تأثیر مشخصه‌های ارتعاشی صندلی بر راحتی سفر در خودروی سواری تحت تحریک اتفاقی جاده

(1)

يراﻮﺳ

رﺎﺗ ﻳ :ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﭽﺨ

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يراﻮﺳ

ﻪﻧﺪﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ و

زا ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ رد

ﻲﺘﺣار و ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ تﺎﺷﺎﻌﺗرا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺐﻳﺮﻘﺗ ياﺮﺑ

ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ

ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ

رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ،وردﻮﺧ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ دوﺪﺤﻣ

ة ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ

On the

Comfort of a Vehicle

Abstract- In this paper, considering a half car model with 3

vibration parameters of the passenger seat on the statistical characteristics of the vehicle body and the seat responses are investigated. In the pr

random excitation. However, science these models ignore the DOF corresponding to the seat, they are not suitable for ride comfort analysis. Here, in order t

additional DOF for the seat, a half car 3

Acceleration Response (RMSAR) of the vehicle b density (PSD) of the actual

special passenger car (Samand) has been studied. The result

and that of the seat are completely different from each other, and by choosing reasonable values for the stiffness and dampin coefficients of the seat, one can improve the ride comfort.

Keywords:Passenger Seat

1. Power Spectral

رﺎﺗ رد ﺬﭘ ﺎﺳ رد ﻪﺋارا

وردﻮﺧ ي

يراﻮﺳ

ﺦﺳﺎﭘ يرﺎﻣآ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ

.ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ زا ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ رد

ﻲﺘﺣار و ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ تﺎﺷﺎﻌﺗرا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﻚﻳ و ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ

ﺐﻳﺮﻘﺗ ياﺮﺑ

بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ2

رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ،وردﻮﺧ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎ ﺪﻫد

ﻪﻛ دوﺪﺤﻣ

ﺪﻴﺸﺨﺑ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ار .

ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار

On the effects of Passenger Seat Characteristics on the Ride Comfort of a Vehicle

M. Rezaee

In this paper, considering a half car model with 3

vibration parameters of the passenger seat on the statistical characteristics of the vehicle body and the seat responses are investigated. In the previous

random excitation. However, science these models ignore the DOF corresponding to the seat, they are not suitable for ride comfort analysis. Here, in order t

additional DOF for the seat, a half car 3

Acceleration Response (RMSAR) of the vehicle b density (PSD) of the actual

Passenger Seat

Power Spectral Density (PSD)

ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار رد

وردﻮﺧ

هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﻚ

ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد

ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ m_rezaee@tabrizu.ac.ir

ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ،يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﻪﺳ ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ يرﺎﻣآ يﺎﻫ

ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ

نآ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا يدورو ﺖﺤﺗ وردﻮﺧ شﺎﻌﺗرا ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود لﺪﻣ

، ﻲﺘﺣار و ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ تﺎﺷﺎﻌﺗرا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ

ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا وردﻮﺧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا لﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﻪﻄﺑار ﻚﻳ و

بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر يدﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ

، رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ،وردﻮﺧ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ

ﺘﻧ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﻲﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎ

ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ناﻮﺗ ﺪﻴﺸﺨﺑ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ار

بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر ،ناﻮﺗ ﻒﻴﻃ

، ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار

ffects of Passenger Seat Characteristics on the Ride Comfort of a Vehicle

M. Rezaee^1*, H. A. Arghand

1. Asso. Pro

2- M. Sc. Student of Mech. Eng, 3- M. Sc. Student of Mech. Eng, Univ 4- Graduated M.Sc in Mech. Eng, Univ

* P. O. B

vibration parameters of the passenger seat on the statistical characteristics of the vehicle body and the seat responses are evious studies, 2-DOF model was generally used for vibration analysis of the vehicle under the road random excitation. However, science these models ignore the DOF corresponding to the seat, they are not suitable for ride comfort analysis. Here, in order to overcome this shortage and make it possible to study the ride comfort, considering an additional DOF for the seat, a half car 3-DOF model has been used. Moreover, in order to investigate the Root Mean Square Acceleration Response (RMSAR) of the vehicle b

density (PSD) of the actual highway- type

Characteristics, Road Random Exci

Density (PSD)

http://mechanics.journals.modares.ac.ir

43 - 57

ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﻚ

ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ

ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ

m_rezaee@tabrizu.ac.ir

ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ،يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﻪﺳ ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ

ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ

نآ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا يدورو ﺖﺤﺗ وردﻮﺧ شﺎﻌﺗرا ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود لﺪﻣ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا وردﻮﺧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا لﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد

ﺦﺳﺎﭘ يرﺎﻣآ يﺎﻫ و

بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر ناﻮﺗ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ يدﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ

ﺘﻧ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ

ﻲﻣ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺎﺑ و ﺖﺳا ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ناﻮﺗ

ffects of Passenger Seat Characteristics on the Ride Comfort of a Vehicle under

, H. A. Arghand

Pro. in Mech. Eng, Univ Sc. Student of Mech. Eng, Sc. Student of Mech. Eng, Univ Graduated M.Sc in Mech. Eng, Univ

P. O. B. 51665-315,

vibration parameters of the passenger seat on the statistical characteristics of the vehicle body and the seat responses are DOF model was generally used for vibration analysis of the vehicle under the road random excitation. However, science these models ignore the DOF corresponding to the seat, they are not suitable for ride o overcome this shortage and make it possible to study the ride comfort, considering an DOF model has been used. Moreover, in order to investigate the Root Mean Square Acceleration Response (RMSAR) of the vehicle body and the seat, a mathematical relation is proposed for the power spectral type road excitation. Finally, by applying the proposed PSD, the ride comfort of a special passenger car (Samand) has been studied. The result

Characteristics, Road Random Exci

http://mechanics.journals.modares.ac.ir ﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ

ﻲ ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻲ

هرﺎﻤﺷ 3 ﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ 1390 ص ص 43

ﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫ ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار

ﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻳ

هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﻚ

هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هوﺮﮔ رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ

ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ

315 - 51665

، m_rezaee@tabrizu.ac.ir

ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ،يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﻪﺳ ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ خﺮﭼ رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ رﻮﺤﻣ

و ﺎﻫ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ

ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ يرﺎﻣآ يﺎﻫ

ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻨﻤﺳ يوردﻮﺧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ لﺎﻤﻋا

ناﻮﺗ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ

بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر ﺘﻧ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ

ﻲﻣ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺎﺑ و ﺖﺳا ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ

ffects of Passenger Seat Characteristics on the Ride under the Random Excitation

, H. A. Arghand², A. Taraghi Osg

Eng, Univ. of Tabriz Sc. Student of Mech. Eng, Univ. of Tabriz Sc. Student of Mech. Eng, Univ. of Tabriz Graduated M.Sc in Mech. Eng, Univ.

315, Tabriz, Iran, m_rezaee@tabrizu.ac.ir

In this paper, considering a half car model with 3-DOF, the effects of vehicle velocity, wheelbase, and the vibration parameters of the passenger seat on the statistical characteristics of the vehicle body and the seat responses are DOF model was generally used for vibration analysis of the vehicle under the road random excitation. However, science these models ignore the DOF corresponding to the seat, they are not suitable for ride o overcome this shortage and make it possible to study the ride comfort, considering an DOF model has been used. Moreover, in order to investigate the Root Mean Square ody and the seat, a mathematical relation is proposed for the power spectral road excitation. Finally, by applying the proposed PSD, the ride comfort of a special passenger car (Samand) has been studied. The results show that the range of variations of

Characteristics, Road Random Excitation, PSD, RMSAR, Ride Comfor

http://mechanics.journals.modares.ac.ir

هرود 11 هرﺎﻤﺷ

ﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫ ﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ

هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هوﺮﮔ رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ

ﻲﺘﺴﭘ قوﺪﻨﺻ 315

ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ،يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﻪﺳ ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ،

خﺮﭼ رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ رﻮﺤﻣ

ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ و هﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ

ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻨﻤﺳ يوردﻮﺧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫ بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر ﻲﻣ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺎﺑ و ﺖﺳا

،هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ

ffects of Passenger Seat Characteristics on the Ride the Random Excitation

Taraghi Osg

of Tabriz of Tabriz of Tabriz of Tabriz

DOF, the effects of vehicle velocity, wheelbase, and the vibration parameters of the passenger seat on the statistical characteristics of the vehicle body and the seat responses are DOF model was generally used for vibration analysis of the vehicle under the road random excitation. However, science these models ignore the DOF corresponding to the seat, they are not suitable for ride o overcome this shortage and make it possible to study the ride comfort, considering an DOF model has been used. Moreover, in order to investigate the Root Mean Square ody and the seat, a mathematical relation is proposed for the power spectral road excitation. Finally, by applying the proposed PSD, the ride comfort of a

s show that the range of variations of

and that of the seat are completely different from each other, and by choosing reasonable values for the stiffness and dampin tation, PSD, RMSAR, Ride Comfor

ﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫ ﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ

! *

1 - هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هوﺮﮔ رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد

2 - ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد

3 - ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد

4 - ﺶﻧاد ﻪﺘﺧﻮﻣآ ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻓ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻚﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ

،ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ*

ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ،يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﻪﺳ ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ وردﻮﺧ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ،

ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ

ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻨﻤﺳ يوردﻮﺧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫ

ﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ و ﺎﻫ بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر

ﻣ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ توﺎﻔﺘ

ﻲﻣ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺎﺑ و ﺖﺳا

ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ

،

،هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ

ffects of Passenger Seat Characteristics on the Ride the Random Excitation

Taraghi Osguei³, M. Fathi

DOF, the effects of vehicle velocity, wheelbase, and the vibration parameters of the passenger seat on the statistical characteristics of the vehicle body and the seat responses are DOF model was generally used for vibration analysis of the vehicle under the road random excitation. However, science these models ignore the DOF corresponding to the seat, they are not suitable for ride o overcome this shortage and make it possible to study the ride comfort, considering an DOF model has been used. Moreover, in order to investigate the Root Mean Square ody and the seat, a mathematical relation is proposed for the power spectral road excitation. Finally, by applying the proposed PSD, the ride comfort of a s show that the range of variations of RMSAR of the vehicle body and that of the seat are completely different from each other, and by choosing reasonable values for the stiffness and dampin

tation, PSD, RMSAR, Ride Comfor

ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺮﻴﺛ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫ

1 2 3 4

رد ﺎﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا رد ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ،يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﻪﺳ ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ

،هدﺎﺟ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ

وردﻮﺧ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ

نآ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا يدورو ﺖﺤﺗ وردﻮﺧ شﺎﻌﺗرا ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود لﺪﻣ .ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ

رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا وردﻮﺧ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا لﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد

هاﺮﮔرﺰﺑ عﻮﻧ زا ﻪﺑ

ناﻮﻨﻋ

ﺎﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد

ﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ و ﺎﻫ ﻣ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ

ffects of Passenger Seat Characteristics on the Ride the Random Excitation

Fathi⁴

DOF, the effects of vehicle velocity, wheelbase, and the vibration parameters of the passenger seat on the statistical characteristics of the vehicle body and the seat responses are DOF model was generally used for vibration analysis of the vehicle under the road random excitation. However, science these models ignore the DOF corresponding to the seat, they are not suitable for ride o overcome this shortage and make it possible to study the ride comfort, considering an DOF model has been used. Moreover, in order to investigate the Root Mean Square ody and the seat, a mathematical relation is proposed for the power spectral road excitation. Finally, by applying the proposed PSD, the ride comfort of a RMSAR of the vehicle body and that of the seat are completely different from each other, and by choosing reasonable values for the stiffness and dampin

ﺄﺗ ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺮﻴﺛ

هﺪﻴﻜﭼ - رد ﺎﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا رد

ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ،هدﺎﺟ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻪﺑ نآ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا يدورو ﺖﺤﺗ وردﻮﺧ شﺎﻌﺗرا ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود لﺪﻣ

نﺎﻜﻣا ﺮﻔﺳ .ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ

1ناﻮﺗ ﻲﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ هاﺮﮔرﺰﺑ عﻮﻧ زا

ﺎﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ خﺮﭼ ﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ و ﺎﻫ

ﻣ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ نﺎﮔژاو ﺪﻴﻠﻛ :

ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ

ffects of Passenger Seat Characteristics on the Ride the Random Excitation

DOF, the effects of vehicle velocity, wheelbase, and the vibration parameters of the passenger seat on the statistical characteristics of the vehicle body and the seat responses are DOF model was generally used for vibration analysis of the vehicle under the road random excitation. However, science these models ignore the DOF corresponding to the seat, they are not suitable for ride o overcome this shortage and make it possible to study the ride comfort, considering an DOF model has been used. Moreover, in order to investigate the Root Mean Square ody and the seat, a mathematical relation is proposed for the power spectral road excitation. Finally, by applying the proposed PSD, the ride comfort of a RMSAR of the vehicle body and that of the seat are completely different from each other, and by choosing reasonable values for the stiffness and damping

ﺄﺗ

هﺪﻴﻜﭼ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ نآ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا يدورو ﺖﺤﺗ وردﻮﺧ شﺎﻌﺗرا ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود لﺪﻣ نﺎﻜﻣا ﺮﻔﺳ ناﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ خﺮﭼ ﻣ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ نﺎﮔژاو ﺪﻴﻠﻛ

DOF, the effects of vehicle velocity, wheelbase, and the vibration parameters of the passenger seat on the statistical characteristics of the vehicle body and the seat responses are DOF model was generally used for vibration analysis of the vehicle under the road random excitation. However, science these models ignore the DOF corresponding to the seat, they are not suitable for ride o overcome this shortage and make it possible to study the ride comfort, considering an DOF model has been used. Moreover, in order to investigate the Root Mean Square ody and the seat, a mathematical relation is proposed for the power spectral road excitation. Finally, by applying the proposed PSD, the ride comfort of a RMSAR of the vehicle body g

[ Downloaded from mme.modares.ac.ir on 2022-10-31 ]

(2)

ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ يوردﻮﺧ رد ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫ

...

ﻲﺋﺎﺿر ﻲﺳﻮﻣ رﺎﻜﻤﻫ و

نا

44

1 - ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ

رﺎﺘﻓر ﻲـﺣاﺮﻃ رد ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ درﻮﻣ و ﻢﻬﻣ فﺪﻫ وردﻮﺧ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳد

ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺮﺛا ﺖﺤﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﺎﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ ﻞـﻴﺒﻗ زا ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎـﻫ

ﺮـﻫ ﻲـﺣاﺮﻃ اﺬـﻟ .دراد راﺮﻗ ... و نﺎﻣﺮﻓ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ،ﺰﻣﺮﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ،ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻦﻳا زا ﻚﻳ ترﻮـﺻ وردﻮـﺧ ﻲﻳﺎـﻬﻧ رﺎـﺘﻓر ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ

ﻲﻣ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ .دﺮﻴﮔ ﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ

و ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار رد راﺬﮔﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻢ

نﺎﻣﺮﻓ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎـﻨﻳد رﺎـﺘﻓر رد ﺮﺛﻮـﻣ يﺎﻫوﺮﻴﻧ ﺐﻟﺎﻏ .ﺖﺳا وردﻮﺧ يﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻒـﻛ هزاﺪـﻧا ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﻛ هدﺎﺟ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻳﺎﺗ سﺎﻤﺗ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ زا وردﻮﺧ

ﻲﻣ لﺎﻤﻋا ﺖﺳا ﺖﺳد ﺪﻧﻮﺷ

] 1 .[

ندﺮـﻛ اﺪـﺟ ﻪـﻔﻴﻇو ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ

هدﺎﺟ ﺢﻄﺳ زا وردﻮﺧ هﺮﻜﻴﭘ ﻪﺑ

رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺢﻄـﺳ زا دراو تﺎـﺷﺎﻌﺗرا بﺬﺟ

ﻲﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻚﻳ .دراد ار هدﺎﺟ زا يدﺎـﻳز راﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ

ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ياﺮﺑ ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار .ﺪﻫﺎﻜﺑ تﺎﻌﻄﻗ ﻲﺑاﺮﺧ و ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺧ ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ يدﺎﻳز ﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ نآ يﺎـﻫدﻮﻣ ﻞﻜـﺷ و وردﻮـﺧ ﻲـﻌﻴﺒﻃ يﺎﻫ

دراد ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ ]

2 ﻮﺧ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻲﻓﺮﻃ زا .[

ورد ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻂﺳاو

نﺎﻣﺮﻓ رد ﻲﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ هدﺎﺟ ﺢﻄﺳ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ و دراد وردﻮﺧ يﺮﻳﺬﭘ

نﺎـﻣﺮﻓ ﺖـﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻖـﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ ﻲﻣﺮﻧ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ وردﻮـﺧ رد ار يﺮﻳﺬـﭘ

ﻲﻣ نﺎﻣﺮﻓ ﻪﻛ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻫد ﺎـﺑ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺗ رد ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار و وردﻮﺧ يﺮﻳﺬﭘ

ﻲﻣ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺮﮕﻳﺪﻜﻳ .ﺪﻨﺑﺎﻳ

هدﺮﺘﺴﮔ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ياﺮﺑ يا

ﻲﻳاﺪـﺘﺑا تﺎـﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ رد .ﺖـﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ ﺎﻫوردﻮﺧ عاﻮﻧا دﺮﻛرﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ هدﺎﺟ يدورو ﻪﺑ

ترﻮﺻ ﺮـﺛا و ﺪـﺷ ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮـﻈﻧ رد ﻦﻴـﻌﻣ ﻊﺑﺎـﺗ ﻚـﻳ

ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ]

3 [ لﺪـﻣ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ .

ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻳ ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ مرﺎﻬﭼ ﻚﻳ هدﺎﺳ ﻪـﺑ نﺎـﺴﻧا نﺪـﺑ ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ ،يدازآ

ﻪﻛ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ هدﺎﺟ يدورو ﻪـﺑ

ترﻮـﺻ ﺮـﻈﻧ رد ﺪﻴﻔـﺳ ﺰﻳﻮـﻧ

ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ،دﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ]

4 [ ،لﺪـﻣ ﻦـﻳا ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ رد .

و لﺎـﻌﻓﺮﻴﻏ و لﺎـﻌﻓ ﻲﻳاﺮﻴﻣ ﺖﺤﺗ هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ يدورو ﻪﺑ نﺪﺑ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺪﺷ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺮﻨﻓ ﻲﺘﻔﺳ ]

5 [ يﺎـﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮـﮕﻳد ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .

ﺳ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ عﻮﻧ ﺪﻨﭼ ياﺮﺑ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴ ﻪﺑ

رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ـﺸﻳر ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﺔ

ﺪﺷ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ ،بﺎﺘﺷ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ]

3 ﻦﻴـﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ .[

و نﺎـﻣز هزﻮـﺣ رد ﺰـﻴﻧ ﻚـﺟﻮﻣ ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ يراﻮﺳ يوردﻮﺧ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ ]

7 [.

ﻲﺑﻮﮔ ﻮﻨﻴﺘﺴﻣ و ] 8 لﺪـﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮـﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ [

د ود ﻲﻄﺧ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳد رﺎﺘﻓر ،يدﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ لﻮﻣﺮﻓ ﺪﻨﭼ ﻪﺋارا و يدازآ ﻪﺟر

هدﺎﺟ يور ار لﺎﻌﻓﺮﻴﻏ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ راﻮﻤﻫﺎﻧ يﺎﻫ

ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ زا هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ﻪـﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﺪﻣ ﺮﮕﻳد ﻲﻓﺮﻃ زا .ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ ﺪـﻨﭼ يﺎـﻫ

فﺎﻄﻌﻧا يﻮﻀﻋ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ ياﺮﺑ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ

دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار و يراﺪﻳﺎﭘ يزﺎﺳ ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ و ﺪﺷ

ﺑ يزﺎﺳ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ياﺮ ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﭘ ﻞﻜﺷ و ﺎﻫ

ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎـﻫ

ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻪﺋارا هدﺎﺟ ]

4

، 5 [ ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و يﺮﺘﺴﻨﭘ . ]

6 ﻦﺘﻓﺮـﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ [

ياﺮـﺑ دوﺪـﺤﻣ نﺎـﻤﻟا لﺪـﻣ ﻚـﻳ و يﻮﻀﻋ ﺪﻨﭼ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳد لﺪﻣ ﻚﻳ و لﺪـﻣ ود ﺐـﻳﺎﻌﻣ و ﺎـﻳاﺰﻣ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ـﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ

ﺔ

ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد .ﺪﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﺎﻬﻧآ زا هﺪﻣآ يﺎﻛآ و يﺎﻛرﻮﺗ

] 12 لﺎـﻤﻋا ﺎـﺑ [

ﻲﻟﺪﻨـﺻ ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻲﮕﻧر و ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﺰﻳﻮﻧ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ يدورو ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ مرﺎﻬﭼ ﻚﻳ لﺪﻣ رد ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد دوﺪﺤﻣ رد ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا زا هﺪﻣآ ة

زا ﺮـﺘﻤﻛ ﺖﻋﺮـﺳ 100

ﺎﺳ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻠﻴﻛ ﻲـﻣ رﺎـﺒﺘﻋا ياراد ﺖﻋ

يور ﺮـﺑ ﺮـﮕﻳد ﻲـﺸﻫوﮋﭘ .ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ

يﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ رد ﺮﻔـﺳ ﻲـﺘﺣار ﻪﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺘﺳد ياﺮﺑ ﺮﭙﻣد و ﺮﻨﻓ تﺎﻤﻴﻈﻨﺗ هدﺎﺟ نوﺮﺑ ،ﺮﻔـﺳ ﻲـﺘﺣار دﻮـﺒﻬﺑ ياﺮـﺑ ﻪـﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ و ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا يا

ﺪـﺣ ﺎـﺗ ﺐﻘﻋ ﺮﻨﻓ و هدﻮﺑ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا راﺪﻘﻣ زا ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ًﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﻲﻳاﺮﻴﻣ ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ مﺮﻧ ﻦﻜﻤﻣ ]

13 .[

ﺎـﻜﻤﻫ و يﺮـﻈﺘﻨﻣ ﺶﻧار

] 14 ﺮـﻈﻧ رد ياﺮـﺑ [

ﻚـﻴﻓاﺮﺗ رد صﻮـﺼﺧ ﻪـﺑ ﺮﻔـﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ﺮﺑ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺮﺛا ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺰـﻴﻧ نﺎـﻣز هزﻮـﺣ رد ﺲﻧﺎـﻛﺮﻓ هزﻮﺣ ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ ار ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ،يﺮﻬﺷ .ﺪﻧداد راﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﺶﻧارﺎـﻜﻤﻫ و ﻢﻴـﻛ

] 15 يﺪـﻨﺑ لﻮـﻣﺮﻓ ﺎـﺑ [

ﻲـﺣاﺮﻃ يﺎـﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ و ﺮﻔـﺳ ﻲـﺘﺣار ماﻮـﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺟ ﻲﻜﻴﺗﺎﺘﺳا .ﺪـﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ود ﺮﻫ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺖﻬ

ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ يﺎـﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ

ﺎـﺑ و ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺮﭙﻣد ﻲﻳاﺮﻴﻣ و ﺮﻨﻓ ﻲﺘﻔﺳ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر رﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد يزﺎـﺳ

ﺪﺷ ] 16 .[

ﭻﻴـﭘ ﻪﺤﻔـﺻ رد ﻲـﻄﺧﺮﻴﻏ لﺪـﻣ يﺮﮕﻳد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ﺎـﺑ و1

ـﻳداﺮﮔ ﺮـﺑ ﻲـﻨﺘﺒﻣ ﻲـﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ شور زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا

2نﺎ ﻪـﻨﻴﻬﺑ ياﺮـﺑ يزﺎـﺳ

تﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺪﺷ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﺘﺣار رﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ

] 17 .[

و نﺎﻨﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ تﺎﺷﺎﻌﺗرا ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ نﻮﻣاﺮﻴﭘ ﻲﺗﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ نﺎﻣﺮﻓ ﺮـﺛا رد نﺎﺴﻧا نﺪﺑ رﺎﺘﻓر .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار و يﺮﻳﺬﭘ درﻮـﻣ ﻚﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳدﻮﻴﺑ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ و ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ﺶﺨﺑ ود ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﺷﺎﻌﺗرا

ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ]

18 مﺎـﺠﻧا زا ﻪـﻛ ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ ﻦـﻳا زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .[

يور ﺮﺑ ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ 30

ﺮﻔﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد رد نﺎﺴﻧا نﺪﺑ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ دﻮﺑ هﺪﻣآ

ﺪﻳﺪـﺸﺗ ﺲﻧﺎـﻛﺮﻓ ﻪـﻛ ﺖﺳا ﺪﻳﺪﺸﺗ ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ ود ياراد يدﻮﻤﻋ ﺖﻬﺟ دوﺪﺣ رد لوا 5

ﻲﻣ نﺎﺴﻧا نﺪﺑ ﻞﻛ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ و ﺰﺗﺮﻫ ﺲﻧﺎـﻛﺮﻓ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ

ﻢﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ مود ﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﻨﺗ

دوﺪﺣ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا 14

و ﮓﻧﺎﻴﺟ .ﺖﺳا ﺰﺗﺮﻫ

ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ]

19 [ هﺪﻳا ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺮـﺑ تﺎـﺷﺎﻌﺗرا ﺮﻴﺛﺄـﺗ هرﺎـﺑرد ﻲﻠﻛ يﺎﻫ

رد صﻮـﺼﺧ ﻪـﺑ ﺮﻔـﺳ ﻲـﺘﺣار يﺎـﻫرﺎﻴﻌﻣ نﻮﻣاﺮﻴﭘ ﺚﺤﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻪﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳ يﺎﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻪﻴﺒـﺷ ﺎـﺑ و ﺪﻧا

لﺪـﻣ يﺮﺗﻮﻴﭙﻣﺎـﻛ يزﺎـﺳ

1. Pitch Plane

2. Gradient Based Approximation Method

(3)

3 / ﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ 1390

قﺎـﺒﻄﻧا ﺮـﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ (ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﺰﻳﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ) ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻪـﻨﻣاد ،ﺲﻧﺎـﻛﺮﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ،ﻲﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ

ﻞـﻴﻣ ﺖـﺑﺎﺛ راﺪـﻘﻣ ﻚـﻳ ﻪـﺑ ﺰـﻴﻧ

ﻪـﺳ ياراد ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ ﻦـﻳا رد هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا درﻮـﻣ لﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ

ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻲﻜﻳ

نﺎـﻜﻣا لﺪـﻣ ﻦﻳا .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ يدازآ تﺎﺟرد زا ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ رد .ﺪـﻨﻛ

يﺎـﻫ

ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ زا وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ ﻪﻛ

ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ توﺎﻔﺗ هﺪﻨﻫد ﻪـﺑ

ﺖـﺳد لﺪـﻣ رد .ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ

،ﺪﻨﻤـﺳ يراﻮـﺳ يوردﻮﺧ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﺮـﻨﻓ ﻲﺘﻔﺳ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ

ﻲـﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳر ﺪـﻫد

ﻦﻴـﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨـﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ

ﻲـﻳاﺮﻴﻣ و ﻲﺘﻔـﺳ ﺐﺋاﺮـﺿ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر

رد هﮋﻳﻮﺑ ار ﺮﻔـﺳ ﻲـﺘﺣار و

ﻋ بﺎﺘـﺷ ﺮـﺑ ﻲـﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ يدﻮـﻤ

ﻪـﺳ ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ ﻚـﻳ

ﻞﻜﺷ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد 1

هﺪـﺷ لﺪـﻣ

ﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻘﻋ و ﻮﻠﺟ يﺎﻫرﻮﺤﻣ تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ q₁t

هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ

رود ة

،ﻢﻫدزﺎﻳ ةرﺎﻤﺷ

قﺎـﺒﻄﻧا ﺮـﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ (ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﺰﻳﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ) ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻪـﻨﻣاد ،ﺲﻧﺎـﻛﺮﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ،ﻲﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ

ﻞـﻴﻣ ﺖـﺑﺎﺛ راﺪـﻘﻣ ﻚـﻳ ﻪـﺑ ﺰـﻴﻧ

ﻪـﺳ ياراد ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ ﻦـﻳا رد هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا درﻮـﻣ لﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﻨﻛ يدﻮﻤﻋ ﺖﻛﺮﺣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ

نﺎـﻜﻣا لﺪـﻣ ﻦﻳا .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ يدازآ تﺎﺟرد زا ﻲـﻣ ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ ار ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﺮﺑ دراو بﺎﺘﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ رد .ﺪـﻨﻛ

ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ زا وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ

ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ توﺎﻔﺗ هﺪﻨﻫد

ﻲـﻣ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ رﺎﺘﻓر ياﺮﺑ هﺪﻣآ لﺪـﻣ رد .ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ

،ﺪﻨﻤـﺳ يراﻮـﺳ يوردﻮﺧ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﺮـﻨﻓ ﻲﺘﻔﺳ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ

ﻲـﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳر ﻦﻴـﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨـﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ

ﻲـﻳاﺮﻴﻣ و ﻲﺘﻔـﺳ ﺐﺋاﺮـﺿ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر

هداد ﺶﻫﺎﻛ نﺎﺴﻧا نﺪﺑ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﺴﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هدوﺪﺤﻣ ﺮﻔـﺳ ﻲـﺘﺣار و

لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﻊﺑﺎﺗ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا و يزﺎﺳ

ﻋ بﺎﺘـﺷ ﺮـﺑ ﻲـﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ،ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ ﻪﺑ

ترﻮﺻ ﻪـﺳ ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ ﻚـﻳ

ﻞﻜﺷ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻘﻋ و ﻮﻠﺟ يﺎﻫرﻮﺤﻣ تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ

وردﻮﺧ هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ

رود

قﺎـﺒﻄﻧا ﺮـﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ (ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﺰﻳﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ) ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ناﻮﺗ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ ﻪـﻨﻣاد ،ﺲﻧﺎـﻛﺮﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ،ﻲﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ

بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر ﻞـﻴﻣ ﺖـﺑﺎﺛ راﺪـﻘﻣ ﻚـﻳ ﻪـﺑ ﺰـﻴﻧ

ﻪـﺳ ياراد ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ ﻦـﻳا رد هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا درﻮـﻣ لﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﻨﻛ يدﻮﻤﻋ ﺖﻛﺮﺣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا يدازآ ﻪﺟرد نﺎـﻜﻣا لﺪـﻣ ﻦﻳا .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ يدازآ تﺎﺟرد زا ﻲـﻣ ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ ار ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﺮﺑ دراو بﺎﺘﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ زا وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ لﺪﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ توﺎﻔﺗ هﺪﻨﻫد

ﻲـﻣ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ رﺎﺘﻓر ياﺮﺑ هﺪﻣآ ،ﺪﻨﻤـﺳ يراﻮـﺳ يوردﻮﺧ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﺮـﻨﻓ ﻲﺘﻔﺳ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﻲﻳاﺮﻴﻣ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ و ﻲـﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳر

بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر ﻦﻴـﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨـﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ

ﻲـﻳاﺮﻴﻣ و ﻲﺘﻔـﺳ ﺐﺋاﺮـﺿ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻪﻨﻣاد ناﻮﺗ

بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر

هداد ﺶﻫﺎﻛ نﺎﺴﻧا نﺪﺑ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﺴﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هدوﺪﺤﻣ .دﺮﻛ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ياﺮﺑ ﻲﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ

لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﻊﺑﺎﺗ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا و يزﺎﺳ

ﻋ بﺎﺘـﺷ ﺮـﺑ ﻲـﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ،ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻘﻋ و ﻮﻠﺟ يﺎﻫرﻮﺤﻣ تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ

.ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ

يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﻪﺳ لﺪﻣ ﻒﺼﻧ

وردﻮﺧ

قﺎـﺒﻄﻧا ﺮـﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ (ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﺰﻳﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ) ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﺎﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ناﻮﺗ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ

بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر ﻪـﺳ ياراد ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ ﻦـﻳا رد هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا درﻮـﻣ لﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﻨﻛ

يدﻮﻤﻋ ﺖﻛﺮﺣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا يدازآ ﻪﺟرد نﺎـﻜﻣا لﺪـﻣ ﻦﻳا .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ يدازآ تﺎﺟرد زا ﻲـﻣ ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ ار ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﺮﺑ دراو بﺎﺘﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ زا وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ لﺪﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻲـﻣ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ رﺎﺘﻓر ياﺮﺑ هﺪﻣآ ،ﺪﻨﻤـﺳ يراﻮـﺳ يوردﻮﺧ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﺮـﻨﻓ ﻲﺘﻔﺳ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﻲﻳاﺮﻴﻣ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ و بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر ﻲـﻳاﺮﻴﻣ و ﻲﺘﻔـﺳ ﺐﺋاﺮـﺿ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻪﻨﻣاد ناﻮﺗ

هداد ﺶﻫﺎﻛ نﺎﺴﻧا نﺪﺑ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﺴﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هدوﺪﺤﻣ .دﺮﻛ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ياﺮﺑ ﻲﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ

لﺪﻣ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﻊﺑﺎﺗ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا و يزﺎﺳ

ﻋ بﺎﺘـﺷ ﺮـﺑ ﻲـﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ،ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد

،نآ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻘﻋ و ﻮﻠﺟ يﺎﻫرﻮﺤﻣ تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ

q₂ .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ

ﻞﻜﺷ 1 يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ﻪﺳ لﺪﻣ

ﺮـﻫ رد ار [ رد

يور ﻦﻴـﺸﻧﺮﺳ تﺎـﺷﺎﻌﺗرا ياﺮـﺑ

درﻮـﻣ توﺎـﻔﺘﻣ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ عﻮﻧ رﺎﻬﭼ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ار وردﻮﺧ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ يﺮﺗﻮﻴﭙﻣﺎـﻛ يزﺎـﺳ

و ﺮﻔــﺳ ﻲــﺘﺣار ﺖــﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻲــﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪــﺑ يرﺎــﺑ يوردﻮــﺧ يﺮﻓﺎـﺴﻣ يﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ ﺎـﺑ نآ ﻪـﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ و ﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻦـﻳا يﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻖـﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ دﻮـﺧ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﺰﻴﻧ

ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ دﻮـﺷ

ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎـﻴﻣ ﻪـﺸﻳر ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ [

دراد راﺮﻗ هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ضﺮﻌﻣ رد ﻪﻛ ار وردﻮﺧ بﺎﺘﺷ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﺎـﺑ وردﻮـﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ .ﺪﻧدروآ رد ﻪـﺘﻓر رﺎـﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﺰﻳﻮﻧ لﺪﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا يﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ،يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود ﻒـﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎـﮕﭼ ياﺮـﺑ ار ﻲﻌﺑﺎـﺗ ،هدﺎﺟ ﻚﻳ

ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ ﻚﻳ يﺎﻫ بﺎﺘـﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر

رﻮـﺤﻣ ﻪـﺑ رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ،ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻪـﺳ ﺮﻫ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ يﺮﮕﻳد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد .ﺪﺑﺎﻳ

دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻞـﻣﺎﻛ يوردﻮـﺧ و وردﻮـﺧ ﻒـﺼﻧ ،وردﻮﺧ مرﺎﻬﭼ ﻚﻳ لﺪﻣ رﺎـﺘﻓر رﻮـﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺪـﺑ .

رد و ارﺬﮔ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ندروآ

.ﺪـﻳدﺮﮔ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ رﺎﮔﺪـﻧﺎﻣ ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ ندروآ لﺪـﻣ ﻚـﻳ يﺮﺗﻮﻴﭙﻣﺎـﻛ يزﺎـﺳ ﻪـﺑ يرﺎـﺠﺗ يﺎـﻫراﺰﻓا دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﻟ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ياﺮﺑ [

ناﻮﺗ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ

،نﺪـﺑ ﺖﻴـﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﺴﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هزﺎﺑ رد ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﺟ .ﺪﻫد

ﻲـﺿﺮﻓ ﻪـﻛ ﺪﻨﻛ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ

ﻪـﻠﻤﺟ ﻚـﻳ و ﻲﻳﺎـﻤﻧ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﻚﻳ زا ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ هدﺎﺟ

1. Difference

قﺎـﺒﻄﻧا ﺮـﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ (ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﺰﻳﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ) ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﺎﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر ﻲﻣ ﻪـﺳ ياراد ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ ﻦـﻳا رد هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا درﻮـﻣ لﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﻨﻛ

يدﻮﻤﻋ ﺖﻛﺮﺣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا يدازآ ﻪﺟرد نﺎـﻜﻣا لﺪـﻣ ﻦﻳا .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ يدازآ تﺎﺟرد زا ﻲـﻣ ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ ار ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﺮﺑ دراو بﺎﺘﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ زا وردﻮﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ لﺪﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻲـﻣ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ رﺎﺘﻓر ياﺮﺑ هﺪﻣآ ،ﺪﻨﻤـﺳ يراﻮـﺳ يوردﻮﺧ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﺮـﻨﻓ ﻲﺘﻔﺳ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺷﺎﻌﺗرا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﻲﻳاﺮﻴﻣ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ و بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر ﻲـﻳاﺮﻴﻣ و ﻲﺘﻔـﺳ ﺐﺋاﺮـﺿ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ هداد ﺶﻫﺎﻛ نﺎﺴﻧا نﺪﺑ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﺴﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هدوﺪﺤﻣ .دﺮﻛ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ياﺮﺑ ﻲﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ

2 - ﻋ بﺎﺘـﺷ ﺮـﺑ ﻲـﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ

وردﻮﺧ ،ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ و وردﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺪﺑ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا تﺎﻜﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ يدازآ ﻪﺟرد

،نآ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا t و

ﻞﻜﺷ

ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ هدﺎﺟ ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﭘ لﺪﻣ و ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ و ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ لﺪﻣ ،وردﻮﺧ ﺮـﻫ رد ار

ﻦﻴﻔﻳﺮـﮔ و ]

20 [

يور ﻦﻴـﺸﻧﺮﺳ تﺎـﺷﺎﻌﺗرا ياﺮـﺑ

درﻮـﻣ توﺎـﻔﺘﻣ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ عﻮﻧ رﺎﻬﭼ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ار وردﻮﺧ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ يﺮﺗﻮﻴﭙﻣﺎـﻛ يزﺎـﺳ

ﺖـﺳود هدﺎﺟ يﺎﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ياﺮﺑ ار وردﻮﺧ ﻪـﺑ

رﻮـﻈﻨﻣ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ

ﻲـﻣ لﺎـﻤﻋا هدﺎـﺟ ﻪـﺑ ﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳد يﺎﻫوﺮﻴﻧ دﻮـﺷ

ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎـﻴﻣ ﻪـﺸﻳر ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ [

ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ ﻚﻳ يﺎﻫ بﺎﺘـﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر

دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻞـﻣﺎﻛ يوردﻮـﺧ و وردﻮـﺧ ﻒـﺼﻧ ،وردﻮﺧ مرﺎﻬﭼ ﻚﻳ لﺪﻣ رﺎـﺘﻓر رﻮـﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺪـﺑ .

رد و ارﺬﮔ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ندروآ

.ﺪـﻳدﺮﮔ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ رﺎﮔﺪـﻧﺎﻣ ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ ندروآ لﺪـﻣ ﻚـﻳ يﺮﺗﻮﻴﭙﻣﺎـﻛ يزﺎـﺳ ﻪـﺑ يرﺎـﺠﺗ يﺎـﻫراﺰﻓا دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﻟ

] ﻲﺷﻮﺟ و ﻲﻠﺒﻤﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد 23

ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ياﺮﺑ [ ناﻮﻨﻋ ناﻮﺗ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ

،نﺪـﺑ ﺖﻴـﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﺴﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هزﺎﺑ رد ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻤﻧ رﺎﻴﺘﺧا رد ار ﻲﻌﻗا

.ﺪﻫد

ﻲﻣ ﻞﻴﻣ ﺮﻔﺻ ﺖﻤﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻲـﺿﺮﻓ ﻪـﻛ ﺪﻨﻛ

ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ

Differencethresholds

ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ هدﺎﺟ ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﭘ لﺪﻣ و ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ و ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ لﺪﻣ ،وردﻮﺧ هداد ﻪﺋارا ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ و نﺎﻣز هزﻮﺣ ود ﺪﻠﻴﻔـﺴﻨﻣ .ﺪﻧا

ﻦﻴﻔﻳﺮـﮔ و

فﻼﺘﺧا يﺎﻫ يور ﻦﻴـﺸﻧﺮﺳ تﺎـﺷﺎﻌﺗرا ياﺮـﺑ1

درﻮـﻣ توﺎـﻔﺘﻣ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ عﻮﻧ رﺎﻬﭼ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ار وردﻮﺧ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ لﻮﻫ و ﻦﻣﺪﻟﻮﻫ .ﺪﻧداد راﺮﻗ ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ ]

21 ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﺎﺑ [ يﺮﺗﻮﻴﭙﻣﺎـﻛ يزﺎـﺳ

ﺖـﺳود هدﺎﺟ يﺎﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ياﺮﺑ ار وردﻮﺧ ﻲـﻣ لﺎـﻤﻋا هدﺎـﺟ ﻪـﺑ ﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳد يﺎﻫوﺮﻴﻧ

ﻲـﺷﻮﺟ و ﻲﻟﻮـﺒﻤﺗ .دﺮـﻛ يزﺎـﺳ ]

23 ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎـﻴﻣ ﻪـﺸﻳر ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ [

ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ ﻚﻳ يﺎﻫ

ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا لﺎﻤﻋا ﺎﺑ بﺎﺘـﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر

دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻞـﻣﺎﻛ يوردﻮـﺧ و وردﻮـﺧ ﻒـﺼﻧ ،وردﻮﺧ مرﺎﻬﭼ ﻚﻳ لﺪﻣ ﺖـﻓﺮﮔ راﺮـﻗ ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ وردﻮﺧ يراﻮﺳ ]

7 [ رﺎـﺘﻓر رﻮـﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺪـﺑ .

ياﺮﺑ نﺎﻣز هزﻮﺣ رد وردﻮ ﻪﺑ

ﺖﺳد رد و ارﺬﮔ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ندروآ

.ﺪـﻳدﺮﮔ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ رﺎﮔﺪـﻧﺎﻣ ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ ندروآ ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﺎﺑ [ لﺪـﻣ ﻚـﻳ يﺮﺗﻮﻴﭙﻣﺎـﻛ يزﺎـﺳ

مﺮﻧ ﻚﻤﻛ ﻪﺑ ،ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ و ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ياﺮﺑ هﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ ﻪـﺑ يرﺎـﺠﺗ يﺎـﻫراﺰﻓا

ﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﻟ

] ﻲﺷﻮﺟ و ﻲﻠﺒﻤﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻚﻳ زا وردﻮﺧ لﺪﻣ بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ

ناﻮﻨﻋ

،نﺪـﺑ ﺖﻴـﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﺴﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هزﺎﺑ رد ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﺟ ناﻮﺗ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ

و هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻤﻧ رﺎﻴﺘﺧا رد ار ﻲﻌﻗا

ﻲﻣ ﻞﻴﻣ ﺮﻔﺻ ﺖﻤﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ يﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا رد .ﺖﺳا ﻊﻗاو فﻼﺧ ﻪﺑ

thresholds

ﻚ سرﺪﻣ

ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ هدﺎﺟ ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﭘ لﺪﻣ و ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ و ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ لﺪﻣ ،وردﻮﺧ هداد ﻪﺋارا ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ و نﺎﻣز هزﻮﺣ ود ﻪﻧﺎﺘﺳآ دﻮﺧ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا يﺎﻫ

درﻮـﻣ توﺎـﻔﺘﻣ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ عﻮﻧ رﺎﻬﭼ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ار وردﻮﺧ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ لﻮﻫ و ﻦﻣﺪﻟﻮﻫ .ﺪﻧداد راﺮﻗ ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ و ﺮﻔــﺳ ﻲــﺘﺣار ﺖــﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻲــﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪــﺑ يرﺎــﺑ يوردﻮــﺧ

يﺮﻓﺎـﺴﻣ يﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ ﺎـﺑ نآ ﻪـﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ و ﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻦـﻳا يﺮﻳﺬﭘ نﺎﺳ .ﺪﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ ]

22 [ ﻖـﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ دﻮـﺧ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﺰﻴﻧ

ﺖـﺳود هدﺎﺟ يﺎﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ياﺮﺑ ار وردﻮﺧ ﻲـﻣ لﺎـﻤﻋا هدﺎـﺟ ﻪـﺑ ﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳد يﺎﻫوﺮﻴﻧ

ﻲـﺷﻮﺟ و ﻲﻟﻮـﺒﻤﺗ .دﺮـﻛ يزﺎـﺳ دراد راﺮﻗ هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ضﺮﻌﻣ رد ﻪﻛ ار وردﻮﺧ بﺎﺘﺷ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﺎـﺑ وردﻮـﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ .ﺪﻧدروآ رد ﻪـﺘﻓر رﺎـﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﺰﻳﻮﻧ لﺪﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا يﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ،يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود

ﺮﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻒـﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎـﮕﭼ ياﺮـﺑ ار ﻲﻌﺑﺎـﺗ ،هدﺎﺟ ﻚﻳ

يراﻮﻤﻫﺎﻧ يﺎﻨﺒﻣ ﺮﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﻌﻗاو هدﺎﺟ ﻚﻳ يﺎﻫ

ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا لﺎﻤﻋا ﺎﺑ بﺎﺘـﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺸﻳر

رﻮـﺤﻣ ﻪـﺑ رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ،ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺎﻫ ﻪـﺳ ﺮﻫ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ يﺮﮕﻳد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد .ﺪﺑﺎﻳ

دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻞـﻣﺎﻛ يوردﻮـﺧ و وردﻮـﺧ ﻒـﺼﻧ ،وردﻮﺧ مرﺎﻬﭼ ﻚﻳ لﺪﻣ ﺖـﻓﺮﮔ راﺮـﻗ ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ وردﻮﺧ يراﻮﺳ

ياﺮﺑ نﺎﻣز هزﻮﺣ رد وردﻮ

ياﺮﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هزﻮﺣ ﻪﺑ

ﺖﺳد .ﺪـﻳدﺮﮔ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ رﺎﮔﺪـﻧﺎﻣ ﺦـﺳﺎﭘ ندروآ

ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻟﻮﻴﮔوﺮﺑ ]

25 ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﺎﺑ [

مﺮﻧ ﻚﻤﻛ ﻪﺑ ،ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ و ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ياﺮﺑ هﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ ﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار

] ﻲﺷﻮﺟ و ﻲﻠﺒﻤﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻚﻳ زا وردﻮﺧ لﺪﻣ بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ،نﺪـﺑ ﺖﻴـﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﺴﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هزﺎﺑ رد ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﺟ زا ﻲﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺐﻳﺮﻘﺗ ناﻮﺗ ﻒﻴﻃ ﻲﻟﺎﮕﭼ

ﻲﻣ ﻞﻴﻣ ﺮﻔﺻ ﺖﻤﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ يﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا رد .ﺖﺳا ﻊﻗاو فﻼﺧ ﻪـﻠﻤﺟ ﻚـﻳ و ﻲﻳﺎـﻤﻧ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﻚﻳ زا ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ هدﺎﺟ

ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻴ ﻚ

ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ هدﺎﺟ ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﭘ لﺪﻣ و ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ و ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ لﺪﻣ ،وردﻮﺧ هداد ﻪﺋارا ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ و نﺎﻣز هزﻮﺣ ود ﻪﻧﺎﺘﺳآ دﻮﺧ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮـﻣ توﺎـﻔﺘﻣ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ عﻮﻧ رﺎﻬﭼ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ار وردﻮﺧ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ لﻮﻫ و ﻦﻣﺪﻟﻮﻫ .ﺪﻧداد راﺮﻗ ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ ﻞــﻣﺎﻛ لﺪــﻣ و ﺮﻔــﺳ ﻲــﺘﺣار ﺖــﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻲــﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪــﺑ يرﺎــﺑ يوردﻮــﺧ

نﺎﻣﺮﻓ يﺮﻓﺎـﺴﻣ يﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ ﺎـﺑ نآ ﻪـﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ و ﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻦـﻳا يﺮﻳﺬﭘ

نﺎﺳ .ﺪﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ ﺖـﺳود هدﺎﺟ يﺎﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ياﺮﺑ ار وردﻮﺧ ﻲـﻣ لﺎـﻤﻋا هدﺎـﺟ ﻪـﺑ ﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳد يﺎﻫوﺮﻴﻧ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ ﻲـﺷﻮﺟ و ﻲﻟﻮـﺒﻤﺗ .دﺮـﻛ يزﺎـﺳ دراد راﺮﻗ هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ضﺮﻌﻣ رد ﻪﻛ ار وردﻮﺧ بﺎﺘﺷ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ

ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد ﺎـﺑ وردﻮـﺧ ﻒﺼﻧ لﺪﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ .ﺪﻧدروآ رد ﻪـﺘﻓر رﺎـﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﺰﻳﻮﻧ لﺪﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا يﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ،يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود

ﺮﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ يراﻮﻤﻫﺎﻧ يﺎﻨﺒﻣ ﺮﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا لﺎﻤﻋا ﺎﺑ رﻮـﺤﻣ ﻪـﺑ رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ،ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ خﺮﭼ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺎﻫ دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻞـﻣﺎﻛ يوردﻮـﺧ و وردﻮـﺧ ﻒـﺼﻧ ،وردﻮﺧ مرﺎﻬﭼ ﻚﻳ لﺪﻣ

ﺖـﻓﺮﮔ راﺮـﻗ ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ وردﻮﺧ يراﻮﺳ ﺧ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳد ياﺮﺑ نﺎﻣز هزﻮﺣ رد وردﻮ

ياﺮﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هزﻮﺣ ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻟﻮﻴﮔوﺮﺑ مﺮﻧ ﻚﻤﻛ ﻪﺑ ،ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ و ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ياﺮﺑ هﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ ﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ] ﻲﺷﻮﺟ و ﻲﻠﺒﻤﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد

ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻚﻳ زا وردﻮﺧ لﺪﻣ بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ،نﺪـﺑ ﺖﻴـﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﺴﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هزﺎﺑ رد ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﺟ زا ﻲﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺐﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻞﻴﻣ ﺮﻔﺻ ﺖﻤﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ يﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا رد .ﺖﺳا ﻊﻗاو فﻼﺧ ناﻮﺗ ﻪـﻠﻤﺟ ﻚـﻳ و ﻲﻳﺎـﻤﻧ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﻚﻳ زا ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ هدﺎﺟ

ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ هدﺎﺟ ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﭘ لﺪﻣ و ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ و ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ لﺪﻣ ،وردﻮﺧ هداد ﻪﺋارا ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ و نﺎﻣز هزﻮﺣ ود ﻪﻧﺎﺘﺳآ دﻮﺧ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮـﻣ توﺎـﻔﺘﻣ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ عﻮﻧ رﺎﻬﭼ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ار وردﻮﺧ ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ لﻮﻫ و ﻦﻣﺪﻟﻮﻫ .ﺪﻧداد راﺮﻗ ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ ﻞــﻣﺎﻛ لﺪــﻣ نﺎﻣﺮﻓ نﺎﺳ .ﺪﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ ﺖـﺳود هدﺎﺟ يﺎﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ياﺮﺑ ار وردﻮﺧ ﻲـﻣ لﺎـﻤﻋا هدﺎـﺟ ﻪـﺑ ﺎـﻫوردﻮﺧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳد يﺎﻫوﺮﻴﻧ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ دراد راﺮﻗ هدﺎﺟ ﻲﻗﺎﻔﺗا ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ضﺮﻌﻣ رد ﻪﻛ ار وردﻮﺧ بﺎﺘﺷ تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ رد ﻪـﺘﻓر رﺎـﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﺳ ﺰﻳﻮﻧ لﺪﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا يﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ،يدازآ ﻪﺟرد ود ﺮﺤﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ يراﻮﻤﻫﺎﻧ يﺎﻨﺒﻣ ﺮﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا لﺎﻤﻋا ﺎﺑ رﻮـﺤﻣ ﻪـﺑ رﻮﺤﻣ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ،ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ وردﻮﺧ خﺮﭼ دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻞـﻣﺎﻛ يوردﻮـﺧ و وردﻮـﺧ ﻒـﺼﻧ ،وردﻮﺧ مرﺎﻬﭼ ﻚﻳ لﺪﻣ ﺖـﻓﺮﮔ راﺮـﻗ ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ وردﻮﺧ يراﻮﺳ ﺧ ﻲﻜﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳد ياﺮﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هزﻮﺣ ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻟﻮﻴﮔوﺮﺑ مﺮﻧ ﻚﻤﻛ ﻪﺑ ،ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ و ﻲﻟﺪﻨﺻ ياﺮﺑ هﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ ﺪﻨﺻ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺮﺳ ﻲﺘﺣار ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻚﻳ زا وردﻮﺧ لﺪﻣ بﺎﺘﺷ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ،نﺪـﺑ ﺖﻴـﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻲﺴﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ هزﺎﺑ رد ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻦﻳا .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺎﺟ زا ﻲﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺐﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻞﻴﻣ ﺮﻔﺻ ﺖﻤﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﻛﺮﻓ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ يﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا رد .ﺖﺳا ﻊﻗاو فﻼﺧ ناﻮﺗ