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هرﺎﻤﺷ،مﻮﺳلﺎﺳ،تﺎﺠﻧوداﺪﻣاﯽﻤﻠﻋﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓ 1و2،1390
ترﺎﺴﺧ ﻞﯾﺪﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ رد ناﺮﺤﺑ ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ
ناﺮﻬﺗ نﺎﺘﺳا رد ﻪﻟﺰﻟز زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ
ﻱﺪﻴــﺷﺭ ﻪﻣﻮــﺼﻌﻣ ۱
ﺖــﺸﻣﺍﺭ ﻦﻴــﺴﺣ ﺪــﻤﺤﻣﺮﺘﮐﺩ ، ،۲
ﻒﻴﺳ ﷲﺍﺪﺒﻋ ﺮﺘﮐﺩ ﺐﻳﺮﻏ ﻱﺩﺎﻫ ،۳
۴
۱ - ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻩﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ :
ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻱﮊﻮﻟﻮﻓﺭﻮﻣﻮﺋﮊ ﻱﺍﺮﺘﮐﺩ ﻱﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ
ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺶـﻧﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻱﮊﻮـﻟﻮﻓﺭﻮﻣﻮﺋﮊ ﺪـﺷﺭﺍ ﻲـﺳﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ ﻪـﺘﺧﻮﻣﺁ
ﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺎﺑﺁ ﻒﺠﻧ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻩﺎﮕﺸ
Email: [email protected]
۲ - ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ
۳ - ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻲﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻩﻭﺮﮔﺭﺎﻳﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ
۴ - ،ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﺪﺷﺭﺍ ﺱﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﮐ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻀﻓ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻝﻮﺻﻭ :
۱۵ / ۱ / ۹۰ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ :
۱ / ۳ / ۹۰
هﺪﯿﮑﭼ ﻪــﻣﺪﻘﻣ :
ﺶﻳﺍﺰــﻓﺍ ﻭ ﺖــﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻢﮐﺍﺮــﺗ ﻭ ﺰــﮐﺮﻤﺗ
ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮔﺭﺎﺑ ﻪـﺑ ﺮـﺠﻨﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﺘﺴﺑ ﺮﺑ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺶﻘﻧ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺩﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻭ ﺎﻫ
. ﻲـﮑﻳ
ﻢﻬﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺒﻳﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻪﮐ ﻲﺗﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺙﺩﺍﻮﺣ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ .
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ
، ﺐﻴـﺳﺁ ﻖﻃﺎـﻨﻣ ﻲﻳﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺮﻳﺬـﭘ
،
ﻴﻬﺗ ﺔ ﺸﻘﻧ ﺔ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺐـﺴﺣ ﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ
ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﺕﺎﺟﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ
ﺖﺳﺍ .
شور ﺎﻫ : ﻖـﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ
، ﺺﺧﺎـﺷ ﻦﻴـﺑ ﻁﺎـﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻱﺎـﻫ
ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ - ﺐﻴـﺳﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ ﻞـﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﺬـﭘ
ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ .
ﺭﺩ
ﺯﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ
ﻚﻴﻨﻜﺗ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻧ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻡﺮ ﺭﺍﺰـﻓﺍ
ﺭﺩGIS ﻪﻳﻻ ﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ
ﺪﺷ .
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺎﻫ : ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ ﻪـﮐ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎـﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ
ﻥﻮﻧﺎـﻗ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ ﻞﻴﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ ﺖﺸﮔﺯﺎﺑ ﺩﺍﺪـﺧﺭ ﻥﺎـﮑﻣﺍ ،ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻱﺎﻳﻼﺑ ﺭﺍﺮﮑﺗ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ
ﺶﻴـﭘ ﻞـﺑﺎﻗ ﻭ ﺩﺎـﻳﺯ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﻲـﻨﻴﺑ
ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻴﺳﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺐ ﻅﺎـﺤﻟ ﺯﺍ ﻲـﻧﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﻭ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ
ﻪـﺑ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﻝﺎﻐـﺷﺍ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﺮﺑ ﻖﺒﻄﻨﻣ ﺖﺳﺭﺩ ﻱﺪﺒﻟﺎﮐ ﺔﻠﻴـﺳﻭ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺎﺸﻗﺍ .
ﻪــﺠﯿﺘﻧ يﺮــﯿﮔ
: ﺹﻮــﺼﺧﺭﺩ ﺢﻴﺤــﺻ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪــﻗﺍ
ﺪﻨﻤﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﻪـﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﻳﺎﺷ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ
ﺕﺭﺎﺴﺧ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ . ﻲـﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻪـﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺎﮐ ﻱﺎـﻫ
ﻱﺪـﺒﻟ - ﻭ ﻲﻳﺎـﻀﻓ
ﺪـﻨﻤﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻪـﺑ ﺪـﻳﺎﺑ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﻚﻳﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﺯﺎـﺳ
ﺩﺮﻛ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻱﺎﻳﻼﺑ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ .
تﺎﻤﻠﮐ يﺪﯿﻠﮐ : ،ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ ،ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ،ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ
ﺕﺭﺎﺴﺧ .
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ﻤﻠﻋﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓهرﺎﻤﺷ،مﻮﺳلﺎﺳ،تﺎﺠﻧوداﺪﻣاﯽ1و2 ،1390
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ
ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ـﻣﺯ ﻴ ﻦ ﻝﻮـﻃ ﺭﺩ
ﻩﺭﺍﻮﻤﻫ ﺶﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﻪﺑ
ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻱﺎﻫﻭﺮﻴﻧ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ
ﺏﺮﺨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺷ ﻱﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﻳﺪﻬﺗ
ﺖـﺳﺍ . ﺯﺍ ﻲـﻜﻳ ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﻩﺪــﻳﺪﭘ
ﺎـﻫ ﻱ ﻪــﻛ ﺖـﺳﺎﻣ ﻩﺭﺎﻴـﺳ
ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺎـﺑﺮﻗ ﻥﺍﺭﺍﺰـﻫ ﻥﺎـﻬﺟ ﺮـﺳﺍﺮﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺎـﻬﻨﺗ ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔ
ﻭ
ﺕﺭﺎﺴﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻥﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻲﻟﺎﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺬﮔ ﻱﺎﺟ ﺮﺑ
. ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ
ﻪــﺑ ﺕﺪــﺷ ﻭ ﺖﻌــﺳﻭ ﺰــﻴﻧ ﻭ ﻭﺮــﻤﻠﻗ ﻲﮔﺩﺮﺘــﺴﮔ ﻞــﻴﻟﺩ
ﺕﺭﺎﺴﺧ ﻳﺎﻫ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻪﻛ ﻲ ﻲﻣ
ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ ﺩﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
ﺒﻃ ﻱﺎﻳﻼﺑ ﻴ
ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﻲﻌ ﻪﺑ
ـﻣ ﺭﺎﻤـﺷ ﻲ ﺩﻭﺭ . ﻪـﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ
ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻠﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﻲﻣ
ﺩﻮـﺷ ﺮـﺠﻨﻣ ﻥﺍﺮـﺤﺑ ﺯﻭﺮـﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ
) ۱ (.
ﺎـﺑ ﻪــﺟﻮﺗ ﻪـﺑ ــﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮــﻳﺍ ﺭﻮـﺸﻛ ﻱﺮــﻴﮔﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺔ
ﻩﺯﺮﻟ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻭ ﺎﻴﻧﺩ ﺰﻴﺧ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
ﻥﺎـﻣﺯ ﻭ ﻥﺎـﻜﻣ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﺑ
ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ
، ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺡﺮﻃ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ
ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ
ﻭ ﺕﺍﺮﻄﺧ ﺕﺎﻌﻳﺎـﺿ
ﻞـﺻﺎﺣ ﻢـﻬﻣ ﺭﺎﻴـﺴﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺯﻭﺮـﺑ ﺯﺍ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﺗﺎﻴﺣﻭ .
ﻢﻬﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
ﻲﻠﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ
ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺕﺭﺎﺴﺧ ﺎﻫ ﻱﺎﻳﻼﺑ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﻠﺗ ﻭ
ﺗ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺄ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺮﻴﺛ ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ
ﺍﺭﺎﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) ۱ ( . ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺎﻳ ﻲﻫﺪﻧﺎﻣﺎﺳ
ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﺖﻳ ﻪﺑ
ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺮﻓ ﻱﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﺍ
ﻪـﺑ ﺞﺘـﻨﻣ ﺪـﻨﻳ
ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺯﺮﻟ
ﺭﺩ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻱ
ﻭ ﻢــﻬﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ،ﻱﺮﻴﮕــﺸﻴﭘ ﺩﺎــﻌﺑﺍ ﺭﺩ ﮒﺭﺰــﺑ ﺮــﻄﺧ
،
ﻭ ﺩﺍﺪﻣﺍ ،ﻲﻳﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ﻭ ﺩﻮـﺒﻬﺑ ،ﻲﻧﺎﺒﻴﺘﺸﭘ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ،ﺕﺎﺠﻧ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﺯﺎﺳﺯﺎﺑ )
۲ (.
ﺎﺑ ﺴﺑ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻴ
ﺭﺎ ﺯ ﻳ ﺩﺎ ﻞﺴﮔ ﺎﻫ
ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ
ﺍﻮـﺳ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺭﺎـﺗ ﻖﺑ
ﻳ ﺨ ﻲ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ـﻴ ﺖ ﺍ ـﻳ ﻦ
ﻞﺴﮔ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻳ ﻦ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﺩﺮﺑ ﻲﭘ ﺯﻭﺭ ﻪﻛ ﻱ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﭼ ﻪﻧ
ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻱﺍ
ـﻈﻋ ﻴ ﻢ ﺪـﺷ ﺪـﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻪـﺟﺍﻮﻣ .
ﺭﺩ
ﺭﺎﺗ ﻖﺑﺍﻮﺳ ﻳ
ﺨ ﻲ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﻲ ـﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺔ
۱/
۷
ﻱﺮﺘﺸﻳﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻧﻭﺎﻣﺩ ۱۸۳۰
ﻱﺩﻼﻴﻣ
، ﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺔ ۲/
۷ ﺭ ﻳ ﺮﺘـﺸ ﻱ
۱۱۱۷ ﻣ ﻴ ﺩﻼ ﻱ
،ﺝﺮﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻟﺰﻟﺯ
ﺔ ۷/
۷ ﺭﻳ ﺮﺘـﺸ ﻱ ﻟﺎﻃ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎـﻘ
۹۵۸ ﻣ ﻴ ﺩﻼ ﻱ
، ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ۱ /۷ ﺭ ﻳ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻱ ﺭ ﻱ ﺭﺩ ۸۵۵ ﻣ ﻴ ﺩﻼ ﻱ ﻭ
ﺴﺑ ﻴ ﺭﺎ ﻱ ﺩ ﻳ ﺮﮕ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻻﺎـﺑ ﻱ ۷ ﺭ ﻳ ﺮﺘـﺸ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﺖـﺒﺛ
ﺖﺳﺍ . ﺭﻭﺩ ﺓ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺖﺸﮔﺯﺎﺑ ﺎـﻫ
ﻱ ﺩﻭﺪـﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ ۱۵۰
ﻟﺍ ﻲ ۲۰۰ ﻣ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻲ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻥﻮﭼ ﺮﺧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻳ ﻦ ـﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺔ ﻧﻴ ﺪـﻨﻣﻭﺮ ﺑﻴ
ﺶ ﺯﺍ ۱۷۰ ﺮـﻄﺧ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻉﻮـﻗﻭ
ﺭﺩ ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ
ـﺴﺑ ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ ﻴ
ﺭﺎ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖـﺳ ) ۳ (.
ﻞـﺴﮔ ﺎـﻫ ﻱ ﻠـﺻﺍ ﻲ ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ
ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻧ : ﺎﺸﻣ ﻞﺴﮔ -
ﻢـﺸﻓ ، ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ ﻝﺎﻤـﺷ ﻞـﺴﮔ ،
ﻧ ﻞﺴﮔ ﻴ ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺎ ، ﺎﭘ ﻮﻠﺗ ﻞﺴﮔ ﻴﻳ
ﻦ ، ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﻞﺴﮔ ـﻳ
ﻪ ، ﻞـﺴﮔ
ﺷ ﻴ ﻥﺎ ﺮﺛﻮﻛ ﻭ ، ﺭ ﻝﺎﻤﺷ ﻞﺴﮔ ﻱ
، ﺭ ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ﻞﺴﮔ ﻱ
، ﻞﺴﮔ
ﺮﻬﮐ ﻳ ﻙﺰ ، ﺭﺎﺴﻣﺮﮔ ﻞﺴﮔ ،
ﭘ ﻞﺴﮔ ﻴ ﺍﻮﺸ ﻭ ﭼﺭﺎـﭘ ﻞﺴﮔ ﻴ
ﻦ .
ﻞﺴﮔ ﻪﺘﺒﻟﺍ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﻋﺮﻓ ﻲ ﺯ ـﻳ ﺩﺎ ﻱ ﺢﻄـﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ
ﺩﻮـﺟﻮﻣ
؛ﺖﺳﺍ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻚﻣﺭﺎﻧ ، ﺩﺎﺑﺁﺩﺎﺷ ، ﺩﻭﻭﺍﺩ ﻳﻪ ، ﺱﺎـﺒﻋ ﺩﺎـﺑﺁ ، ﻍﺎـﺑ
ﻓﻴ ﺾ ﻭ ...
. ﺍﺮﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻳ
ﺭﺩ ﻢﮐﺎﺣ ﻂ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ
ﻅﺎـﺤﻟ ﺯﺍ
ﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻴﺎ ﻲﻳ
، ﺚـﺤﺑ ﺪـﻣ ﻳﺮ ﻳ ﺖ ﺪـﻌﺗ ﺖـﻬﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮـﺤﺑ ﻳ
ﻞ
ﺕﺭﺎــﺴﺧ ﺎــﻫ
ﻞــﺻﺎﺣ ﻱ ﺭﺩ ﻪــﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺯﺍ
ﻥﺍﺮــﻬﺗ ﺮــﻣﺍ ﻱ
ﺏﺎﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﺬﭘﺎﻧ ﻳ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮ ) ۳ (.
ﺭﺩ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪـﺑ
ﻲﻳﺎـﺳﺎﻨﺷ
ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ
، ﻴﻬﺗ ﺔ ﺸﻘﻧ ﺔ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻧ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻁﺎﻘ
ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺳﺁ ﺕﺎﺟﺭﺩ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺮﺑ ﻴ
ﺬـﭘ ﺐ ﻳﺮ ﻱ ﻪـﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻩﺪـﺷ
ﺖﺳﺍ . شور ﺎﻫ ،ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ
ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻌﻗﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻴ
ﺖ
ﺳ ﻴ ﺳﺎ ﻲ ﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻳ ﮏ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻦﻴـﺑ ﻁﺎـﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻞـﻴﻠﺤﺗ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ -
ﺭﺩ ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ ﻞـﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﺎـﺑ ﻲﻋﺎـﻤﺘﺟﺍ
ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ
ﻪـﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ
ــﺷ ﺪ.
ﻦﻴــﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺯﺍ
ﺖــﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻚــﻴﻨﻜﺗ ﻭ ﺎــﻫ ﻲــﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻱﺎــﻫ
ﻡﺮﻧ ﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻬﺗ ﺭﺩGIS
ﻴﺔ ﻪﻳﻻ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘـﺳﺍ
ﺪـﺷ .
ﻊﻤﺟ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ
ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ
ﺵﻭﺭ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻲﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﻳﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻨﺘﺒﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺮـﻬﺑ
ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮـﻴﮔ
ﻡﺮــﻧ ﻲــﻨﺘﺒﻣ ﻱﺎــﻫﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺕﺎــﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻢﺘــﺴﻴﺳ ﺩﺮــﻜﻳﻭﺭ ﺮــﺑ
ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﺬـﭘ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ
ﻳ ﺖﻓﺮ . ـﻫﺭﺎﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﻡﺎـﺠﻧﺍ ﻱﺎ
ﻝﺪﻣ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻲﮕﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﻭ ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﺎﻫ
ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ .
ﯾ ﻪﺘﻓﺎ ﺎﻫ ﺎـﺑ ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ۱۸۹۰۹
ﮐ ﻴ ﺮﺘﻣﻮـﻠ ،ﺖﺣﺎـﺴﻣ ﻊـﺑﺮﻣ
ﺎﻀﻓ ﻲﻳ ﻝﺩﺎﻌﻣ ۲/۱ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﻞﮐ ﺖﺣﺎﺴﻣ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ .ﺍ
ـﻳ ﻦ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ ﻪـﺑ ﻝﺎﻤـﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ
ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ﺯﺍ ،ﻥﺍﺭﺪﻧﺯﺎﻣ ﺯﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺏﺮﻏ ﺯﺍ ،ﻢﻗ
42
هرﺎﻤﺷ،مﻮﺳلﺎﺳ،تﺎﺠﻧوداﺪﻣاﯽﻤﻠﻋﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓ1و2 ،1390
ﻣ ﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻥﺎﻨﻤﺳ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻕﺮﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻲ
ﺩﻮﺷ . ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ
ﻌﻗﻮﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻴ
ﺖ ﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻴﺎ ﻲﻳ ﺑﻴ ﻦ ۳۴ ﻭ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ۵۲ ﻗﺩ ﻴ ﻪﻘ ﺎﺗ
۳۶ ﻭ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ۲۱ ﻗﺩ ﻴ ﻪﻘ ﻟﺎﻤﺷ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻲ
ﻭ ۵۰ ﻭ ﻪـﺟﺭﺩ ۱۰
ﻗﺩ ﻴ ﻪﻘ ﺎﺗ ۵۳ ﻭ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ۱۰ ﻗﺩ ﻴ ﻪﻘ ﻗﺮﺷ ﻝﻮﻃ ﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ .
ـﻣ ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲ
ﺍﻮـﺗ ﻥ ﻪﺘـﺷﺭ ﺯﺍ
ﻩﻮﮐ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺮﺑ ﻡﺎﻧ ﺯﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻳ
ﻦ ﺎﺴﻤﻫ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻳﺔ
ﻟﺎﻤﺷ ﻲ
ﻣ ﺍﺪﺟ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻲ
؛ﺪـﻨﮐ ﺍ ـﻳ ﻦ ﻕﺮـﺷ ﻪـﺑ ﺏﺮـﻏ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺎـﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ
ﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻳ ﺶ ﻣ ﻲ ﻳ ﺪﺑﺎ ﻠﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺔ ﺩﻮـﺧ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺮﺜﮐﺍﺪﺣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧﻭﺎﻣﺩ
ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﺳﺭ . ﻩﻮﮐ ﺎﻫ ﻱ » ﻩﻮﮐ ﺩﺍﻮﺳ « ﻭ » ﻓﻴ ﻩﻮﮐﺯﻭﺮ « ﺖﻤـﺳ ﺭﺩ
ﺕﺎـﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻪـﺑ ﻕﺮﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻕﺮﺷ
» ﻤﻬﺷ ﻴ ﺩﺍﺯﺮ
« ﻣ ﻲ ﭘﻴ ﺪﻧﺪﻧﻮ ) ﻞﮑﺷ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ۱ (.
ﺩ ﺯﺍ
ﻳ ﺮﮕ ﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻳ
ﻦ ﻣ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻲ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻩﻮـﮐ ﻪﺑ ﺎـﻫ ﻱ
ﻦﺴﺣ ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ﺭﺩ ﮏﻤﻧ ﻭ ﺩﺎﺑﺁ
، ﺑ ﻲ ﺑ ﻲ ﻮﻧﺎﺑﺮﻬﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺬﻋﺎﻗﺍ ﻭ
ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ﻗﺮﺷ ﻲ ﻓ ﺮﺼﻗ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻴ
ﻩﺯﻭﺮ ﻩﺭﺎـﺷﺍ ﻕﺮـﺷ ﺭﺩ
ﺩﺮﮐ . ﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻳ
ﻦ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺳ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻴ
ﺳﺎ ﻲ
ﺭﻮﻬﻤﺟ ﻱ ﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻲ ﺍﻳ ﻥﺍﺮ ﻄﻣ ـﻣ ﺡﺮ ﻲ ،ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ ﻪـﮐ ﻳ ـﮑ ﻲ ﺯﺍ
ﺎﻤﺗ ﻩﻮﺟﻭ ﻳﺰ
ﻣ ﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻲ
،ﺩﻭﺭ ﺎﺑ ۱۱ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺮﻬﺷ -
ﻪـﺑ
ﻡﺎﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻓ ،ﺮﻬﺸﻣﻼﺳﺍ ،ﺪﻧﻭﺎﻣﺩ ﻴ
،ﻩﻮﮐﺯﻭﺮ ﺭ ﻱ
، ﺮـﮐ ﻁﺎﺑﺭ ﻳ
،ﻢ
ﻤﺷ ﻴ
،ﺕﺎﻧﺍﺮ ﻣﺍﺭﻭ ﻴ
،ﻦ ﭘ ،ﺖﺷﺪﮐﺎﭘ ﻴ
،ﺍﻮﺸ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻳ ﺭﺎ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻭ - ،
۲۷ ،ﺶﺨﺑ ۴۳
،ﺮﻬﺷ ۷۱ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻫﺩ ۱۳۵۸ ﺩﺎﺑﺁ ﻱ ﻭ ۲۵۷۸
ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺎﺘﺳﻭﺭ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﺴﺑ ﻴ ﺭﺎ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻣ
ﻲ ﺩﻮﺷ .
ﺷ
ﺷ ﻞﮑ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ۱ - ﻌﻗﻮﻣ ﻴ ﻋﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺖ ﻲ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ
43
ﻤﻠﻋﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓهرﺎﻤﺷ،مﻮﺳلﺎﺳ،تﺎﺠﻧوداﺪﻣاﯽ1و2،1390
ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻞﮑﺷ ۲
- ﻞﺴﮔ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ
ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻲ ﻞﺴﮔ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻲ
ﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻳ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻦ
ﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ ﻴ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻞ ﻲﻳ ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﻣ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﻲ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) ﻞﮑﺷ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ
۲ (.
ﻞﺴﮔ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺘـﺳﺩ ﻭﺩ ﻞﻣﺎـﺷ ﺔ
ﻠـﺻﺍ ﻲ ـﻋﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻲ
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ .ﻳ ﮑ ﻲ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺗ ﻳ ﻦ ﺑﺍﺮﺧ ﻞﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﻲ
ﺪﭘ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺭﺩ ـﻳ
ﻩﺪ
ﺍﺮﮕﻧﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺯ ﺭﺩ ﮎﺎﺧ ﻳﺮ
ﭘ ﻲ ﻩﺯﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺑ ﻴ ﺮﺘـﺸ
ﮎﺎﺧ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺘﻓﺮﺑﺁ ﻉﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻲ
ﻪـﺳﺎﻣ ﻭ ﺍ ﻱ ﺖـﺳﺍ
ﻪﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻥﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﻝﺎﻧﺎﮐ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺢﻄـﺳ ﻥﺪﻣﺁ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺏﻼﺿﺎﻓ
ﻻ ،ﺏﺁ ﺯﺍﺮﺗ ـﻳ
ﻪ ﺍ ﻱ ﻪـﺳﺎﻣ ،ﺖـﺴﺳ ﺍ
ﻱ ﺍﺭ ﺏﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻉﺎﺒـﺷﺍ ﻭ
ﮑﺸﺗ ﻴ ﻞ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ .
ﺍ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻳ
ﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻪ ﻤﺧ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ـﻴ
ﺮ ﻱ
ﻲﻣ ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﻧﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻭ ﻲ
ﺘﺣ ﻪﮐ ﻲ ﻧ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻴ ﻭﺮ ﻱ ﻘﻓﺍ ﻲ ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ
ﻤﻧ ﺏﺍﺮﺧ ﻲ ﻣ ﻥﻮﮔﮊﺍﻭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲ
ﺧﺎﺳ ﻭ ﺪﻨﮐ ﻥﺎﻤﺘ
ﻣ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺮﺑ ﻴ
ﻥﺍﺰ ﺕﺪـﺷ ﺞـﮐ ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ ـﻳ
ﺎ ﹰﻼﻣﺎـﮐ ﻥﻮـﮔﮊﺍﻭ
ﻣ ﻲ ﺩﻮﺷ . ﺍ ـﻳ ﻦ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻠﺌـﺴﻣ ﺟ
ﺖـﻬ ﺭﺩ ﻪـﮐ ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻢـﻬﻣ
ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺑﻮﻨﺟ ﻲ ﻌﻤﺟ ﻢﮐﺍﺮﺗ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻴ
ﺖ ﺴﺑ ﻴ ﺭﺎ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﺳ .
ﺁ ﺯﺍﺮﺗ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺏ
ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺯ ﻳ ﻣﺯﺮ ﻴﻨ ﻲ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻻﺎﺑ
ﺖﺳ
؛ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻱ ﻪﮐ ﻀﻌﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲ ﻣﺯ ﻥﺪﻨﮐ ﺎﺑ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻴ
ﻦ ﻖـﻤﻋ ﺎـﺗ ۵
ﺮﺘﻣ ﻣ ﻲ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ـﺳﺭ ﺏﺁ ﻪﺑ ﻴ
ﺪ ) ۴ ( .ﻳ ـﮑ ﻲ ﺩ ﻳ ﺮـﮕ ﻞـﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﺯﺍ
ﺮﺨﺗ ﻳ ﺐ ﻩﺯﺎﺳ ﺙﺍﺪﺣﺍ ،ﻩﺯﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ
ـﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻴ ﺐ ـﺴﺑ ﻴ ﺭﺎ ﺯ ـﻳ ﺩﺎ ﻭ
ــﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻴ ﻦ ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎــﺳ ﺙﺍﺪــﺣﺍ ــﺒﻟ ﺭﺩ ﺎــﻫ
ﺔ ــﺷ ﻴ ﻧﺍﻭﺮ ﻲ ﺎــﻫ
ﺑﻪ ﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﻲ
ﻟﺎﻤـﺷ ﻲ ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻪـﮐ ﺮـﻄﺧ
ﻣﺯ ﻴ ﻦ ﮓﻨﺳ ﻭ ﺵﺰﻐﻟ ﺭ
ﻳ ﺵﺰ ﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ . ﺖـﺴﺸﻧ ﺎـﻫ ﻱ
ﻧﺎﻬﮔﺎﻧ ﻲ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻳ
ﮑ ﻲ ﺩ ﻳ ﺮﮕ ﺎﻫﺮﻄﺧ ﺯﺍ ﻱ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺖﺳﺍ .
ﮎﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺖﺴﺳ ﻭ ﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﮎﺎﺧ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ﻱ
ﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ ﻴ ﻞ ﺴﺑ ﻴ ﺭﺎ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻳ ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﺖﺴﺸﻧ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻧ ﻪﮐ ﻴ ﻭﺮ ﻱ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ
ﺍﻳ ﻦ ﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ ﻴ ﻞ ﻣ ﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﺍﺭ ﻲ ﺪﻨﻛ .
ﻠﻋ ﻲ ﻞﺴﮔ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻢﻏﺭ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﻠـﺻﺍ ﻲ ﻝﺎﻤـﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ
ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ
، ﺪﻬﺗ ﺩﺭﻮـﻣ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ـﻳ
ﺪـﺟ ﺪ ﻱ ﺭﺩ ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺮـﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ
ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ﺪﻧﺍ
) ﻞﮑـﺷ ﺓﺭﺎﻤـﺷ
۳ (.
ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑﺎــﻧ ﻱ ﺋﺎــﻀﻓ ﻲ ﻓ ﺏﺎــﺗﺯﺎﺑ ، ﻴﺰ
ﻳ ــﮑ ﻲ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑﺎــﻧ ﻱ
44
هرﺎﻤﺷ،مﻮﺳلﺎﺳ،تﺎﺠﻧوداﺪﻣاﯽﻤﻠﻋﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓ1و2 ،1390
ﻋﺎـﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻲ - ﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻱ ﺖــﺳﺍ ) ۵ ( . ﺍﺮﺑﺎـﻨﺑ ﻳ ﻦ ﻩﻭﺮـﮔ ﺎــﻫ ﻱ
ﺳﺁ ﻴ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﻳ ﻭ ﺮ ـﻧﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﻲ
ﺪـﺒﻟﺎﮐ ﻅﺎـﺤﻟ ﺯﺍ ﻱ
ﺖـﺳﺭﺩ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﻝﺎﻐﺷﺍ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﺮﺑ ﻖﺒﻄﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ
ﻭ ﺔﻠﻴﺳ ﺎﭘ ﺭﺎﺸﻗﺍ ﻴﻳ ﻪـﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻦ
ﺖـﺳﺍ . ﻝﻭﺪــﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺓﺭﺎﻤـﺷ
۱ ــﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺔ ﻌﻣ ﻴ ﺎـﻫﺭﺎ ﻱ ﻠﺤﺗ ــﻴ ﻞ
ﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻲ - ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻱ ﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻴ
ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺐ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ .
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ۱ – ﺖﻳﻮﻟﻭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻚﻳ ﺮﻫ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺪﻨﺑ
ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ
ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ - ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ
ﻮﻟﻭﺍ ﻳ ﺖ ﺘﻣﺍ ﻴ ﺯﺎ ﻌﻣ
ﻴ ﺭﺎ
۱ ۸ ﻌﻤﺟ ﻢﮐﺍﺮﺗ ﻴﺘ ﻲ
۲ ۷ ﺮﮔ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻩﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺳﺁ ﻴ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﻳﺮ
۳ ۶ ﻧﻮﮑﺴﻣ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺥﺮﻧ ﻲ
۴ ۵ ﺴﻨﺟ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻲ
۵ ۴ ﺭﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺪﻌﺑ
۶ ۳ ﻣﻴ ﺪﻣﺁﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺰ
۷ ۲ ﻝﺎﻐﺘﺷﺍ ﻉﻮﻧ
۸ ۱ ﺩﺍﻮﺳ ﺢﻄﺳ
ﻮﺤﻧ ﺓ ﻣﺍﺘ ﻴ ﻫﺩﺯﺎ ﻲ ﻧﻭﺭﺩ ﻲ ﺮﻫ ـﻳ ﻌﻣ ﺯﺍ ﮏ ﻴ ﺭﺮﺑ ﺎـﻫﺭﺎ ـﺳ
ﻲ ﻭ
ﺎﺘﻧ ﻳ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺞ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ
۲ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ .
ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻳ ﻪﮐ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ
۲ ﺭﻮﺻ
،ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺕ ﻦﻳﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ
ﺐﻴـﺳﺁ ﻱﺮﻳﺬـﭘ ﻱﺩﺎـﺼﺘﻗﺍ -
ﻲﻋﺎـﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﻪـﺑ
ﺶــﺨﺑ ﺑﻮـﻨﺟ ﻲ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ ﻪــﻛ ﺮـﺑ ﺩﻭﺪــﺤﻣ ﺓ
ﻌﻤﺟﺮﭘ ﻴ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺖ ﻖﺒﻄﻨﻣ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻣ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲ ﺩﻮﺷ . ﻞﮑـﺷ
ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ۳ ﻣﻴ ﺳﺁ ﻥﺍﺰ ﻴ ﺐ ﺬـﭘ ﻳﺮ ﻱ ﺎﮐ ﺪـﺒﻟ ﻱ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ
ﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻲ ﺪﻫﺩ
؛ ﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﻲ ﺑﻮـﻨﺟ ﻲ ﻻﺩ ﻪـﺑ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ ﻳ
ـﻠ ﻲ ﻈﻧ ـﻴ ﺮ
ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﮎﺎﺧ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺖﺴﺳ
، ﻪﮐ ﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻱ ﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ ﻴ ﻞ ﺴﺑ ﻴ ﺭﺎ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻳ
ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﺖﺴﺸﻧ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻧﻴ ﻭﺮ ﻱ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ
،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺑﻴ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻳ ـﺳﺁ ﻦ ﻴ ﺐ
ﺬﭘ ﻳﺮ ﻱ ﺪﺒﻟﺎﮐ ﻱ ﻣ ﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻲ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﻲ ﻟﺎﻤـﺷ ﻲ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ
ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺒﺗﺭ ﺔ ﺪـﻌﺑ ﻱ ـﺳﺁ ﻴ ﺐ ﺬـﭘ ﻳﺮ ﻱ ﺪـﺒﻟﺎﮐ ﻱ ﺩﻮـﺧ ﻪـﺑ ﺍﺭ
ﻣ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﻲ
ﺪﻫﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ
ﻪﺑ ﻻﺩ ﻳﻠ ﻲ ﺮـﻴﻈﻧ
ﻩﺯﺎﺳ ﺙﺍﺪﺣﺍ ﺎﻫ
ﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻴ ﺐ ﺴﺑ ﻴ ﺭﺎ ﺯ ﻳ ﺩﺎ ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻴ ﻦ ﺙﺍﺪـﺣﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎﺳ
ﺒﻟ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﺔ ﺷ ﻴ ﻧﺍﻭﺮ ﻲ ﺎﻫ ﺎﻫﺮﻄﺧ ﻪﮐ ﻱ
ﻣﺯ ﻴ ﻦ ﺵﺰـﻐﻟ
ﮓﻨﺳ ﻭ ﺭ ﻳ ﺵﺰ ﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻲ
،ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ) ۶ (.
ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ۲
- ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﺮﻫ ﻥﻭﺭﺩ ﻲﻫﺩﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ
ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ
ﻮﺤﻧ ﺓ ﻲﻫﺩﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ
ﺩﺍﻮﺳ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ
ﻢﮐ ﺩﺍﻮﺳ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
= ۱
ﺩﺍﻮﺳ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
= ۰
ﻲﻣ ﺐﺴﮐ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
.
ﻉﻮﻧ ﻝﺎﻐﺘﺷﺍ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﻝﺎﻐﺘﺷﺍ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
= ۱
ﻝﺎﻐﺘﺷﺍ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ
= ۰
ﻲﻣ ﺐﺴﮐ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
.
ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﺪﻣﺁﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺪﻣﺁﺭﺩ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
= ۱
ﺪﻣﺁﺭﺩ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ
= ۰
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻲﻣ ﺐﺴﮐ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ .
ﺪﻌﺑ ﺭﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺭﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ
= ۱
ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
= ۰
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺐﺴﮐ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ .
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻲﺴﻨﺟ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﻲﺴﻨﺟ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
= ۱
ﻲﺴﻨﺟ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ
= ۰
ﻲﻣ ﺐﺴﮐ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
.
ﺥﺮـﻧ ﺭﺍﻮﻧﺎـﺧ ﺭﺩ
ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻲﻧﻮﻜﺴﻣ ﺪــﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﻮﻧﺎــﺧ ﺥﺮــﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ
ﻲﻧﻮﮑﺴﻣ
= ۱
ﻢــﮐ ﺪــﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﻮﻧﺎــﺧ ﺥﺮــﻧ ﻦﻳﺮــﺗ
ﻲﻧﻮﮑﺴﻣ
= ۰
ﻲﻣ ﺐﺴﮐ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
.
ﻭﺮــــﮔ ﻩ ﻱﺎـــــﻫ
ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ ) ﻩﻭﺮﮔ
ﻲﻨﺳ ۱۵ - ۰ ﻭ ۶۵
ﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ ( ﻩﻭﺮـــﮔ ﺢﻄـــﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺘـــﺸﻴﺑ ﻱﺎـــﻫ
ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ
= ۱
ﻩﻭﺮـــﮔ ﺢﻄـــﺳ ﻦﻳﺮـــﺘﻤﮐ ﻱﺎـــﻫ
ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ
= ۰
ﻲﻣ ﺐﺴﮐ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
.
ﻢﻛﺍﺮﺗ ﻲﺘﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻲﺘﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻢﮐﺍﺮﺗ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
= ۱
ﻲﺘﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻢﮐﺍﺮﺗ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﮐ
= ۰
ﻲﻣ ﺐﺴﮐ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ .
45
هرﺎﻤﺷ،مﻮﺳلﺎﺳ،تﺎﺠﻧوداﺪﻣاﯽﻤﻠﻋﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓ 1و2 ،1390
ﻞﮑﺷ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ۳ - ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘ
ﻱﺪﺒﻟﺎﻛ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ
ﺚﺤﺑ
ﺪﻣ ﻳﺮ ﻳ ﺖ ـﭘ ﺕﺭﻭﺮـﺿ ﺮـﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﻴ
ﺶ ﺑﻴ ـﻨ ﻲ ﻭ ﻢﻈﻨـﻣ
ﮔﺩﺎﻣﺁ ﺐﺴﮐ ﻲ
ﺍﺮـﺑ ﻱ ﻞﺋﺎـﺴﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻪﺘـﺳﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺎـﺑ ﺩﺭﻮـﺧﺮﺑ
ﻠﺧﺍﺩ ﻲ ﺟﺭﺎﺧ ﻭ ﻲ
، ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪـﺟ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻱ
ﺣ ـﻴ ﺕﺎ ﺪﻬﺗ ﺍﺭ ـﻳ ﺪ
ﻣ ﻲ ﺗ ،ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺄﮐ ﻴ ﺪ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ) ۷ ( . ﺪﻣ ﻳﺮ ﻳ ﺖ ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻟﺰﻨﻣ ﺔ ـﻳ ﮏ
ﺘﺷﺭ ﺔ ﻤﻠﻋ ﻲ
، ﻪﺑ ﻠﮐ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻲ ﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺯﻮ ﺓ ﺪﻣ ﻳﺮ ﻳ ﺖ ﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻳ ﮏ
ـﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲ ﮔ ـﻴ ﺩﺮ ﻪـﺑ ﻭ ﻝﺮـﺘﻨﮐ ﺚـﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﺹﺎـﺧ ﺭﻮـﻃ
ﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻳ ﮏ ﻣ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻲ ﺩﻮﺷ ) ۸ ( . ﺪﻣ ﻳ ﻥﺍﺮ ﭘﻴ ﻭﺮـﺸ ﺵﻼـﺗ
ﻣ ﻲ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻳ
ﻪﺘﻓﺎ ﺎـﻫ ﻱ ﺪـﻣ ﻳﺮ ﻳ ﺖ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮـﺤﺑ
ﻔﻠﺗ ــﻴ ﻖ ﺎﻫﺩﺭﻭﺎﺘــﺳﺩ ﺎــﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻱ
ﺪــﻣ ﻳﺮ ﻳ ﺖ ﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘــﺳﺍ ﻳ ﮏ ﻭ
ﺪــﻣ ﻳﺮ ﻳ ﺖ ﺳ ﻴ ﻢﺘــﺴ ﺎــﻫ ﻱ ﮎﺎــﻧﺮﻄﺧ ﺝﺍﻮــﻣﺍ ﺯﺍ ،ﻝﺮــﺘﻨﮐ
ﺎﻫﺩﺍﺪـﺧﺭ ﻱ
ﻏ ﻴﺮ ﻗﺮﺘﻣ ﺪــﻨﻨﮐ ﺏﺎــﻨﺘﺟﺍ ﻪــﺒ .
ــﺑ ﻪ ــﻠﮐ ﺭﻮــﻃ ﻲ
ﻕﻼﻃﺍ ﻲﺗﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﻣ
ﻪﻛ ﺩﻮﺷ
،ﻪﺤﻧﺎـﺳ ﻉﻮـﻗﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺪـﻌﺑ ﻭ ﻉﻮـﻗﻭ ﻦﻴـﺣ ،ﻉﻮـﻗﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﺑ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻡﺎـﺠﻧﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺽﺭﺍﻮﻋ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﭼ ﺮﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ) ۹ ( . ﺎـﻳﻼﺑ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻲﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ ﺑﻪ
ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻲﻣ
ﺪﻨﻴﺑ ﻲﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﻫﺎﮕﺘﻧﻮﮑﺳ ﻲ
ﺖـﺳﺍ
ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺕﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺎـﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻱﺰﻳﺭ
ﺍﺭ ﻥﺍﺮـﺤﺑ
ﻦﺷﻭﺭ ﻲﻣ ﺩﺯﺎﺳ ) ۱۰ ( . ﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﺔ ﺕﺭﺎـﺴﺧ ﺎـﻫ
ﻳ ﻲ ﻚـﻳ ﻪـﻛ
ﺩﺎــﺠﻳﺍ ﻪﺤﻧﺎـﺳ ﻲــﻣ
ﻪــﺑ ﺪــﻨﻛ ﻪــﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺩﺎــﻳﺯ ﻞــﻣﺍﻮﻋ
ﺖﺧﺎﺳﺮﻳﺯ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﮕﺘـﺴﺑ ﻱﺮﻬـﺷ ﻱﺎـﻫ
. ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻴـﺴﺑ ﺭﺩ
ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﺎﻫ ﺪﻳﺪﺷ ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻝﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻱ ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ
ﺩﺎﺑﺁﺮﻴﺼﺣ ﺎـﻫ
ﻪـﻠﺤﻣ ، ﺎـﻫ ﻭ ﻦﻴـﺸﻧﺮﻴﻘﻓ ﻱ ﻪﻴـﺷﺎﺣ
ﻦﻴـﺸﻧ
ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
، ﺤﻧﺎﺳ ﻚﻳ ﺔ
ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ـﻳ ﮏ
ﻌﺟﺎﻓ ﺔ ﻈﻋ ﻴ ﺪﺒﺗ ﻢ ﻳ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻞ . ﻧ ﻥﺍﺮـﻬﺗ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮـﻣ ﺭﺩ ـﻴ
ﺰ
ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺑﻮﻨﺟ ﻲ ﻢﮐﺍﺮـﺗ ﺰـﮐﺮﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ
ﻌﻤﺟ ﻴﺘ ﻲ ﻣ ﻲ ﺍﻮﺗ ﺳﺁ ﺪﻧ ﻴ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﻳ ﺮﺗﺮ ﻳ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﻦ ﺎـﻫ
ﻱ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻳ ،ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻦ ﻙﺪـﻧﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﺘـﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ
ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ ، ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﻫ ﺎ ﻩﺩﻮـﺳﺮﻓ ﻱ
، ﺖـﻓﺎﺑ ﻲـﻜﻳﺩﺰﻧ ﺎـﻫ
ﻱ
ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﻮﻜﺴﻣ ﻳ
ﺪﮑ ﻳ
،ﺮﮕ ﺶﻨﻛﺍﺮـﭘ ﻭ ﻊـﻳﺯﻮﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑﺎـﻧ
ﻲـــﻨﻤﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻲـــﺴﻧﺍﮊﺭﻭﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﺪـــﺧ ﺩ ﺯﺍ
ﻳ ﻞـــﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﺮـــﮕ
ﺳﺁ ﻴ ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﻳﺮ ﻱ ﺍﻳ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻦ )
۱۱ (.
ﻳ ﮏ
46
ﺼﻓهرﺎﻤﺷ،مﻮﺳلﺎﺳ،تﺎﺠﻧوداﺪﻣاﯽﻤﻠﻋﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠ1و2 ،1390
ﺳ ﻴ ﺪــﻣ ﻢﺘــﺴ ﻳﺮ
ﻳﺘ ﻲ ﺤــﺻ ﻴ ــﻣ ﺢ ﻲ ﺪــﻌﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺪــﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻳ
ﻞ
ﺕﺭﺎﺴﺧ ﺎﻫ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻱ ﺴﺑ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺯﺍ
ﻴ ﻔﻣ ﺭﺎ ﻴ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺪ . ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ
ﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻩﺩﺍ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻤﻋ ﺓ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻲﺛﺩﺍﻮﺣ
ﺥﺭ ﻂﻳﺍﺮﺷ ﻲﻣ
ﻱﺯﻮـﺳ ﺶـﺗﺁ ،ﺪﻫﺩ ﻞـﺻﺎﺣ
ﺯﺍ ﻪﻣﺪـﺻ
ﻜﺒﺷ ﻥﺪﻳﺩ ﺔ
ﺖﺧﻮﺳ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ -
ﺭﺩ ﻡﻭﺎﻘﻣﺎﻧ ﺢﻟﺎﺼﻣ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻪﺑ
ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ -
ﺎﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻮـﻗ ﺭﺎﺸﻓ ﻁﻮﻄﺧ
ﻱ
ﻣ ﻕﺮﺑ ﻲ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻜﺒﺷ ﻥﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﻮﻟﺁ ﺔ
ﺏﺮﺷ ﺏﺁ ﺏﻼﺿﺎﻓ ﻪﺑ
ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻂﻳﺍﺮـﺷ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺞﻳﺍﺭ ﺢﻧﺍﻮﺳ ﺯﺍ .
ﻲـﺳﺮﺘﺳﺩ
ﺖﺴﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﺎﻫ
ﻥﺍﺮـﺤﺑ ﻡﺎـﮕﻨﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺯﺎﮔ ﺭﺎﺸﻓ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﻱ
ﻲﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻴﮕـﺸﻴﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ ﺢﻧﺍﻮـﺳ ﺢﻄـﺳ
.
ﺎﺳ ﻡﻭﺎﻘﻣ ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻱﺯ ﺎﻫ
ﻢﻬﻣ ﻭ ﻲﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﻱ ،
ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ﻩﺩﺎﻣﺁ
ﺖﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺎـﻫ ﻲﻳ ﻱﺍﺮـﺑ ـﻓ ﻲﻧﺎـﺳﺭﺩﺍﺪﻣﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺭﺍﺮﻄـﺿﺍ ﺩﻭﺮ
ﻲﻳﺍﻮــﻫ ، ﺡﺮــﻃ ﺔــﻴﻬﺗ ﻪــﻨﻬﭘ ﻱﺍﺮــﺑ ﻲﻌــﺿﻮﻣ ﻱﺎــﻫ
ﺎــﻫ ﻱ
ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ ، ﺕﺎﻃﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ ،
ﺖـﻳﻮﻘﺗ ﺕﺍﺰـﻴﻬﺠﺗ
ﮋﻳﻭ ﺓ ﻲﻧﺎﺳﺭﺩﺍﺪﻣﺍ ﻲـﮕﻤﻫ
ﻲـﻣ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ ﺪـﻨﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﺕﺭﺎﺴﺧ ﺎﻫ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﺕﺎﻔﻠﺗ ﻭ )
۱۲ (.
ﺎﻫدﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ
ﺪﻤﻋ ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺓ
ﺕﺭﺎﺴﺧ ﻩﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺎﻫ
ﺮﻴﻏ ﻱ
ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﻣ
ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻥﻻﻮﺌﺴﻣ ،ﺩﻮﺷ ـﺴﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﺄ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻟ
ﻳﺎﺑ ﺪ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻨﭼ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﺮﻴﺴﻣ ﻨﻨﻛ
ﺪ:
- ﺯﺎﺳ ﻭ ﺖﺧﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺎـﻫ
ﻪـﺑ ﻁﻮـﺑﺮﻣ ﻂﺑﺍﻮـﺿ ،ﺪـﻳﺪﺟ ﻱ
ﻡﻭﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺯﺎﺳ ـﺷ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﻱﺪﺟ ﺭﻮﻃ ﺩﻮ
ﺭﺎـﻛ ﻭ ﺯﺎـﺳ ﻭ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ـﺴﻣ
ﺄ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎـﺳ ﻑﺮـﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻟ ﺎـﻫ
ﻁﻮـﺑﺮﻣ ﻱ
ﺩﻮﺷ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻭ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ .
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮔﺍﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺭﺎﻈﻧ
ﺩﻮﺷ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺩﻮﺧ ﻲﺻﻮﺼﺧ .
- ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺎـﻫ
ﻪـﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻞـﺑﺎﻗ ﺭﺍﺪـﻘﻣ ﻲﻤﻳﺪـﻗ ﻱ ﻱﺍ
ﺖـﺳﺍ ﻩﺪـﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘـﺳﺍ ﻢﻜﺤﻣ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﭼ ﻪﻧ ﺕﻼﻣ ﺎﺑ ﮓﻨﺳ .
ﺎﻫﺭﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﹰﺎﻣﻮﻤﻋ
ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻡﻭﺎﻘﻣﺎﻧ ﻭ ﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳ
ﺵﺰـﻳﺭ ﺕﺭﻮـﺻ
، ﺕﺭﺎـﺴﺧ ﺎـﻫ
ﻱ ﺩﻮـﺟﻭ ﻪـﺑ ﻱﺪﻳﺪـﺷ
ﻲﻣ ﺖﺨﺳ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑﺭﺍﻭﺁ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺭﻭﺁ ﻲﻣ
ﺩﻮﺷ ﺕﺎـﻔﻠﺗ ﻭ
ﻻﺎﺑ ﻱﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻲﻣ
ﺩﺮﺑ . ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺍﺬﻟ ﻭ ﻢﻴﻣﺮﺗ
ﻱﺯﺎﺳﻮﻧ ﻩﺎﮕﺘﻧﻮﻜﺳ ﺎﻫ
ﺩﻮﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ .
) ﺏﻮـﻨﺟ ﺕﻼـﺤﻣ
ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﹰﺎﺗﺪﻤﻋ ﻱﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻱ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ
(.
ﺭﺩ ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺯﺍ ﺪـﻌﺑ ﻲﻧﺎـﺳﺭﺩﺍﺪﻣﺍ ﻪـﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺕﺎﻔﻠﺗ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
ﺖﺳﺍ ) ۱۳ ( ﺎـﺑ ﻥﺎـﻜﻣﺍ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﻭ
ﺕﻼﻴﻬﺴﺗ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻱﺎـﻫﺎﻨﺑﺮﻳﺯ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺰـﻴﻬﺠﺗ ،ﻭﺮـﻴﻧ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ
، ،ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺘﺳﺩ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ
ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺍ ﻢﻫ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺕﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﻗﺍ
:
- ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣﺎﻧ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﺑﺎﻴﺧ
ﺎﻫ ﻪﮐ ﺭﻮﺒﻋ ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ
ﻦﻴــﺷﺎﻣ ﺶــﺗﺁ ﻱﺎــﻫ ﻦــﻜﻤﻣ ﺮــﻴﻏ ﺍﺭ ﻱﺩﺍﺪــﻣﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎــﺸﻧ
ﻲﻣ ﺩﺯﺎﺳ
، ﻥﺎﺑﺎﻴﺧ ﺾﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻭ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺮﺑﺎﻌﻣ ﻭ ﺎﻫ
ﺑﻪ ﻥﺎﺑﺎﻴﺧ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﺎﻫ
ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﻱ ﮔ
ﺩﺮ ﺩ ﺍﺮﻳﺯ ؛ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻗﻭ ﻉﻮ
ﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺔ ﻥﺎﺑﺎﻴﺧ ﺮﺜﻛﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﺎﻫ
ﺭﺍﻮـﻳﺩ ﺵﺰـﻳﺭ ﺮـﺛﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺎـﻫ
ﻦﻜﻤﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺍﺭ ﺩﺩﺮﺗ ﻥﺎﻜﻣﺍ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﻲﻣ
ﺩﺯﺎﺳ .
- ﻪﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺪﺳﺭ ﻪﻛ ﺕﺭﺎﺴﺧ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ
ﻲﻟﺎـﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻧﺎﺟ ﻱ
ﺶﺗﺁ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺯﻮﺳ
ﻪﻟﻮﻟ ﻲﮔﺪﻳﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺎﻫ
ﺯﺎﮔ ﻱ
ﺭﺎﺠﻔﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺯﺍ ﺪـﻌﺑ ﻪـﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎـﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺯﺎﮔ ﻥﺯﺎﺨﻣ
ﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ .
ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮔﺭﺎﻛ ﺎﺑ ﺎـﻫ
ﻚـﻴﺗﺎﻣﻮﺗﺍ ﻊـﻄﻗ ﻱ
ﺾﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺯﺮﻟ ﻪﺑ ﺱﺎﺴﺣ ﺵﺯﺮـﻟ ﻉﻮﻗﻭ
) ﺕﺭﺪـﻗ ﺎـﺑ
ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ( ﺯﺍ ﺯﺎﮔ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﺖﺴﭘ
ﺩﻮﺷ ﻊﻄﻗ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ .
- ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻕﺮـﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻡﺯﻻ ﻲﻧﺎﻣﺭﺩ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﻭ ﺎﻫ
، ﻭ ﺏﺁ
ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣﺮﺳ ﻭ ﻲﺸﻳﺎﻣﺮﮔ ﺕﺍﺰﻴﻬﺠﺗ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ
ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺘﺑ ﺏﺁ ﻭ ﻕﺮﺑ ﻊﻄﻗ ﺭﺩ .
- ﻕﺮﺑ ﻜﺒﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﻬﺷ ﺔ
ﻜﺒﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻳﺍﻮﻫ ﺔ
ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﻲﻨﻴﻣﺯﺮﻳﺯ
ﺩﻮﺷ .
- ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺧ
ﻴ ﺰ ﻩﺎﮕﺘﺳﺩ ﺮـﻟ ﻱﺎـﻫ ﻩﺯ ﻪـﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻱﺭﺎـﮕﻧ
ﻲﻓﺎﻛ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ
ﻩﺍﺭ ﻩﺎﮕﺘـﺴﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺎـﻫ
ﻩﺯﺮﻟ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﮕﻧ ﮔ
ﺩﺮ ﺩ ) ۱۴ (.
- ﮓﻨﺳ ﺎﻫ ﻳ ﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻲ ﻪ ﻪـﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺮـﺑ ﺭﺍﺪـﻳﺎﭘﺎﻧ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺎـﻫ
ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻱﺯﺎـﺴﻛﺎﭘ ﺪﻧﺍ
ﻮـﺷ ﺩ . ﻪـﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﻦـﻳﺍ ﺎـﻫ
ﹰﺎﺗﺪـﻤﻋ
ﻪﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻝﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻑﺮﺸﻣ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ .
- ﻑﺍﺮـﻃﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﺍﻮـﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻑﺎﺻ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻥﺎﺘـﺳﺍ
ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﻛ
ﻭ ﺕﺍﺮﺑﺎـﺨﻣ ﻭ ﻕﺮـﺑ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﺕﺍﺰﻴﻬﺠﺗ ...
ﺰـﻬﺠﻣ
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ
، ﻥﺎﻜﺳﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺖﻗﻮﻣ
ﺶﻴﭘ ﻥﺎﮔﺩﺯ ﻲﻨﻴﺑ
ﮔ ﺮ ﺩﺩ .
- ﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻲ
) ( GIS ﻪﺑ ﻦﮐﺎﻣﺍ ﺭﻮـﻈﻨﻣ
ﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﮎﺭﺩ ﻱ
ﻪـﻟﺰﻟﺯ ﻥﺎﺟ ﺕﺎﺠﻧ ﻥﺎـﮔﺩﺯ
ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﺩﻮﺷ ) ۱۵ (.
- ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﻮﺣ ﺪﻨﭼ ﻪﺑ ﺓ
ﻞﻴﻬﺴﺗ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻱﺪﺒﻟﺎﻛ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺭﺩ
47
هرﺎﻤﺷ،مﻮﺳلﺎﺳ،تﺎﺠﻧوداﺪﻣاﯽﻤﻠﻋﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓ1 و2 ،1390
ﻥﺍﺮـــﺤﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪـــﻣ ﺩﻮـــﺷ ﻢﻴـــﺴﻘﺗ
) ﻩﺯﻮـــﺣ ﻱﺪـــﻨﺑ
ﻱﺪﻨﻓﺍﺪﭘ ( ) ۱۶ (.
- ﻲﻠﻫ ﺩﻭﺮﻓ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺕﺎﺠﻧ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺪﻣﺍ ﻱﺎﻫﺮﺘﭘﻮﻛ
ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺑﺎﻳ ﺩﻮﺷ .
- ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺭﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺯﻮـﺣ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺍﺮﺤﺻ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ
ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﻲﺑﺎﻳ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ .
- ﻴﻧ ﺎﻳ ﺖﻗﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻜﺳﺍ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻥﺎﻨﻛﺎﺳ ﻢﺋﺍﺩ ﻪﻤ
ﻩﺯﻮﺣ ﺮﻫ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ
ﻲﺑﺎﻳ ﺩﻮﺷ .
- ﺁ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﻭﺮﻬﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﮕﻤﻫ ﺵﺯﻮﻣ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺖﻳﺪﺟ ﺎﺑ
.
References
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