dalam Islam;
kedua,
gagasan-gagasan induk yang berkembang seputar permasalahan inti
umat Islam yang mengharuskan adanya pembaharuan serta
gagasan tentang solusi yang dapat ditempuh; dan
ketiga,
gerakan yang muncul sebagai realisasi dari gagasan tertentu
dan gambaran keberhasilan tokoh tertentu dalam
meng-upayakan pembaharuan tersebut.
Oleh karena alasan di atas maka para pembaca
disarankan untuk melengkapi apa yang sudah tersaji dengan
bacaan lain yang memberikan informasi tentang tokoh-tokoh
lain yang tidak tercakup di sini. Sejumlah besar tokoh baru
telah lahir dan kemudian memberikan sumbangan
pemikiran dan upaya bagi melanjutkan modernisasi yang
dimulai oleh para pendahulunya.
Di antara nama-nama yang signifikan adalah Thaha
Husain, Hasan Turabi, Ayatullah Khumayni, Hasan Hanafi,
Muhammad Arkoun, Muhammad Quthb, Muammar
Khadafi, Ali Syari’ati, Seyyed Hossein Nasr, A’isyah Bint
al-Syathi’, Fatima Mernissi, Bassam Tibi, Isma’il al-Faruqi,
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Fazlur Rahman, Ziauddin Sardar,
Mumammad Abdus Salam, Muhammad Naquib al-Attas,
M. Natsir, Sukarno, Hamka, M. Rasyidi, Harun Nasution,
Nurcholish Madjid, B.J. Habibi, Abdurrahman Wahid, Amin
Rais.
Kesemua tokoh ini penting dipelajari karena:
Pertama,
mereka jelas mewarisi semangat modernisasi dari para
pen-dahulunya.
Kedua,
pemikiran mereka jelas lebih
kontem-porer dan terkait secara lebih langsung dengan berbagai
permasalahan umat Islam kini. Galaksi pemikiran
tokoh-tokoh ini memberi kita tidak saja tafsir kontemporer terhadap
pesan modernisme, tetapi juga sejumlah ide baru yang tidak
dikenal sebelumnya.
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INDEKS
A
‘adalah, 98
Abbasiyah, 12, 15, 22, 23, 24, 52, 155, 159
Abd al-Malik, 17
Abdullah Ahmad, 188, 189 Abdullah Karim Amarullah,
188
Abdulwahab Hasbullah, K.H., 224
Abdur Rahman Badawi, 21 Abdur Rahman Syihab, 242 Abdur Rahman Wahid, 262 Abu Bakr, 12, 14
Abu Daud, 14 Abu Hanifah, 15
Abu Yazid al-Bisthami, 16 Abu Kalam Azad, 160, 161,
162
Abul A’la al-Maududi, 167, 169, 170
Absolutisme, 63, 112, 120 Abdul Hamid II, 117, 119, 122 Abdullah Ahmad, 190, 191 Abdul Jalil, 242
Abdul Wahab, 242
Abdul wahid Hasyim, K.H, 229
Abd al-Shamad Palembang, 180
Abd Ra’up Singkel, 180 Abdurrahman Wahid, 232 Abdurrahman Syihab, 236,
242
Aceh, 179, 181, 233, 234, 249
Adat, 182, 183, 184, 185, 187,188,189, 194, 211, 218, 247
Adaptasionis, 119 Afganistan, 62,147
Afrika Timur, 27 : Utara, 127 Aghlabi, 12
Agam, 185 Ahl al-hadits, 36
Ahl al-sunnah wal-jamaah, 36 Ahmad Barelwi, 144, 145 Ahmad b. Hanbal, 15, 20 Ahmad Dahlan, K.H, 212, 214,
221, 236
Ahmad Syafi’i Ma’arif, 1, 4 Ahmad Khan, 148, 149, 150,
151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 161
Ahmad Sorkati, 198, 199, 200, ,202, 236
Ahmad Hassan, 203, 204, 208, 210
Ahmadiyah Qadiyan, 209 Ahmed Riza, 122
Ahmed Niyazi, 122 Aisyiah, 221
Aisyah Bint al-Syati, 262 Akora, 144
Akidah, 225, 228 Akademi Bank, 230
Allamah Muhammad Syibli Nu’mani, 154
Altaf Husain Hali, 154 Aligarh, 150, 154, 155, 161 Aligarh Muslim University,
150
Ali Syari’ati, 262 Alwi Shihab, 215 Alawiyah, 200 Al-Ahram, 72
Al-Urwah al-Wusqa, 72, 81, 214, 215
al-Afghani, 63, 71, 72, 82, 89,148, 161
al- Balagah,160 al-Dihlawi, 156, 163
Al-Azhar, 52, 58, 59, 63, 71,72, 74, 78, 79, 80, 85, 235, 241 Albania, 123
al-Bukhari, 14, 39 al-Dhakhirah, 199 Aleksandria, 53, 54,195 al-Farabi, 16, 20 al-Fatawa, 207
al-Ghazali, 15, 20, 21, 37, 80, 84
Al-Hizb al-Wathany, 63 Al –Hasyimi, 196 Al- Hilal, 160
Al-Isyarat, 71
Al-Irsyad, 197, 198, 200, 201, 202, 203, 225, 236 Al-Iman, 189, 190, 204 Al-Ittihad, 190 al-Jabarti, 54, 55 al-Jahiz, 17 al-Jami’iyah,169
al-Jam’itul Washliyah, 232, 233, 234, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249
Armenia, 50, 127 Aristoteles, 16 As-Sunnah, 215 Asadabad, 62
Asia Tengah, 27, 50, 102, 109,111, 127, 147 Asia Tenggara, 178
A Short History of the Saracens, 157
Asy’ari, 15, 159 Ateis, 209 Austria, 57, 124 Aurangabad, 169 Ayat Tuhan di alam, 18 Ayatullah Khumayni, 262 Al-Ahram, 72
Akal, 77
Al-Manar, 81, 85, 192, 203, 204, 214, 215
Al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun, 87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 91 Al-Banna, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91,
93, 94, 105
Abul A’la al-Mawdudi, 94 Al-‘Adalah al-Ijtima’iyah fi
al-Islam, 95 Asyut, 92
Amerika Serikat,93, 95, Azyumardi Azra, 101,180,
187
Albert Hourani, 102 Ahmed Cevded Pasya, 116
B
Bagdad, 23
Baharuddin Ali, 242 Balkan, 24, 109
Bandung, 202, 203, 204, 211 Bangil, 211
al-khulafa’ al-rasyidun,12, 83, 131, 144,167, 172, al-Khawarizmi, 16 al-Kindi, 16 al- Lisan, 207, 209 al-Ma’arri, 17
al- Madrasah al-Diniyah, 192 al-Majriti, 16
Al-Mursyid al-Amin lil-Banat wal-Banin, 60
al-Musta’shim, 23 al-Mutanabi, 17, 25 al –Munir, 191, 203, 204 al- Nadwa, 160
Al Qanun fi al-Thibb, 21 al-Suyuthi, 34
al-rasyidun,42, 165 al-Razy, 16, 20 al-Syafi’i, 25
al-Tahtawi, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 72,
al-Taqwa, 207
al-ummah al-islamiyah,56
al-ummah al-mishriyyah, 56
Al-Waqa’i al-Mishriyyah, 59, 72 Ali Usman, 242
Amin Rais, 224, 262 Amir, 172
Amir Ali, 157, 158, 159 Ambon, 178
Anatolia, 24, 125, 127, 128 Ankara, 129
Arab, 55, 58, 59, 61, 71, 75, 81, 91, 93, 95, 113, 123, 124, 126, 127, 131, 134, 136, 154, 191, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 203, 206, 207, 214, 224, 234 Arabia, 2, 46, 47, 147, 183,195
Bangilan, 228 Barumun, 186 Barzanji, 230
Barat, 28, 51, 53, 56, 57, 82, 87, 88, 89, 93, 94, 95, 111, 115, 119, 125, 126, 129,132, 133, 135, 148, 149, 150, 154, 155, 160, 162, 164, 170, 171, 172,
Bassam Tibi, 262 Batavia, 178, 248
Batak, 186, 244 : Karo, 241 : Toba, 234, 241, 246 Bay’ah, 119,120 Beirut, 72, 194 Beasiswa, 237
Belanda, 26, 27,178 179, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 194, 196, 204, 206, 209, 213, 213, 217, 218, 221, 228, 229, 230, 233, 234, 240, 245, 248
Bengal, 27 Berita NU, 230 Bernard Lewis, 105 Bilah, 186
Bid’ah, 142, 143, 144, 190, 209 B.J. Habibi, 262
Bombai, 62,142, 166 Bonjol, 185
Budi Utomo, 214 Bukit Barisan, 186
Bukit Tinggi, 188, 189, 240 Brahmah Hindu, 153 Bruinessen, 243 Bybel, 247
C
California, 93
Choudhury, G.W, 101 Cina, 194, 233, 234, 244 Condillac, 59
Cultuur, 208
D
Dakwah, 237
Dar al-‘ulum, 71, 86, 93 Dar al-harb, 143, 144 Dar al-Islam, 143, 144 Datuk Bendahara, 185 Dawam Rahardjo, 226 Debating Club, 235, 236 Demokrasi, 9, 165 Demokratisasi, 26 Delhi, 24
Deli, 234
Deoband, 146, 147, 148,167 Departemen Agama, 229 Determinisme, 159
Dewan Islam, 241, 246, 247 Dewan Nasional,165
dhanni,5 : dalil-dalil, 6 Dinamisme, 6, 22, 39, 96, 159,
163, 165
Dinasti Gaznawi, 141 Dinasti Ghuri,141 Dinasti Sa’udiyah, 48 Dinasti Saljuk Turki, 23 Diniyah, 240 : Putra, 193 Dualisme, 78, 131 Dunia Arab, 24, 161 Duta, 230
E
East India Company, 142 Egalitarianisme, 119 Emansipasi, 61
Gerakan Hilafah, 161, 170 Gerakan Mujahidin,144, 145 Gerakan Padri, 182, 187 Gereja, 245, 248
Ghazwani, 12 Ghuri, 12 Gibbon, 156 Gizot, 71 Gurun Nejd, 47
H
Hadits, 13, 14, 33, 38, 46, 47, 52,147, 159, 191, 198, 227 : mutawatir yangqath’iy al-dalalah, 5
Hadji Zamzam, 202, 210 Haji, 183, 202, 215 Haji Miskin, 183, 184 Haji Sumanik, 183 Haji Piobang, 183 Haji Rasul, 191 Haji Ilyas, 242 Haji A. Malik, 242 Haji Dahlan, 242 Hali, 156
Hamadan, 62 Hambali, 84
Hamzah pansuri, 180 Hapsburgh, 26
Haramayn, 46, 47, 48, 101 Harun Nasution, 6, 56,
101,262 Hasafiyah, 86 Hasan al-‘Attar, 59 Hasan al-Banna, 85 Hasan Hanapi, 262 Hasan Turabi, 262 Hasyim Asy’ari, K.H, 224,
228, 236 Enveri Bey, 121
Eropa, 27, 50, 53, 54, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 71, 72,72, 74, 75, 86, 107, 110, 109, 108, 113, 114, 115, 116, 118, 119, 127 123,133, 134, 141, 142, 148, 156, 163, 166, 169, 184, 194, 218 : Barat, 26: Timur, 24, 26, 50, 102, 110,
Esposito, Jhon L, 102
F
Fada’iyan-i Islam, 92 Fakultas Usuluddin, 241 Fanatisme, 6
Faqih, 169 Fatalisme, 73, 159 Fathimi, 12
Fatima Marnissi, 261
Fatwa, 73, 143, 200, 222, 223, 237, 238, 242
Fazlur Rahman, 80, 104, 262 Fi Dhilal al-Qur’an, 92, 93 fiderfiel, 205
fikiran Rakyat, 209 Filsafat, 16, 17, 63, 71, 147,
159, 162
Fiqh, 15, 37, 147, 168, 192, 201 Freemasonry, 216, 217 fundamentalis,119
furicication,3
G
Galen, 16
Gamal Abdul Naser, 93 Gandi, 208
Gerakan Aligarh, 152, 153, 154
Hatt-I Humayun, 113 Hatt-I Seyrif Gulhane, 113 Hazanatul Islamiyah, 244 Hijaz, 2, 215
Hijrah, 11,12, 99, 141
Hindu, 141, 142, 145, 149, 152, 156, 157, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 170, 216
Hindu Belanda, 219 Hindu Mataram, 213 HIS,204
Hongaria, 124 Hossein Nasr, 13 Hourani, 61
Hukum, 80, 162, 165, 168, 201 Hulagu Khan, 23
Humanisme, 118, 119 : Barat, 122
Humayun, 116 Hyderabad, 169
I
IAIN, 201 Ibadah haji, 182 Ibn ‘Abbas, 14,143 Ibn ‘Arabi, 20 Ibn al-Qayyum, 191 Ibn al-Arabi, 143 Ibn Jarir al-Thabari, 14 Ibn Khaldun, 22, 25, 71, 78 Ibn Miskawayh, 71 Ibn Muqaffa’, 17 Ibn Rusyd, 16 Ibn Sa’ud, 48
Ibn Sina, 16, 21, 25, 71 Ibn Taymiyah, 25, 37, 38, 42,
49, 81
Ibrahim Syinasi,118 Idealisme, 164,165, 167 Ideology, 168
Idrisi, 12 Ijabiyah, 97
Ijtihad, 4, 18, 19, 39, 40, 47, 49, 60, 77, 82, 165, 215, 225 Ilya’ulum al-Din, 80
Imamah, 144 Imam, 172
India, 12, 24, 27, 52, 62, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149, 150, 151, 152, 156, 157, 160, 161, 162, 163, 166, 167, 168, 170, 202, 208, 234
Indian Nasional Congress,153 India Tengah, 169
Indonesia, 27, 52, 178, 179, 180, 181, 183, 187, 188, 189, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 202, 203, 206,209, 212, 213, 215, 218, 221, 222, 226, 229, 231, 233, 243
Industrialisasi, 26
Inggris, 26, 27, 54, 57, 62, 63, 85, 93, 94, 95, 124,125, 127, 141,142,143, 144, 145, 146,147, 148, 149, 150, 151,152, 153,156, 157, 160, 181 ,185, 196 Institut d’Egypte, 55, 59 Intelektualisme, 13, 25, 79,
214: muslim, 21 : muslim klasik, 22
Inovasi, 147, 205, 244 Irak, 91
Iran, 12, 92
Jam’iyyat Ulama-i Hindu, 169 Jami’at Khair, 194, 195, 196,
197, 198, 200, 214 Jam’iyah, 225
Jam’iyah diniyah, 227, 234 Jawi, 207
Jawa, 178, 179, 200, 211, 213, 221, 225, 233, 234 Jawa Timur, 211, 227 Jawa Tengah, 213, 216 Jawa Barat, 202, 207 Jazirah Arab, 46, 48, 50 Jesus, 210
Jerman, 127, 161 Jepang, 220, 228 Jilani, 16
Jihad, 83, 99, 143, 146
John Obert Voll, 101 Jubba’i, 15
Jong, 204 Junayd, 16
Jurnal, 81, 150, 214
Jurnalisme, 169
K
Kafa’ah, 200
Kairo, 52, 54, 62, 72, 81, 88, 93, 188, 190, 195, 235, 241
kalam, 15 Kalimantan, 227 Kalkutta, 142, 160 Kaukasus, 50
Kaum Padri, 181, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 186 Kaum adat, 189 Kaum Tua, 189, 203 Kaum Muda, 188, 189, 203 Karbala, 62
Karo, 233, 234, 247 Ishlah, 34 113, 121, 123, 126, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 152, 156, 157,160, 161, 162,163,166, 158, 159, 161, 162, 164, 165, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 187, 190, 191,193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 199, 201, 204, 205, 206, 268, 209, 213, 219, 220, 222, 228, 230, 234, 243, 244, 245, 247, 249,
Islam dan Nasionalisme, 208 Islamisasi, 244
Islamiten Bond, 204 Istanbul, 46, 50, 56, 62, 81,
107,109, 111, 126, 127, 128, 129, 195
Ismail Banda, 241 Ismail al-Faruqi, 262 Ismailiyah, 85, 86 Issa J. Boullata, 105 Italia, 26, 27, 124, 127
Ittihad ve Terekki, 122
J
Jahiliyah , 95, 99 : moderen, 98,
Jakarta, 195, 196, 204 Jama’ah, 99,
Jamaat-i Islam, 169, 171 Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, 62
Kasidahan, 230 Kapitalisme, 94 Keats, 156
Kebebasan akademis, 19 Kerajaan Banten, 178 Kerajaan Islam Aceh, 178 Kerajaan Johor, 178
Kerajaan Mughal, 141, 142, 144
Kerajaan Munghal, 180 Kerajaan Usmani, 82, 101, 102,
108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 122, 123, 124, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129. 130,132, 134, 135, 180 Kesultanan Delhi, 141 Khalifah: 82, 84, 85, 128,
130,131, 161, 165, 171 : Abbasiyah, 23: al-Manshur, 16: al-Ma’mun, 16
Khangah, 133 Khawarij, 36
Khurshid Ahmad, 27
Khilafiyah, 90, 199, 223, 225
Khilafah,82, 131
Khurafat,90, 142, 143, 209 Kiai, 225, 226, 227, 228 Kitab kuning, 205
Kolonoialisme, 25, 27, 28, 29, 45, 87, 143, 170, 178, 179, 228, 206: Barat, 41, 86 Komunisme, 94, 192, 203 Komite Khilafat, 225 Komite Persatuan dan
Kota Tua, 182
Kristen, 74, 99, 109, 123, 126,186, 209, 210, 213, 216, 217, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249
Kurdi, 127
L
La Decade egyptienne, 55 Laut Tengah, 26, 53, 127 Laut Merah, 27
Latin. 55, 134, 207, 229
Lajnah Waqfiyah, 228 Lapidus, 179, 194
Le Courrier d’Egypte, 55 Lembah Rao, 186 Libanon, 91 Libia, 91
Liberalisme, 118, 119, 122 Liga Muslim, 152, 164, 166,
167, 170
Liberalisme, 158, 159 Lubuk Sikaping, 186 Lucknow, 155, 160 Logika, 147 London, 166
M
M. Arsjad thalib Lubis, 236, 239, 242, 247
Mabadi’ al-irsyad, 199 Macedonia, 124 Madras, 142
Madinah, 11, 12, 46, 47,162, 183
Madrasah, 51, 133, 136, 147, 148, 229, 247
Madrasah Dar al-ulum, 146 Madrasah deoband, 147, 151
Mahbud Djunaidi, 232 Materialisme, 87, 88 Mataram, 178, 179, 216
Ma’alim Fi al-Thariq, 94, 95 Martapura, 227
Marokko, 196 Mas Mansur, 224 Masyarakat, 230 Masyumi, 230, 231
Masjidil al-Haram, 188
Mekteb-i Ma’arif, 113
Mekteb-i Ulum-u Edebiye, 113 Mehmed Sadik Rif’at Pasya,
115 Mejelle, 116
Medan, 232, 234, 238, 239, 240 Medan Islam, 241
Medan Kristen, 247
Mesir, 24, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 72,73, 74, 85, 86, 87, 91, 92, 94, 93,101, 111, 113, 127, 196, 202
Mesjid, 246
Melayu, 187, 196, , 207, 228, 234
Metafisika, 162
M. Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy, 202 MIAI, 230, 234
Mihdad Pasya, 118, 119 Milton, 156
Minang, 234
Minang kabau, 179, 181, 182, 183, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 192, 193, 194, 204, 212, 221, 233 Minoritas, 246 MIT, 224, 234, 235 Missionaries, 245 Mahfudz Siddiq, K.H, 228
Makkah, 11, 46, 47, 62, 99, 160, 162, 188, 189, 190, 196, 202, 212
Makassar, 179 Maktab, 234
Maktab Islamiyah, 234
Maktab Djam’iatoel Washliah, 238
Malaka, 27, 179 Maluku, 179 Malaysia, 27
Majalah, 81, 82, 160, 189, 190, 191, 195, 198, 207, 241 Malang, 227
Malik b. Anas, 15
Mamluk, 24, 50, 53, 55, 56, 57, 61, 63, 101,
Manshur al-Hallaj, 16 Mazhab, 39, 143, 188, 225,
242, 243, 248 Majapahit, 178 Majelis, 237, 243 Majelis Fatwa, 238, 242 Majlis Hazanatul Islamiyah,
238
Majelis Nasional Agung, 129, 130, 131, 132
Majelis Penerbitan, 241 Majlis Studies Fonds, 240 Majelis Tarbiyah, 238 Majlis Tarjih, 222, 223 Maulvi Wilayat Ali, 145 Maulvi Inayat Ali, 145 Maulvi Abd Allah, 145 Maulana Abul kalam
Azad,155
MAOC, 151, 152, 153, 154 Mahmudiyah, 85
Mobilitas intelektual, 22 Modernisasi, 1, 73, 80, 196,
225
Modernis, 171, 200, 224 Mohammad Natsir, 203, 204,
208, 210, 262 Mongol, 23 Montesquieu,59 Muammar Khadafi, 262
Mu’allafat al-Ghazali, 21 MULO, 204
Munich, 162
Muslim Educational Conference, 151
Muqaddimah, 71, 78, 79
Mu’tazilah, 36
Muhammad, 11, 13, 209, 210, 218
Muhammad II, 112
Muhammadan Anglo Oriental Collage, 150
Muhammad Educational Conference, 152 Muhammadiyah, 200, 212,
214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225, 226, 230, 232, 233, 236, 245, 248
Muhammad Abduh, 63, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 89,148, 161, 192, 196, 198, 201, 215
Muhammad Abdussalam,262 Muhammad Abu fadl
Muhammad al-Anbabi, 78 Muhammad Ali, 57, 58, 59, 73,
113
Muhammad Ali Pasya, 51, 56, 111
Muhammad Ali Jinnah, 162, 166, 167, 169
Muhammad Arkoun, 262 Muhammad Asad, 94 Muhammad b. ‘Abd
al-Wahhab, 37, 42, 47, 48, 49, 183
Muhammad b. Sa’ud, 47 Muhammad Ilyas, K.H, 229 Muhammad Iqbal, 162, 163,
164, 166
Muhammad Ismail Lubis, 242 Muhammad Noor al- Ansari,
195
Muhammad Nuquid Al-Attas, 262
Muhammad Quthb, 106, 262 Muhammad Syarif, 242 Muhammad Yunus, 202, 203 Muhammad Zu-ul-haq, 262 Muhsin al-Mulk, 152, 153
Mujtahid, 84 Mukti Ali, 161
Munazarah, 20, 21
Musaddas, 154 Masawah, 200
Muslim, 39, 123, 145, 169 Muslim b. al-Hajjaj, 14 Mustafa Rasyid Pasya,
115,118
Mustafa Kemal, 122,126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136
Mutasyabih,77
Padang Panjang, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193
Pak-Pak, 234
Pakistan, 162, 164, 167, 168, 169, 170
Palembang, 179, 231 Palestina, 91, 95
Pan Islamisme, 117, 148, 161, 163, 164
Parbegu, 244 Pariaman, 186 Paris, 59,72, 119
Partai Kongres, 161, 170 Partai Kongres India, 166 Partai Persatuan
Pembagunan, 231 Pasaman, 186
Patriotisme, 60
Pedoman Masyarakat, 245 Pekalongan, 201
Pembela Islam, 204, 205, 209 Pemurnian, 3, 216
Penafsiran, 120
Pendidikan, 227, 228, 229, 234, 235, 240, 243, Wanita : 193
Penerbitan, 221, 240 Penerjemahan, 58, 150 Penolong kesehatan, 222 Perang Dunia II, 95 Perang Jawa, 185
Perjanjian Lausanne, 130 Persatuan Islam, 203 Persia, 24, 62, 123, 126, 134,
137, 154, 156, 159, 162 Persis, 200, 205, 206, 207, 208,
209, 210, 211, 212
Pesanteren, 205, 211, 213, 225, 227, 228, 230, 231
M. Rasyidi, 202, 262
N
Nabi, 76, 144, 172, 209 Nadwatul Ulama, 155, 160 Najf, 62
Namik Kemal, 118 Napoleon, 54, 55, 56:
Bonaparte, 53 Naqsyabandiyah, 80, 181 Nasionalisme, 124, 126, 127,
128, 131, 132, 133, 161, 163, 164, 167, 170, 187, 206, 208
Nikkie R. Keddie, 102 Nizam-I Jedid, 109, 110, Normal School, 240
NU, 225, 226, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 236 Nukman Sulaiman, 239 Nuraqi Pasya, 91 Nurcholis Madjid, 262 Nusantara, 180, 181, 182, 187,
188, 204
O
Orde Baru, 231 Orde lama, 231 Ordonansi Guru, 217
P
Padang, 184, 190, 204
Pesanteren Tebuireng, 229, 234
Petisah, 238
Piagam Gulhane, 114, 116, 124 Porsea, 240, 246
Portugis, 26, 27, 178, 179 Populisme, 132
Prancis, 26, 27, 53, 54, 57, 61, 71, 75, 115, 119, 124, 125, 127: Revolusi, 25, 55, 59 Priyai, 216
Q
Qadi, 242
Qadariyah, 159, 181 Qaha, 92
Qasim Amin, 61
qath’iy, 5 149, 157, 159, 190, 191, 196, 199, 201, 205, 210, 215, 227
R
Rabbaniyah, 96
Raffles, Thomas Stamford, 184 Rahmah al-Yunusiyah, 193 Rasionalisme, 6, 74, 149, 157,
159, 161
Rasul, 12, 14, 33, 42, 83, 85, 98, 99, 162, 163, 206
Rasyid Ridha, 75, 80, 82, 83, 84, 89, 192
Rasyid Pasya, 116
Raudhatul Mu’allimin, 241
Rawdhah al-Madaris, 59 Reformasi, 78, 80, 156,
187,188, 189, 225, 228 Reformis, 61, 82, 190, 240 Reformisme, 133,181 Renaisans, 25
Republik Turki, 130, 133 Revivalis, 119
Revivalisasi, 168
Revivalisme, 161, 181, 214 Revolusi industri, 25 Riau, 181
Richard P. Mitchel, 105
Rihlah ‘Ilmiyyah, 22
Risalat al-Tawhid, 72 Romawi, 16
Rousseau, 59 Rotterdam,204
Rusia, 27, 110, 111, 124,127
S
Sa’d Zaghlul, 63 Sadrazam, 112
sopotrisno, 222 Soviet, 95
Stdies fonds, 237
Steenbrink, 181, 229, 233, 237, 244
Sual-Djawab, 208 Sudan,196
Sultan Salim III, 109,110, 111 Sultan Salim II, 111
Sultan Mahmud II, 112, 113, 114
Sultan Abd al-Majid, 114 Sultan Murad V, 116, 119 Sultan Abd al-Aziz, 119 Sultan Abd al-hamid II, 124 Sulaiman, 242
Sulaiman Nadwi, 155 Suluh Indonesia Muda, 209 Sumatera, 181
Sumatera Thawalib, 191, 192, 193
Sumatera Barat, 181, 234, 240, 243
Sumatera Timur, 233, 234, 244, 245, 248
Sumatera Utara, 181 Sunda, 207, 234 Sungai Rokan, 188
Sunnah, 77, 83, 84, 89, 144, 149, 158, 197, 199, 201, 205
sunnatullah, 149
Surabaya, 203, 224, 225, 228 Surakarta, 220
Surat, 142 Surau, 182, 192
Surau Jembatan besi, 191 Samudra: Hindia, 26, 27:
Altantik, 26 Santri, 215
Sarikat Islam, 203, 214, 232 Saudi Arabia, 48, 91 Sayyid Ahmad Khan, 148 Sayyid Amir Ali, 156 Sayyed Hossein Nasr, 105,
262
Sayyid Quthb, 92, 94, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 106
Sayyid, 196, 200, 208 Syaikh Muhammad Jamil
Jambek, 188
Syaikh Muhammad Thaib, 196
Syaikh Ibrahim Musa Parabek, 192, 193
Sayyid Mahdi Ali, 152 Sekularisasi, 27, 74, 87,132,
133, 134,136 Sekutu, 128, 129 Sekuler, 171
Sekuralisme, 88, 126 Semarang, 230 Sentralisme, 239
Sekolah Adabiyah, 190, 191, 240
Scientific Society,153 Shakes Peare, 156 Shelley, 156 Shuailuddin,242 Sialkot, 162 Sikh, 142, 144
Singapura, 189, 190, 203, 204 Singosari, 228
Syamsuddin Pasai, 180 Syari’ah, 120, 164,165, 167,
168, 171, 205
Syah Abd al-Aziz, 143, 144
syaif, 46
Syaikh Ja’far Subhani, 101 Syah wali Allah al-Dihlawi,
142
Syah Wali Allah, 143, 144 Syaikh al-Islam, 112, 113 Syaikh Ahmad Khatib, 188,
212
Syaikh Muhammad Abd al-Hamid, 196
Syaikh Taher Jalaluddin, 189, 190
Syarh, 79
Syattariah, 181, 182
Syekh Haji Ja’far Hasan, 242 Syekh Muhammad Yunus,
236, 242 Syibli, 155, 160
Syi’ah, 36, 51, 62, 144, 156 : Buwayhi, 23
Syria, 24, 80, 81, 91
Syirkah Mu’awanah, 228 Syirik, 199
Syumul, 96,97 Syura, 98, 119, 120 Swara NO, 230 Swiss, 131
T
Tahdzib al-Akhlaq, 150, 152 Tahta, 58, 78
Tajdid, 1, 25, 34 Takhassus, 201 Takvi-I Vekayi, 113 Tanah Karo, 244 Tanah Toba, 245, 249 Tanqih, 3
Tanzimat, 113,115, 117 Tapanuli, 234
Tapanuli Selatan, 234 Tapanuli Utara, 244
Taqlid, 39, 73, 75, 90, 188, 199, 215
Tarbiyah, 237
Tarjuman al-Qur’an, 169 Tarutung, 246
Tarekat, 86, 133, 136, 181, 190, 143 : Bektasyi, 112, :Chistiyah, 147, 169 :Naqsyabandiyah, 188, 243, 248
Tasawuf, 15, 46, 47, 48, 49, 52, 63, 80, 81, 84, 86,
90,136,147,188 Taswiral Afkar, 224 Tawazun, 97
Tawhid, 49,76, 97,165, 171, 201
Tebuireng, 228
Teknologi, 2, 6, 7, 8, 26, 27, 35, 53, 57, 108, 109, 110, 149 Teluk Persia, 27
Teologi, 6, 80, 159 Terusan Suez, 85,86 Thabari, 14
thabaqat, 22 Tha’ah, 98
Thaha Husain, 262
146, 147, 148, 151, 152, 153, 157, 160, 163, 164, 167, 199, 205, 212, 283, 225, 226, 242
Umanisme, 125 Umar, 12
Umar al-Khayyam, 16 Umar b. Kaththab, 5, 36
ummah, 12 Umayyah, 12, 15 Umum, 222
Universalisme, 161, 170, 171 Universitas, 223, 230
Urabi Pasya, 72
Urdu, 150, 162 Ushul al-Fiqh, 15 Usman, 12, 14
Usmani, 24, 45: Kerajaan, 26, 48, 50, 52, 53, 57, 107 Usmani Muda, 116, 117, 118,
119, 120, 121, 122 Usmaniyah, 54 Utusan NU, 230
V
Viqar al-Mulk, 153 Volkraad, 247, 248 Voltaire, 59
W
Wahabiyah, 41, 47, 49, 81, 183, 215
Wahdat al-Wujud, 143 Wahid Hasyim asy’ari, K.H,
229 Waqab, 46, 136 Waqf, 52, 112, 133, 228 Waqfiyah Nu, 228 Waqi’iyah, 97 Thawalib, 193
The Scientific Society, 150
The Spirit Of Islam, 157
The reconstruction of Religius Thought In Islam, 163
The Translation Society, 150 Thoha Hamim, 51
Timur ,125
Timur Tengah, 56, 80, 125,131, 179, 181, 182, 188, 189, 192, 195, 196, 199, 212, 214, 215, 217, 235 Toba, 186, 238, 244, 246, 247 Toleransi, 223
Tuanku Nan tua, 182, 183 Tuanku Nan Renceh, 184 Tuanku Imam Bonjol, 185,
186, 187
Tuanku Rao, 186, 187 Tuanku Tambusai, 186, 187 Tunesia, 196
Turki, 61, 63, 102,113, 118, 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 161, 170, 195
Turki Anatolia, 127
Turki Muda, 122,123, 124, 125, 127
Udin Syamsuddin, 237, 239 Ulama, 5, 19, 21, 39, 46, 47, 51,
52, 53, 55, 60, 110, 111, 112, 120, 121,133, 143,
Washil b. Atha’, 15
Washington, 93
Westernisme,126, 132
Westernisasi, 87, 88, 133
Wilfred Canwell Smith, 156 Wina, 107
Y
Yaman, 147 Yahudi, 99, 123
Yogyakarta, 201, 212, 216, 218, 219, 221
Yenisari, 108, 111, 112, Yunani, 15, 16, 36, 71, 111,
123, 124, 127, 159 Yusuf Ahmad Lubis, 243
Z
Zainuddin Labai, 193 Zainuddin Sardar, 262 Zakariya Sulaiman
Al-Bayyumi, 105
Zamakhsyari Dhofier, 286 Zending, 249
Zending Islam, 245 Zending Kristen, 248, 249 Zionis Israel, 95
Ziya Pasya, 117
