6. DAFTAR PUSTAKA - 10.70.0062 Noni Jouvita Sadmoko DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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35

6.

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Spirulina

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Estrada, J. E.; Besco and A. M. Fresno. 2001, Antioxidant Activity of Different

Fractions of

Spirulina platensis

Protean Extract. Il Farmaco. 56, 497-500. Dalam

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–

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–

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Dan

Indeks

Glikemiknya.

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39

7.

LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. Worksheet Uji Ranking Hedonik

Worksheet

Uji Ranking Hedonik

Tanggal uji

:

Jenis sampel :

Sponge cake

Identifikasi sampel:

Kode

Sponge

cake

kontrol(0%)

A

Sponge

cake

dengan penambahan 10%

Spirulina

sp.

B

Sponge

cake

Spirulina

sp.

C

Sponge

cake

Spirulina

sp.

D

Sponge

cake

Spirulina

sp.

E

Kode kombinasi urutan penyajian:

ABCDE

= 1

ABDCE

=2

ACBDE

=3

ACDBE

=4

ADEBC

=5

AEBCD

=6

BACDE

=7

BADCE

=8

BCAED

=9

BDACE

=10

BEACD

=11

BEDAC

=12

CABDE

=13

CADEB

=14

CBDAE

=15

CBEAD

=16

CDEAB

=17

CEABD

=18

DABCE

=19

DACEB

=20

DBACE

=21

DBCEA

=22

DCABE

=23

DEBAC

=24

EABCD

=25

EACBD

=26

EBACD

=27

EBCDA

=28

ECABD

=29

EDBAC

=30

Penyajian:

Booth

Panelis

Kode sampel

urutan penyajian

I

#1

776, 223, 544, 113, 662

1

II

#2

818, 183, 933, 522, 282

2

III

#3

916, 984, 138, 651, 274

3

IV

#4

232, 946, 891, 163, 379

4

I

#5

374, 938, 791, 593, 711

5

II

#6

461, 139, 581, 445, 572

6

III

#7

542, 486, 734, 128, 963

7

IV

#8

537, 791, 478, 121, 957

8

I

#9

746, 595, 774, 585, 841

9

II

#10

478, 437, 795, 237, 829

10

III

#11

749, 641, 755, 475, 218

11

IV

#12

721, 375, 191, 643, 986

12

I

#13

925, 765, 287, 132, 193

13

II

#14

932, 439, 786, 615, 556

14

III

#15

842, 725, 296, 611, 384

15

IV

#16

797, 553, 187, 868, 372

16

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40

II

#18

596, 112, 775, 988, 747

18

III

#19

863, 896, 788, 441, 615

19

IV

#20

161, 513, 258, 361, 875

20

I

#21

214, 859, 349, 177, 167

21

II

#22

669, 392, 674, 438, 122

22

III

#23

349, 167, 481, 659, 565

23

IV

#24

192, 118, 935, 335, 856

24

I

#25

452, 889, 834, 662, 261

25

II

#26

859, 338, 145, 658, 294

26

III

#27

141, 754, 313, 362, 299

27

IV

#28

746, 176, 415, 397, 158

28

I

#29

841, 317, 932, 855, 659

29

II

#30

446 569, 637, 918, 195

30

Rekap kode sampel:

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41

Lampiran 2. Scoresheet Uji Ranking Hedonik

UJI RANKING HEDONIK

Nama

:

Tanggal:

Produk

: Sponge

cake

Atribut

: Rasa

Instruksi :

Berkumur-kumurlah dahulu sebelum menguji sampel.

Di hadapan Anda terdapat 5(lima) sampel Sponge

cake

. Tulis kode sampel dari kiri ke

kanan secara berurutan pada kolom yang telah disediakan. Cicipi dan bandingkan

sampel secara berturutan dari kiri ke kanan. Setelah mencicipi 1 sampel dan

merasakannya, minumlah air putih dan berikan jeda sebelum Anda mencicipi sampel

selanjutnya. Anda dapat mengulang sesering yang Anda perlukan. Beri penilaian sesuai

dengan tingkat kesukaan Anda. Urutkan sampel dari yang paling Anda sukai(=5) hingga

sampel yang paling tidak Anda sukai (=1)

Kode sampel

Ranking (jangan ada yang dobel)

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42

UJI RANKING HEDONIK

Nama

:

Tanggal:

Produk

: Sponge

cake

Atribut

: Tekstur

Instruksi :

Berkumur-kumurlah dahulu sebelum menguji sampel.

cake

kanan secara berurutan pada kolom yang telah disediakan. Bandingkan sampel secara

berturutan dari kiri ke kanan. Setelah mencicipi 1 sampel dan merasakan teksturnya,

minumlah air putih dan berikan jeda sebelum Anda mencicipi sampel selanjutnya. Anda

dapat mengulang sesering yang Anda perlukan. Beri penilaian sesuai dengan tingkat

kesukaan Anda. Urutkan sampel dari yang paling Anda sukai(=5) hingga sampel yang

paling tidak Anda sukai (=1)

Kode sampel

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43

UJI RANKING HEDONIK

Nama

:

Tanggal:

Produk

: Sponge

cake

Atribut

: Warna

Instruksi :

cake

kanan secara berurutan pada kolom yang telah disediakan. Bandingkan sampel secara

berturutan dari kiri ke kanan. Anda dapat mengulang sesering yang Anda perlukan. Beri

penilaian sesuai dengan tingkat kesukaan Anda. Urutkan sampel dari yang paling Anda

sukai(=5) hingga sampel yang paling tidak Anda sukai (=1)

Kode sampel

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44

UJI RANKING HEDONIK

Nama

:

Tanggal:

Produk

: Sponge

cake

Atribut

: Aroma

Instruksi :

cake

. Tulis kode sampel dari kiri ke

kanan secara berurutan pada kolom yang telah disediakan. Bandingkan aroma dari

sampel secara berturutan dari kiri ke kanan. Anda dapat mengulang sesering yang Anda

perlukan. Beri penilaian sesuai dengan tingkat kesukaan Anda. Urutkan sampel dari

yang paling Anda sukai(=5) hingga sampel yang paling tidak Anda sukai (=1)

Kode sampel

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45

UJI RANKING HEDONIK

Nama

:

Tanggal:

Produk

: Sponge

cake

Atribut

: Overall

Instruksi :

cake

kanan secara berurutan pada kolom yang telah disediakan. Bandingkan semua atribut

yang terdapat pada sampel secara keseluruhan secara berturutan dari kiri ke kanan.

Anda dapat mengulang sesering yang Anda perlukan. Beri penilaian sesuai dengan

tingkat kesukaan Anda. Urutkan sampel dari yang paling Anda sukai(=5) hingga sampel

yang paling tidak Anda sukai (=1)

Kode sampel

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46

Lampiran 3. Analisa Data

(a)

Analisa Data Kadar Protein

Descriptives

PERLAKUAN Statistic

Std. Error

PROTEIN 0% Mean _7,9671 _,12381

95%

Confidence Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

7,6233

Upper

Bound 8,3108

5% Trimmed Mean 7,9768

Median _8,0546

Variance ,077

Std. Deviation _,27686

Minimum 7,53

Maximum _8,23

Range ,70

Interquartile Range _,48

Skewness -1,186 ,913

Kurtosis _1,050 _2,000

10% Mean 8,6324 ,05253

95%

Lower

Bound _8,4866

Upper

Bound 8,7783

5% Trimmed Mean _8,6334

Median 8,5799

Variance _,014

Std. Deviation ,11746

Minimum 8,49

Maximum _8,76

Range ,26

Skewness ,166 ,913

Kurtosis _-2,407 _2,000

20% Mean 9,4029 ,16977

95%

Lower Bound

8,9315

Upper

Bound 9,8742

Median 9,4554

Variance _,144

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47

Minimum _8,93

Maximum 9,81

Range _,88

Interquartile Range ,74

Skewness _-,269 _,913

Kurtosis _-2,342 _2,000

30% Mean _10,2258 _,08488

95%

Lower Bound

9,9902

Upper

Bound 10,4615

Median 10,1558

Variance _,036

Minimum _10,07

Maximum 10,51

Range _,44

Skewness _,913 _,913

Kurtosis -,738 2,000

40% Mean _11,6967 _,48319

95%

Lower Bound

10,3551

Upper

Bound 13,0382

Median _11,6442

Variance 1,167

Std. Deviation _1,08045

Minimum 10,68

Maximum _13,40

Range 2,71

Interquartile Range _1,88

Skewness 1,079 ,913

Kurtosis 1,069 2,000

Tests of Normality

PERLAKUAN

Kolmogorov-Smirnov(a) Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.

PROTEIN 0% _,224 ₅ _,200(*) _,912 ₅ _,482

10% ,273 5 ,200(*) ,852 5 ,201

20% _,197 ₅ _,200(*) _,924 ₅ _,556

30% ,244 5 ,200(*) ,871 5 ,272

40% _,223 ₅ _,200(*) _,907 ₅ _,447

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48

Descriptives

PROTEIN

N Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error

95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Minimum Maximum Lower

Bound

Upper Bound

0% ₅ _7,9671 _,27686 _,12381 _7,6233 _8,3108 _7,53 _8,23

10% 5 8,6324 ,11746 ,05253 8,4866 8,7783 8,49 8,76

20% ₅ _9,4029 _,37961 _,16977 _8,9315 _9,8742 _8,93 _9,81

30% 5 10,2258 ,18980 ,08488 9,9902 10,4615 10,07 10,51

40% ₅ _11,6967 _1,08045 _,48319 _10,3551 _13,0382 _10,68 _13,40

Total 25 9,5850 1,41263 ,28253 9,0019 10,1681 7,53 13,40

PROTEIN

Duncan

PERLAKUAN N

Subset for alpha = .05

1 2 3 4

0% 5 7,9671

10% ₅ _8,6324

20% 5 9,4029

30% ₅ _10,2258

40% 5 11,6967

Sig. ,064 1,000 1,000 1,000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 5,000.

(b)

Analisa Data Water Activity

Descriptives

PERLAKUAN Statistic Std. Error

water_activity 0% Mean _,87760 _,005793

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound _,86152

Upper Bound

,89368

5% Trimmed Mean _,87806

Median ,88500

Variance _,000

Minimum _,859

Maximum ,888

Range _,029

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49

Kurtosis _-1,445 _2,000

10% Mean ,87960 ,004739

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

,86644

Upper Bound

,89276

5% Trimmed Mean ,87961

Median _,87800

Variance _,000

Minimum ,868

Maximum _,891

Range ,023

Skewness ,142 ,913

Kurtosis _-2,829 _2,000

20% Mean ,87080 ,004042

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

,85958

Upper Bound

,88202

Median ,87200

Variance _,000

Minimum _,856

Maximum ,879

Range _,023

Skewness _-1,383 _,913

30% Mean ,86540 ,003995

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

,85431

Upper Bound

,87649

Median ,86600

Variance _,000

Minimum _,852

Maximum ,876

Range _,024

Skewness _-,661 _,913

Kurtosis ,901 2,000

40% Mean _,86240 _,004864

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound _,84889

Upper Bound

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50

Median ,86100

Variance _,000

Minimum _,848

Maximum _,877

Range _,029

Skewness ,069 ,913

Kurtosis _,021 _2,000

Tests of Normality

PERLAKUAN Kolmogorov-Smirnov(a) Shapiro-Wilk

water_activity 0% ,316 5 ,115 ,831 5 ,142

10% ,237 5 ,200(*) ,879 5 ,306

20% _,265 ₅ _,200(*) _,882 ₅ _,318

30% ,194 5 ,200(*) ,975 5 ,906

40% _,151 ₅ _,200(*) _,994 ₅ _,992

* This is a lower bound of the true significance. a Lilliefors Significance Correction

Descriptives

water_activity

N Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error

95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Minimum Maximum Lower

Bound

Upper Bound

0% 5 ,87760 ,012954 ,005793 ,86152 ,89368 ,859 ,888

10% ₅ _,87960 _,010597 _,004739 _,86644 _,89276 _,868 _,891

20% 5 ,87080 ,009039 ,004042 ,85958 ,88202 ,856 ,879

30% ₅ _,86540 _,008933 _,003995 _,85431 _,87649 _,852 _,876

40% 5 ,86240 ,010877 ,004864 ,84889 ,87591 ,848 ,877

Total ₂₅ _,87116 _,011820 _,002364 _,86628 _,87604 _,848 _,891

water_activity

Duncan

PERLAKUAN N

1 2

40% ₅ _,86240

30% 5 ,86540 ,86540

20% ₅ _,87080 _,87080

0% 5 ,87760

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51

Sig. _,249 _,064

(c)

Analisa Data Tekstur

Descriptives

HARDNESS 0% Mean _69,1648 _3,48868

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 59,4787

Upper Bound

78,8509

Median 69,9940

Variance 60,854

Minimum 57,40

Maximum _77,73

Range 20,33

Skewness -,786 ,913

Kurtosis _,499 _2,000

10% Mean 110,3402 6,69778

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound _91,7442

Upper Bound

128,9362

Median _106,8100

Variance 224,301

Minimum 89,86

Maximum 125,75

Range _35,89

Skewness -,292 ,913

Kurtosis -1,229 2,000

20% Mean _{170,1140 11,98989}

Upper Bound

203,4033

Median 170,3000

Variance _718,787

Std. Deviation 26,81021

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52

Maximum _198,26

Range 62,17

Skewness -,201 ,913

Kurtosis _-2,132 _2,000

30% Mean _175,6780 _7,69797

Upper Bound

197,0510

Median 185,9800

Variance _296,293

Minimum _151,73

Maximum 191,35

Range _39,62

Interquartile Range 31,17

Skewness _-,782 _,913

Kurtosis -1,801 2,000

40% Mean _{207,8620 16,17144}

Upper Bound

252,7611

Median _198,4700

Variance 1307,577

Minimum 167,21

Maximum _260,53

Range 93,32

Skewness ,663 ,913

Kurtosis _-,181 _2,000

COHESIVENESS 0% Mean ,2787 ,04164

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound _,1631

Upper Bound

,3944

Median _,2945

Variance ,009

Minimum _,13

Maximum ,37

Range _,23

Skewness _-1,079 _,913

Kurtosis ,891 2,000

10% Mean _,3104 _,00776

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53

Upper Bound

,3320

Median _,3037

Variance _,000

Minimum ,29

Maximum _,33

Range ,04

Skewness ,420 ,913

Kurtosis _-3,101 _2,000

20% Mean ,3229 ,01600

Upper Bound

,3673

Median _,3389

Variance ,001

Minimum _,27

Maximum _,36

Range ,09

Skewness _-,743 _,913

Kurtosis -1,246 2,000

30% Mean _,3362 _,00716

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound ,3163

Upper Bound

,3561

Median ,3349

Variance _,000

Minimum _,32

Maximum ,35

Range _,04

Skewness _-,068 _,913

Kurtosis -2,063 2,000

40% Mean ,2846 ,00924

Upper Bound

,3102

Median _,2733

Variance ,000

(20)

54

Maximum _,31

Range ,05

Skewness ,549 ,913

Kurtosis _-2,645 _2,000

SPRINGINESS 0% Mean _5,5573 _,25087

Upper Bound

6,2539

Median 5,5694

Variance _,315

Minimum _4,93

Maximum 6,39

Range _1,46

Kurtosis ,243 2,000

10% Mean _6,0218 _,12699

Upper Bound

6,3744

Median _6,1162

Variance ,081

Minimum 5,70

Maximum _6,37

Range ,67

Skewness -,113 ,913

Kurtosis _-2,134 _2,000

20% Mean 6,1614 ,22088

Upper Bound

6,7746

Median _6,3374

Variance ,244

Minimum _5,49

Maximum 6,60

Range _1,11

Skewness _-,643 _,913

Kurtosis -1,981 2,000

30% Mean _6,8279 _,14860

(21)

55

Upper Bound

7,2404

Median _6,7447

Variance _,110

Minimum 6,46

Maximum _7,20

Range ,75

Skewness ,223 ,913

Kurtosis _-2,680 _2,000

40% Mean 6,0148 ,32930

Upper Bound

6,9291

Median _6,3823

Variance ,542

Minimum _5,16

Maximum _6,74

Range 1,59

Skewness _-,487 _,913

Kurtosis -2,996 2,000

CHEWINESS 0% Mean _1,5012 _,37013

Upper Bound

2,5288

Median 1,2901

Variance _,685

Minimum _,50

Maximum 2,77

Range _2,27

10% Mean 2,0267 ,14801

Upper Bound

2,4377

Median _2,1542

Variance ,110

(22)

56

Maximum _2,29

Range ,80

Kurtosis _1,755 _2,000

20% Mean _3,3455 _,37717

Upper Bound

4,3927

Median 3,1950

Variance _,711

Minimum _2,32

Maximum 4,42

Range _2,11

Kurtosis -1,445 2,000

30% Mean _3,9711 _,27027

Upper Bound

4,7215

Median _3,9466

Variance ,365

Minimum 3,19

Maximum _4,74

Range 1,54

Skewness -,012 ,913

Kurtosis _-1,046 _2,000

40% Mean 3,5599 ,47756

Upper Bound

4,8858

Median _3,8363

Variance 1,140

Minimum _2,23

Maximum 4,63

Range _2,40

Skewness _-,389 _,913

Kurtosis -2,558 2,000

GUMMINESS 0% Mean _,0229 _,00526

(23)

57

Upper Bound

,0375

Median _,0203

Variance _,000

Minimum ,01

Maximum _,04

Range ,03

Skewness 1,070 ,913

Kurtosis _1,468 _2,000

10% Mean ,0343 ,00246

Upper Bound

,0411

Median _,0345

Variance ,000

Minimum _,03

Maximum _,04

Range ,01

Skewness _-,492 _,913

Kurtosis ,410 2,000

20% Mean _,0549 _,00467

Upper Bound

,0679

Median ,0529

Variance _,000

Minimum _,04

Maximum ,07

Range _,03

Skewness _-,084 _,913

30% Mean ,0632 ,00312

Upper Bound

,0719

Median _,0659

Variance ,000

(24)

58

Maximum _,07

Range ,02

Kurtosis _2,468 _2,000

40% Mean _,0595 _,00522

Upper Bound

,0740

Median ,0610

Variance _,000

Minimum _,04

Maximum ,07

Range _,03

Skewness _-,383 _,913

Kurtosis -2,028 2,000

Tests of Normality

PERLAKUAN

Kolmogorov-Smirnov(a) Shapiro-Wilk

HARDNESS 0% ,171 5 ,200(*) ,965 5 ,840

10% _,226 ₅ _,200(*) _,910 _{5 ,466}

20% ,216 5 ,200(*) ,926 5 ,573

30% ,325 5 ,090 ,854 5 ,208

40% _,202 ₅ _,200(*) _,967 _{5 ,858}

COHESIVENESS 0% ,187 5 ,200(*) ,922 5 ,540

10% _,255 ₅ _,200(*) _,819 _{5 ,114}

20% ,273 5 ,200(*) ,914 5 ,489

30% _,206 ₅ _,200(*) _,943 _{5 ,685}

40% ,308 5 ,136 ,857 5 ,218

SPRINGINESS 0% _,182 ₅ _,200(*) _,966 _{5 ,850}

10% ,230 5 ,200(*) ,914 5 ,491

20% _,239 ₅ _,200(*) _,875 _{5 ,286}

30% ,230 5 ,200(*) ,897 5 ,391

40% _,291 ₅ _,192 _,837 _{5 ,157}

CHEWINESS 0% ,215 5 ,200(*) ,942 5 ,683

10% _,250 ₅ _,200(*) _,848 _{5 ,189}

20% ,171 5 ,200(*) ,973 5 ,893

30% _,139 ₅ _,200(*) _,989 _{5 ,977}

40% ,202 5 ,200(*) ,896 5 ,388

GUMMINESS 0% _,208 ₅ _,200(*) _,940 _{5 ,664}

10% ,167 5 ,200(*) ,986 5 ,964

(25)

59

30% _,247 ₅ _,200(*) _,862 _{5 ,234}

40% ,217 5 ,200(*) ,911 5 ,475

Descriptives N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Minimum Maximum Lower Bound Upper Bound

HARDNESS 0%

5 69,1648 7,80092 3,4886₈ 59,4787 78,8509 57,40 77,73

10%

5 110,340₂ 14,97668 6,6977₈ 91,7442 128,936₂ 89,86 125,75

20%

5 170,114₀ 26,81021 11,989₈₉ 136,824₇ 203,403₃ 136,09 198,26

30%

5 175,678₀ 17,21318 7,6979₇ 154,305₀ 197,051₀ 151,73 191,35

40%

5 207,862

0 36,16044

16,171 44

162,962 9

252,761

1 167,21 260,53

Total 2

5

146,631

8 55,05433

11,010 87

123,906 5

169,357

1 57,40 260,53

COHESIVENESS 0% ₅ _,2787 _,09312 _,04164 _,1631 _,3944 _,13 _,37

10% 5 ,3104 ,01734 ,00776 ,2889 ,3320 ,29 ,33

20% ₅ _,3229 _,03578 _,01600 _,2785 _,3673 _,27 _,36

30% 5 ,3362 ,01602 ,00716 ,3163 ,3561 ,32 ,35

40% 5 ,2846 ,02067 ,00924 ,2589 ,3102 ,26 ,31

Total 2

5 ,3066 ,04824 ,00965 ,2867 ,3265 ,13 ,37

SPRINGINESS 0% 5 5,5573 ,56097 ,25087 4,8608 6,2539 4,93 6,39

10% 5 6,0218 ,28396 ,12699 5,6692 6,3744 5,70 6,37

20% ₅ _6,1614 _,49391 _,22088 _5,5481 _6,7746 _5,49 _6,60

30% ₅ _6,8279 _,33227 _,14860 _6,4153 _7,2404 _6,46 _7,20

40% 5 6,0148 ,73635 ,32930 5,1005 6,9291 5,16 6,74

Total 2

5 6,1166 ,62476 ,12495 5,8587 6,3745 4,93 7,20

CHEWINESS 0% ₅ _1,5012 _,82763 _,37013 _,4735 _2,5288 _,50 _2,77

10% 5 2,0267 ,33097 ,14801 1,6158 2,4377 1,49 2,29

20% 5 3,3455 ,84339 ,37717 2,2983 4,3927 2,32 4,42

30% ₅ _3,9711 _,60435 _,27027 _3,2207 _4,7215 _3,19 _4,74

40% 5 3,5599 1,06785 ,47756 2,2340 4,8858 2,23 4,63

Total 2

5 2,8809 1,19964 ,23993 2,3857 3,3761 ,50 4,74

GUMMINESS 0% ₅ _,0229 _,01177 _,00526 _,0083 _,0375 _,01 _,04

10% 5 ,0343 ,00550 ,00246 ,0275 ,0411 ,03 ,04

20% ₅ _,0549 _,01044 _,00467 _,0419 _,0679 _,04 _,07

30% 5 ,0632 ,00697 ,00312 ,0546 ,0719 ,05 ,07

40% ₅ _,0595 _,01168 _,00522 _,0450 _,0740 _,04 _,07

Total 2

(26)

60

HARDNESS

Duncan

PERLAKUAN N

1 2 3 4

0% 5 69,1648

10% ₅ _110,3402

20% 5 170,1140

30% ₅ _175,6780

40% 5 207,8620

Sig. _1,000 _1,000 _,704 _1,000

COHESIVENESS

Duncan

PERLAKUAN N

Subset for alpha =

.05

1

0% ₅ _,2780

40% 5 ,2820

10% ₅ _,3100

20% 5 ,3220

30% ₅ _,3360

Sig. ,099

SPRINGINESS

Duncan

PERLAKUAN N

1 2

0% ₅ _5,5600

40% 5 6,0160

10% ₅ _6,0240

20% 5 6,1620 6,1620

30% ₅ _6,8260

Sig. ,100 ,052

(27)

61

CHEWINESS

Duncan

PERLAKUAN N

1 2

0% ₅ _1,5020

10% 5 2,0280

20% ₅ _3,3460

40% 5 3,5600

30% ₅ _3,9720

Sig. ,297 ,242

GUMMINESS

Duncan

PERLAKUAN N

1 2

0% 5 ,02293

10% 5 ,03430

20% ₅ _,05489

40% ₅ _,05947

30% 5 ,06276

Sig. ,075 ,232

(d)

Analisa Data Crumb Colour

Descriptives

Lightness 0% Mean _78,1480 _,42896

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

76,9570

Upper Bound

79,3390

Median _78,2300

Variance ,920

Minimum 76,66

Maximum _79,13

Range 2,47

Skewness -,978 ,913

(28)

62

10% Mean _56,9760 _,96104

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

54,3077

Upper Bound

59,6443

Median 56,4700

Variance _4,618

Minimum 54,80

Maximum 60,50

Range _5,70

Skewness _1,356 _,913

20% Mean _44,7700 _,85891

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

42,3853

Upper Bound

47,1547

Median _45,3500

Variance 3,689

Minimum 42,16

Maximum _47,23

Range 5,07

Skewness -,215 ,913

Kurtosis _-,226 _2,000

30% Mean 42,1420 ,59326

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

40,4949

Upper Bound

43,7891

Median _42,7400

Variance 1,760

Minimum 39,97

Maximum _43,37

Range 3,40

Kurtosis _2,014 _2,000

40% Mean 37,8400 ,56088

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

36,2827

Upper Bound

39,3973

(29)

63

Median _37,6600

Variance 1,573

Minimum 36,43

Maximum _39,83

Range _3,40

Skewness 1,038 ,913

a 0% Mean _-3,0560 _,27466

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

-3,8186

Upper Bound

-2,2934

5% Trimmed Mean -3,0633

Median _-3,2700

Variance ,377

Minimum -3,71

Maximum _-2,27

Range 1,44

Skewness ,445 ,913

Kurtosis _-2,231 _2,000

10% Mean -6,6220 ,18260

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

-7,1290

Upper Bound

-6,1150

5% Trimmed Mean _-6,6156

Median -6,4500

Variance ,167

Minimum -7,20

Maximum _-6,16

Range 1,04

Skewness -,593 ,913

Kurtosis _-,699 _2,000

20% Mean -6,0620 ,30246

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

-6,9018

Upper Bound

-5,2222

5% Trimmed Mean _-6,0700

Median -6,3600

Variance _,457

Minimum _-6,78

(30)

64

Range _1,58

Kurtosis -2,305 2,000

30% Mean _-5,1380 _,40654

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

-6,2667

Upper Bound

-4,0093

Median -5,4800

Variance _,826

Minimum _-5,99

Maximum -3,62

Range _2,37

Skewness _1,542 _,913

40% Mean _-4,2280 _,26995

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound _-4,9775

Upper Bound

-3,4785

Median _-4,5700

Variance ,364

Minimum -4,66

Maximum _-3,22

Range 1,44

Skewness _1,632 _,913

b 0% Mean _35,2220 _1,11227

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

32,1338

Upper Bound

38,3102

Median _34,4300

Variance 6,186

Minimum 32,45

Maximum _39,07

Range 6,62

Skewness ,934 ,913

Kurtosis _1,152 _2,000

(31)

65

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

11,6067

Upper Bound

13,4773

Median 12,3800

Variance ,567

Minimum _11,79

Maximum 13,71

Range 1,92

Skewness 1,026 ,913

Kurtosis _,733 _2,000

20% Mean 11,3360 ,41267

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

10,1902

Upper Bound

12,4818

Median 11,6200

Variance _,851

Minimum _10,08

Maximum 12,44

Range _2,36

Skewness _-,380 _,913

30% Mean _8,8000 _,60267

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound _7,1267

Upper Bound

10,4733

Median 9,1800

Variance _1,816

Minimum _6,54

Maximum 10,09

Range _3,55

Skewness _-1,555 _,913

40% Mean _6,8040 _,35908

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean

Lower Bound

5,8070

Upper Bound

7,8010

(32)

66

Variance _,645

Minimum _5,77

Maximum 7,79

Range _2,02

Skewness _-,211 _,913

Kurtosis -1,311 2,000

Tests of Normality

PERLAKUAN Kolmogorov-Smirnov(a) Shapiro-Wilk

Lightness 0% ,202 5 ,200(*) ,939 5 ,659

10% _,268 ₅ _,200(*) _,899 ₅ _,406

20% ,219 5 ,200(*) ,970 5 ,873

30% ,274 5 ,200(*) ,870 5 ,266

40% _,256 ₅ _,200(*) _,934 ₅ _,623

a 0% ,236 5 ,200(*) ,918 5 ,516

10% _,263 ₅ _,200(*) _,942 ₅ _,680

20% ,270 5 ,200(*) ,901 5 ,418

30% _,270 ₅ _,200(*) _,860 ₅ _,229

40% ,314 5 ,119 ,786 5 ,062

b 0% _,225 ₅ _,200(*) _,943 ₅ _,685

10% ,185 5 ,200(*) ,936 5 ,635

20% _,221 ₅ _,200(*) _,967 ₅ _,855

30% ,300 5 ,161 ,862 5 ,234

40% _,211 ₅ _,200(*) _,964 ₅ _,836

Descriptives

N Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error

95% Confidence

Interval for Mean Minimum Maximum

Lower Bound

Upper

Bound

Lightness 0% _{5 78,1480} _,95918 _,42896 _76,9570 _79,3390 _76,66 _79,13

10% 5 56,9760 2,14896 ,96104 54,3077 59,6443 54,80 60,50

20% _{5 44,7700} _1,92059 _,85891 _42,3853 _47,1547 _42,16 _47,23

30% 5 42,1420 1,32656 ,59326 40,4949 43,7891 39,97 43,37

40% _{5 37,8400} _1,25417 _,56088 _36,2827 _39,3973 _36,43 _39,83

Total 25 51,9752 14,91980 2,98396 45,8166 58,1338 36,43 79,13

a 0% 5 -3,0560 ,61415 ,27466 -3,8186 -2,2934 -3,71 -2,27

10% ₅ _-6,6220 _,40831 _,18260 _-7,1290 _-6,1150 _-7,20 _-6,16

20% ₅ _-6,0620 _,67633 _,30246 _-6,9018 _-5,2222 _-6,78 _-5,20

(33)

67

40% ₅ _-4,2280 _,60363 _,26995 _-4,9775 _-3,4785 _-4,66 _-3,22

Total 25 -5,0212 1,43645 ,28729 -5,6141 -4,4283 -7,20 -2,27

b 0% _{5 35,2220} _{2,48711 1,11227} _32,1338 _38,3102 _32,45 _39,07

10% 5 12,5420 ,75324 ,33686 11,6067 13,4773 11,79 13,71

20% _{5 11,3360} _,92276 _,41267 _10,1902 _12,4818 _10,08 _12,44

30% ₅ _8,8000 _1,34761 _,60267 _7,1267 _10,4733 _6,54 _10,09

40% ₅ _6,8040 _,80292 _,35908 _5,8070 _7,8010 _5,77 _7,79

Total 25 14,9408 10,62667 2,12533 10,5543 19,3273 5,77 39,07

Lightness

Duncan

PERLAKUAN N

1 2 3 4 5

40% 5 37,8400

30% ₅ _42,1420

20% 5 44,7700

10% ₅ _56,9760

0% 5 78,1480

Sig. 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000

a

Duncan

PERLAKUAN N

1 2 3 4

10% 5 -6,6220

20% ₅ _-6,0620

30% 5 -5,1380

40% ₅ _-4,2280

0% 5 -3,0560

Sig. _,196 _1,000 _1,000 _1,000

b

Duncan

PERLAKUAN N

1 2 3 4

40% 5 6,8040

(34)

68

20% ₅ _11,3360

10% 5 12,5420

0% ₅ _35,2220

Sig. 1,000 1,000 ,194 1,000

(e)

Analisa Data Volume Pengembangan, Weight loss, Specific volume

Descriptives

PERLAKUAN Statistic

Std. Error

VOLUME_PENGEMBANGAN 0% Mean 6,7920 ,94019

95%

Lower

Bound _4,1816

Upper

Bound 9,4024

Median 7,2435

Variance 4,420

Minimum _4,57

Maximum 8,82

Range 4,25

Skewness -,259 ,913

Kurtosis _-3,049 _2,000

10% Mean 8,9191 ,44903

95%

Lower Bound

7,6724

Upper

Bound 10,1657

Median 9,0798

Variance _1,008

Minimum _7,88

Maximum 10,32

Range _2,43

Kurtosis -1,014 2,000

20% Mean _{31,0556 ,88484}

95%

Lower Bound

(35)

69

Upper

Bound 33,5123

Median _30,7997

Variance _3,915

Minimum 28,54

Maximum _33,57

Range 5,03

Skewness ,063 ,913

Kurtosis _-1,108 _2,000

30% Mean 37,0552 ,41069

95%

Lower Bound

35,9150

Upper

Bound 38,1955

Median 36,7398

Variance _,843

Minimum _36,35

Maximum 38,62

Range _2,26

Skewness _1,733 _,913

40% Mean _{9,6758 ,74571}

95%

Lower Bound

7,6054

Upper

Bound 11,7462

Median 8,8023

Variance _2,780

Minimum _8,19

Maximum 12,10

Range _3,91

Kurtosis -1,120 2,000

WEIGHT_LOSS 0% Mean _{5,8898 ,53071}

95%

Lower Bound

(36)

70

Upper

Bound 7,3633

Median _5,8824

Variance _1,408

Minimum 4,76

Maximum _7,56

Range 2,80

Skewness ,504 ,913

Kurtosis _-1,056 _2,000

10% Mean 5,8061 ,45952

95%

Lower Bound

4,5303

Upper

Bound 7,0820

Median 5,8014

Variance _1,056

Minimum _4,19

Maximum 6,86

Range _2,67

Skewness _-1,038 _,913

20% Mean _{5,8095 ,27984}

95%

Lower Bound

5,0325

Upper

Bound 6,5864

Median 5,8140

Variance _,392

Minimum _5,00

Maximum 6,67

Range _1,67

Kurtosis ,033 2,000

30% Mean _{5,7229 ,24503}

95%

Lower Bound

(37)

71

Upper

Bound 6,4033

Median _5,6818

Variance _,300

Minimum 5,11

Maximum _6,29

Range 1,17

Skewness ,048 ,913

Kurtosis _-2,830 _2,000

40% Mean 5,1315 ,60112

95%

Lower Bound

3,4625

Upper

Bound 6,8004

Median 5,4217

Variance _1,807

Minimum _2,91

Maximum 6,51

Range _3,60

Skewness _-1,399 _,913

SPECIFIC_VOLUME 0% Mean _{2,4645 ,08821}

95%

Lower Bound

2,2196

Upper

Bound 2,7094

Median 2,3875

Variance _,039

Minimum _2,23

Maximum 2,71

Range _,49

Kurtosis -1,642 2,000

10% Mean _{2,6410 ,10041}

95%

Lower Bound

(38)

72

Upper

Bound 2,9198

Median _2,6994

Variance _,050

Minimum 2,28

Maximum _2,86

Range ,58

Kurtosis _1,737