1
TEACHING SPEAKING BY COMBINING SKIT WITH THOUGHT TRACKING STRATEGY AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Oleh:
Fahmi Rahman*)
**)Dona Alicia Staff Pengajar Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat
ABSTRAK
Makalah ini membahas bagaimana mengajarkan speaking sehingga membuat siswa tertarik untuk berbicara bahasa Inggris dengan menggabungkan strategy Skit dengan Thought Tracking strategi. Skit adalah salah satu strategi yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan speaking siswa dan rasa percaya diri. Strategi ini dapat memotivasi siswa untuk aktif dalam kelas speaking melalui praktik drama. Semua siswa merasa nyaman dan santai sampai mereka tidak menyadari bahwa mereka telah berbicara dalam bahasa Inggris. Dalam menggunakan strategi Skit, guru telah menyediakan teks narasi. siswa diminta untuk membaca teks dan mencari beberapa tokoh yang ada untuk dijadikan pedoman dalam membuat naskah drama. Strategi Thought Tracking adalah salah satu strategi yand dapat mengembangkan kemampuan speaking. Karna melalui strategi ini siswa dituntut untuk berfikir tentang apa yang akan disampaikannya melalui bermain peran sehingga dapat mengungkapkan ide dan pemikirannya. Penggabungan kedua strategi tersebut siswa akan lebih termotivasi dalam berbicara.
Oleh karena itu penggabungan kedua strategi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi siswa dalam berbicara bahasa Inggris. Sehingga Mereka memiliki rasa percaya diri untuk berbicara.
Key Words: Speaking, Teaching Speaking, Skit Strategy and Thought Tracking Strategy.
*) Penulis
**) Pembimbing
2 INTRODUCTION
English becomes an important language which is learned in almost every country in the world.
English has four skills such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing. One of the skill that productive skill is speaking, because speaking focus on how to helps students to use and to communicate English.
That is why people in this world should know and learn it, and also should be able to apply it in communication.
In a communication process, speaking is a crucial skill that should be considered in order to make the communication effectively. It is important that speaking skill needs to be mastered by everyone.
Then, speaking skill helps the students to develop what they have been listened and read. In Teaching Learning Process, speaking activities have to be mastered by students in helping them to achieve the learning goals and to communicate well. By using speaking they can get many information from the others and also the information can give they much knowledge that they did not know before. On the other hand by doing speaking well, the students also can build their confidence.
Based on the school Based 2013 Curriculum at Senior High School state that in teaching learning process which changes the teacher from being information center to be facilitator toward their learning should gear the concept of student-centered classroom. Learner-centeredness should be embraced since it could maximize the learner‟s focus on form and meaning and their achivement. The current policy of teachers‟ sertification program, the integrative topics in some subjects in learning process as one of the main point in new curriculum 2013, and textbook provision as designed on the basis of new curriculum by the Ministry of Education and Culture have brought certain resources to the development of the quality in English language teaching in Indonesia.
The result of new curriculum will be seen from its practice, not only from its theoretical framework.
many problems in teaching speaking English.
Actually, the problem came from two factors. The first factor came from the students themselves such as the students are afraid, shyness and nervous to speak English because the students thought that if they make a mistake they will be laugh. The second factor came from the teacher such as the teacher cannot motivate them to use English and if the students make a mistake the teacher will be angry.
Then, the teacher strategies in teaching speaking
English, because the strategy which is used by the teacher that less effective in teaching speaking and make they are not interested in English.
The considering of the problem was the teacher must be creative in teaching learning process.
The teacher should find certain strategy to apply in learning process, especially in speaking. The writer combining Skit with Thought Tracking strategy because this strategy, the students will feel enjoy and relax in learning process so they do not realize that they have spoken in English. Besides that, this strategy will involve all students in the classroom to speak so it will create good athmosphere in the classroom. Therefore, applying this strategy in the speaking class will motivate the students and the students will consider that speaking in English is not difficult and borring thing but it is easy and enjoyable.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Human being as social creature always communicates to one another. It can be occurred with the process of interchange of the thought or ideas which include interactions. For examples telling information or some news, asking other helps for their needs, or etc. All of them can be done trough speaking to others directly. It means that the activity of speaking itself has a very important role in human life. Speaking is one of the four skill in language learning. It is very important to the students because through speaking the students can express their idea, opinion and information the skill orally. In speaking the students do not only practice alone but also build interaction with other. Therefore speaking activities have to be mastered by students in helping them to achieve the learning goals and to communicate well.
According to Florez in Bailey (2003: 124), speaking is an interactive process of contructing meaning which occupy producing and receiving and processing information. Thus, in speaking people do not just sounding, but also create meaning information, knowledge, and ideas in each group of sound (word) they produced.
Furthermore, Nunan (2003: 48) explains that speaking is the productive aural or oral skill it consist of producing systematic verbal utterances to convey meaning. On the other hand that speaking is oral activity in producing sound that expression opinion and construct the meaning. Therefore the students
4
3 can get information and can understand the meaning of information and the students can share the information to other students.
To know details about speaking, The writer had better discuss about the components of speaking.
Referring to Turk (2001: 131), describes that the components of speaking are pitch, tone, timbre, and pattern of stress. It can be comprehended that in speaking the speakers need to consider those smallest things while speaking and the speakers have to be able to make sure that tone, timbre, and pitch of their voices are used well during they get speaking activity. Some words or some sentences that is mentioned by the speakers during speaking process have to be arranged in a good stress, so the speakers can put the right stress in the right words or sentences.
Furthermore, Easterbrooks and Estes (2007:
13) state that components of the speaking skill are suprasegmental, vowels, dipthongs, word, phrases, and connected specch. They are the building block of spoken language our main targets or objective. It can be described that to build of spoken language we should know detail component of speaking such as suprasegmental, vowels, dipthongs, word, phrases, and connected specch.
Teaching speaking is important in learning process. The teacher need to encourage the students‟
participation and also the teacher should support the students to always practice english. In order to make their english speaking ability can used to interact with other in daily life. According to Nunan (2003:
48), teaching speaking is sometimes considered a simple process. Commersial language schools around the world hire people with no training to teach conversation. Although speaking is totally natural, speaking in a language other than our own is anything but simple. Their theory explains that teaching speaking is a simple process because in teaching process the teacher ask the students to makes dialogue or conversation to improve students ability in speaking.
In this paper, the writer used Skit combined with Thought Tracking strategies in teaching speaking. Skit strategy is part of drama strategy in teaching learning process which can improve speaking ability. Skit strategy is a short piece humorous writing or performance. It motivates the students of senior high school to be active in speaking class and all students can be enjoy and do not feel afraid when they are spoken english.
According to Merriam in Mardian (2013: 179) states that skit strategy is a shorter performances where the actor and the actress make fun of people, even the types of literature by imitiating them. In the other word, skit strategy is asking the students to perform
character based on the story and the students be able to imitiating style based on the story. Therefore in this strategy, the students are hoped can role play and beside that can improve speaking skill.
In conclusion, skit strategy is a way to improve the students ability in speaking through drama where the teacher ask the students to role play in the story. The students can role play as the actor and the actress that suitable with the story. Through this strategy the students are hoped to be active in the classroom.
According to Mardian (2013: 180), the procedures of skit strategy are: The first is read the text for example narrative text such as about the Frog Prince. after read the story the students should identify the figure. The teacher chooses the students to sit in one group based on how many figure they can found in each text. The second is write the sript drama based on the text. Before ask the students to write the drama script, the teacher explain to the students in detail how to write the drama script based on the text. After that, the students finished the drama script, the students can prepare to perform. The students available to prepare the costumes and then wear it based the figure that they want to act. The last is the students can act the skit in front of the class and the teacher just only as a fasilitator.
Thought tracking strategy is part of the drama strategy where the student will play actor based on the story of the text. Thought tracking strategy can improve speaking skill through dialogue. According to Farmer (1990: 31), Thought Tracking strategy is quick fire strategy enabling children to verbally express their understanding of characters and situation without the need for rehearsal so that the students can gain confidence to speak in front of other. In other word, Thought Tracking strategy is strategy to make the students be able to express orally about character in the story without practice before so that make the students more confidence to speak in front of other.
Chauhan (2004) explains that there are some procedures that involve in thought tracking strategy as follow: First, The class is divided into groups of five or six students. Second, In groups, learners are to select an important point of time in the main character's life in their text. It could be a time of success, failure, disappointment, loss, rejection, elation, isolation or struggle, a time when the character has a monologue with himself. Third, after having selected a crucial point of time, the individual members of the groups are to articulate aloud the thoughts of the character to each other. Finally, after having heard each others' interpretations, the group
4 has to work on a final one which will be presented in front of the class by a student as if he were actually the character going through that moment.
DISCUSSION
Many strategies that can be used by the teacher in teaching speaking, but in this paper the writer will describe about implementation of teaching speaking through combining skit and thought tracking strategy for Senior high school. Through this strategy, the students can practice and make dialog about story and can perform in front of the class.
Therefore, the students is hoped to active and should participate in learning process so that make learning process run well and achieve the goal of speaking skill. Besides that, it can be improved their speaking ability. There are several aspects that will be discussed by this chapter can be preparation and procedures.
Before the teacher starting the lesson, the teacher should have some preparation in teaching activity. Preparation can help the teacher to begin the lesson in teaching and learning process. In teaching learning process will be effective if the teacher can chooses a good topic and present an interesting media so that make attract student‟s attention. A good preparation can influence the successfully of teaching and learning reading. If the teacher can prepare all of things as well, the teaching and learning process will be done effectively.
CONCLUSION
speaking is oral communication used by people to communicate the language to express the idea or to tell the information. Oral communication becomes the important aspect in daily lives of people in telling information through in television news, oral announcement, meeting etc. So Speaking is considered to be one of the four skills necessary for effective communication in any language, but in fact many students have problems in speaking. They are difficult to speak English. Therefore, the teacher have important role in teaching learning English especially in teaching speaking. The teacher should use appropriate strategy to make students able to speak and will be more enjoyable to practice English.
Besides that the teacher should also encourage students to have the confidence to make mistakes.
Therefore, the teacher can use combining Skit with Thought Tracking strategy to help the students to be active and creative in speaking activities.
SUGGESTIONS
Based on conclusion above, the writer gives some suggestions as the following English teacher and the students to apply Skit with Thought Tracking strategy in teaching speaking. First, the teacher have the teaching goal before gives the lesson. Second, the teacher should prepare more topics which are not only interesting but related to the students life so that the students have the interest to talk about them in English. Third, the teacher should prepare set of time and create a warm atmosphere to motivate the students to learn English. Fourth, the teacher should give more knowledgeable how to improve speaking ability and make English is fun. In the other word this strategy is useful to improve speaking ability and the teacher give opportunity to the students to talk English especially in front of the class. For the students, first, the students should more active and creative to practice English through conversation or dialog in drama. Second, the students more confidence to speak English in order to improve their skill in speaking when they will be taught use combining Skit and Thought Tracking strategy, because this strategy make the students be able to speak and practice English through dialog. Thus, the students will consider that speaking English is not difficult and borring but it is easy and enjoyable.
REFERENCES
Bailey, Kathleen M. 2003. Practical English Language Teaching Speaking. Singapore:
Mc Graw Hill.
Chauhan, Vani. 2004. “Drama Techniques for Teaching English”. 10. 10. (Online) http://iteslj.org/Techniques/Chauhan- Drama.html
Easterbrooks, R Susan and E. L Estes. 2007. Helping Deaf Hard of Hearing Students to use Spoken Language. New York: Corwin Press.
Farmer, David. 1990. Learning Trought Drama in Primary Years. London: Permission of Macmillan Children‟s Books.
Mardian, Lindo. 2013. „Using Skit Strategy in Teaching Speaking at Senior High School’.
Journal of Language Teaching. 2. 1: 180.
Accessed on september 01, 2013.
Nunan, David. 2003. Practical English Language.
Teaching. New York: Mc Graw Hill, Inc.
5 Turk, Christopher. 1985. Effective Speaking
Communicating in Speech. New York. Spon Press.
