ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﺖﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﯼﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ Iranian Journal of Critical Care Nursing
ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ۳ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۲ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ ، ۱۳۸۹ Vol. 3, No. 2, Summer 2010
ﻔﺻ ﺕﺎﺤ : ۶۲ - Pages: 57-62 ۵۷
لﻮﺌﺴﻣ هﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ :
ﻲﻘﭽﻏﺎﺑ هﺮﻴﻧ .
ﺖﺳاﻮﺧرد مﺎﻤﺗ ﻲﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
[email protected] ﺪﻧﻮﺷ هدﺎﺘﺳﺮﻓ
.
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ /
ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ
ﺭﺩ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻧﺎﺘﺴﻫﻮﮐ ﺎﺿﺭﺪﻴﻤﺣ MSc۱
، ﻲﻘﭽﻏﺎﺑ ﻩﺮﻴﻧ MSc*
، ﻲﻳﺎﺿﺭ ﺵﻭﺭﻮﻛ MSc۱
ﻩﻭﺮﮔ*
ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
ﻭ
،ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ،ﮎﺍﺭﺍ ،ﮎﺍﺭﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ
ﻩﻭﺮﮔ۱
ﻩﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
ﻭ
،ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ،ﮎﺍﺭﺍ ،ﮎﺍﺭﺍ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ
ﻩﺪﻴﮑﭼ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ : ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺱﻭﺮﻳﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﺮﻄﺧ ﺽﺮﻌﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻠﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻝﺎﺒﻧﺩ
/ ﻭ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ .
ﺕﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ،ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ /
ﻩﺪﻧﺮﺑ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
.
ﺵﻭﺭ ﺎﻫ : ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ -
ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻌﻄﻘﻣ ١٣٨٨
ﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﮎﺍﺭﺍ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ .
٥٢ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻱﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻱﺭﺎﻤﺷﺮﺳ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ .
ﻊﻤﺟ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﺶﺳﺮﭘ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﻖﻘﺤﻣ ﻲﺘﻤﺴﻗﻭﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ
ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ . ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﺕﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻭ ﻲﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ
ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻞﻠﻋ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺩﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ
ﺩﻮﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ .
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﻫ : ٧ / ٣٢ ﻭ ٤٦ / ١٣ % ﻪﺑ ،ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻚﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻬﺘﻨﻣ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻲﻃ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺭﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ . ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ١٧ / ٤١ ﻭ ٦٦ / ١٦ % ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ
. ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺩﻮﺑ ﮒﺭ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ .
ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻦﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ
ﺖﺴﺷ ،ﻪﺛﺩﺎﺣ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻝﺎﺒﻧﺩ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﻞﺤﻣ ﻱﻮﺷﻭ
.
ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ : ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻀﻌﺑ ﺩﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻭ ﺖﺳﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ .
ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻄﺧ ﻭ ﺎﻫ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺩﻮﺷ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺰﻳﺭ
.
ﻩﮊﺍﻭﺪﻴﻠﮐ ﺎﻫ : ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻦﻴﺴﻨﮑﺗ ،ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ،ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ ،ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
Blood contaminated needle stick/sharp objects injuries
and exposure to patients’ body fluids in medical emergencies students
Koohestani H. R.1 MSc, Baghcheghi N.* MSc, Rezaei K.1 MSc
٭Department of Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
1Department of Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran Abstract
Aims: Medical emergency students are subjected to the risk of occupational exposure to blood-borne viruses following needle stick/sharp object injuries (NSIs/Sis) and blood / body fluids exposures. The goal of this study was to determine the frequency and the features of contaminated NSIs/Sis and blood/body fluids exposures among emergency medical technicians students.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Arak University of Medical Sciences in 2009.
52 medical emergency students were participated in the study. Data collection tool was a bipartite researcher- made questionnaire. The first part was related to individual characteristics and demography and the second part was related to the frequency and causes of needle stick/sharp object injuries contaminated with blood and blood / body fluids exposures and the performance of students during injury incidence.
Results: 32.7% and 13.46% of the subjects had experienced at least one contaminated NSI and blood / body fluids exposures in the last term, respectively. Only 41/17 % and 16/66 % of the students who had experienced NSIs and blood / body fluids reported all exposures, respectively. The most common procedure leading to these injuries was catheter insertion. The first measure taken by the most students following the injury was washing the injury location.
Conclusion: The amount of NSIs and blood/body fluids exposure is high among medical emergency students and also the performance of some of them after incidence is not appropriate. More education programs should be planned and performed for medical emergency students in order to increase their awareness about prevention from these injuries and their resulting hazards and the subsequent actions and measures.
Keywords: Intensive Care, Drug Error, Nurses, Drug Calculation Ability
۵۸ ﻲﻧﺎﺘﺴﻫﻮﮐ ﺎﺿﺭﺪﻴﻤﺣ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﻭ
ــــــــــــــ ـــ
ـــــــــــــــــــــ ــــــــ
ـــــــ ـ ـ ـــــــ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
) EMS ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ،(
ﻲﻣ ﻉﻭﺮﺷ ﻪﻨﺤﺻ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮﺷ
. ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺸﺨﺑ ،ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻩﺮﻴﺠﻧﺯ ﻪﺛﺩﺎﺣ ﻉﻮﻗﻭ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﺮﻣﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺍ ﻲﻧﺍﻮﺗﺯﺎﺑ ﺎﺗ
ﻲﻣ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻲﺼﺧﺮﻣ ﻭ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ
. ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻞﺻﺍ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ
۲۹
ﻲﻧﺎﺳﺭﺩﺍﺪﻣﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻒﻇﻮﻣ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻱﺭﻮﻬﻤﺟ ﻲﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻣﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻦﻴﻣﻭﺪﺼﻣ
ﺖﻴﻟﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻭ ﺽﺭﺍﻮﻋ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻭ ﺙﺩﺍﻮﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻭ ﺎﻫ
ﻱﺮﺘﺴﺑ ﺪﺷ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ،ﺎﻫ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻲﻧﺍﺩﺭﺎﮐ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
۷۹ ﺪﺷ ﺲﻴﺳﺎﺗ ]
١ [ . ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻦﻴﺴﻨﮑﺗ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
(EMT) ، ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ
ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻩﺎﮕﻳﺎﺟ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺲﻧﺍﮊﺭﻭﺍ ﺐﻃ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺍ
. ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻦﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ
ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻲﺴﻧﺍﮊﺭﻭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ
. ﻦﻴﺴﻨﮑﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﻩﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﺕﻻﺎﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻧﻻﺎﺳ ،ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ۲۲
ﺖﺤﺗ ﺍﺭ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻥﻮﻴﻠﻴﻣ
ﻲﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﺪﻨﻫﺩ
] ٢ .[
،ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺱﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻭ ﻲﺴﻧﺍﮊﺭﻭﺍ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻥﺍﺮﮔﺩﺍﺪﻣﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺩﺯ
. ﻦﻴﺴﻨﮑﺗ ﻪﺘﺷﺭ ﻪﭼﺮﮔﺍ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ ،ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ۱۰
ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
ﻲﻤﺳﺭ ﺭﻮﻃ
ﻍﺭﺎﻓ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻞﻴﮑﺸﺗ ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺍ ﻝﻮﻐﺸﻣ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻝﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺘﺷﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﻼﻴﺼﺤﺘﻟﺍ
ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ -
ﻪﺘﺷﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺕﺍﺮﻄﺧ ،ﻝﺎﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ ؛ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .
ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺮﻴﺧﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﮒﺮﻣ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺍ
ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺮﻴﻣﻭ ،ﻪﺘﺷﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ
٢
ﺪﺣ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻠﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ]
٣ [ ﻩﺪﻨﺸﮐﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻭ
ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ،ﻪﺘﺷﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ۵
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻠﻣ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ]
٤ ، ٥ [ . ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ
ﻩﺪﻨﺸﮐﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ،ﻪﺘﺷﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ
ﺶﺗﺁ ﻭ ﺲﻴﻠﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺎﺸﻧ
] ٦ .[
ﺭﺎﮐ ﺯﺍ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻩﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﻄﺧ ﺯﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻨﮐ
ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ / ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ .
ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ / ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺖﻠﻋ ،ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﺒﮔﺮﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﺘﺷﺍﺪﻬﺑ - ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ .
ﻪﻧﻻﺎﺳ ٦٠٠ ﺎﺗ ٨٠٠ ﻦﻴﺑ ،ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺭﺍﺰﻫ
٨ ﻲﻣ ﺥﺭ ﻩﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﺕﻻﺎﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ ﺯﺍ ﻥﻮﻴﻠﻴﻣ ﺪﻫﺩ
] ٧ [ .
ﻥﺯﻮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ /
ﻥﺪﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ
، ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ٢٠
ﻪﺑ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻥﮊﻮﺗﺎﭘ ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ
ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ
، ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺳ
ﻲﺳﻭﺮﻳﻭ ﻭHBV
ﻭHCV ﺭﺍﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺯﺍHIV
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ
] ٨ [ . ﺖﻴﺗﺎﭙﻫ ﻲﺳﻭﺮﻳﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺳ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺮﻄﺧ ،B
ﮏﻳ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻭC ﺭﺎﺑ
ﻪﺑ ،ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ
٦٠ - ٣
% ، ٨ / ١ % ﻭ ٣ / ٠ % ﺖﺳﺍ ] ٩ .[
ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺲﻳﺭﺎﻫ
ﻭ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﮑﻴﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ١٠٠
) % ٣٣١ ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﻦﻴﺴﻨﮑﺗ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ
،ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﯼﺎﻫ ﮏﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ
ﻭ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺑﺍ ﺮﻄﺧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺍ
ﺍﺮﮕﻧ ﺖﻴﺗﺎﭙﻫ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻥ
ﺪﻧﺍ . ٤٠ % ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺭﺎﭼﺩ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﺵﻮﭘﺮﺳ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺩﺪﺠﻣ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮔ ]
١٠ .[
ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻭﺪﻳﺭ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ ﻱﻭﺭﺎﻳﺍﺩ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
،ﻝﺎﺳ ﻭﺩ ﻲﻃ ﻪﻛ ٢٥٦
ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺥﺭ ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺛﺩﺎﺣ ﺖﺳﺍ
. ﻪﺑ ،ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻪﻟﺎﺳ ﻭﺩ ﻉﻮﻴﺷ ،ﻲﻠﮐ ﺭﻮﻃ ٤
/ ٤ ﺭﺍﺰﻫ ﺮﻫ ﻱﺍﺯﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺯ ﻦﻴﻤﺨﺗ ﺮﻔﻧ .
،ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻡﺎﻤﺗ ﻦﻴﺑ ١٤
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ) ٥ / ٥ (%
ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ
،ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ١٥
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ) ٩ / ٥ (%
،ﻢﺸﭼ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ٨
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ) ١ / ٣ (%
ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ
،ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻁﺎﺨﻣ ٣٨
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ) ٨ / ١٤ (%
ﻭ ﻢﻟﺎﺳﺮﻴﻏ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺎﺑ ﺱﺎﻤﺗ ١٢٠
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ) ٩ / ٤٦ (%
ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻢﻟﺎﺳ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺎﺑ
٦١ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ) ٨ / ٢٣ (%
ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻲﺴﻔﻨﺗ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺱﺎﻤﺗ ]
١١ .[
ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺱﻮﮐﺎﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻭ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻦﻴﺴﻨﮑﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﺧ ﺎﺑ ﺱﺎﻤﺗ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﻲﻃ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
٨ ،ﻩﺎﻣ ٢٥ / ١ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ ﺮﻫ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺎﺑ ]
١٢ .[
ﺭﺎﮐ ﻂﻳﺍﺮﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻀﻌﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﮐﺫ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺯﻻ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻦﻴﺴﻨﮑﺗ
ﺯﺍ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺟ ﻪﻠﻤ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻦﻴﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺎﻳ ﻢﮐ ﺭﻮﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﻮﻓ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ
ﺲﻧﻻﻮﺒﻣﺁ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻲﻣ
ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺮﻄﺧ
ﺪﻨﮐ . ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻦﻴﺴﻨﮑﺗ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻦﻴﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺮﻄﺧ ﺽﺮﻌﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ،ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ / ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ
. ،ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻢﻏﺮﻴﻠﻋ
ﭻﻴﻫ ﻥﻮﻨﮐﺎﺗ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻤﺳﺭ ﻡﺎﻗﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
ﺖﺴﻴﻧ . ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻥﺪﺷ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻞﻠﻋ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ،ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﻥﺎﻧﺁ ﺩﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻩﻮﺤﻧ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﻩﺍﺭ ﺫﺎﺨﺗﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﮐ
ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺐﺳﺎ ﻪﺑ ،ﻱﺰﻳﺭ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
ﮏﻤﮐ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ
. ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ
ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻑﺪﻫ
ﻞﻠﻋ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ /
ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺩﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻩﻮﺤﻧ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫ .
ﺵﻭﺭ ﺎﻫ
ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ -
ﻢﻴﻧ ﺮﺧﺍﻭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻌﻄﻘﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻝﻭﺍ ﻝﺎﺳ
٨٩ -
١٣٨٨ ﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ . ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﯼﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﮎﺍﺭﺍ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ .
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺩﻮﺒﻤﻛ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ،ﺎﻫ
٢١
ﻭ ﯽﻣﻭﺩ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻱﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ٣١
ﯽﻣﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻱﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ )
ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ٥٢
ﺮﻔﻧ (
ﻪﺑ ﻝﻮﻐﺸﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻴﺼﺤﺗ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﺷﺮﺳ ﻩﻮﻴﺷ .
ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺯﻮﻣﺁﺭﺎﮐ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﮏﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ
) ﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ
ﻩﺎﮕﻳﺎﭘ ﺲﻧﺍﮊﺭﻭﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ (
ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﻧﺭﺍﺬﮔ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ . ﺶﺳﺮﭘ ﺺﻗﺎﻧ ﻞﻴﻤﮑﺗ ،ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺝﻭﺮﺧ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ
ﺩﻮﺑ ﺎﻫ .
ﻊﻤﺟ ﺭﺍﺰﺑﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﺶﺳﺮﭘ
ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﺘﻤﺴﻗ ﻭﺩ ﯼﺍ .
ﺭﺩ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺶﺨﺑ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﺕﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﻚﻴﻓﺍﺮﮔﻮﻣﺩ
ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻭ
ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻞﻠﻋ ﻭ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ
ﻭ ﻭ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ
ﻡﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ .
ﻳﺍﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﯽﻳﺍﻭﺭ ﺶﺳﺮﭘ ﻲ
ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﻭﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ
ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ٧
ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻴﻫ ﻱﺎﻀﻋﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ
ﺪﺷ ﺪﻴﻳﺎﺗ ﻥﺎﺸﻳﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﺍ ﻭ ﮎﺍﺭﺍ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ .
ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ
ﺶﺳﺮﭘ ﯽﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺵﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ
"
ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ / ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁﺯﺎﺑ "
ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ .
ﺐﻳﺮﺿ
ــــ ـ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ـ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ /
ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ
ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﯼﺎﻫ
۵۹
ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﺶﺳﺮﭘ ﺕﻻﺍﻮﺌﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻳﻮﮔ
ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ٩ / ٠
ﻪﺑ ﺪﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ .
ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺍ ﺶﺳﺮﭘ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﻩﻮﺤﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ
ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ
ﻪﺘﺳﺍﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺪﺷ ﻥﺁ ﻞﻴﻤﮑﺗ
ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ .
ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ
ﻲﻗﻼﺧﺍ ، ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺯﺍ ﮏﻳ ﺮﻫ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ
ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ،ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻪﺑ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
ﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﺎﻣﺮﺤﻣ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﻴﻤﻃﺍ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ .
ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻭ ﻡﺮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫ
ﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ SPSS 13 ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﻭ ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺭﺎﻣﺁ ،
ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﯼﺎﻫ
ﺮﺸﻴﻓ ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ .
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﻲﻨﺳ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ
٨٣ /
±٣ ٨٥ / ٢١ ﻪﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﺎﺑ ١٨ ﺎﺗ ٣١ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺩﻮﺑ .
٦ ﺮﻔﻧ ) ٦٣ / ١١ (%
ﺖﻴﺗﺎﭙﻫ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ ﻥﻮﻴﺳﺎﻨﻴﺴﮐﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ B
ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻧ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﺪ )
٢ ﻭ ﯽﻣﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻡﺮﺗ ﺮﻔﻧ ٤
ﯽﻣﻭﺩ ﻡﺮﺗ ﺮﻔﻧ .(
ﺯﺍ ٤٦ ﻪﮐ ﻱﺮﻔﻧ
ﺖﻴﺗﺎﭙﻫ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ ﻥﻮﻴﺳﺎﻨﻴﺴﮐﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ،ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ B
٨ ﺮﻔﻧ
) ٣٩ / ١٧
% ؛ ٢ ﻭ ﯽﻣﻭﺩ ﻡﺮﺗ ﺮﻔﻧ ٦
ﯽﻣﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻡﺮﺗ ﺮﻔﻧ (
ﻲﺘﻧﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﻱﺩﺎﺑ
ﻨﻴﺴﮐﺍﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑHbs ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻥﻮﻴﺳﺎ
. ﺭﺩ ٦ ﻲﻣﺮﺳ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺮﻔﻧ
ﻲﺘﻧﺁ ﻱﺩﺎﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﻣHbs
Mlu/ml ١٠
ﺭﺩ ﻭ ٢ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺮﻔﻧ
Mlu/ml ١٠
ﺩﻮﺑ . ﻦﻳﺍ ٢ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﭻﻴﻫ ﺮﻔﻧ
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﺪﻧ .
ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎﻳ ﻱﺎﻄﺧ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ
ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﻂﻘﻓ ،
ﻪﺑ ﯽﻬﺘﻨﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻲﻃ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ .
٧ / ٣٢ ) % ١٧ ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ
ﮏﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ
ﻪﺑ ،ﻲﻠﮐ ﺭﻮﻃ ٤٠ ﺪﺷ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
) ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﻮﻃ ٧٦
/ ٠ ﺻ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻚﻳ ﻲﻃ ﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺮﻫ ﻱﺍﺯﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻣﺪ
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ؛ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ١
.(
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ١ ( ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻲﺒﺴﻧ ﻭ ﻖﻠﻄﻣ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ
ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻬﺘﻨﻣ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻲﻃ
ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻡﺮﺗ ←
ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ↓ ﻡﻭﺩ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻡﺮﺗ
ﻊﻤﺟ
ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﺮﻔﺻ ۱۶ ۱۹ / ۷۶ ۱۹ ۲۹ / ۶۱ ۳۵ ۳ / ۶۷
۱ ۳
۲۸ / ۱۴ ۵ ۱۲ / ۱۶ ۸ ۳۸ / ۱۵
۳ - ۲ ۲ ۵۲ / ۹ ۴ ۵ / ۱۲ ۶ ۵۳ / ۱۱
ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ۳ ۰ ۰ ۳ ۶۷ / ۹ ۳ ۷۶ / ۵
ﻊﻤﺟ ۲۱ ۱۰۰ ۳۱ ۱۰۰ ۵۲ ۱۰۰
ﻚﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﻣﺪﺻ ﻪ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ
ﻥﻮﺧ ﺮﺸﻴﻓ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻭ ﻡﻭﺩ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ )
٠٤ / ٠
= .(p ﮏﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺛﺩﺎﺣ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
ﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ٥ ﺪﺷ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺭﺎﺑ .
١٨ ﺯﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ )
ﻪﺛﺩﺎﺣ ﻪﻨﺤﺻ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻳ ﺲﻧﻻﻮﺒﻣﺁ ﺭﺩ (
ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻘﺑﺎﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻧﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ )
ﻲﻳﺎﭘﺮﺳ ﺲﻧﺍﮊﺭﻭﺍ ﺎﻳ ﻱﺮﺘﺴﺑ ﺲﻧﺍﮊﺭﻭﺍ (
ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺥﺭ .
ﮏﻳ ﻂﻘﻓ
ﮏﻳ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﺩﺮﮐ ﺮﮐﺫ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻴﺨﺑ ﻥﺯﻮﺳ ﺎﺑ .
ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺪﻨﻳﺁﺮﻓ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻣﺪﺻ
ﮒﺭ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪ )
٢١ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ( ﻭ
ﻥﻮﺧ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ) ١١ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ( ﺪﺷ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ .
ﻲﻧﻼﻀﻋ ﻖﻳﺭﺰﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳﺁﺮﻓ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ
) ٦ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ( ﻱﺪﻠﺟﺮﻳﺯ ﻖﻳﺭﺰﺗ ﻭ )
٢ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ( ﺩﻮﺑ . ٢٥ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺭﺎﭼﺩ ﻦﺘﺧﺍﺪﻧﺍﺭﻭﺩ )
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ٢ .(
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ۲ ( ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺖﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ
ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺖﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ ↓
ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﻦﺘﺧﺍﺪﻧﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻭ ﻖﻳﺭﺰﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ۲۵
۵ / ۶۲
ﻦﻴﺣ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﺧﺍﺪﻧﺍﺭﻭﺩ
۱۱ ۵ / ۲۷
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﺧﺍﺪﻧﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ
۲ ۵
ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ
۲ ۵
ﻊﻤﺟ ۴۰
۱۰۰
ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ۲۴ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ) ۶۰ (%
ﻩﺪﺷ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮﺑ
. ﺯﺍ ۹ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ
،ﯽﻣﻭﺩ ﻡﺮﺗ ۶
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ) ۶۶ / ۶۶ (%
ﻲﻟﺎﺣﺭﺩ ،ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻲﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ
۳۱ ،ﯽﻣﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ۱۸
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ) ۰۶ / ۵۸ (%
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ . ﺎﺑ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻖﺒﻃ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻅﺎﺤﻟ ﺯﺍ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﺮﺸﻴﻓ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﺭﺍﺩ ) ٠٩ / ٠
= .(p ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻦﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ
ﺭﺩ ٣١ ﺮﻔﻧ
"
ﺖﺴﺷ ﻱﻮﺷﻭ
ﻥﻮﺑﺎﺻ ﻭ ﺏﺁ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﻞﺤﻣ "
ﺩﻮﺑ ) ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ٣ .(
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ٣ ( ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻲﺒﺴﻧ ﻭ ﻖﻠﻄﻣ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻩﺪﺷ
ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ
ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ
↓ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ ﺎﻳ ﻲﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ۲۴
۶۰
ﺖﺴﺷ ﻥﻮﺑﺎﺻ ﻭ ﺏﺁ ﺎﺑ ﻮﺷﻭ
۳۱ ۵ / ۷۷
ﻞﺤﻣ ﻥﺩﺍﺩﺭﺎﺸﻓ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ
۲۷ ۵ / ۶۷
ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ
۲۴ ۶۰
ﻲﺘﻧﺁ ﻲﻣﺮﺳ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻱﺩﺎﺑ
Hbs ۱ ۵ / ۲
ﺪﺸﻧ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻲﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﭻﻴﻫ
۸ ۲۰
ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ
۲ ۵
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ۴ ( ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻃﺎﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺎﺸﻏ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻲﺒﺴﻧ ﻭ ﻖﻠﻄﻣ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ
ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ
ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻡﺮﺗ ←
ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ↓ ﻡﻭﺩ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻡﺮﺗ
ﻊﻤﺟ
ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﺮﻔﺻ ۱۹ ۴۷ / ۹۰ ۲۶ ۸۷ / ۸۳ ۴۵ ۵۳ / ۸۶
۱ ۱ ۷۶ / ۴ ۳ ۶۷ / ۹ ۴ ۶۹ / ۷
۲ ۱ ۷۶ / ۴ ۱ ۲۲ / ۳ ۲ ۸۴ / ۳
ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ۲ ۰ ۰ ۱ ۲۲ / ۳ ۱ ۹۲ / ۱
ﻊﻤﺟ ۲۱ ۱۰۰ ۳۱ ۱۰۰ ۵۲ ۱۰۰
٤٦ / ١٣ ) % ٧ ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﮏﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﻱﺎﻫﺎﺸﻏ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ
ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻃﺎﺨﻣ ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻬﺘﻨﻣ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻲﻃ
) ﻝﻭﺪﺟ
۶۰ ﻲﻧﺎﺘﺴﻫﻮﮐ ﺎﺿﺭﺪﻴﻤﺣ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﻭ
ــــــــــــــ ـــ
ـــــــــــــــــــــ ــــــــ
ـــــــ ـ ـ ـــــــ ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
٤ .(
ﻚﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻃﺎﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺎﺸﻏ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ
ﻡﻭﺩ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ٥٣
/ ٩ ) % ٢ ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻡﺮﺗ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻭ
١٣ / ١٦ ) % ٥ ﺮﻔﻧ ( ﺩﻮﺑ . ﺯﺍ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﺮﺸﻴﻓ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﻥﻮﻣﺯﺁ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻖﺒﻃ
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻅﺎﺤﻟ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺍﺩ
) ٠٤ / ٠
= .(p
ﻪﺑ ﻲﻠﮐ ﺭﻮﻃ ١٢ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻃﺎﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺎﺸﻏ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ
ﺪﺷ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ .
ﻥﻮﺧ ،ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ )
٦ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ( ﺭﺍﺭﺩﺍ ، ) ٤ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ (
ﻲﻏﺍﺮﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ )
١ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ( ﻂﻠﺧ ﻭ ) ١ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ( ﺪﺷ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ .
ﺕﺎﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻞﻳﻻﺩ
ﻦﺸﮐﺎﺳ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺎﻳ ﻲﻟﻮﻓ ﺪﻧﻮﺳ ﻦﺘﺷﺍﺬﮔ ،ﻥﺩﺮﮐ ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﻥﺩﺮﮐ
) ﻥﺪﻴﺸﮐ
ﻪﺑ ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﺳ
ﺐﺴﭼ ﻥﺪﻨﮐ ﻦﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻱﻮ ﺎﻫ
( ﺩﻮﺑ .
ﻂﻘﻓ ٣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻃﺎﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺎﺸﻏ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻲﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ
ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ )
٢٥ .(%
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻡﻭﺩ ﻡﺮﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ ﻪﺳ ﺮﻫ .
ﻢﻬﻣ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻡﺪﻋ ﻞﻳﻻﺩ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﻫﺩ
ﻡﺪﻋ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻡﻭﺰﻟ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻲﻫﺩ
) ٥ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ( ﺱﺮﺗ ﻭ ﻲﻣﺎﻧﺪﺑ ﺯﺍ
ﻱﺭﺎﺴﻣﺮﺷ )
٣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ( ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﮐﺫ .
ﻦﻴﺑ ﺯﺍ ،ﻞﮐ ﺭﺩ ٧
ﺭﺎﭼﺩ ﻪﮐ ﻱﺮﻔﻧ
ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻃﺎﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺎﺸﻏ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻂﻘﻓ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ
٢ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻲﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ .
ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ
ﺖﺴﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻲﻃﺎﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺎﺸﻏ ﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻊﺿﻮﻣ ﻱﻮﺷﻭ
) ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ٥ .(
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ٥ ( ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻲﺒﺴﻧ ﻭ ﻖﻠﻄﻣ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻩﺪﺷ
ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ
ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ
↓ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ
ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ ﺎﻳ ﻲﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
٣ ۲۵
ﺖﺴﺷ ﻁﺎﺨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﺑﺎﺻ ﻭ ﺏﺁ ﺎﺑ ﻮﺷﻭ
١٠ ۳۳ / ۸۳
ﺖﺴﺷ ﻝﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﺎﻳ ﺏﺁ ﺎﺑ ﻮﺷﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻟﺎﺳ
ﻢﺸﭼ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ٢
۶۶ / ۱۶
ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
٣ ۲۵
ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ
۲ ۶۶ / ۱۶
ﺚﺤﺑ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ /
ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ
ﻲﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺷ ﮎﺎﻧﺮﻄﺧ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﮏﻳ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ
ﮏﺴﻳﺭ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﮎﺎﻧﺮﻄﺧ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺭﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ
ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻦﻴﺴﻨﮑﺗ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺩﻮﺷ .
ﮏﻳ ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻡﻮﺳ
ﻱﺎﻫ
ﮏﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ،ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ١٤ % ﮏﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻃﺎﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺎﺸﻏ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ .
ﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺞﻳﺎ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺙﺩﺍﻮﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻭ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ،ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ .
ﺭﺩ ﺙﺩﺍﻮﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ،ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ
ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺩ ﻭ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ،ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ
ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ
. ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ،ﻝﺎﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻚﻧﺎﺑ ﭻﻴﻫ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﻭ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻣ ﻲﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻭ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻤﺳﺭ ﺭﺎﻣﺁ /
ﻭ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﺪﺸﻧ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
.
ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺮﮑﻳﻭ
،ﻥﺍﺭﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻭ ٨
/ ٥٨ ) % ٣١١ / ١٨٣ ( ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ
ﮏﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻞﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﻲﻃ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮐ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺭﺎﭼﺩ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺪﻧﺍ
. ﻪﺑ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻠﮐ ﺭﻮﻃ
٢٨٤ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
ﺪﺷ . ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ٢ / ٣٧ % ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ )
١٨٣ / ٦٨ ( ، ٢ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺎﻳ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ]
١٣ [ . ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺮﮑﻳﻭ
ﻭ ﺎﻨﺑﺍﺭ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ٧٤
/ ٠ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﺩ ﻱﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺮﻫ ﻱﺍﺯﺍ ﻪﺑ ،ﺭﺎﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ
] ١٤ [ . ﻥﺎﻳﺮﮕﺴﻋ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻭ
ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ،ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺍ ٣٤٣
ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺩ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺯﺍﺮﻴﺷ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ .
ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﻪﮐ ٦٩ % ﮏﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ،ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ /
ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ
ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﮏﻳ ﻲﻃ ﺍﺭ ١٢
ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻩﺎﻣ )
ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﻮﻃ ٨٧
/ ١ ﺮﻫ ﻱﺍﺯﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ
ﮏﻳ ﻲﻃ ﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻝﺎﺳ
( ] ١٥ [ . ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ
ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ
ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ ١٠٠ % ﮏﻳ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ،ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﺮﺧﺁ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺎﺑ
ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ /
ﺍﺭ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ ﻲﻃ
١٢ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻩﺎﻣ
ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺪﻧﺍ ! ﻪﺑ ﻲﻠﮐ ﺭﻮﻃ ١١٤٤ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ٢٤٦
ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻱﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺥﺭ )
ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ٦٥ / ٤ ﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺮﻫ ﻱﺍﺯﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ (
] ١۶ .[
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ /
ﻭ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ
ﻪﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ؛ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ
ﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺕ ﺪﺸﻧ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻲﻓﺎﮐ ﺭﻮﻃ .
ﻢﻬﻣ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
ﻡﺪﻋ ﻞﻳﻻﺩ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻫﺩ ﺎﭘ ﺮﻄﺧ ﻳ ﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﻦﻴ ﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺖ ﺒﻨ ﺻ ﻊ ﻪﻣﺪ ، ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻡﺪﻋ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻡﻭﺰﻟ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻫﺩ
ﺪﻧﺩﺮﻛ ﺮﮐﺫ ﻱﺭﺎﺴﻣﺮﺷ ﻭ ﻲﻣﺎﻧﺪﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺱﺮﺗ ﻭ .
ﯽﻓﺎﮐ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻥﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﻪﺘﺷﺭ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﺰﻴﻧ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ .
ﻪﺑ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻝﺎﺜﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺮﮑﻳﻭ
ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ٣ / ٣٨ %
ﻊﻳﺎﺷ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮐ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ،ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
) ٥٤ (%
ﺖﻠﻋ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﮐﺫ ﻲﻣﺎﻧﺪﺑ ﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﺴﻣﺮﺷ ﺯﺍ ﺱﺮﺗ ،ﻥﺩﺮﮑﻧ ]
١٣ [ . ﺭﺩ
ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺮﮑﻳﻭ ﻭ ﺎﻨﺑﺍﺭ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﺰﻴﻧ ٥ / ٢٨ % ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ .
ﻊﻳﺎﺷ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
،ﻥﺩﺮﮑﻧ ﺎﭘ ﻳﻴ ﻦ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﻄﺧ ﻋ ﻧﻮﻔ ﺭﺩ ﺖ
ﺒﻨﻣ ﺻ ﻊ ﻪﻣﺪ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﮐﺫ ]
١٤ [.
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﻱﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻮﻳﺎﺷ
ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻡﺪﻋ ،ﻩﺪﺷ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺪﻨﻳﺁﺮﻓ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ،ﻲﻫﺩ
ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﺮﻄﺧ ﻖﻳﺭﺰﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺖ
ﺖﻴﺗﺎﭙﻫ ﻦﺴﮐﺍﻭ ﺍﺭB
ﻪﺑ ﻊﻳﺎﺷ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻞﻳﻻﺩ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
ﻥﺩﺮﮑﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ
ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ / ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ ﺪﻧﺍ
] ١٧ .[
ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺩﺍﺯﺁ
ﻭ ﻪﺷﻮﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ۳۸
ﺭﺎﭼﺩ ﻪﮐ ﯼﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺮﻔﻧ
،ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻝﺎﺳ ﯽﻃ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ
۳۶%
ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮐ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﮐ
،ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺁ
ﺍﺭ
،ﺭﺰﻳﺍﻭﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﻴﻤﮐ
ﻝﺮﺘﻨﮐ
ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﺎﻳ
،ﺲﻧﺍﮊﺭﻭﺍ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺩ . ﻡﺪﻋ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻞﻠﻋ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
ﻲﻫﺩ
ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻱﻮﺳ ﺯﺍ
،ﻥﺍﺭﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﺘﻳﺎﺿﺭﺎﻧ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﻴﭘ ﺯﺍ
) ٣٣ (%
ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ،
ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﻄﺧ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ
ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ )
٢٩ (%
ﻪﻠﻐﺸﻣ ، ﻱﺭﺎﮐ ) ٥ / ١٢ (%
ﻭ
ﻡﺪﻋ ﻲﻳﺎﻨﺷﺁ ﺪﻨﻳﺁﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻲﻫﺩ ) ١٧ (%
ﺖﺳﺍ ] ١٨ .[
ــــ ـ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ـ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ /
ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻬﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ
ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﯼﺎﻫ
۶۱
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ
،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻞﻳﻻﺩ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻢﮐ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
،ﻲﻫﺩ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﻭﺎﻀﻗ ﺯﺍ ﺕ
ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﺼﺨﺷ ﺭﺩ
ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﻄﺧ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﺭﺩ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ
ﺩﻮﺑ . ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻭﺭ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺩﺍﺩ
ﻪﮐ ﺯﺍ ﺕﻭﺎﻀﻗ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ
ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺮﻄﺧ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻲﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﺯﺍ
ﻩﺍﺭ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺩﻮﺧ
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻭ ﹰﺎﻤﺘﺣ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺍﺭ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺪﻨﻫﺩ . ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﻲﻧﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ
ﻡﺪﻋ ﻲﻳﺎﻨﺷﺁ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻳﺁﺮﻓ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻲﻫﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻲﮑﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻞﻳﻻﺩ ﻡﺪﻋ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻲﻫﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ
،ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮐ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
.
،ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ
ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭ
ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺩﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ .
ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻪﻧ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ
ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻪﮑﻠﺑ ،ﺩﻮﺷ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻫﺩ
ﺪﻫﺩ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ]
١٩ .[
ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺹﺎﺧ ﻲﺗﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ،ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ .
ﻭ ﺏﺁ ﺎﺑ ﹰﻼﻣﺎﮐ ﺮﻴﮔﺭﺩ ﻞﺤﻣ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ
ﺖﺴﺷ ﻥﻮﺑﺎﺻ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻮﺷﻭ
. ﺭﺎﺸﻓ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻞﺤﻣ ﻥﺩﺍﺩ ﺎﺧ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ
ﺝﺭ ﻥﺩﺮﮐ
ﻪﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻖﻓﺍﻮﺗ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﻭﺰﺟ ،ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﻭ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻫ ) CDC ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ( . ﺕﺎﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ،ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﺩﺮﻓ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ
ﻲﺘﻧﺁ ﻥﮊ ﻲﺘﻧﺁ ،HBs ﺖﻴﺗﺎﭙﻫ ﻱﺩﺎﺑ ﻲﺘﻧﺁ ﻭC
ﻱﺩﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﻣ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍHIV
ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﹰﻼﺒﻗ ﻪﮑﻨﻳﺍ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ
. ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻏ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﻪﮐ ﻲﺗﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺩ
ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻲﺴﮐﻼﻴﻓﻭﺮﭘ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻉﻭﺮﺷ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ]
٢٠ .[
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻦﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺩﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ .
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓﻼﺑ ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻦﻴﻟﻭﺍ /
ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ
ﺖﺴﺷ ،ﻥﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﺡﻮﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻥﻮﺑﺎﺻ ﻭ ﺏﺁ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﻞﺤﻣ ﻱﻮﺷﻭ
ﺖﺴﺷ ،ﻲﻃﺎﺨﻣ ﻝﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻮﺷﻭ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻴﻟﺎﺳ .
ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ۲۵
%
ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺖﺣﺍﺮﺟ ﻞﺤﻣ ﻥﺩﺮﺸﻓ ،ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧﺭﺩ ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻦﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ . ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺖﺣﺍﺮﺟ ﻞﺤﻣ ﻥﺩﺮﺸﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻩﺪﺷ
ﺎﺑ ﻥﻮﺧ ﺝﻭﺮﺧ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﺩﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﮏﺴﻳﺭ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ
ﻲﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺭﺎﮐ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻲﮔﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻲﻓﺎﺿﺍ ﺭﺎﮐ ﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﻮﺷ
] ۲۰ .[
ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻧﺎﻔﺳﺎﺘﻣ ۲۰
% ،ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ
ﭻﻴﻫ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
) ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺴﺷ ،ﻥﺩﺮﮐ
ﻞﺤﻣ ﻱﻮﺷﻭ
ﺮﺑ ﺕﺎﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﻴﭘ ،ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻱﺍ
( ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﺪﻧ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ .
ﻦﻳﺍ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﻱﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﺩﺎﻳ ﻭ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺩﻮﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ .
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻦﻴﺴﻨﮑﺗ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺢﺿﺍﻭ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻪﺑ .
ﺯﺍ ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺍﺮﻄﺧ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻫﺎﮔﺁ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ /
ﻭ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ ﻲﻣ ،ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ
ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻫﺩ
.
ﻩﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺡﺮﻄﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﮐ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺗﺭﺎﭘﺩ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻩﺪﺷ
) OSHA ﺖﺒﻗﺍﺮﻣ ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﻨﻤﻳﺍ ﺕﺎﮑﻧ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ،ﻩﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﺕﻻﺎﻳﺍ(
ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺲﻧﺍﮊﺭﻭﺍ ﻥﻮﺧ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻠﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻩﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﻭ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﻥﺪﺑ ﺕﺎﻌﻳﺎﻣ ﺎﻳ ﻲﻧﻮﻔﻋ .
ﻢﻬﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻩﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻄﺧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ ﺏﺎﻨﺘﺟﺍ ،ﻥﻮﺧ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻠﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﺘﺳﻮﭘ .
ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺗﺭﺎﭘﺩ ٢٠٠١
ﻞﻳﺎﺳﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺭﺩﺎﮐ ﺭﺩ ﻞﻏﺎﺷ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺮﮐ ﺪﻴﮐﺎﺗ ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺮﻄﺧ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﻲﺻﻮﺼﺨﻣ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺪﻧﺍ ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻩﺩ ] ٢١ .[
ﻡﺮﺳ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻘﻳﺭﺰﺗ ﻊﻳﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ
ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺷ ،ﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﺎﻳ ﻥﺯﻮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺰﻠﺘﺴﻣ .
ﻥﻭﺰﻓﺍﺯﻭﺭ ﻉﻮﻴﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺖﻴﺗﺎﭙﻫ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺯﺪﻳﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﻲﮐﺎﻧﺮﻄﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺎﻫ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺩﻮﺒﻧﺮﻳﺬﭘ
ﯼﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻳﻻﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﯽﻣ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ؛ﺪﻨﺒﻠﻃ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻦﻴﺣ ﺩﻮﺷ
ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻪﻤﻫ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻡﺎﻤﺗ
ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻨﻤﻳﺍ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﭻﻴﻫ ﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺩﺮﻓ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺮﺑ ﺭﺎﮐ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ /
ﺩﻮﺸﻧ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ .
ﻻ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﮐﺫ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺯ
ﮒﺭ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻨﮐﺭﺎﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺲﻧﺍﮊﺭﻭﺍ ﻂﻳﺍﺮﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ
ﻲﻣ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻘﻳﺭﺰﺗ ﺎﻳ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ،ﺪﻨﻫﺩ
ﻲﻣ ﺩﻮﺷ .
ﻪﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻲﺻﺎﺧ ﻞﻳﺎﺳﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻱﺍﺮﺑCDC
ﻩﺪﺷ ﻲﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺪﻧﺍ
] ٩ [.
ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﻊﻳﺎﺷ ،ﺩﺮﮐ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﮐ ﻱﺮﺠﻴﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
ﮒﺭ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ،ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﺭﺎﭼﺩ ﻲﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻃ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﺎﺑ .
ﻦﻤﻳﺍ ﻭ ﺹﺎﺧ ﻞﻳﺎﺳﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ ﻱﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺴﻧﺍﻮﺗ .
ﻪﺑ ﻞﺴﻧ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ،ﻝﺎﺜﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ
ﺪﺟ ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺪﻳ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ
،ﻡﺎﻧ
"
ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﻦﻤﻳﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ "
ﺎﺘﺳﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻣﺎﮔ
ﺖﺳﺍ . ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﮐ ﺯﺮﻃ ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﹰﻼﻣﺎﮐ ﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻟﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ .
ﮒﺭ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﺘﻗﻭ ﻪﮐ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺯﻮﺳ ﺮﮔﺩﺍﺪﻣﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ
ﻲﻣ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﻲﮑﻴﺘﺳﻼﭘ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﻪﺑ ،ﺪﻨﮐ
ﮏﻳ ﮏﻴﺗﺎﻣﻮﺗﺍ ﺭﻮﻃ ﺩﺭﺎﮔ
ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﮎﻮﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻞﮑﺷ ﻲﺜﻠﺜﻣ ﻱﺰﻠﻓ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺑ ،ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﺎﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯽﻠﮑﺷ ﹰﺍﻮﻬﺳ ﺮﮔﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺮﻴﮔ
ﭻﻴﻫ ،ﺪﻨﮐ ﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺨﻧ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺒﻴﺳﺁ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
.
ﻝﺎﺳ ﺎﺗ ﻩﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﺕﻻﺎﻳﺍ ﻭ ﺎﭘﻭﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻖﺒﻃ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﮐﺫ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺯﻻ ۲۰۱۰
ﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻩ ﺖﮐﻮﻳﮋﻧﺁ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻱﺭﺎﺒﺟﺍ ﺎﻫ
ﻲﻠﻌﻓ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻊﻤﺟ ﯽﻣ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﺩﻮﺷ ] ٢٢ .[
ﻦﻤﻳﺍ ﻲﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﮏﻳ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺑﺮﻣ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻒﻳﺎﻇﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ .
ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ
ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻭ ﻲﺘﻈﻓﺎﺤﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ / ﺩﻭﺭﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺰﻴﺗ ﻡﺎﺴﺟﺍ
ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺭﻮﻀﺣ ﻦﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻴﮐﺎﺗ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺩﻮﺷ ﻱﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎﻳ .
ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻱﺮﻴﮔ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﺤﺷﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ
ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺩﺮﻜﻧ
ﺖﺳﺍ .
ﻊﻳﺎﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺮﺠﻴﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﻥﺯﻮﺳﺮﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺭﻭﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺻ
ﻥﻮﺧ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺎﺑ ﮒﺭ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
