DEVELOPMENT OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR EMPLOYMENT THROUGH PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN HEALTH AND RECREATION
DEPARTMENT AND SPORT CENTERS IN BANDUNG By
Yudha M. Saputra Nurlan Kusmaedi
ABSTRACT
Background of this study is still many graduates of our department who are difficult to become a teacher in government institution. Development of opportunity for employment in addition to be a teacher is an alternative in our department even this field is many offered by private institution. Therefore we have been developing a model for improving the quality of output. This model would like to give our students some of experiences in sport centers management. Hopeful they can survive in society.
The study used descriptive method by research and development approach and questionnaire is the instrument. This approach is done to arrange and develop a model of partnership between our department and sport centers in Bandung.
The result of this study are as follow: (1) The arrangement a development model of opportunity for employment for our graduates; (2) For components of management were resulted as follow: (a) planning = good, (b) implementing = good, (c) result = good, (d) impact = good, (e) feedback = good, and (f) development = good.
Keywords = Partnership, marketing, opportunities for development.
A. Background
Background of this study is still many graduates of our department who are difficult to become a teacher in government institution. Our department prepares teachers candidate of physical education. Up to now, receiving physical education teacher is very limited. Therefore, the students need to be supplied with management skills in order to be able take a job on the other sectors such as fitness center in hotel, sport tourism in tourism department, swimming pool center, management sport facilities, etc.
To prepare of human resources who are needed by communities and institutions, the department must do some of attempts to improve the competences of alumnus. Internal attempt is to developing of curriculum in 2006 and improving of lectures qualification from S2 to S3 must be done early. All of this is meant as positive steps in getting alumni who is more competitiveness of global era. External attempt is tried some of programs such as field work in hotel or sport center in Bandung city.
Field work is attempt rapidly which must be done by institution to provide the students of practical competences to fulfill market need. However, the field work form is apprenticeship for the students in sport centers. This way is a strategy effort by institution, because the students can be prepared directly dan be guided of competences which is comportable with work world and business world. The field work is done in governmen or private institution.
Development of opportunity for employment in addition to be a teacher is an alternative in our department even this field is many offered by private institution.
Therefore we have been developing a model for improving the quality of output. This model would like to give our students some of experiences in sport centers management.
Hopeful they can survive in society.
B. Methology of study
The study used descriptive method by research and development approach and questionnaire is the instrument. This approach is done to arrange and develop a model of partnership between our department and sport centers in Bandung. Population who was used on this study is some of instructors and managers in sport centers in Bandung. Sample on this study consist of 40 people of instructors and 20 people of managers in sport centers.
Model is one of efforts for find out alternative of changing from an arrangement. Model development is needed by institution which wants to become changing. Changing can just become if something was implemented. According to Castetter (1996:628) explained,
“Model as development or employment of overall plans sometimes referred to as grand designs, in order to achieve goals, planned effects, or desired results.” To reach the goals every effort can be done with some of ways.
The conceptual model is given name “Model of development of working field for alumnus of health and recreation department, school of physical education and health, Indonesia University of Education through partnership between health and recreation department and sport centers in Bandung.
Parts of model which include into as follow: design, procedure, methodology and strategy development of networks in the opening system.
The pre model can be explained as follow:
Figure 1
Model of development of working field for alumnus of health and recreation department through partnership between our department and sport centers
in Bandung
Vision, Mision and goals of the department
Profile of work for alumnus:
1. Physical education teachers 2. Instructor, guide, manager of
sport centers and sport tourism 3. Army, public service, etc.
Process :
Based on community, andragogies dominant approach, Theory: need, Humanism, group dynamic, system. Technical: Individual and group dominant; Method: Dominant Learner Centered; Innovative Learning (Anticipative and Participative)
Sport tourism marketing strategy through joining lectures with managers and instructors in sport center Bandung city
Profile of Situation and condition of sport tourism in Bandung City according
SWOT analysis
Hoped Results:
1. To have competence in sport tourism 2. To improve sum of alumnus who work in Sport tourism in sport centers.
3. To shorten time for waiting for job after Graduating from the department.
Effects :
1. Sum of unemployed can be reduced 2. More creative to make working field
3. Improving of participation index of our alumnus in Nation building.
4. Improving of networking partnership between Stakeholders and users of our alumnus
1. Double system, 2. Apprentice, 3. Field work,
4. Field work profession, 5. Entrepreneurship, 6. Business group
C. Realization Procedure of Field Work in apprenticeship
The realization procedure of field work in apprenticeship was done some of stages as follow:
1. Preparation stage is done to take twice times meeting on the first instructional. The time is attempted without disturbing of the instructional. Something which must be prepared including to: (a) whole explenation about activities, group distribution, members of every group everage 4 people, (b) to identify of sport health and recreation as well as sport tourism as activities substantion, (c) to identify of actitivity place, (d) to send letter from the dean, (e) to design tutorial scedule, and (f) to devide of actitivities report.
2. Realization stage for 6 to 8 weeks: (a) observation stage, (b) assistention stage, (c) stand alone atage, (d) development stage, (e) design and report stage, (f) accountability stage, (g) tutorial stage.
D. Result of The Study
There are 40 questions list in which is given to respondens. The questions consist of 8 questions about goals, 7 questions about strenght and weakness, 4 questions about opportunity and threat, 2 questions about target of short term, 4 questions about activities planning, 3 questions about realization, 2 questions about result, 4 questions about effect, 4 questions about feed back, and 2 questions about development. The answer from respondens for each component as follow:
Table 1
Planning of Integrated Apprentice
No.
Responden
Planning
Average Goals Strenght and
weakness
Opportunity and threat
Target of short term
Activities planning
1 4 3.9 3 5 3.25 3.83
2 3.5 2.7 2.5 5 3.75 3.49
3 3.6 3 3.25 5 3.5 3.67
4 3.3 3.9 2.5 4 3 3.34
5 2.8 3.4 2 4 3 3.04
6 3.8 3.9 3.25 4.5 4 3.89
7 3.9 4 3.25 4 4 3.83
8 3.8 3.4 4 4 3.75 3.79
9 4.3 3.4 3.5 5 4 4.04
10 3.6 3.9 3.25 5 3.75 3.9
11 3.1 3.9 3.25 4.5 3 3.55
12 3.5 3.7 2.75 4 3 3.39
13 3.4 3.9 3.25 4.5 3.5 3.71
14 3.5 4 3.25 4.5 3.5 3.75
15 3.5 4 3.5 5 3.75 3.95
16 3.4 4.1 3.25 5 4 3.95
17 3.8 3.7 3.75 4 3 3.65
18 3.6 3.7 3.75 4 3 3.61
19 4 4.3 4 4 4 4.06
20 4 4.1 2.25 5 3.5 3.77
21 3.6 3.6 4 4 3.5 3.74
Σ 29 78 67.5 94 73.8 78
_
X 3.6 3.73 3.21 4.5 3.51 3.71
Category Good Good Good
Very Good Good Good
Table 2
Realization, Result, Effect, Feed Back, and Development Of Integrated Apprentice
No.
Resp
Realization Result Effect Feed Back Development
1 2.67 3 4.25 4.25 4.5
2 3.67 4.5 5 3.5 2.5
3 3 2.5 3.5 2.75 2.5
4 2.33 4 3.25 2.75 3
5 3.33 3.5 3.5 2.75 3
6 4 4 4.75 2.75 3
7 4 4 4 3.25 3.5
8 3 3.5 4.25 3 3
9 4 4.5 4 3.75 3.5
10 4 3.5 4 3.5 3.5
11 3.67 3.5 3.5 3 3
12 3.67 3.5 4.25 3.5 3.5
13 3.67 3.5 3.75 3.25 3
14 3 3.5 4.5 3 3.5
15 3.67 5 3.25 3.5 3
16 3.33 5 4.5 4 3.5
17 3.33 3.5 3.75 4 3.5
18 2.67 3.5 4.25 4 3.5
19 3.33 3.5 4 3.5 4
20 2.67 4 4.75 3.5 4
21 4 3.5 4 3.25 4
_Σ 71 79 85 70.8 71
X 3.38 3.8 4.05 3.37 3.38
Category Good Good Very Good Good Good
For planning, ideal score average of all respondents component is 21 x 5 = 105, actual score average is 78/105 = 74 %, ideal score for every question is 5, actual score average for a question of respondent is 3, 71 (74 %). Therefore, from score total for respondent can still be repaired or increased is 105 – 78 = 27 or 5 – 3,71 = 1,29 for average for respondent is 24 % or one step from good or very good.
For realization, ideal score average of all respondents component is 21 x 5 = 105, actual score average is 68%, ideal score for every question is 5, actual score average for a question of respondent is 3, 38 or 68%. Therefore, from score total for respondent can still be repaired or increased is 105 – 71 = 34 or 5 – 3,38 = 1,62 for average for respondent is 32 % or one step from good or very good.
For result, ideal score average of all respondents component is 21 x 5 = 105, actual score average is 79 or 75%, ideal score for every question is 5, actual score average for a question of respondent is 3, 8 or 75%. Therefore, from score total for respondent can still be repaired or increased is 105 – 79 = 26 or 5 – 3,8 = 1,2 for average for respondent is 25
% or one step from good or very good.
For effect, ideal score average of all respondents component is 21 x 5 = 105, actual score average is 85 or 81%, ideal score for every question is 5, actual score average for a question of respondent is 4,05 or 81%. Therefore, from score total for respondent can still be repaired or increased is 105 – 85 = 20 or 5 – 4,05 = 0,95 for average for respondent is 19 % or one step from good or very good.
For feed back, ideal score average of all respondents component is 21 x 5 = 105, actual score average is 70,8 or 67%, ideal score for every question is 5, actual score average for a question of respondent is 3,37 or 67%. Therefore, from score total for respondent can still be repaired or increased is 105 – 70,8 = 29,2 or 5 – 3,37 = 1,63 for average for respondent is 33 % or one step from good or very good.
For development, ideal score average of all respondents component is 21 x 5 = 105, actual score average is 71 or 68%, ideal score for every question is 5, actual score average for a question of respondent is 3,38 or 68%. Therefore, from score total for respondent can still be repaired or increased is 105 – 71 = 34 or 5 – 3,38 = 1,62 for average for respondent is 32 % or one step from good or very good.
Therefore, all of management components in which can be analyzed to table is as follow:
Table 3
Ideal Score of Integrated Apprentice Management
Component (N = 21)
Σ Ideal Score of All for each Respondent
Σ Ideal Score of All for each Question
_ ΣX Ideal Score Resp
_ Σ X Ideal Score for each question
Ideal Category
Total (%)
Planning (25 questions)
125 2625 105 5 Very Good 100 %
Realization (3 questions)
15 315 105 5 Very Good 100 %
Result (2 questions)
10 210 105 5 Very Good 100 %
Effect (4 questions)
20 420 105 5 Very Good 100 %
Feed back (4 questions)
20 420 105 5 Very Good 100 %
Devoplemnt (2 questions)
10 210 105 5 Very Good 100 %
Management (40 questions)
200 4200 105 5 Very Good 100 %
Table 4
Actual Score of Integrated Apprentice Management
Component
_ Σ X Actual Score Resp
_ ΣX Actual Score per question
Category Repaired score per Respondent
Repaired score per question
Percentage (%)
Planning 78 3,71 Good 27 1,29 26 %
Realization 71 3,38 Good 34 1,62 32 %
Result 79 3,8 Good 26 1,2 25 %
Effect 85 4,05 Vary good 20 0,95 19 %
Feed back 70,8 3,37 Good 34,2 1,63 33 %
Development 71 3,38 Good 34 1,62 32 %
Management 75,8 3,6 Good 29,2 1,4 28 %
Table 5
Ideal and Actual Score of Integrated Apprentice Management
Resp Σ Actual score
_
X (Average) Σ Ideal Score
_
X(Average ideal)
1 151 3.775 200 5
2 141 3.525 200 5
3 131 3.275 200 5
4 128 3.2 200 5
5 122 3.05 200 5
6 151 3.775 200 5
7 152 3.8 200 5
8 144 3.6 200 5
9 157 3.925 200 5
10 150 3.75 200 5
11 136 3.4 200 5
12 141 3.525 200 5
13 142 3.55 200 5
14 145 3.625 200 5
15 149 3.725 200 5
16 156 3.9 200 5
17 146 3.65 200 5
18 145 3.625 200 5
19 157 3.925 200 5
20 151 3.775 200 5
21 148 3.7 200 5
Σ 3043 144.905 4200 200
_ X
144.9 3.62262 200 5
Thus, management consists of 6 components as follow: (1) planning, (2) realization, (3) result, (4) effect, (5) feed back, and (6) development. Average score of management is 3, 6 or 75, 8. According to actual score is gotten 3, 6 and can be improved becoming ideal score is 5, 0. If it is accounted total average for all respondents 105-75, 8 = 29, 2 or 28%. Last result of this study showed that management of integrated apprentice is good category. To improve becoming ideal score, we have to repair some of management components.
Breafly, it can be concluded about recomendations for repairing of apprentice programs as follow:
1. Participants of apprentice need provisioning that is enough.
2. Offering of apprentice places that is usually used by apprentice participants.
3. Participants of apprentice need guidence book and guide.
4. Permit letter from the Dean must be made quickly.
5. MoU must be done between our institution and sport centers.
E. Discussion
Carrying out of apprentice activities as one of educational programs consist of some components, as follow: (1) instrumental input includes resources and facilities, (2) raw input includes students and their characteristics as well as family condition, (3) environmental input includes environmental factors such as regional, national, and international, (4) process includes interaction between input such as infrastructure and superstructure. (5) Other input includes supporting power such as IT (information technology), (6) impact includes result from students and alumnus.
Between theory and study result showed that a both is related to. Apprentice activities are an educational process or training in a setting of job or training center, therefore finally presenting process and information receive related to the activity places can bridge the students need. The students who follow the apprentice program will get guidence from instructure in sport center. Until the students will get some of experiences to prepare themselves into the real work.
F. Conclusion
This study explained about management and development of field work for alumnus Health and Recreation Department. As alumnus from the department, they can become not only physical education teachers but also as manager in sport centers.
According to data analysis showed that this study has answered some of research questions. Therefore, this study can be concluded as follow:
1. The students have determained some of activities in planning as follow: (a) determaining purpose = good, (b) strenght and weakness analysis = good, (c) opportunity and constraint analysis = good, (d) determaining of short term = very good, and (e) planning of activities = good. Those meant that field work participants have planned well of the integreted field work.
2. For field work, the students have implemented well of some of activities. They used technical approach and method. Implementation component is good category, however the score is fewer than planning.
3. By means of the field work the students have gotten good result including knowledge, attitude, and skill. Result component is good and the score is bigger than planning and implementation.
4. Effect of the field work is able to increase job readiness, self confidance, and feeling satisfied. Effect component is very good category and higher score than the other components.
5. Feed back is used by the students as to prepare or improve all of components in management for next cycle. Components of feed back is good category, however the score is lower than the all components.
6. Development of field work has been analyzed by the students to repair or increase all of component to the cycle. Development component is good category.
G. Recomendation
Some of recommendations on this study will give some input to decision making in our institution and sport centers, as follow:
1. To our lectures who involved on the field work must do meeting like workshop to design guidance book as student’s reference as well as the others.
2. Before doing of field work, the lectures must give the students the amount of capital provided.
3. After doing the field work, the students must make completely report and make list of sport center names.
4. Asking permit from the Dean must be done before going to the field, in order to be able do the task smoothly.
5. In order to be gotten the result maximum from the field, the students must be guided by the lectures and instructors. Certificate from sport center is very important as evidence that they have done apprentice program.
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