STATUS GIZI
Oleh :
Mujahidatul Musfiroh
DEFINISI
• Keadaan tubuh akibat konsumsi makanan atau ukuran keberhasilan dalam pemenuhan nutrisi
• Keseimbangan antara jumlah asupan (intake) zat gizi dan jumlah yang dibutuhkan (required) oleh tubuh untuk berbagai fungsi biologis seperti
pertumbuhan fisik, perkembangan, aktivitas atau
produktivitas, pemeliharaan kesehatan dan lain-lain
• Tanda atau petunjuk yang dapat memberikan
indikasi tentang keadaan keseimbangan antara
asupan (intake) zat gizi dan kebutuhan zat gizi oleh
tubuh untuk berbagai proses biologis
INDIKATOR
1. Berat badan menurut umur 2. Tinggi badan menurut umur
3. Berat badan menurut tinggi badan
4. Indeks massa tubuh menurut umur
PENILAIAN PADA BALITA
Berat Badan Menurut Umur 1
- Memberikan indikasi masalah gizi secara umum, karena BB berkorelasi positif dengan umur dan TB - Berat badan menurut umur rendah dapat
disebabkan karena pendek (masalah gizi kronis)
atau menderita penyakit infeksi (masalah gizi akut)
Berat Badan Menurut Umur 2
Indikator Status Gizi Z-Score
BB/U
Gizi buruk < -3,0 SD
Gizi kurang -3,0 SD s/d < -2,0 SD
Gizi baik -2,0 SD s/d 2,0 SD
Gizi lebih > 2,0 SD
Weight-for-age BOYS
Birth to 6 months (z-scores)
3
11 11
10 10
9 9
0
8 8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
Weeks 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13
3
Months 4 5 6
Age (completed weeks or months)
W ei g h t (k g )
2
-2
-3
Weight-for-age BOYS
6 months to 2 years (z-scores)
17 17
16 16
15 15
14 14
13 13
12 12
11 11
10 10
9 9
-3
8 8
7 7
6 6
Months 6 7 8 9 10 11
1 year
Age (completed months and years)
2 years
W ei g h t (k g )
3
2
0
-2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Weight-for-age BOYS
Birth to 2 years (z-scores)
17 17
16 16
15 15
14 14
13 13
12 12
11 11
10 10
9 9
8 8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
Months
Birth 1 year
Age (completed months and years)
2 years
W ei g h t (k g )
3
2
0
-2 -3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Weight-for-age BOYS
2 to 5 years (z-scores)
28 28
27 27
26 26
25 25
24 24
23 23
22 22
21 21
20 20
19 19
18 18
17 17
16 16
15 15
14 14
13 13
12 12
11 11
10 10
9 9
8 8
Months
2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years)
W ei g h t (k g )
3
2
0
-2 -3
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
Weight-for-age BOYS
Birth to 5 years (z-scores)
3
28 28
26 26
24 24
22 22
20 20
18 18
16 16
14 14
12 12
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
Months
Birth 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years)
W ei g h t (k g )
2
0
-2 -3
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
Weight-for-age GIRLS
Birth to 6 months (z-scores)
10 10
9 9
8 8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
Weeks 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13
3
Months 4 5 6
Age (completed weeks or months)
W ei g h t (k g )
3
2
0
-2
-3
Weight-for-age GIRLS
6 months to 2 years (z-scores)
3
17 17
16 16
15 15
14 14
13 13
12 12
11 11
10 10
9 9
8 8
7 7
6 6
5 5
Months 6 7 8 9 10 11
1 year
Age (completed months and years)
2 years
W ei g h t (k g )
2
0
-2 -3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Weight-for-age GIRLS
Birth to 2 years (z-scores)
3
17 17
16 16
2
15 15
14 14
13 13
12 12
11 11
10 10
-2
9 9
8 8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
Months
Birth 1 year
Age (completed months and years)
2 years
W ei g h t (k g )
0
-3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Weight-for-age GIRLS
2 to 5 years (z-scores)
30 30
29 29
28 28
27 27
26 26
2
25 25
24 24
23 23
22 22
21 21
20 20
19 19
18 18
17 17
16 16
15 15
14 14
13 13
-3
12 12
11 11
10 10
9 9
8 8
7 7
Months
2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years)
W ei g h t (k g )
3
0
-2
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
Weight-for-age GIRLS
Birth to 5 years (z-scores)
30 30
28 28
26 26
24 24
22 22
20 20
18 18
16 16
14 14
-3
12 12
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
Months
Birth 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years)
W ei g h t (k g )
3
2
0
-2
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
Tinggi Badan Menurut Umur 1
- Memberikan indikasi masalah gizi yang sifatnya kronis sebagai akibat dari keadaan yang
berlangsung lama
- Faktor yang mempengaruhi, antara lain :
kemiskinan, perilaku hidup tidak sehat, dan asupan
makanan kurang dalam waktu yang lama
Tinggi Badan Menurut Umur 2
Indikator Status Gizi Z-Score TB/U
Sangat pendek < -3,0 SD
Pendek -3,0 SD s/d < -2,0 SD
Normal ≥ -2,0 SD
Length-for-age BOYS
Birth to 6 months (z-scores)
75 75
70 70
65 65
60 60
55 55
50 50
45 45
Weeks 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13
3
Months 4 5 6
Age (completed weeks or months)
L en g th ( cm )
3 2
0
-2
-3
Length-for-age BOYS
6 months to 2 years (z-scores)
100 100
95 95
90 90
85 85
80 80
75 75
70 70
65 65
Months 6 7 8 9 10 11
1 year
Age (completed months and years)
2 years
L en g th ( cm )
3 2
0
-2 -3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Length-for-age BOYS
Birth to 2 years (z-scores)
95 95
90 90
85 85
80 80
75 75
70 70
65 65
60 60
55 55
50 50
45 45
Months
Birth 1 year
Age (completed months and years)
2 years
L en g th ( cm )
3 2
0
-2 -3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Height-for-age BOYS
2 to 5 years (z-scores)
125 125
120 120
115 115
0
110 110
105 105
100 100
95 95
90 90
85 85
80 80
Months
2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years)
H ei g h t (c m )
3
2
-2
-3
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
Length/height-for-age BOYS
Birth to 5 years (z-scores)
125 125
120 120
115 115
0
110 110
105 105
100 100
95 95
90 90
85 85
80 80
75 75
70 70
65 65
60 60
55 55
50 50
45 45
Months
Birth 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years)
L en g th /H ei g h t (c m )
3 2
-2 -3
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
Length-for-age GIRLS
Birth to 6 months (z-scores)
75 75
70 70
65 65
60 60
55 55
50 50
45 45
Weeks 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13
3
Months 4 5 6
Age (completed weeks or months)
L en g th ( cm )
3 2
0
-2
-3
Length-for-age GIRLS
6 months to 2 years (z-scores)
95 95
90 90
85 85
-2
80 80
75 75
70 70
65 65
60 60
Months 6 7 8 9 10 11
1 year
Age (completed months and years)
2 years
L en g th ( cm )
3 2
0
-3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Length-for-age GIRLS
Birth to 2 years (z-scores)
95 95
90 90
85 85
-2
80 80
75 75
70 70
65 65
60 60
55 55
50 50
45 45
Months
Birth 1 year
Age (completed months and years)
2 years
L en g th ( cm )
3 2
0
-3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Height-for-age GIRLS
2 to 5 years (z-scores)
125 125
120 120
115 115
110 110
105 105
-2
100 100
95 95
90 90
85 85
80 80
Months
2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years)
H ei g h t (c m )
3
2
0
-3
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
Length/height-for-age GIRLS
Birth to 5 years (z-scores)
125 125
120 120
115 115
0
110 110
105 105
-2
100 100
-3
95 95
90 90
85 85
80 80
75 75
70 70
65 65
60 60
55 55
50 50
45 45
Months
Birth 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years)
L en g th /H ei g h t (c m )
3 2
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
Berat Badan Menurut Tinggi Badan 1
- Memberikan indikasi masalahak gizi yang sifatnya akut sebagai akibat dari peristiwa yang terjadi
dalam waktu singkat
- Faktor pencetus : wabah penyakit, kelaparan
Berat Badan Menurut Tinggi Badan 2
Indikator Status Gizi Z-Score
BB/TB
Sangat kurus < -3,0 SD
Kurus -3,0 SD s/d < -2,0 SD
Normal -2,0 SD s/d 2,0 SD
Gemuk > 2,0 SD
Weight-for-height BOYS
2 to 5 years (z-scores)
30 30
28 28
26 26
24 24
22 22
20 20
18 18
16 16
14 14
12 12
10 10
8 8
6 6
65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120
Height (cm)
W ei g h t (k g )
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
Weight-for-Height GIRLS
2 to 5 years (z-scores)
32 32
30 30
28 28
26 26
24 24
22 22
20 20
18 18
16 16
14 14
12 12
10 10
8 8
6 6
65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120
Height (cm)
W ei g h t (k g )
3
2
1 0
-1
-2
-3
IMT Menurut Umur 1
- Digunakan untuk identifikasi kurus dan gemuk
- Status gizi kurus atau gemuk berakibat pada risiko
berbagai penyakit degeneratif pada usia dewasa
IMT Menurut Umur 2
Indikator Status Gizi Z-Score
IMT/U
Sangat kurus < -3,0 SD
Kurus -3,0 SD s/d < -2,0 SD
Normal -2,0 SD s/d 1,0 SD
Gemuk > 1,0 SD s/d 2,0 SD
Obesitas > 2,0 SD
BMI-for-age BOYS
Birth to 2 years (z-scores)
22 22
21 21
20 20
19 19
18 18
1
17 17
16 16
15 15
14 14
13 13
12 12
11 11
10 10
Months
Birth 1 year
Age (completed months and years)
2 years
BM I (k g /m
2)
3
2
0 -1 -2 -3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
BMI-for-age BOYS
2 to 5 years (z-scores)
21 21
20 20
19 19
18 18
17 17
16 16
15 15
-1
14 14
13 13
12 12
Months
2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years) BM I (k g /m
2)
3
2
1
0
-2
-3
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
BMI-for-age BOYS
Birth to 5 years (z-scores)
22 22
21 21
20 20
19 19
18 18
17 17
16 16
15 15
-1
14 14
13 13
-3
12 12
11 11
10 10
Months
Birth 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years) BM I (k g /m
2)
3
2
1
0
-2
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
BMI-for-age GIRLS
Birth to 2 years (z-scores)
22 22
21 21
20 20
19 19
18 18
17 17
16 16
15 15
14 14
13 13
12 12
11 11
10 10
Months
Birth 1 year
Age (completed months and years)
2 years
BM I (k g /m
2)
3
2
1
0
-1 -2 -3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
BMI-for-age GIRLS
2 to 5 years (z-scores)
21 21
20 20
19 19
18 18
17 17
16 16
15 15
14 14
13 13
12 12
-3
Months
2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years) BM I (k g /m
2)
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
BMI-for-age GIRLS
Birth to 5 years (z-scores)
22 22
21 21
20 20
19 19
18 18
17 17
16 16
15 15
14 14
13 13
12 12
11 11
10 10
Months
Birth 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5 years
Age (completed months and years) BM I (k g /m
2)
3
2
1
0
-1
-2 -3
2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10
PENILAIAN PADA DEWASA
IMT Menurut Jenis Kelamin
Perempuan Laki-laki
Status Gizi Nilai Kurus < 17 kg/m 2 Normal 17-23 kg/m 2 Kegemukan 23-27 kg/m 2 Obesitas > 27 kg/m 2
Status Gizi Nilai
Kurus < 18 kg/m 2
Normal 18-25 kg/m 2
Kegemukan 25-27 kg/m 2
Obesitas > 27 kg/m 2
