Green Design
III. RESULT
produce sound with longer, flatter and more balanced waves.
Fig 1. Example of Cymbalum musical instrument made from wasted cans without a resonator that was made by other artists
II. METHODOLOGY
The author will examine the problem using the Research and Development method which is a research method to produce a product and test the effectiveness of the product (Sugiyono, 2008: 297). The method used by Sugiyono will go through ten stages which are longitudinal research. Considering that the research that will be carried out takes a maximum of seven months, the author will adjust the time to make it into the seven stages of this design process, with the following details:
1. Potential and Problems
A research can depart from the existence of potential, in this case the potential of waste raw materials that have the opportunity to be made into an alternative musical instrument through a research process. The problem is a contradiction between what is expected and what is happening. The problem in this research is that there is still a lot of wasted/used goods that have not been used optimally as raw materials in making an art work, even though wasted/used goods have a great potential to become extraordinary works of art.
2. Data Collection
At this stage the author will carry out the process of collecting data related to Cymbalum musical instruments made from wasted cans that have been made by other artists who do not use resonators/resonance chambers, with observation techniques and interview those who are experts in making acoustic musical instruments. These observations and interviews will produce data which will then be analyzed to be used as a gauge in the design of Cymbalum musical instrument designs made from wasted cans with a new design idea that will use a resonator/resonance chamber.
3. Product Design Based on Used Goods Exploration After obtaining the results of the second stage, then will head with the process of designing Cymbalum musical instrument products made from wasted cans that will utilize the resonance chamber to produce a relatively better sound quality.
4. Design Validation
At this stage, the design will be consulted with those who are considered to have expertise in the related field.
5. Product Testing (Initial Prototype)
The initial prototype that has been made before will be tested by operationalized/played to find out the shortcomings to be fixed later
6. Product Usage Trial (Prototype continued)
After the shortcomings of the previous stage are corrected, this stage is testing on an advanced prototype by playing and analyzing the results. If in Step 6 the product being tested already does not need to be repaired, then the final prototype will be made.
7. Making the Final Prototype
At this stage the authors make the final process by making the final prototype of an acoustic Cymbalum musical instrument made from wasted cans. The prototype was made in the acoustic guitar industry with a home industry scale
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author would like to thank Mr. Yosefat Wenardi as the owner of the Secco acoustic guitar industry who has been a consultant during this research.
REFERENCES
[1] Anggana, Rizka Dwipa, “Sampah B3 (Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun)
rumah tangga”. dari artikel:
http://banksampahmelatibersih.blogspot.co.id/2013/sampah-b3- bahan-berbahaya-dan-beracun.html?m=1, 2013.
[2] Duckworth, William, “Talking music”, New York: Schirmer Books, 1995
[3] Poerwadarminta, W. J. S, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta:
Balai Pustaka, 1976
[4] Hutari, Rossana, “Kreativitas anak”, dari artikel:
http://rossanahutari.blogspot.co.id/2011/10/krativitas-anak-html, 2011 [5] Koentjaraningrat, “Pengantar antropologi I”, Jakarta: Penerbit Rineka
Cipta, 2005
[6] Parker, Dewitt, “The principles of eesthethics”, Project Gutenberg, (EBook #6366), 1920
[7] Rachmawati, Yeni dan Euis Kurniati, “Strategi pengembangan kreativitas pada anak”, Jakarta: Penerbit Kencana, 2010
[8] Triyono, Bambang, “Musik dari onggokan sampah”, hal. 94, dari artikel Majalah Warisan Indonesia Vol. 1 No.4, 2011
Mapping the Potential of Green Economic
Development Jakarta City Based On Green GRDP
Edi Wahyu Wibowo
Politeknik LP3I Jakarta Minggu
Politeknik LP3I Jakarta
Abstract—Environmental problems in the city of Jakarta such as loss of agricultural land, environmental pollution, increased air temperature, low air quality, impacts on water quality and quantity, impacts on public and social health need to be anticipated by applying Green GRDP as a basis for measuring the economy. In 2016 the value of Green GRDP was 99.69%
or 0.31% smaller than conventional / brown GRDP, while in 2017 the value of Green GRDP was 99.70% or 0.30% smaller than conventional / brown GRDP. The results of the potential mapping in the Province of DKI Jakarta obtained the transportation sector, accommodation providers, communication information, financial services & insurance, company services, other services have fast growth in the economy of the Province of DKI Jakarta and have better competitiveness compared to other regions in Indonesia. Whereas the manufacturing, electricity & gas, real estate and wholesale & retail trade sectors are sectors that can only be enhanced in the scope of DKI Jakarta Province.
While the Agriculture, Mining, Water Supply, Waste &
Waste Management, Government Administration and Education Services sectors have no role in advancing the economy of the Province of DKI Jakarta and in Indonesia. Finally, the Construction and Health & Social Services sector is a sector that has fast growth in the economy of the Province of DKI Jakarta, but has less competitiveness compared to other regions in Indonesia.
Keywords— Green City, Green Economy, Green GDP I. INTRODUCTION
City development is an unavoidable thing and one of the crucial things that affects it is accessibility (Putri and Zain, 2010) in (Ratnasari, 2015). Open accessibility to and from the city encourages people to migrate in search of a more decent life. The more densely populated the city the lower the quality of the environment (Todaro and Smith, 2006) in (Ratnasari, 2015), or when the population growth in the city population has exceeded the carrying capacity of the environment. Development of urban infrastructure to facilitate the needs of its citizens often takes green space so that the amount of green open space in urban areas is reduced. The landowners easily sell their land because it is considered more economical than just being used as agricultural land.
One alternative to solving urban problems developing in Indonesia is to apply the concept of Green City as part of the process of urban development and rejuvenation. According to Ernawi (2012) the concept of a green city has a strategic meaning because it is motivated by several factors, including the rapid growth of the city and its implications for the emergence of various urban problems such as congestion, flooding, slums, social inequality, and reduced area of green open space (Ratnasari , 2015).
Many problems in the city of Jakarta still need to be solved, especially the problem of environmental pollution. If environmental problems are resolved then sustainable economic development is created. Green GDP / GRDP is a continuation of GDP / GRDP calculation by entering the value of changes in reserves of natural resources and the quality of the environment. Green GDP / GRDP itself must be used by the central and regional governments to:
1. Provide a direction for development planning and more sustainable economic growth.
2. Provide a more precise picture of the results of development
3. Measure development performance based on environmental considerations.
4. Decision making on the use and conservation of natural resources and the environment.
1. Green City
The concept of a green city in Indonesia was formulated in the Green Cities Development Program (P2KH). According to the Ministry of Public Works (2011) the Green City Development Program (P2KH) is one of the steps of the Central Government together with the provincial and city / district governments in fulfilling the provisions of the Spatial Planning Law, especially related to the fulfillment of urban Green Open Space. Based on Inmendagri No. 14 of 1988, the understanding of urban Green Open Space is open space within a city or a wider area, both in the form of regional areas and in the form of elongated areas or pathways where their use is more open, basically without buildings (Ratnasari, 2015 ). (Riogilang, 2015) examines the green city in the city of Manado with the application of the concept of green concepts can answer various problems that arise along with the rapid development of the city of Manado. The concept of green in its ideas and applications is expected to bring the city of Manado to a big city that is
orderly, orderly, comfortable, sustainable and sustainable.
(Widagdo, 2011) assessing the green city of Surabaya, the results are expected. Planning of urban facilities such as green space, pedestrian or sidewalks should consider the climate of the city like Surabaya, which is humid tropical, where everyone craves a micro climate which is more shade, fresh and comfortable from the sun.
2. Green Economy (Green Economy)
(Sayaka, 2015) Green economy is currently a growing market that optimizes three value groups, namely social, environmental and financial values. Green economics (green economics) is defined as an economic method that supports the harmonious interaction between nature and humans so that each can meet the needs simultaneously.
3. GRDP and Green GRDP
The concept of Green GDP in China (Zheng and Chen, 2006), Green GDP is defined as an aggregate accounting index that measures real domestic welfare, which is conventional GDP minus natural resource losses. In practice, Green GDP measurement methods typically cover the five costs of consuming natural resources, namely agricultural land, mineral resources, forests, water and fish resources, and two costs of environmental depletion namely environmental pollution and ecological degradation (SEPA news release, 2006 in Zheng and Chen, 2006) in (Mulya, 2016)
II. METHOD