The 3rd International Conference on Islamic Epistemology
FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY (FINTECH) ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF LAW
AND SYARIAH ECONOMY PROCEEDING
Pr oceeding 3
rdInternati onal Confer ence on Islami c Epistemology
i
PROCEEDING
THE 3
rdINTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ISLAMIC EPISTEMOLOGY
THEME:
“Financial Technology (FINTECH) On The Perspective Of Law And Syariah Economy”
Jakarta, 8 October 2019
Publisher:
UAI Press 2019
ii
The 3
rdInternational Conference on Islamic Epistemology
Theme:
“Financial Technology (FINTECH)
On The Perspective of Law and Syariah Economy”
Copyright © 2019 by Center for Islamic Integration on Scientific Paradigm, University of Al-Azhar Indonesia.
All rights reserved. Abstracting is permitted with credit to the source. Library may photocopy the articles for private use of patrons in this proceedings publication. Copying in individual articles for non-commercial purposes is permitted without fee, provided that credit to the source is given. For other copying, reproduction, republication or translation of any part of the proceeding without permission in writing from the publisher is not permitted. The content of papers in the proceedings reflects the author’s opinions and not the responsibilities of the editors.
Editor
Dr. rer. nat Yunus Effendi, S.Pd., M.Si., M.Sc Dr. Dewi Elfidasari, S.Si., M.Si
Lay out
Muhammad Ridhwan, S.Ag., M.Ag Muhammad Guntoro Ismail, S.Sos Cover Design:
Maulana Romlih
Additional copies may be ordered from:
Center for Islamic Integration on Scientific Paradigm (PII-MKU) University of Al-Azhar Indonesia
Jl. Sisingamangaraja – Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan 12110
ISBN: 978-623-90930-6-8
Publisher
UAI Press 2019
Kompleks Masjid Agung Al Azhar, Jl. Sisingamangaraja,
Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan 12110 First Publication, 2019, 21 x 29,7; viii + 237
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The third ICIE 2019 is organized by Center for Islamic Integration on Scientific Paradigm, University of Al-Azhar Indonesia, in cooperation with International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT).
Advisor
Prof. Dr. Ir. Asep Saefuddin, M.Sc.
Steering Committee:
Prof. Dr. Agus Surono, SH., M.H Dr. Habib Chirzin, M.A
Prof. Dr. Nurhayati Djamas, M.A., M.Si Dr. Kuncoro Hadi, ST., M.Si
Dr. Yusup Hidayat, S.Ag., M.H Organizing Committee:
Muhammad Ridhwan, S.Ag., M.Ag Jumansyah S.E., M.Si
Dr. Fokky Fuad, S.H., M.Hum
Rizqi Maulida Amalia, S.Hum., M.Si Nila Fitria, S.Pd., M.Pd
Scientific Committee:
1. Prof. Dr. Nurhayati Djamas, M.A. M.Si
2. Dr. Habib Chirzin (Google Scholar, International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT)) 3. Prof. Muhamad Ali, Ph. D (Departement of Religious Studies, University of
California Riverside, Scopus ID: 56468450700)
4. Prof. Dr. Mulyadhi Kartanegara (Sultan Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Center for Islamic Studies, University of Brunei Darussalam, Scopus ID: 56712912300)
5. Prof. Dr. Sukron Kamil, M.A., (Senior Lecturer of Faculty of Adab and Humanities, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta)
6. Prof. Ismail Suardi Wekke, Ph.D. (Senior Lecturer of STAIN Sorong, Scopus ID:
35076859100)
7. Prof. Dr. Abdul Mujib, M.Ag (Faculty of Psychology, the State Islamic University
“Syarif Hidayatullah” Jakarta)
8. Ir. Hidayat Yorianta Sasaerila, Ph.D. (Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Al Azhar Indonesia, Scopus ID: 7801690689)
9. Dr. M. Nur Rianto Al Arif, S.E., M.Si (Faculty of Economic and Business – UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Scopus ID: 57200389941)
10. Ahmad Najib Burhani, Ph.D. (Institute of South East Asian Studies, Singapore, Scopus ID: 45861172800)
11. Dr. Nita Noriko, MS (Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Al Azhar Indonesia)
12. Hilman Latief, M.A., Ph.D. (Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta, Scopus ID:
36602728800)
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University of Al Azhar Indonesia, Scopus ID: 36344505400)
15. Dr. Mufti Abdul Kareem (Faculty of Shariah & Law, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan)
16. Dr. Dewi Elfidasari, M.Sc (Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Al Azhar Indonesia)
17. Dr. Suparji, SH., M.H. (Faculty of Law, University of Al Azhar Indonesia)
18. Dr. Muhammad Mushtaq Ahmad (Director General Shariah Academy, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan)
19. Dr. Irwa Rochimah Zarkasi, M.Si. (Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Al Azhar Indonesia)
20. Dr. Ade Jamal (Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Al Azhar Indonesia, Scopus ID: 56085754400)
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First of all, we would like to thank to Allah SWT. as we all know, this 3 International Conference on Islamic Epistemology (ICIE 2019) has been held on 8 October 2019 in the Auditorium Arifin Panigoro University Al-Azhar of Indonesia, located at Jakarta, Indonesia.
This Third International Conference on Islamic Epistemology is conducted through the cooperation between Center for Islamic Integration on Scientific Paradigm, University of Al- Azhar Indonesia (PII-MKU) and the International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) with the basis of similar mission in developing Islamic epistemology into scientific paradigm. The first symposium which has also been conducting through the cooperation of PII-MKU and IIIT as the first program and it has used the theme Islamic epistemology from the perspective of modern scientific paradigm.
We have received more than 32 abstracts. The paper selection process was based on full paper submissions. We thank to all authors who have contributed and participated in presenting their works at this conference. We also gratefully acknowledge the important review supports provided by the scientific members of the program committee. Their efforts were crucial to the success of the conference.
More than 300 persons from Indonesia, Australia, and Malaysia and some ambassadors from various countries have been participated in this conference. About 25 presentations including 6 invited talks were presented during the conference. From 32 abstracts submitted during the conference, 20 papers were accepted for publication after peer reviews.
We would like to express our deepest gratitude and honor to Dr. Habib Chirzin as the co Chairman of IIIT Indonesia Chapter. Also we would like to express our respectful appreciation to all speakers, particularly to Keynote Speakers, HE. Mr. Ibrahim Ali Shoukry from Islamic Development Bank (IDB) and Wimboh Santoso, S.E., M.Sc., Ph.D from Commissioner Board of OJK Indonesia, also Prof. Dr. Sonny Zulhuda from International Islamic University Malaysia at Kuala Lumpur Malaysia who has presented “Financial Technology Regulated System and Its Benefit for the Maslahat of Ummah”, and also to the speaker, Mr. Sajid Bokhari from National Australia Bank Limited, Australia, who has presented “Fintech Opportunities for the Halal Industry" and also Dr. Sapta Nirwandar from the Indonesia Halal Lifestyle Center, Indonesia who has presented under the topic “Halal Lifestyle in the Era of Financial Technology”, and also to Mr. Mohd. Yazrie bin Mohd.
Shukri as enterpreneur and Founder YAZ Venture who has presented under the topic
“Industrial Revolution 4.0: A Wake Up (and alarming) Call For The Ummah”.
Finally, we also deliver our gratitude to all who have supported this conference. Thank to all sponsors, all participants, our Rector, all of civitas academica UAI and to all of committees who have assisted the success of this conference.
Billahi taufiq wal hidayah.
Wassalaamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh,
Head of Center for Islamic Integration on Scientific Paradigm
Prof. Dr. Nurhayati Djamas, M.A., M.Si
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LIST OF CONTENTS
Committee ... iii
Preface... v
List of Contents ... vii
Abstracts ... 1
The Village Owned Enterprise in Economic Islamic Perspective: Islamic Economy Study According to Al-Ghazali, by Suartini, Syafrizal ... 19
Application of Regulation and Completion of Fintech Dispute in Legal Certainty, by Suparji Ahmad, Aris Machmud ... 29
Fintech and Sharia Transactions (Study of Go-Pay Law), by Syariful, Indah Fatmawati, Indra Sumantri ... 39
Konsep Wakaf Crowdfunding untuk Pendanaan Lembaga Pendidikan Swasta Islam yang Terjangkau dan Berkualitas, by Lindiawatie ... 51
Refleksivitas Nilai Islam dalam Shalat pada Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah, by Roikhan Mochamad Aziz, Rahma Yunita ... 59
Titik Singgung Regulasi Fintech dan Perkembangan Fiqh Kontemporer dalam Masyarakat Indonesia, by Melani Darman ... 69
Financial Technology and Micro Aspect of Falah, by Jumansyah, Kuncoro Hadi ... .77
Analyzing Indonesia’s Diplomacy in the Global Halal Industry Competition 2014 - 2019, by Yasmi Adriansyah, R. Mokhamad Luthfi ... 85
The Perceptions of Merchants of Cipulir Wholesale Market on Electronic Transactions, by Adelia Dwiartyani, et. al, ... 101
The Clustering of Consumer Halal Awareness Case: Cosmetic Products, by Hanny Nurlatifah, Shohibul Imam, Firsan Nova ... 123
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Protection Toward Indonesian Undocumented Migrant Workers from Exploitation, by Akhmad Ikraam, Zul Karnen ... 149 Prevention of Corruption in the Perspective of Islamic Criminal Law, by Siti Farhani ... 157 The Influence of Using Gadgets for Character’s Development in Early Childhood Education and Development (PAUD), by Adolf Bastian, Nurhikmah Sasna Junaidi ... 167 Character Education Model for Gen Z in the 4.0 Industrial Revolution Era, by Syarifah Ida Farida, Iskandar Zulkarnain ... 177 Islamic Education Model for Preparing Generations in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 at Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia (UAI), by Tata Septayuda Purnama ... 189
The Prophetic Guidance of Youth Education in Industry Revolution 4.0 Era, by Bahrul Ulum... 201
Masyarakat Muslim Hui di Tiongkok dalam Identitas Budaya Stuart Hall, by Anitasa Dewi ... 217
Eksistensi Islamic Center dan Pandangan Masyarakat Jepang Terhadap Islam, by Sandra Herlina ... 225
Author Index ... 236
ISBN Number: 978-623-90930-6-8
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CONFIGURATION POINT OF FINTECH REGULATION AND CONTEMPORARY FIQH DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
COMMUNITY (A STUDY OF SOCIO LEGAL RESEARCH)
Melani Darman1
1Dosen Universitas Esa Unggul Jakarta Indonesia Email: [email protected]
Abstract
The development of technology brings humans in many ways of life. The ease can appear in the form of outward, or inward. Online financial service providers, or better known as fintech (financial technology) have become part of meeting these needs, especially in the financial sector. Since 2010 fintech has been known in many countries, and in the end of 2015 a new fintech is rife in Indonesia. OJK as the financial authority has also issued regulations governing the existence of these financial activities. In Indonesia, economic activity will also intersect with the Ulama Fatwa, MUI. Muslims as the community with the largest percentage of population in Indonesia, MUI must provide guidelines and guidance to Muslims in economic activities. Following OJK's steps, in 2017 and 2018 MUI has also issued a Fatwa regarding the fintech. Among Muslim businesspeople, the rules of the two institutions certainly become a reference in doing business. Where is the regulatory point of contact of OJK and MUI? How can the regulations of this institution provide convenience as well as protection of the rights of the community? In this study, the authors used the socio legal research method. The author collects regulations regarding fintech as primary legal material, and then examines their application in society. There are still many improvements that must be made in OJK and MUI regulations in regulating the fintech. The ability of the community to deal with the phenomenon of fintech is also very weak.
Keywords: fintech syariah; contemporary fiqh, fatwa of DSN MUI; OJK Regulation
THE CLUSTERING OF CONSUMER HALAL AWARENESS CASE: COSMETIC PRODUCTS
Hanny Nurlatifah* 1, Shohibul Imam 1, Firsan Nova2
1Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Al Azhar Indonesia, Indonesia
2Faculty of Economic, Darma Persada University, Indonesia Email: [email protected]
ISBN Number: 978-623-90930-6-8
2 Abstract
The needs of Muslim consumers for halal products have become a concern of many parties, especially in the food and beverage category, but along with the times and trends, the current trend has begun to target the needs of other products such as cosmetic products and medicines. Currently, there has been an increase in the number of halal products and certificates; this condition needs to be accompanied by initial mapping to get an idea of the condition of consumer awareness of the existence of halal cosmetics. This paper aims to determine the consumer characteristics of cosmetic products based on demographic characteristics and to determine the level of consumer Halal Awareness on halal cosmetic products. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with 200 respondents with various demographic characteristics and were cosmetic users and were processed using cluster analysis. The results obtained there are four types of consumer groups depending on the average age and monthly expenditure. The level of interest in the selection of products with halal labels is very high for respondents who have lower expenditure than the average respondent. The halal awareness category is seen from the religion belief level.
The respondent has a positive response except for young respondents and having high expenditure has varied results. In the Role of Certification, exposure and health reason indicators, almost all respondents had the same positive response.
Keywords: Halal Awareness; Cosmetic Product; Consumer Behavior
FOOD SAFETY AND HALAL GUARANTEE OF FOOD PRODUCTS
Hadi Peristiwo1
1Program Pascasarjana S3 Manajemen Halal, UIN Walisongo Semarang Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Globalization and free trade today has an increasing impact on the circulation of food and beverage products both locally and imported in the community. Food and beverage products circulating in the community may not necessarily give a sense of security, comfort, security and are suitable for consumption by Muslim consumers, because Islamic law requires Muslims to consume halal food and drinks according to Islamic law. Halal food product guarantee becomes important considering the progress of science and technology in the fast developing food sector. This significantly affects the shift in processing and utilization of raw materials for food, beverages and other products from what was originally simple and natural to the processing and utilization of raw materials resulting from scientific engineering. Food safety and halal guarantee of food products is a necessity that is very dynamic and develops in accordance with the demands of consumers. Demands for food safety and halal guarantees for food products will
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force suppliers and producers to meet the standards required in the production and distribution process. Halal certification as a comprehensive quality assurance system can be used to win market competition in meeting the halal needs of consumers.
Keywords: Food Safety, Halal Guarantee, Food Products
WEST NUSA TENGGARA HALAL TOURISM RESEARCH APPROACH
Nurul Huda*1, Nova Rini 2, Muslikh3, and Slamet Hidayat4
1) Universitas YARSI, Jl. Letjend Suprapto No.1, Cempaka Putih, Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia, Telp. +62812-9076-274; [email protected]
2) STIE Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Jl. Minangkabau No. 60, Manggarai, Jakarta Selatan, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia,Telp. +62817-6094-259; [email protected]
3) Universitas YARSI, Jl. Letjend Suprapto No.1, Cempaka Putih, Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia, Telp. +62815-8876-942
4) Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya, Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia, Telp. +62812- 9797-0995; [email protected]
*Corresponding author : [email protected]
Abstract.
The development of halal tourism in Indonesia is still far from expectations. The purpose of this study is to explore the problems, solutions and strategies relating to halal tourism in West Nusa Tenggara from the aspect of government, community and hotel, travel and food. This research is a qualitative research. The method used is the Analytic Networking Process (ANP) using Super Decision Software. The results of the study showed that the priority problems in the development of halal tourism in West Nusa Tenggara from the government aspect were the Brand, Specification of Rules, and Standarization. Priority problems from the aspect of community are Knowledge, Cleanliness, and Information.
Priority issues from aspects of hotel, travel, and halal food are Halal Food, Promotion, and Sharia Hotels. The strategy model to overcome the problem of developing halal tourism in West Nusa Tenggara is in the areas of Promotion, Synergy, and Hotels, Travel, Halal Food.
Keywords : Problems, Solutions, Strategies, Halal Tourism
APPLICATION OF REGULATION AND COMPLETION OF FINTECH DISPUTE IN LEGAL CERTAINTY
Suparji Ahmad1, Aris Machmud2,
1Lecturer. Al Azhar University of Indonesia
2Student, Master Program of Al Azhar University of Indonesia
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Email:[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract
Financial Technology (fintech) is developing rapidly compared to its legal arrangements, the benefits of fintech being a solution for financial inclusion for most people who are not access to bank both individuals and MSMEs, the development of the fintech industry has not been in line with the Acts and regulations, as for the formulation of the problem in this paper is How Certainty Act in the Fintech Industry in Indonesia Based on Existing Regulations ?; What about Bank Indonesia Regulations and OJK Regulations in the fintech industry in the P2P Sector ?; How to Settle Disputes in the Finteh Industry in Indonesia. The methodology used is normative juridical approach to the theory of legal certainty, Bank Indonesia Regulation No. 19/12/PBI/2017 concerning financial technology.
FSA Regulation Number 77/POJK.01/2016 concerning Borrowing and Lending Services based on Electronic Transactions as legal protection in this fintech industry, but to ensure legal certainty it is necessary to have a legal level at the Act level and dispute resolution through a small court to resolve this fintech dispute.
Keyword: Fintech, Small Court Resolution, Legal Certainty
THE INFLUENCE OF 5 TIMES PRAYER TO MENTAL HEALTH
M. Azzam Muhtadi,1 Rizqi Maulida Amalia2
1,2University of Al Azhar Indonesia
Abstract
Mental health is the key to one's happiness which includes physical, emotional, spiritual health ... Zikrullaah which is the essence of prayer worship has a relationship with peace of heart which is the essence of mental health (Surah Ar- Ra'du: 28). This study to find out how much the influence of the discipline of the obligatory five-time prayer on the mental health of Al Azhar University Indonesia students. Based on the results of the regression analysis, five-time compulsory prayer discipline factors with mental health have a significant and direct effect (sig = 0.029 / R = 0.388) with a level of influence of 62.3% (R Square = 0.623).
PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC CRIMINAL LAW
Siti Farhani1
1Lecturer of University of Al Azhar Indonesia
ISBN Number: 978-623-90930-6-8
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Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Corruption is an extraordinary crime that is very influential on the stability of the country's economy, because corruption acts against the joints of the country's economy that can destroy the Indonesian nation slowly and surely. Because corruption is a criminal act that is systemic and detrimental to sustainable development, it requires preventive measures at the national and international levels. In order to carry out the prevention and eradication of corruption that is efficient and effective it is necessary to support good governance management and international cooperation including the return of assets originating from criminal acts of corruption. Because it is said that corruption is an extra ordinary crime, therefore extraordinary legal efforts are needed to eradicate corruption. One of them is by conducting studies on efforts to tackle corruption from various disciplines, one of which is in the perspective of Islamic criminal law. This research will try to assess the needs and quality of efforts to eradicate corruption in Indonesia from the perspective of Islamic criminal law. The results of this research are expected to provide input to resolve problems regarding efforts to tackle corruption in another perspective, namely from the perspective of Islamic criminal law.
Keywords: Corruption, Criminal Law, Islamic Law Perspective, Corruption Eradication.
ENTREPRENEURS LIABILITY OF APPLICATION OF HYGIENE SANITATION WARRANTIES HALAL ON FOOD
PRODUCTS IN BANDA ACEH
Sri Walny Rahayu1, Siti Rahma2
1Faculty of Law Syiah Kuala University, 2 Alumni Faculty of Law Syiah Kuala University Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Implementation of the kaffah Islamic Shariah in Aceh as a special privilege and a recognized and respected as stipulated by Article 18 B (1) 1945. It obliges the Government of Aceh to supervise the circulation and trade of halal food products and guaranteed hygiene sanitation when traded and reached consumers. However, in practice, Banda Aceh City Government has not been maximally carried out the supervision of food businesses with standardized halal guarantee in hygiene sanitation and following applicable laws and regulations. Whereas since 2016, the city of Banda Aceh has been used as a halal tourism destination. The purposes of the study are to explain the implementation of the arrangement and supervision of the obligations of entrepreneurs in providing halal food product guarantees in Banda Aceh and to explain the constraints of food businesses in implementing hygiene sanitation related to food production and processing associated with the
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implementation of Islamic Sharia. This research is normative juridical, focusing on examining the application of positive law. Normative juridical research, in the 21st century, can and must utilize the results of empirical research studies.
However, its status as an auxiliary science (hulp wetenschap), which is intended for the analysis and explanation of law without changing the character of law as a normative science. The main research data is called secondary data from the research library, with a conceptual approach. Secondary data collection techniques (primary, secondary and tertiary legal material) are done by deductive-qualitative thinking that produces descriptive data, which provides an overview of the facts in practice. Conclusions are drawn from the general nature of being concrete, answering the problem of the obligations of business operators to guarantee halal food products and the application of hygiene sanitation in Banda Aceh, as well as recommendations on these problems.
Keywords: Obligations of Entrepreneurs, Halal Food, Hygiene Sanitation, Banda Aceh.
THE INFLUENCE OF USING GADGETS FOR
CHARACTER’S DEVELOPMENT IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT (PAUD)
Adolf Bastian1*, Nurhikmah Sasna Junaidi2
1FKIP Universitas Lancang Kuning, Pekanbaru, Riau
2FKIP Universitas Pasir Pengaraian, Kab. Rokan Hulu, Riau
*Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Nowdays, The use of gadgets is a very complex problem in the community, especially for young children. The 4.0 industrial revolution which is currently a hot topic in education today has caused one of them with the use of gadgets to be a major problem in society regarding the formation of its character. The characters formed in early childhood education are religious, responsible, disciplined, communicative/friendly, independent, creative, curiosity, and tolerance. The purpose of this study was to determine the character development in early childhood which was influenced by the use of gadgets. The research used a quantitative descriptive method via scoring and percentage. From the result of this research, it was eight characters that were applied in learning for early childhood in PAUD. There were five characters with the lowest scores, namely religious, communicative/friendly, tolerance, responsible, and intelligence with unfavorable fair criteria. It could be concluded that the use of gadgets is very influence in the formation of character in early childhood, because early childhood is the golden generation of a nation to advance.
ISBN Number: 978-623-90930-6-8
7 Keywords: character, gadget, young children.
ONLINE LOANS AS A LIFESTYLE FOR WEAK ECONOMIC URBAN (MASLAHAH AND MUDHARAT IN ISLAMIC LAW)
Rizka1
1Lecturre of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This article aims to evaluate Fintech or Financial Technology which is an ideal collaboration between financial services and digital technology. This collaboration presents a new ecosystem that is so easy and certainly fast as its main attraction. Loans or credit that are actually unsecured plus are very easy to become a separate phenomenon among young people in urban areas in particular.
Methodology: This research was conducted using descriptive normative study methods. As a secondary legal material, this writing draws on literature, papers, journals and research related to this writing.
Main Findings: the trigger for Fintech's boom, which turned out not only to be due to economic hardship but the dominance of people's behavior and technological development was a primary spark. The dominance of the purpose of utilizing funds from Fintech is more on fulfilling lifestyle and satisfying desires, not needs.
Applications of this study: This study can provide benefits for the government in reviewing the Financial Services Authority (OJK) policy in issuing permits for peer to peer lending fintech services.
Novelty / Originality of this study: about maslahah and fintech mudharat as online loans in the midst of financial difficulties experienced by many economically weak urbanites
Keywords: online loans, fintech, weak economy
EKSISTENSI ISLAMIC CENTER DAN PANDANGAN MASYARAKAT JEPANG TERHADAP ISLAM
Sandra Herlina1
1Japanese Studies Program at Al Azhar Indonesia
Abstract
Penelitian ini membahas mengenai keberadaan Islamic Center di tengah-tengah masyarakat Jepang yang mayoritas penganut kepercayaan Shinto. Tujuan penelitian tersebut untuk mengetahui dan memahami sejauh mana eksistensi
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Islamic Center Jepang dalam peranannya mengembangkan peradaban Islam di Jepang serta sikap masyarakat sekitar dalam menanggapi munculnya Islam.
Permasalahan yang ada dalam penelitian ini adalah belum terdapat informasi mengenai eksistensi salah satu Islamic Center Jepang di Setagaya-Ku Tokyo dalam peranannya mengembangkan peradaban Islam pada tahun 1970-an sampai sekarang serta sikap masyarakat sekitar dalam menanggapi munculnya Islam.Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Struktural Fungsional dan teori Sosiologi Agama menurut Emile Durkheim. Dalam menganalisis permasalahan, penulis menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif yaitu metode penulisan dengan cara mengumpulkan data, mengolah data, menganalisis, dan menginterpretasikan. Hal tersebut diteliti dengan pembahasan teratur dan sistematis, ditutup dengan kesimpulan dan pemberian saran sesuai kebutuhan. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah eksistensi Islamic Center dilihat dari tiga komponen, yaitu komponen fisik melalui bangunan fisik, komponen pendukung melalui tokoh-tokoh yang mengelola, dan komponen fungsi melalui program-program terkait Islamic Center. Selain itu juga terdapat perbedaan konsep dasar dalam kepercayaan yang menyebabkan Islam sulit diterima di Jepang sehingga keberadaan Islamic Center di masyarakat Jepang hanya untuk umat muslim di Jepang yang sebagian besar adalah warga pendatang dari negara- negara muslim.
Kata kunci: kepercayaaan orang Jepang ( Shinto ) Islamic Center Jepang, Islam
CHARACTER EDUCATION MODEL FOR GEN Z IN THE 4.0 INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ERA
Syarifah Ida Farida1, Iskandar Zulkarnain2
1Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia
2Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia
*Email: [email protected]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to create a character education model for Gen Z in the 4.0 Industrial Revolution Era. The method used in this research is a qualitative method, with literature studies. This research is focused on Gen Z prefers something more simple, self-submission totally on technology, bored easily, there will be different hope with previous generation. Therefore, there are some approaches of character education model to Gen Z in the 4.0 Industrial Revolution Era namely family, school, society and the whole aspects of life that have positive aspects. All of them will give a positive impact for next generation.
In addition, Seven tips for character building in schools and students 1) Pillars of Character; 2) Your Rules Set the Tone; 3) Encourage Good Role Models; 4) Insist on Respect; 5) Build a Caring Community; 6) Volunteerism; 7) Character in Action.
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Keywords: model, education, character and Gen Z
FINTECH AND SHARIA TRANSACTIONS (STUDY OF GO-PAY LAW)
Syariful1, Indah Fatmawati2, Indra Sumantri3
1Lecturer. Al Azhar University of Indonesia
2,3 Student, Undergraduate Program of Al Azhar University of Indonesia Email: [email protected]
Abstract
This paper is that there are differences of opinion regarding the Gopay transaction agreement. Opinion that forbids Gopay, states that the Gopay TopUp contract is a debt agreement where the customer gives debt to Gojek and because every benefit arising from the debt is haraam, then the discount Gopay is haram so that Gopay is haram if there is a difference with physical cash payments. Opinions that allow Gopay, by looking at the provisions provided by the motorcycle, the contract is not a debt receivable, but an immediate payment of the ijarah contract. This is based on the provisions, Gopay is a wallet to pay for all transactions in the Gojek application and Gopay cannot be cashed or returned. That is, the motorcycle taxi does not accept the cancellation of the contract, for those who have already purchased a Gopay voucher. This condition is different from the loan receivable contract. In a loan agreement, the money we give to the recipient of the debt must be returned, and as long as the money is still there, it will not be forfeited until it is repaid.
Keywords: FinTech, Gopay, Sharia Law
SIFAT FISIK, KIMIAWI DAN TERMAL GELATIN- TERMODIFIKASI DARI SISIK IKAN KAKAP MERAH
(Lutjanus sp.): PENGARUH WAKTU EKSTRAKSI
Meliana Wahyuningtyas1, Lukman Atmaja1,*, Palanisamy Thanikaivelan2, Ida Idayu Muhamad3
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
2Advanced Materials Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
3Bioprocess & Polymer Engineering Department, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310, Malaysia
Email: [email protected], phone : 00-62-31-5943353
Abstrak
Variabilitas kualitas gelatin yang bergantung pada kondisi ekstraksi terus menarik perhatian para peneliti untuk mendapatkan produk substituen gelatin
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mamalia dengan aplikasi yang luas. Penelitian lanjutan ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kisaran kondisi optimum dari variasi waktu ekstraksi yang mana selanjutnya diterapkan untuk mengetahui kualitas gelatin baik secara fisik, kimiawi dan termal. Kondisi optimum prosedur ekstraksi berdasarkan parameter gelatin komersial - yakni kekutaan gel, yang diperoleh adalah dengan menggunakan pre-treatment CH3COOH dengan waktu ekstraksi 6 jam, dimana kondisi tersebut menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 18.49 ± 0.12 %, kadar air sebesar 9.26 ± 0.00 %, pH sebesar 5.81 ± 0.01, viskositas sebesar 7.06 ± 0.24 cP dan kekuatan gel sebesar 279.6 g Bloom. Gelatin yang diperoleh berhasil terkonfirmasi gugus fungsi penyusunnya menggunakan spektra FT-IR. Sifat termalnya dikarakterisasi menggunakan Differential Scanning Calorimeter - Thermogravimetric analysis (DSC-TGA), yang mana memiliki keterkaitan dengan berat molekul dan komposisi asam aminonya. Gelatin optimum yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini dapat digolongkan sebagai gelatin high-Bloom.
Kata kunci : Gelatin, pre-treatment asam, sisik ikan, waktu ekstrasi
KONSEP WAKAF CROWDFUNDING UNTUK PENDANAAN LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN SWASTA ISLAM YANG
TERJANGKAU DAN BERKUALITAS
Lindiawatie1
1Pendidikan Ekonomi, Universitas Indraprasta PGRI Jakarta Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Obtaining and receiving education in Islamic educational institutions at affordable and quality is the hope of every Muslim family. But unfortunately not all Muslim families are able to send their children to these Islamic education institutions because it is very expensive and it is difficult to reach. On the other hand, Islamic educational institutions also require a huge expense to organize the process of teaching-learning activities. Therefore it is necessary to look for the concept of mutual funding in cooperation from a group of Muslims for Muslims for the advancement of Islamic education in particular. The way to raise funds which is commonly done abroad and recently developed in Indonesia at present is crowdfunding. This paper discusses the concept of collecting funds through waqf crowdfunding platform. The methodology is the study of the literature of various journals. The result is the concept of waqf crowdfunding involving website manager, a group of Muslim individuals who will donate waqf and The Islamic private educational institutions association as the founder who have project. The principle is that all Muslims from various groups can donate waqf at a very affordable nominal value through the crowdfunding waqf platform.
Keywords : Waqf, Crowdfunding, Education
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THE PERCEPTIONS OF MERCHANTS OF CIPULIR WHOLESALE MARKET ON ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS
Adelia Dwiartyani1, Ahmad Reza Almubarok2, Feirza Syarif3, Ayu Wasandra4, Rifa Nurul Ramadhaniaty5 dan Masni Erika Firmiana6
1,2,3,4,5,6 Prodi Psikologi, Fakultas Psikologi dan Pendidikan Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia, Email: [email protected]
Abstract
The development of technology in trading sector provides many novel conveniences in transactions. Such development also impacts the payment transactions that are now leading to cashless or electronic payment, and simultaneously, the monetary cashless circulation has increased in various sectors.
Traditional market is one of the places to shop that is favored by Indonesians. In the DKI Jakarta area, there is quite a big market and has become an icon for wholesale clothing shopping, which is Cipulir Wholesale Market. The number of transactions and the level of sales that occur in this market is estimated to have reached billions of rupiah. However, the existence of new technology cannot be directly accepted easily by the public. Traders at Cipulir Wholesale Market still indulge themselves in cash transactions and reluctant to the use of electronic payment systems. This study aims to know the perception of traders in Cipulir wholesale market about cashless transaction. This research applies the descriptive- qualitative research technique intended to obtain information about perceptions of cashless payment systems at Cipulir Wholesale Market. The results of this study indicate that traders perceived electronic transactions as useless, uneasy to use, and prone to risks. This study may serve as the preliminary study to conduct quantitative research using TAM theory to explain this phenomenon in more concrete manners.
Keywords: Perception, TAM, Cipulir Wholesale Market
PROTECTION TOWARD INDONESIAN UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANT WORKERS FROM EXPLOITATION
Akhmad Ikraam1, Zul Karnen2
1,2 Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Indonesia as one of the biggest countries that has migrantworkers working throughout the world. A large number of Indonesian Workers are placed in Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Hong Kong, and other countries. The United Nations defines migrant workers as people who are involved or have been involved in
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activities paid outside of their home countries. However, most factual cases show that many Indonesian Workers work outside Indonesia without complete documents. Migration is a phenomenon that has occurred for centuries since the time of human civilization. The global agenda views labor migration as an inseparable process of development, which makes migration a positive potential to support development. At present, the issue of migrant workers is considered in a political and economic perspective. Economic aspects are one of the many factors that influence people to work abroad. Based on the explanation above, we can conclude that undocumented migrant workers are people who work outside their own country without documents or legal status. They carry out their work outside their own country without being equipped with a supporting document from their home country and permission from the country where they work. The phenomenon of undocumented migrant workers is very important because this group of people always increases every year. The number of undocumented migrant workers always increases due to various factors. There are two main factors that cause people to become undocumented migrant workers. The first is internal factors, this is a factor that occurs due to one's own wishes from people who want to become undocumented migrant workers such as economic problems, legal obstacles, difficult requirements to become migrant workers and so on that make people intentionally cross the country. the border to come to the recipient country and work there without documents, or intentionally follow unauthorized migrant worker agents to work abroad, or go abroad on other visas and then work there without official work documents. This makes them initially become undocumented migrant workers because they have arrived in the destination country. The second is external factors, these factors are different from internal factors, because these factors come from other parties not people who are undocumented migrant workers like us, they are victims of trafficking or agents of migrant workers without permission. Without knowing the fact that they are sold to their employers, they run away from their employers without official documents, they continue to work after their visas expire and are not extended, and so on.
Keywords: Indonesian Workers. Human rights. International law
ANALYZING INDONESIA’S DIPLOMACY
IN THE GLOBAL HALAL INDUSTRY COMPETITION 2014 - 2019
Yasmi Adriansyah1, R. Mokhamad Luthfi,2
1,2 International Relations Department, University of Al Azhar Indonesia Email: [email protected]
Abstract
This research is driven by the fact that Indonesia is lagging-behind in the halal industry when compared to other countries, both with other majority Muslim-
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majority countries or even when compared to non-Muslim countries. This condition is contrary to the status of Indonesia as the most populous Muslim country that has the need to guarantee halal products for various commodities.
This research therefore attempts to examine the implementation of Indonesia's foreign policy and diplomacy in the global halal industry competition. The research are also expected to be an input for the formulation of policies on the development of the halal industry, particularly those that are export-oriented and Indonesia's foreign policy and diplomacy in promoting the Indonesian halal industry in the world. This research applies the concepts of Foreign Policy and Diplomacy as the analytical tools that observe and analyze the set of actions in the form of objectives, commitments and directions determined towards multi- actors that have links with the global halal industry in Indonesia. The research uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection mostly by collecting various policy documents produced by foreign policy makers. The research explains about the map of the global halal industry, Indonesia's foreign policy and diplomacy in terms of the global halal industry in the period 2014-2019, and analyze how actors and policies made or implemented in that period. Finally, the research results show that there were minimum grounds of national halal policy implementation and there were not much policy initiatives from the relevant ministries in regards to how Indonesia compete at the global halal industry.
Keywords: Indonesia, Diplomacy, Halal, Industry, Competition
REFLEKSIVITAS NILAI ISLAM DALAM SHALAT PADA BANK PEMBIAYAAN RAKYAT SYARIAH
Roikhan Mochamad Aziz1, Rahma Yunita2
1Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
2HAHSLM Institute Email: [email protected]
__________________________________________________________________
Abstract
This study aims to measure the level of efficiency and effectiveness of Islamic Rural Banks (BPRS) use Hahslm method with Islamic value to calculate the effectiveness level of each BPRS. The input variables used in this study are personnel and mudharabah deposits. The output variables used in this research are operating income and financing. The results of this study indicate that the value of efficiency each Sharia Rural Bank experienced 100% efficiency level and also experienced inefficiency in certain period. This study also presents the recommended value to address the inefficiency of the BPRS. The result of effectiveness with Islamic value has its own distinction in each BPRS.
Keywords: Reflexivity; Efficiency; Effectiveness; BPRS; Islam; HAHSLM
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THE VILLAGE OWNED ENTERPRISE IN ECONOMIC ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE: ISLAMIC ECONOMY STUDY
ACCORDING TO AL-GHAZALI
Suartini 1*, Syafrizal 2
1 Faculty of Law, Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia
2 Faculty of Law, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang
* E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
The Role of Village-Owned Enterprises, commonly referred to (as Badan Usaha Milik Desa), since the birth of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning The Villages has become very popular in rural communities, the policy was born with the desire to make village communities independent, because the village is a government whose level is under direct local government come into contact with the community. The purpose of the Village-Owned Enterprises in the framework of welfare of the village community when associated with what Al-Ghazali thinking about the function of Islamic social welfare which emphasizes economic development as part of social duties and obligations (Fard al Kifayah) so that the relationship between the Village-Owned Enterprises and thoughts about Islamic social welfare this is interesting to study. This normative research uses a conceptual approach by interpreting Islamic economic thought that was initiated by Al-Ghazali with the concept of Village-Owned Enterprises. The results of this study are expected to be able to describe the relationship between the Islamic economy and the thinking of the welfare function in the thinking of Al Ghazali with the Village Owned Enterprises that are able to realize national welfare.
Keywords : Village-Owned Enterprises, Islamic economic.
ISLAMIC EDUCATION MODEL FOR PREPARING GENERATIONS IN THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0
AT UNIVERSITAS AL AZHAR INDONESIA (UAI)
Tata Septayuda Purnama1
1Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Al Azhar Indonesia Email: [email protected]
Abstract
The Industrial Revolution 4.0, encourages university, lecturers, and students to be based on digital technology. The rapid development of technology today has made the world more narrow and globalized, thus making life competition between individuals and groups increasingly stringent. This situation allegedly can lead to
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the bending of religious values, individual personalities, and the morality of a nation's society. This era requires quality education, which not only fills in the cognitive aspects, but also requires the formation of personality and character aspects. One of them through Islamic education is gradually instilled in humans, so as leading to the recognition of God. Islamic religious education plays an important role in controlling the power of industry 4.0 through higher education di Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia (UAI). The result of this research is that Islamic epistemology and scientific education at university becomes active, because the education functions to conduct behavioral experiences through teaching-learning, training and exemplary processes, which are in accordance with the ethics of religious education.
Keywords: Islamic education, interdisciplinary subjects, curriculum
ةعبارلا ةيعانصلا ةروثلا رصع يف بابشلا ةيبرت يف يوبنلا يدهلا
THE PROPHETIC GUIDANCE OF YOUTH EDUCATION IN INDUSTRY REVOLUTION 4.0 ERA
مولعلا رحب
1( )
(UAI) [email protected]
ثحبلا ص ّخلم
ىلإ غولبلا دعب ام حوارتت يتلا ةيرمعلا ةلحرملا ةيبرت يف يوبنلا يدهلاا زربإ ىلإ ةساردلا هذه فدهت ةفيرشلا ةيوبنلا ثيداحلأا للاخ نم بابشلاب فرعي ام وأ ،ابيرقت ةنس نيثلاث نس .
ةساردلا هذه زّكرتو
لوسرلا ةيبرت ىلع
موهفم ديدحت ثحابلا لواح ،فادهلأا هذه قيقحت لجأ نمو ةئفلا هذهل هتياعرو
يبنلا جهنم شقانتو ،ثحبلا تاحلطصم
هتاياعرو بابشلا ةيبرت يف .
بتكب ةساردلا تناعتساو
كلذو هدادعإ متي فيكو بابشلا ةلحرملا ةيبرت يف ةعبتملا جهانملاو بيلاسلأا ىلع ءوضلا ءاقللإ ؛ةيثيدحلا وكتل ةعبارلا ةيعانصلا ةروثلا لظ يف رضاحلا نيبرملل اجذومن ن .
ةساردلا هذه ةعيبط تضتقا امك
يهو ،ةثلاث جهانم مادختسا :
ثيداحلأا ليلحت يف يفصولا جهنملاو ،يليلحتلا جهنملاو ،يئارقتسلاا جهنملا
اهدئاوف طابنتساو .
وه بابشلا ةيبرت يف يوبنلا يدهلا نم نأ ىلإ ةساردلا تلصوت دقو ىلع بابشلا ةيبرت
،اهنم نوبستكي يتلا ةفيرشلا ةفرحلا بابشلا ميلعتو ،قلاخلأا ىلع ةيبرتلاو ،ةدابعلاو ةحيحصلا ةديقعلا راكتبلااو عادبلإا ةيمنت ىلع ةيبرتلاو .
ةيحاتفملا تاملكلا :
ةعبارلا ةيعانصلا ةروثلا ،بابشلا ،يوبنلا يدهلا .
FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY AND MICRO ASPECT OF FALAH
( 1
ةيسينودنلإا رهزلأا ةعماج ،ةيملاسلإا ةيبترلا مسق ،ةيبترلاو ةيسفنلا ةيلك في سيردتلا ةئيه ءاضعأ نم وضع )
.
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Jumansyah1, Kuncoro Hadi2
1,2University of Al Azhar Indonesia Email: [email protected]
Abstract
This paper overview fintech development with the falah perspective. The overview used literature review that concern about fintech and micro aspect of falah. Fintech is a new form of financial services that used technology to ease the services. Fintech can contribute to achieve micro aspect (individual) of falah. The first, the new development of fintech open access to capital and open the chance to shifting from poverty line to above line of poverty. The second, fintech can keep brotherhood and harmony indirectly via the sharia micro institution. The third, The more usable fintech in collection and distribution zakat provide the impetus to faster the development of country.
Keywords: fintech, falah, sustainability
MASYARAKAT MUSLIM HUI DI TIONGKOK DALAM IDENTITAS BUDAYA STUART HALL
Anitasa Dewi 1
1Dosen Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana masyarakat muslim Hui menjalankan kehidupan sehari-harinya dan bagaimana identitas budaya masyarakatnya.
Ranah utama analisisnya adalah budaya masyarakat Muslim Hui. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori identitas budaya dari Stuart Hall yang menyatakan bahwa identitas budaya sebagai sebuah wujud (identity as being). Identitas budaya dilihat sebagai suatu kesatuan yang dimiliki bersama, atau yang merupakan “bentuk dasar atau asli” seseorang dan berada dalam diri banyak orang yang memiliki kesamaan sejarah dan leluhur. Etnis Hui adalah salah satu suku minoritas terbesar di Tiongkok yang memeluk agama Islam, sedangkan mayoritas penduduk di Tiongkok berasal dari etnis Han. Kesimpulan dari Penelitian ini adalah identitas budaya masyarakat muslim Hui adalah cerminan kesamaan sejarah dan kode-kode budaya yang membentuk sekelompok orang menjadi satu, walaupun dari ‘luar’ mereka tampak berbeda. Hal ini terwujud dalam identitas budaya masyarakat Muslim Hui yang tidak bisa dilepaskan dari budaya masyarakat Han.
Kata kunci; Hui, Han, minoritas, Identitas, Budaya
THE ROLE OF SHARIAH SUPERVISORY BOARDS OF ISLAMIC HOTELS IN INDONESIA:
THE CALL FOR GENERAL ACCEPTED STANDARD
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Ade Wirman Syafei1, Shohibul Imam2
1,2Lecturer of University of Al Azhar Indonesia
Abstract
As the largest Muslim Population Country in the world, the development of halal Business and Tourism industry in Indonesia has developed quite rapid. According to Hotel and Restaurant Association of Indonesia (HRAI), the Islamic hotel has growth for 10 percent in 2016. HRAI believes that the Islamic hotel Industry will keep developing even faster as Indonesia has obtained at least 13 remarkable awards in 13 different category of The World Best Halal Tourism Award in 2016.
One of them is The World Halal Beach Resort. According to Sofyan (2014), the Islamic hotel is basically a hotel which provides services of renting property and other related services such food and beverages to the customers based on Islamic principles. Indeed, the main difference between the conventional and Islamic hotels lies on Islamic values of services provided by the hotel. Thus Sofyan (2014) urges that every Islamic Hotel must have a Shariah Supervisory Board which ensure all of its activities comply to Shariah principles. This is supported by the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy of Indonesia as it has promulgated standard of Islamic hotel, whereby it mandates that every Islamic hotel with Hilal 2 Category must have a Shariah Supervisory Board. Based on that standard, the hotel can be considered as an Islamic hotel if it fulfills 3 aspects such as product, service and hotel management. Yet, the standard does not include the financial aspect of the hotel whereby the National of Shariah Board of Indonesia considers it to be applied based on Islamic principles by an Islamic hotel. Despite the fast development of Islamic Hotels in Indonesia, there is no a general accepted standard in Indonesia which covers the role of Shariah Supervisory Boards of Islamic Hotels in Indonesia. Thus, this paper is aimed to address the issue by referring to Accounting and Auditing Organization of Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) Shariah Standard and regulation provided by National Shariah Board (DSN) of Indonesia.
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ISBN Number: 978-623-90930-6-8
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THE VILLAGE OWNED ENTERPRISE IN ECONOMIC ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE: ISLAMIC ECONOMY STUDY
ACCORDING TO AL-GHAZALI
Suartini1*, Syafrizal2
1Faculty of Law, Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia
2Faculty of Law, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang
* E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
The Role of Village-Owned Enterprises, commonly referred to (as Badan Usaha Milik Desa), since the birth of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning The Villages has become very popular in rural communities, the policy was born with the desire to make village communities independent, because the village is a government whose level is under direct local government come into contact with the community. The purpose of the Village-Owned Enterprises in the framework of welfare of the village community when associated with what Al-Ghazali thinking about the function of Islamic social welfare which emphasizes economic development as part of social duties and obligations (Fard al Kifayah) so that the relationship between the Village-Owned Enterprises and thoughts about Islamic social welfare this is interesting to study. This normative research uses a conceptual approach by interpreting Islamic economic thought that was initiated by Al-Ghazali with the concept of Village-Owned Enterprises. The results of this study are expected to be able to describe the relationship between the Islamic economy and the thinking of the welfare function in the thinking of Al Ghazali with the Village Owned Enterprises that are able to realize national welfare.
Keywords : Village-Owned Enterprises, Islamic economic.
1. INTRODUCTION.
The Village Owned Enterprise is not the first policy regulated in Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning The Villages but the policy has been born in Law Number 22 of 1999 concerning Regional Government as stipulated in article 108 governed by the Village Owned Enterprise. The Regulation of Village-Owned Enterprises is the embodiment of President Joko Widodo's wish which is famous for its idea of building from the periphery. The wish is formulated in the legislation namely Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages in an effort to make the village independent. The Establishment of a Village-Owned Enterprise for the village community is a business entity that is expected to be able to accommodate the needs of the village community in the context of the welfare of the village community.
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The Village Owned Enterprise in running its business is not only for material benefits but also must be able to have a social function that is for the purpose of obtaining mutual benefits so that it can be enjoyed by the entire village community. The development of The Village Owned Enterprise units is expected to be able to improve village finance and economy by prioritizing village potentials in the field of business, so that the development of village-owned enterprises may be incorporated.
The function of The Village Owned Enterprise is to have an economic function and social function in which the activities of The Village Owned Enterprise development and management are village businesses which must provide profit margins for the village as well as for the village community. The social function that can be carried out by The Village Owned Enterprise is indirectly by giving financial transfers to village treasury through additional Village Original Income which is then used for village development activities and the social function directly is to provide guidance and business assistance conducted by the village community, besides that it can also manage public goods or services such as clean water, irrigation, village markets, village tourism, village forests, village electricity and so on with the aim that every citizen can make optimal use of the village's public goods. (Material, The Village Owned Enterprise Program, 2016) Economically and socially the village is in a strategic position because of its large and large amount of potential to develop rapidly but if not empowered will cause great poverty and become a burden for the entire nation and if properly empowered then it will be an independence that can increase the village economy. (Bambang Ismawan, 2012).
In connection with the purpose of The Village Owned Enterprise that welfare the village community, it will be seen the connection to Al-Ghazali's opini about socio-economics, because The Village Owned Enterprise in addition to looking for profit business activities carried out must be intended for social purposes so that the most important characteristic in The Village Owned Enterprise is socio-economic. Al-Ghazali's Socio-Economic Thought is rooted in a concept that Al-Ghazali calls "the function of Islamic social welfare" which then becomes a large concept is the concept of benefit or social welfare or utility (the common good), which is a concept that covers all human activities and makes close relationship between individuals and society. Al-Ghazali has discovered the concept of social welfare which is difficult to break down and has been missed by contemporary economists. (Adiwarman Azwar Karim, 2008).
According to Al-Ghazali the welfare (maslahah) of a society depends on the search and maintenance of five basic objectives, namely religion (al-dien), life or soul (nafs), family or offspring (nasl), wealth or wealth (mall) and intellect or reason (aql). Al-Ghazali defines the economic aspects of his social welfare function within the framework of a triartie hierarchy of individual and social utilities namely needs (daruriat), pleasure or comfort (hajat), and luxury (tahsinaat). (Adiwarman Azwar Karim, 2008).
Al-Ghazali views economic development as part of the duties of social obligations (fard al-kifayah) that have been established by God, if this is not
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fulfilled then world life will collapse and humanity will perish. That economic activity must be carried out efficiently because it is part of fulfilling one's security duties. Three reasons why a person must carry out economic activities: first, to meet the necessities of life concerned; secondly, for the welfare of the family; the third, to help others in need.
Based on the description above, it is interesting for the writer to describe the Village-Owned Enterprises in the perspective of Islamic economics by linking them to thoughts about the function of Islamic social welfare according to Al- Ghazali because the first enterprise owned by the village is a business entity that aims for the welfare of the community which has concepts and characteristics which is the same as Al-Ghazali's Islamic economic thought, the second is the welfare function adopted by The Village Owned Enterprise with the concept of Al-Ghazali thinking related to efforts to fulfill welfare in realizing the ideals of the Indonesian nation as contained in the fourth paragraph of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Based on the background description above, it can be formulated that the problem in this study is the first link between the perspective of Islamic economics with the Village-Owned Enterprises, the second is the main characteristic or characteristics of the Village-Owned Enterprises with the concept of Islamic social welfare thought raised by Al-Ghazali. the same for the welfare or social welfare for the community.
Based on the description above, it is interesting for the writer to describe the Village-Owned Enterprises in the perspective of Islamic economics by linking them to thoughts about the function of Islamic social welfare according to Al- Ghazali because the first enterprise owned by the village is a business entity that aims for the welfare of the community which has concepts and characteristics which is the same as Al-Ghazali's Islamic economic thought, the second is the welfare function adopted by The Village Owned Enterprise with the concept of Al-Ghazali thinking related to efforts to fulfill welfare in realizing the ideals of the Indonesian nation as contained in the fourth paragraph of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Based on the background description above, it can be formulated that the problem in this study is the first link between the perspective of Islamic economics with the Village-Owned Enterprises, the second is the main characteristic or characteristics of the Village-Owned Enterprises with the concept of Islamic social welfare thought raised by Al-Ghazali. the same for the welafre or social welfare for the community.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
This research is not the first to be carried out, it has been done by other researchers as written by Bambang in the journal UIN Allauddin who analyzed the concept of Islamic economics in the business of Village-Owned Enterprises, the emphasis on this research is the approach of Al-Ghazali's thought about Islamic Social Welfare Functions that are in line with the thought of the purpose of establishing a Village-Owned Enterprise in which the Village-Owned
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Enterprise has socioeconomic characteristics in management not only focused on profits but on the benefit or interests of the people, namely the welfare of the village community. The main focus of Al-Ghazali's views in economics is that a person must fulfill all of his life's needs in carrying out the obligations of worshiping Allah and the ruler or government must pay attention to the needs of the people. The purpose of this study is to equate Al-Ghazali's views on the concept of Islamic welfare thinking (socio-economic concept) with the aim of the Village-Owned Enterprises which have similarities, namely to benefit or fulfill people's needs in order to achieve prosperity.
3. RESEARCH METHODS.
This research is a research using literature study. Literature review or literature research is research that examines, reviews or critically studies a knowledge, ideas, ideas or findings contained in an academic-oriented literature.
The focus of the literature review is finding various similarities from the basic principles of Islamic economics in Al-Ghazali's view with the aim of establishing a Village-Owned Enterprise in which ideas, principles, propo
