ﻡﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻦﻴﺸﻧ :
ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭﺮﻳﺯ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ...
۱۰۳
ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﮔ ﻴ ﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻥﺎﻫﺎ ﻲ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
ﺩ ﻩﺭﻭ ۴۰ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۳ ، ۱۳۸۸ ) ۱۱۱ ‐ ۱۰۳ (
ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻲ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ
(HMW-GS) ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ
ﺎﻫ ﻱ Aegilops crassa ﻣﻮﺑ
ﻲ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
ﺎﺴﻬﻣ ﺸﻧ ﻡﺎﺑ ﻴ
۱ﻦ ،* ﺎﺿﺭﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻮﻘﻧ
۲ﻱ ، ﻠﻋ ﻴ ﺎﺿﺮ ﻌﻟﺎﻃ
۳ﻲ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺎﻗﺁ ﺮﻔﻌﺟﺪﻤﺤﻣ
۴
۱ ، ۲ ، ۳
، ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﮐ ﻱﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻴﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﺪﺷﺭﺍ
ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﮐ ﺲﻳﺩﺮﭘ ،
۴
، ﻖﻘﺤﻣ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﻭ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ
ﮏﻴﺘﻧﮊ ﺶﺨﺑ ،ﺭﺬﺑ ﻭ ﻝﺎﻬﻧ
) ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ :
۳ / ۵ / ۸۷
‐ ﺐﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ :
۲۵ / ۱۰ / ۸۷ (
ﻩﺪﻴﮑﭼ
ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭﺮﻳﺯ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ
(HMW-GS)
ﺭﺩ ١٢٠ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
Aegilops crassa
ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻭﺩ ﺎﺑ
2n=4x=28) (
ﻭ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘ ﺍﺰﮕﻫ
2n=6x=42) (
ﺵﻭﺭ ﺎﺑ
SDS-PAGE
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ .
ﻮﮕﻟﺍ ﻱ ﺪﻨﺑﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﻱ ﺗﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﻲ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻭ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭﺮﻳﺯ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻱﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘ ﺡﻮﻄﺳ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .
ﻟﺁ ﺖﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻩﺩﺯﺎﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻲﻠ
ﻧﮊ ﻥﺎﮑﻣ
Glu- Dcr1 ﻲ ﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ .
ﻲﻠﻟﺁ ﺖﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲﺒﺴﻧ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺮﺜﮐﺍﺪﺣ ١٢
+ ٣ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ٩
/ ٣٠
ﺖﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻥﺁ ﻞﻗﺍﺪﺣ ﻭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ١٠
+ ٢ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ٥
/ ٠ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ .
ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﻟﺁ ﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ
ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﺭﺩ ﻞﻟﺁ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﮐ ﻱﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻞﻟﺁ ،D
١ ، ١٢ ﻭ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ T2
،ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ .
ﻞﻟﺁ ﺶﺷ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﻩﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻲﻤﻧ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ D
ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ،ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ M
ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ .
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻧﺍﻮﺘﻧ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﺕﺎﺼﺘﺨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻭ ﺮﺘﺳﻼﮐ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﮏﻴﮑﻔﺗ ﺮﮕﻳﺪﻤﻫ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺞﻳ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫﺩ
Ae. crassaﻱﺎﻫ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
ﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻌ ﻲﻣ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﮏﻳ ﻪ ﻲﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ
ﻱﺎﺘﺳﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﻥﺁ ﻱﺪﻨﻣﺩﻮﺳ ﺕﺎﺒﺛﺍ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﮐ ﺩﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ
ﻲﺣﻼﺻﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮔ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ .
ﻩﮊﺍﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻱﺪﻴﻠﮐ :
Aegilops crassa
ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ،ﻲﮑﻴﺘﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ، .
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﺎﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺎﺗﺎﺒﻧ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﻲﮑﻴﺘﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻩﺩ
ﻱﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﻡﺎﺧ
ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﺖﺴﻧﺁ
(Pena et al., 1995)
. ﻳ ﻪﺑ ﮏ ﺗﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺩ ﺮﮔﺩﺍﮋﻧ ﻲ
ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺣﻼﺻﺍ ﻲ ﺲﻧﺎﺷ ﻪﮐ ﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻖﻓﻮﻣ ﺩﻮﺧ
ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺍﺮﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ
ﻱ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻭﺍ
(Vojdany, 2003)
. ﻠﻋ ﻴ ﺍ ﻢﻏﺮ ﻳ ﻤﻫﺍ ﻦ ﻴ ﺣ ﺖ ﻴ ﺗﺎ ﻲ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ،
ﺘﻧﮊ ﻴ ﮑ ﻲ ﺴﺑ ﻴ ﺭﺎ ﻱ ﻝﻮﻃ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺕﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺯﺍ
ﻪﻫﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻳ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎ
(Ciaffi et al., 1993;
Metakovsky & Baboev, 1992; Nevo et al., 1982;
Nevo & Payne, 1987)
. ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺍ ﺮﺑ
ﻳ ﻪﮑﻨ
ﻫﺩﺯﺎﺑ ﻲ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺣﻼﺻﺍ ﻲ ﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻲ ﺍ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ،ﺪﻫﺎﮐ ﻳ
ﺩﺎﺠ ﻳ
ﺘﺧﺍﻮﻨﮑ ﻲ ﺘﻧﮊ ﻴ ﮑ ﻲ ﺳﺁ ﻭ ﻉﺭﺍﺰﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻴ
ﺐ ﺬﭘ ﻳ ﺮ ﻱ ﺪﺷ ﻳ ﺪ
ﺯﺭﻭﺎﺸﮐ ﺕﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻱ
ﺑ ،ﺕﺎﻓﺁ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻴ
ﺭﺎﻤ ﻱ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ
ﺤﻣ ﻴ ﻄ ﻲ ﻧ ﻴ ﻣ ﺰ ﻲ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ . ﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻳ ﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻭﺮﻨ ﻴ
ﻝﺎﺒﻧﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻦ ﻳ
ﻦﺘﻓﺎ
ﺪﺟ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻳ ﺘﻧﮊ ﺪ ﻴ ﮑ ﻲ ﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻳ
ﺎﻤﻧ ﻪﺒﻠﻏ ﺕﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﻦ ﻳ
ﺪﻨ
(Ciaffi et al., 1993; Metakovsky & Baboev, 1992;
Smith-Huerta et al., 1989)
.
ﻮﺧ ﻳ ﺸﺣﻭ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﻭﺎﺸ ﻲ
ﺕﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻳ ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺯ
ﻩﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﮏ
ﻔﻣ ﻴ ﺘﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺪ ﻴ
ﮑ ﻲ ﺧﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻴ
ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﹰﺍﺮ
ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺐﻠﺟ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺍﺮﮔﺩﺍﮋﻨﻬﺑ ﺘﺣ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺍ
ﻲ ﺧﺮﺑ ﻲ
ﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺪﻘﺘﻌﻣ ﻴ
ﺁ ﺖ ﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﺗﺎﺒﻧ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ ﻩﺪﻨ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ
ﺘﻧﮊ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻴ ﮑ ﻲ ﺸﺣﻭ ﻲ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻔﻬﻧ
(Jiang et al., 1994;
ﻝﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻩﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ *
: ﻴﺸﻧ ﻡﺎﺑ ﺎﺴﻬﻣ ﻦ
ﻦﻔﻠﺗ
: ۲۲۴۶۰۷۴
‐ ۰۲۶۱
E-mail: [email protected]
۱۰۴ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ
ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
۴۰ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۳ ، ۱۳۸۸
Knott & Dvorak, 1976; Nevo & Payne, 1987;
Smith-Herta et al., 1989)
.
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
Ae. crassa Bioss
ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﺘﻴﺳ ﻭﺩ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ
ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻭ )
2n=4x=28, McrMcrDcr1Dcr1
( ﻭ
)
2n=6x=42, McrMcrDcr1Dcr1Dcr2Dcr2 (
ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻡﺮﻓ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺮﺘﺗ .
ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ
ﻥﺪﺷ ﺖﻔﺟ ﻡﻭﺯﻮﻣﻭﺮﮐ
ﻱﺎﻫ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺯﻮﻴﻣ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﺘﻴﺳ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻭ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ
Ae. crassa
ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ
ﻡﺮﻓ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻥﻮﻴﺳﺍﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻡﺮﻓ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺴﻧﺁ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺮﺘﺗ
Ae. crassa
ﻭ
Ae. tauschii
ﺻﺎﺣ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻞ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﺘﻴﺳ ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻝﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻣﺍ
Ae. crassa
ﻲﻤﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺩﺮﮐ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺖﻗﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ .
ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻨﺑ ﺪﺳﺭ
ﻡﻮﻧﮊ
Dcr1
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
Ae. crassa
ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﺯﺍ
Ae. tauschii
ﻖﺘﺸﻣ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻲﻃ ﺭﺩ ﺲﭙﺳ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻝﻮﻤﺸﻣ ﻲﻳﺍﺯ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ .
ﻲﻤﺳﻼﭘﻮﺘﻴﺳ ﻲﻤﻴﻘﻋﺮﻧ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫﺭﺩ
ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ
Ae. crassa
ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﻭ
ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻢﺳﻼﭘﻮﺘﻴﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻴﻫ ﺭﺬﺑ .
ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﮐﺫ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺯﻻ
ﻲﮑﻳﮊﻮﻟﻮﻓﺭﻮﻣ ﻅﺎﺤﻟ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻭ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﺘﻴﺳ ﻭﺩ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻴﻧ ﺰﻳﺎﻤﺘﻣ .
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
Ae. crassa
ﻪﮐ
،ﻦﻴﻄﺴﻠﻓ ،ﻪﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺭﺩ ،ﻥﺩﺭﺍ ،ﻪﻳﺭﻮﺳ
ﻭ ﺮﻴﻣﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻨﻤﻛﺮﺗ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻟ ،ﻕﺍﺮﻋ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻩﻮﻛ ﺶﻨﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﻪﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻨﮐﺍﺮﭘ ﻱﺎﺘﻟﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻪﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻌﻴﺳﻭ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﻕﺮﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺯﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻪﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻲﺑﺮﻏ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺏﺮﻏ ﻝﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﺭ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺑﻮﻨﺟ ﻞﺣﺍﻮﺳ ﺎﺗ ﺱﺮﮔﺍﺯ ﻩﻮﻛ ﻭ ﺮﻬﺷﻮﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺕﺎﻋ
ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﮔﺰﻣﺮﻫ ﺪﻳﻭﺭ
. ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﺰﮔﺮﻫ ﺎﻣﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻢﮐﺍﺮﺘﻣ ﻭ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻤﻧ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ
، ﺭﺰﺧ ﻱﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻞﺣﺍﻮﺳ ﺎﻨﺜﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﭻﻴﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻤﻧ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﻲﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺍ
ﺩﺩﺮﮔ .
ﺭﺩ ﻲﺘﺣ ﺎﻣﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺎﺸﻧﺎﻣﺮﻛ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻤﻧ ﻩ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ .
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﮔﺯﺎﺳ ﻭ ﺶﻨﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﻪﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﻪﭼﺮﮔﺍ
Ae. tauschii
ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﻣﺍ ﺖﺳﺍﺮﺘﻤﮐ
ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ D
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﺗﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﮔﺯﺎﺳ ﻱﺎﻬﻧﮊ ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻣﺎﻗﺭﺍ ﻥﺎﻧ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻊﻴﺳﻭ ﻲﻜﻴﺘﻧﮊ ﻱﺭﺎﮔﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺮﺗ
ﺏﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﺮﺗ
(William & Mujeeb-Kazi, 1995)
.
ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻴ ﻦ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺧﺫ ﻴ ﻩﺮ ﺍ ﻱ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻧﺍﺩ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻲ
ﺸﺣﻭ ﻭ ﻲ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻴ ﻦ ﺎﻫ ﻭ ﻼﮔ ﻳ ﺪ ﻳ ﻦ ﺎﻫ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ . ﺍ ﻳ ﻦ ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ
ﻴ ﻦ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﺧﺫ ﻪﻧﺍﺩ ﻡﺮﭙﺳﻭﺪﻧﺁ ﻴ
ﻩﺮ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻭ ﮊﺮﻧﺍ ﻱ ﻡﺯﻻ
ﺍﺮﺑ ﻱ ﻪﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﻧﺯ ﻲ ﻨﺟ ﻴ ﻣ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﺍﺭ ﻦ ﻲ
ﺎﻤﻧ ﻳ ﺪﻨ . ﻤﻫﺍ ﻴ ﺍ ﺖ ﻳ ﻦ
ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻴ ﻦ ﺎﺑ ﺏﺁ ﺏﺬﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺴﻧﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻳ
ﺪﮑ ﻳ ﮐﺮﺗ ﺮﮕ ﻴ ﺐ
ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻣ ﺍ ﻱ ﻣ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻡﺎﻨﺑ ﻲ
ﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺩﺭﺁ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺯﺎﺳ ﻴ
ﺖ
ﺪﺒﺗ ﻳ ﻧﻭﺭﺎﮐﺎﻣ ،ﻥﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻞ ﻲ
ﻭ ﺎﺳ ﻳ ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﻓ ﺮ ﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ
ﻲ ﺪﻫﺩ
(Najafian & Abdmishani, 1997)
. ﻭ ﻳ ﮔﮋ ﻲ ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻴ ﻦ ﺎﻫ
ﻪﮐ ﺖﺴﻧﺁ ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﻓ ﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻴ ﻥﮊ ﻢ ﺛﺎﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻴ
ﺍﺮﺷ ﺮ ﻳ ﻂ
ﺤﻣ ﻴ ﻄ ﻲ ﺮﻗ ﻤﻧ ﺭﺍ ﻲ ﮔ ﻴ ﺪﻧﺮ . ﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻳ ﺍ ﻦﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺮﮕ ﻳ
ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻦ ﻴ ﻦ ﺎﻫ
ﻣ ﻲ ﺘﻧﮊ ﻝﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻴ
ﮑ ﻲ ﻢﻫ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺎﺳ ﻞﻟﺁ ﻥﺩﻮﺑ ﺯﺭﺎﺑ
ﺎﻫ ﻱ
ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ .
ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻴ ﻦ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺧﺫ ﻴ ﻩﺮ ﺍ ﻱ ﺎﺑ ۹ ﻧﮊ ﻥﺎﮑﻣ ﻲ
ﻭﺭ ﻪﮐ ﺐﮐﺮﻣ ﻱ
ﻡﻭﺯﻮﻣﻭﺮﮐ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻤﻫ ﻴ ﮒﻮﻟﻮ ۱ ﻭ ۶
ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ
، ﺰﻣﺭ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
(Bahraee, 2003; Ciaffi et al.,
1993; Lafiandra et al., 1993; Payne et al., 1983)
. ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻭﻼﻌﺑ ﻞﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﻩ
ﮏﻴﻨﮑﺗ ﺖﻟﻮﻬﺳ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺯﺭﻮﻓﻭﺮﺘﮑﻟﺍ
ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻴ ﻦ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺧﺫ ﻴ ﻩﺮ ﺍ ﻱ ﺳﻭ ﻪﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻴ
ﻌ ﻲ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺯﺍ
ﺒﻗ ﻴ ﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻞ ﻲﻳ ﺭﺍﻭ ﻳ ﻪﺘ
(Aghaei, 1995; Ciaffi et al.,
1993)
ﻬﺗ ، ﻴ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﻪ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻧﮊ ﻲ
(Ciaffi et al., 1993; Gill et
al., 1991)
ﺩﺭ ، ﻳ ﺑﺎ ﻲ ﻡﻭﺯﻮﻣﻭﺮﮐ ﺎﻫ
(William & Mujeeb-
Kazi, 1995)
ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ، ﻲ ﮐ ﻴ ﻔ ﻴ ﺍﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺖ ﻲﻳ ﻧﻭﺭﺎﮐﺎﻣ ﻭ ﻲ
(Aghaei,
1995; Babaei, 1996; Blackman & Payne, 1987;
Najafian & Abdmishani, 1997)
ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻴ ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻦ ﻲ
ﺘﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻴ ﮑ ﻲ
(Bahraee, 2003; Ciaffi et al., 1993;
Nevo et al., 1982; Nevo & Payne, 1987; William et al., 1993)
ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﮔ
ﻴ ﺪﻧﺮ .
ﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻴ ﻦ ﺛﺎﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺎﻫ ﻴ
ﺮ ﻳ ﺭﺩﻮﭘ ﮏ ﻳ ﻧﻮ ﻲ ﺪﺳ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻳ
ﻭﺩ ﻢ
ﺳﺩ ﻴ ﺕﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﻞ )
(SDS
ﭘ ﻦﺘﺴﮑﺷ ﻭ ﻴ
ﺎﻫﺪﻧﻮ ﻱ ﺩ ﻱ ﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﻴ ﺪ ﻱ
ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻱ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ۲ ‐ ﺯ ﻪﺑ ﻝﻮﻧﺎﺗﺍﻮﺘﭘﺎﮐﺮﻣ ﻳ
ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮ ﻱ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ
ﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻲ ﺯ ﻭ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻳ ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮ ﻱ ﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻲ
ﺋﺎﭘ ﻴ ﺰﺠﺗ ﻦ ﻳ ﻪ
ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ . ﺍﻳ ﺯ ﻦ ﻳ ﺮﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮ ﻳ
ﻟﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺭﻮﻓﻭﺮﺘﮑﻟﺍ ﻥﺎ ﻴ
ﻞ
ﻢﻫ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﮎﺮﺤﺗ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ،ﻞﮑﺷ ﻭ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﮑﻔﺗ ﻴ ﻣ ﮏ ﻲ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮔ
(Jiang et al., 1994; Najafian &
Abdmishani, 1997)
.
ﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻴ ﻦ ﻟﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻲ
ﻻﺎﺑ ) (HMW
ﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻳ ﻪﮑﻨ
ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ﻩﺩ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ
ﻴ ﻦ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﮑﺸﺗ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻧﺍﺩ ﻴ
ﻞ
ﻣ ﻲ ﺛﺎﺗ ،ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻴ ﺴﺑ ﺮ ﻴ ﺯ ﺭﺎ ﻳ ﺩﺎ ﻱ ﻭﺭ ﻱ ﮐ ﻴ ﻔ ﻴ ﺍﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺖ ﻲﻳ ﺹﺍﻮﺧ ﻭ
ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻴ ﻨ ﻲ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ
(Payne et al., 1983)
. ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧﮊ ﻪﮐ
ﺯ ﻳ ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮ ﻱ
‐ HMW
ﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻴ ﻦ ﻥﺎﻧ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺪﮐ ﺍﺭ
ﻣ ﻲ ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﻪﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻲ
ﻧﮊ ﻲ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ
Glu-A1
ﻭ
Glu-B1
ﻭ
Glu-D1
ﻭﺭ ﻱ ﻭﺯﺎﺑ ﻱ ﻡﺯﻮﻣﻭﺮﮐ ﺪﻨﻠﺑ ﻫ
ﺎ ﻱ ﻤﻫ ﻴ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﮒﻮﻟﻮ
ﻳ ﺩﺰﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﮏ ﻳ
ﮑ ﻲ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺮﻣﻭﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ .
ﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﺮﻫ ﻲ ﻧﮊ ﻲ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
ﻡﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻦﻴﺸﻧ :
ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭﺮﻳﺯ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ...
۱۰۵
ﭘ ﺎﺑ ﻥﮊ ﻭﺩ ﻴ
ﮕﺘﺳﻮ ﻲ ﺪﺷ ﻳ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺪ ﻳ
ﮑ ﻲ ﺯ ﻳ ﻉﻮﻧ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮ
ﮕﻨﺳ ﻴ ﻦ ﺮﺗ ) (X
ﺩ ﻭ ﻳ ﺮﮕ ﻱ ﺮﻳﺯ ﮏﺒﺳ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﺗ
) (Y
ﺰﻣﺭ ﺍﺭ
ﻲﻣ ﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻭ ﺪﻨﮐ ﻋ
ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﹰﺎ ﺪﻨﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺙﺭﺍﻮﺗ ﻞﻟﺁ ﮏﻳ
.
ﻧﮊ ﻥﺎﮑﻣ ﻲ
Glu-D1
ﻉﻮﻧ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﺯ
ﻳ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮ ﻭ Y
ﺍﺭ X
ﺰﻣﺭ
ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻨﮐ .
Glu-A1
ﻉﻮﻧ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﺍﺭ X
ﺰﻣﺭ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﻳﺎ ﻫ ﻴ ﭻ ﻳ ﺯﺍ ﮏ
ﺯ ﻳ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮ ﺰﻣﺭ
ﻤﻧ ﻲ ﺪﻨﮐ . ﺭﺩ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ ﻪﮐ
Glu-B1
ﹰﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ
ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﺍﺭ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﻉﻮﻧ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻲﻫﺎﮔ
ﺰﻣﺭ ﺍﺭ X
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ . ﻉﻮﻧ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺖﻴﺋﻭﺭ ﻡﺪﻋ ﻭ X
ﻳ ﺎ ﺪﺑ Y
ﻳ ﻨﻌﻣ ﻦ ﻲ
ﻥﮊ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺰﻣﺭ
ﻤﻧ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻲ
ﻳ ﻭ ﺪﺑﺎ ﻳ ﺍ ﺎ ﻳ ﻭﺭ ﻪﮑﻨ ﻱ ﻝﮊ
ﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺭﻮﻓﺮﺘﮑﻟﺍ ﻴ
ﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦ ﻲ
ﺨﺸﺗ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻴ ﺺ
ﻤﻧ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻲ ﺩﻮﺷ
(Najafian & Abdmishani, 1997; Payne
et al., 1983; Payne et al., 1980; Pena et al., 1995)
.
ﻘﺤﺗ ﻴ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺕﺎﻘ ﻪﮐ
ﺯ ﻳ ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮ ﻲﻳ
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ
ﻧﮊ ﻥﺎﮑﻣ ﻲ
Glu-D1
ﺰﻣﺭ ﻣ ﻲ ﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻳ
ﺯ ﺮ ﻳ ﺮ
ﺛﺎﺗ ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻴ
ﺑ ﺮ ﻴ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻱ ﻭﺭ ﻱ ﮐ ﺹﺍﻮﺧ ﻴ ﻔ ﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁ ﻤﺧ ﻴ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺮ .
ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺹﻮﺼﺧﺭﺩ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ
ﻴ ﻦ ﺎﻫ ﻱ
ﺧﺫ ﻴ ﻩﺮ ﺍ ﻱ ﻪﻧﺍﺩ ﺎﻳ ﻥﺎﻧ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﺭﺩ
Ae. tauschii
ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺎﻴﻧﺩ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ .
ﻝﺎﺜﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ
Laguddh
& Halloran (1989)
ﻉﻮﻨﺗ –HMW
ﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻴ ﻦ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ۷۹
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
Ae. tauschii
ﺎﻫﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﻱ
ﺍ ﻳ ﮐﺮﺗ ،ﻥﺍﺮ ﻴ ﺳﻭﺭ ،ﻪ ﻴ ،ﻪ
ﻊﻤﺟ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮐﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﻭﺁ
ﻱ ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻲ
ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﮐ
۱۴ ﮐﺮﺗ ﻴ ﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺐ ﻳ
ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮ ﻱ
Glu-D1
ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺍﺭ
ﺧﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻲ
ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺎﻫ
T2 ,11 ,5.1
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﹰﻼﺒﻗ
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ .
ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ
Mohammadi & Ahmadian
(1998)
ﻉﻮﻨﺗ – HMW
ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﺭﺩ ۱۱۶ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
Ae. tauschii
ﺎﻫﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﻱ
،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ،ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮑﻴﺟﺎﺗ
،
،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻨﻤﮐﺮﺗ
،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻨﻣﺭﺍ ﻭﺭﻮﺷ
ﻱ ﻖﺑﺎﺳ ﻭ
ﻪﻴﮐﺮﺗ ﻊﻤﺟ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ۱۴
ﺐﻴﮐﺮﺗ
ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭﺮﻳﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
Glu-D1
ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺍﺭ
ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﻗ ﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﹰﻼﺒ .
ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻣﺍ
ﻳﺯ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺮ ﺭﺩ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ
Ae. crassa
ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻲﻧﺍﺪﻨﭼ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ .
ﭘ ﻪﮐ ﺎﺠﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻴ
ﺘﻧﮊ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻁﺮﺷ ﺶ ﻴ
ﮑ ﻲ ﺸﺣﻭ ﻲ
ﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻉﻼﻃﺍ ﻴ
ﺘﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺶﻨﮐﺍﺮﭘ ﻩﻮﺤﻧ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺰ ﻴ
ﮑ ﻲ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭ
ﺖﺳﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺕﺎﻔﺻ
(Knott & Dvorak, 1976)
ﺎﺑ ﻭ
ﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻦﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻲ
ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﺯﺭﻮﻓﻭﺮﺘﮑﻟﺍ ﻴ
ﻦ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺧﺫ ﻴ ﻩﺮ ﺍ ﻱ
ﺎﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻪﻧﺍﺩ ﻳ
ﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖ ﻳ ﺍ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺰﮐﺍﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻣ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﻪﮑﻨ ﻳ
ﻦ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻣ ﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻲ
ﺩﻭﺭ
، ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ
ﻲﮑﻴﺘﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ
Ae. crassa
ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻣﻮﺑ ﻲ ﺍ ﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﺮ ﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﺯﺭﻮﻓﻭﺮﺘﮑﻟﺍ
ﻴ ﻦ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺧﺫ ﻴ ﻩﺮ ﺍ ﻱ ﺣﺍﺮﻃ ﻪﻧﺍﺩ ﻲ
ﻭ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ
ﺩﺮﮔ ﻳ ﺪ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﻳ ﺍ ﺞ ﻳ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﺑ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦ ﺭﺩ
ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺏﻮﻠﻄﻣ
Ae. crassa
ﺯ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻳ
ﺮ ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻱ ‐
ﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ HMW
ﻴ ﻗﻼﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻦ ﻲ
ﻭ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻳ
ﻬﺗ ﺎ ﻴ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﻪ ﺎﻫ ﻱ
ﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻴ ﻋﻮﻨﺼﻣ ﺪ ﻲ ﻧ ﻴ ﻔﻣ ﺰ ﻴ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺪ .
ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ
ﺎﻫ
ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ۱۲۰
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
Ae. crassa
ﻪﮐ ﺩﻮﺑ
ﻱﺎﻫﺮﻬﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻠﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻥﮊ ﮏﻧﺎﺑ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻩﺎﺸﻧﺎﻣﺮﮐ
) ۲۶ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ( ﻲﺑﺮﻏ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ، )
۲۵ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ( ﻡﻼﻳﺍ ، ) ۹ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ( ،
ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺩﺮﮐ )
۹ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ (
، ﻥﺍﺪﻤﻫ ) ۸ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ( ﺱﺭﺎﻓ ، ) ۷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ (
،
ﻥﺎﺠﻧﺯ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺳﺍﺮﺧ )
ﮏﻳ ﺮﻫ ۴ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ( ،ﻥﺎﮔﺰﻣﺮﻫ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺮﻟ ،
ﻭ ﻲﻗﺮﺷ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ﻱﺰﮐﺮﻣ
) ﮏﻳﺮﻫ ۲ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ( ﻬﭼ ، ﻭ ﻝﺎﺤﻣ ﺭﺎ
ﻱﺭﺎﺘﻴﺨﺑ
، ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺯﻮﺧ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ
) ﮏﻳ ﺮﻫ ۱ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ( ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﻤﺟ
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ )
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ١ ( ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .
٢ ﻲﻧﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ
ﻭ ﻦﺷﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺪﻴﻣﺍ ٤
ﻲﺟﺭﺎﺧ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ
Chinese spring,
sunbri, sunvale, grebe
ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺰﻴﻧ .
ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ
ﻞﻟﺁ ﻪﺑ ﺩ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺎﻗﺭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﮏﻳﺮﻫ ﻪﮐ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ ﺍﺭﺍ
ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ
ﻞﮑﺷ ۱ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ .
ﻱﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘ ﺡﻮﻄﺳ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ٧٠
ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺎﺳﺍﺮﮐ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﻲﮑﻴﺘﻧﮊﻮﺘﻴﺳ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭ ﻱﺮﺘﻣﻮﺘﻳﺎﺳﻮﻠﻓ ﺯﺍ
Ranjbar et al.
(2007)
ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ
ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
، ٧ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﻭ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ .
ﺯﺭﻮﻓﻭﺮﺘﮑﻟﺍ ﺵﻭﺭ
ﺵﻭﺭ ﻖﺒﻃ ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﺝﺍﺮﺨﺘﺳﺍ
Laemmli (1970)
ﻪﮐ
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
Fulinvgton et al.
(1983)
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺡﻼﺻﺍ ﺎﺑ
ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﮑﭼﻮﮐ ﻲ ﺖﻓﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ .
ﺩﻮﺑ ﺡﺮﺷ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﮐ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺲﮑﺗﺭﻭ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻡﺮﮔ ﺏﺁ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ
۷۵ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ
ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﺩﺍﺮﮔ ﻲﺘﻧﺎﺳ ۱۰
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻪﻘﻴﻗﺩ .
ﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍ
ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮕﻣﺎﻧ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ –HMW
ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻣ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ
Laguddh & Halloran (1988)
،
William et al.
(1993)
ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ،
Payne et al.
(1983)
ﻭ
Mohammadi & Ahmadian (1998)
ﮕﻤﻫ ﻪﮐ ﻲ ﻭﺭ ﺮﺑ ﻱ
Triticum tauschii
ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ،ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﭘ
ﺖﻓﺮﻳﺬ .
ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻱﺭﺎﻣﺁ
ﻪﺘﺳﺩ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺪﻨﺑ
ﻫ ﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭ ﺎ ﻪ
ﻭ ﻲﮑﻴﺘﻧﮊ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ
ﻱﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺍﺪﺘﺑﺍ
ﺪﺷ ﻲﻫﺩﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﻝﮊ .
ﻱﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﻪﮐ ﻚﻳ ﺪﻧﺎﺑ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻡﺪﻋ ﻭ
ﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻔﺻ ﻥﺁ
۱۰۶ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ
ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
۴۰ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۳ ، ۱۳۸۸
ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ .
ﺳ ﭙ ﺲ ﺮﺘﺳﻼﮐ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ
UPGMA
) ﺎﺑ
ﻩﺩﺎﺳ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﺗ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺗ ﺲﻳﺮﺗﺎﻣ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ (
ﻭ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﺕﺎﺼﺘﺨﻣ ﻪﺑ
) (PCOA
ﺎﺑ ﺭﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻡﺮﻧ
NTSYS
ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ
ﺪﺷ .
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ۱
‐ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺕﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﻭ ﻡﺎﻧ
Ae. crassa
ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻣﻮﺑ
No. ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﮐ ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﺘﻴﺳ No. ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﮐ ﺎﺸﻨﻣ ﭗﻴﺗﻮﺘﻴﺳ
1
TN00287 4Xunknown1 61 TN01241 4XAzarbaijan G8 2
TN00300 4XKordestan1 62 TN01242 4XAzarbaijan G9 3
TN00343 4Xunknown2 63 TN01247 4XBakhtaran19 4
TN00365 4XLorestan1 64 TN01272 4XAzarbaijan G10 5
TN00381 4XHamedan1 65 TN01282 4XAzarbaijan G11 6
TN00384 4XHamedan2 66 TN01285 4XAzarbaijan G12 7
TN00386 4Xunknown3 67 TN01294 4XAzarbaijan G113 8
TN00473 4Xunknown4 68 TN01298 4XAzarbaijan G14 9
TN00539 4Xunknown5 69 TN01300 4XAzarbaijan G15 10
TN00598 4XKhorasan1 70 TN01301 6XAzarbaijan G16 11
TN00675 4XHamedan3 71 TN01317 4XHamedan4 12
TN00684 4XZanjan1 72 TN01321 4XHamedan5 13
TN00689 4XZanjan2 73 TN01326 4XHamedan6 14
TN00714 4Xunknown6 74 TN01327 4XHamedan7 15
TN00720 4XFars1 75 TN01334 4XKordestan2 16
TN00721 4XFars2 76 TN01341 6XKhorasan3 17
TN00723 4XFars3 77 TN01347 6XKhorasan4 18
TN00724 4XFars4 78 TN01355 6XKhorasan5 19
TN00730 4XFars5 79 TN01384 4XZanjan3 20
TN00744 6XFars6 80 TN001398 4Xunknown9 21
TN00757 4XIlam1 81 TN01473 4XAzarbaijan G17 22
TN00758 4XIlam2 82 TN01485 4XAzarbaijan G18 23
TN00763 4XIlam3 83 TN01490 4XAzarbaijan G19 24
TN00778 4XIlam4 84 TN01508 4XKermanshah 20 25
TN00779 4XIlam5 85 TN01511 4XKermanshah 21 26
TN00789 4XIlam6 86 TN01522 4XKermanshah 22 27
TN00791 4XIlam7 87 TN01536 4XKermanshah 23 28
TN00792 4XIlam8 88 TN01538 4XKermanshah 24 29
TN00794 6XIlam9 89 TN01680 4XFars7 30
TN00885 4XAzarbaijan G1 90 TN01698 4Xunknown10 31
TN00908 6XKermanshah 1 91 TN01699 4XTehran 32
TN00911 6XKermanshah 2 92 TN01742 4XHamedan8 33
TN00944 4XKermanshah 3 93 TN01744 4XKhozestan 34
TN00947 4XKermanshah 4 94 1948 4Xunknown11 35
TN00948 4XKermanshah 5 95 TN01972 4XZanjan4 36
TN00966 4XKermanshah 6 96 TN02053 4XAzarbaijan G20 37
TN00972 4XKermanshah 7 97 TN02060 6XAzarbaijan G21 38
TN00973 4XKermanshah 8 98 TN02063 4XAzarbaijan G22 39
TN00976 4XKermanshah 9 99 TN02066 4XAzarbaijan G23 40
TN00977 4XKermanshah 10 100 TN02112 4XKordestan6 41
TN00995 4XChaharmohale B 101 TN02113 4XKordestan7 42
TN01012 4XHormozgan1 102 TN02117 4XKhorasan8 43
TN01015 4XHormozgan2 103 50117 4Xunknown12 44
TN01046 4XAzarbaijan G2 104 50119 4XKhorasan2 45
TN01055 4XAzarbaijan G3 105 50122 6Xunknown13 46
TN01063 4XAzarbaijan G4 106 50131 6XKhorasan3 47
TN01065 4XAzarbaijan G5 107 50135 6XKhorasan4 48
TN01068 4XAzarbaijan G6 108 50140 4Xunknown14 49
TN01101 6XKermanshah11 109 50141 4Xunknown15 50
TN01107 4XKermanshah 12 110 50174 6XKermanshah 25 51
TN01139 4XKermanshah 3 111 50185 4Xunknown16 52
TN01141 4XKermanshah 14 112 50019 4XMarkazi1 53
TN01145 6XKermanshah 15 113 50021 4XMarkazi2 54
TN01151 4XKermanshah 16 114 50027 4Xunknown17 55
TN01158 4XKermanshah 17 115 50034 4XLorestan2 56
TN01166 4XKermanshah 18 116 50040 6XKermanshah 26 57
TN01187 4XAzarbaijan S1 117 50042 4XKordestan9 58
TNO1196 4Xunknown7 118 50066 4XAzarbaijan G24 59
TN01194 4Xunknown8 119 50067 6XAzarbaijan G25 60
TN01236 4XAzarbaijan G7 120 50092 4XAzarbaijan S2
ﻡﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻦﻴﺸﻧ :
ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭﺮﻳﺯ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ...
۱۰۷
ﺚﺤﺑ ﻭ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﺯﺍ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺯ
ﻳ ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮ ﻱ ﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻴ ﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦ ﻲ
ﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ
ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺎﻫ
Ae. crassa
ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﮐ
ﺮﻳﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺍ
ﻞﮑﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ۱
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ .
ﻞﮑﺷ ۱
‐ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ
Ae. crassa
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
۴ ﻱﺎﻬﻧﻮﺘﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻲﺟﺭﺎﺧ ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ Chinese Spring)1
(،
) 2 Sunbri (
،
) 8 Grebe (،
) 9 Sunvale ( ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ
ﻻﺎﺑ ﻞﮑﺷ
‐ ﻥﻮﺘﺳ ۳ ) TN00381 (،
۴ ) TN01294 (،
۵ ) ۵۰۶۶ ( ، ۱۲
) TN01300 (
ﻞﮑﺷ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ـ ﻥﻮﺘﺳ ٤ ) TN00758 (
، ٥ ) TN01341 (،
٧
) TN00794 (،
۱۲ ) ۵۰۱۲۲ (
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﻫﺩﺪﻧﺎﺑ ﻱﻮﮕﻟﺍ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺱﺎﺳﺍﺮﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ
Ae. crassa
ﺎﻫﺩﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻱ
ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ۱۱
ﺭﺩ ﻲﻠﻟﺁ ﺐﻴﮐﺮﺗ ﻥﺎﮑﻣ
ﻧﮊ ﻲ
Glu-Dcr1
ﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻞﻟﺁ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﺒﺴﻧ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻪﮐ
ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ
ﻞﮑﺷ ۲ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ .
ﺖﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺁ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﺣﺍﻭﺮﻳﺯ ﺖﻔﺟ ﮏﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺒﻴﮐﺮﺗ ﻲﻠﻟ
ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺯﺍ ﻲﮑﻳ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﻧ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻭ X
Y
ﻲﻣ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ ،ﺩﻮﺷ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﺸﻧ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ .
ﮎﺮﺤﺗ ﻢﮐ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ X
۲ ﺎﺗ ۵ ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻭ ﺮﺗ
ﺯﺍ Y
۱۰ ﺎﺗ
T2
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮕﻣﺎﻧ .
ﻱﺎﻫﺪﻧﺎﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮕﻣﺎﻧ ﻭ 11
T2
ﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺱﺎﺳ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻲﻠﺒﻗ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
Laguddh &
Halloran (1988)
ﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﻱ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻥﺁ ﮎﺮﺤﺗ ﻪﮐ ﻭ 10
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ 12
ﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮕﻣﺎﻧ 11
. ﺍﺭ ﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﮐ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ
William et al.
(1983)
ﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﻡﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ 10.5
ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﻧﺍ . ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻦﻴ
Laguddh & Halloran (1988)
ﻱﺍﺮﺑ
T. tauschii
ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺩﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺼﺤﻨﻣ ﺭﺍﻮﻧ
T2
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩ
ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ –HMW
ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺁ ﮎﺮﺤﺗ ﻭ ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﻊﻳﺮﺳ
ﻲﻨﻌﻳ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺯ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
ﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ 12
.
ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ Glu-Dcr1 ﻱﺎﻫﻞﻟﺁ ﻲﺒﺴﻧ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ‐۲ﻞﮑﺷ Ae. crassa
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
T2
ﺕﺎﺒﻴﮐﺮﺗ ﺭﺩ
2+T2
ﻭ
3+T2
ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺭﻮﻬﻇ .
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ
William et al.
(1983)
ﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻒﻴﻌﺿ
T1
ﺭﺩ
ﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﻞﺤﻣ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻠﻏﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ 11
T2
ﺪﻧﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ .
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺪﻧ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ .
ﻪﺘﺒﻟﺍ
Laguddh &
Halloran (1989)
ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﻡﻼﻋﺍ ﻱﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ
ﺭﺍﻮﻧ
T2 , T1
ﻲﻣ ﺙﺭﺍﻮﺗ ﻥﺎﻣﺃﻮﺗ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﺑﺎﻳ
. ﻲﻟﻭ
Mackie
et al.
(1996)
ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ
ﺻ ﺮﮕﻳﺪﮑﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺭﻮﮐﺬﻣ ﺭﺍﻮﻧ ﻭﺩ ﺙﺭﺍﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﺕﺭﻮ
ﻲﻣ ﺩﺮﻴﮔ . ﺕﺎﺸﻳﺎﻣﺯﺁ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻩﻭﻼﻌﺑ
ﺪﺣﺍﻭﺮﻳﺯ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷﻮﻴﺑ
T1
ﻭﺰﺟ
ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻩﺮﻴﺧﺫ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻱﺍ
ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ –HMW
ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻤﻧ . ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭﺮﻳﺯ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﻪﮑﻧﺁ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺎﺑ
Glu-Dcr1
ﻡﺪﻨﮔ
ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺰﮕﻫ ۲
/ ۲ ﻭ ۹ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
،ﺪﺸﻧ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﮐﺮﺗ ﻲﻟﻭ
ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﮐﺮﺗ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷ ﮓﻨﻴﺳﺍﺮﮐ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ
۱۰۸ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ
ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
۴۰ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۳ ، ۱۳۸۸
ﻭﺩ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺭﺩﺎﻧ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﻭﺍ ﻧﮊ ﻥﺎﮑﻣ
ﻲ ﻪﺘﺳﻮﻴﭘ ﻢﻬﺑ
Glu-Dcr1
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻞﻟﺁ ﻲﺒﺴﻧ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﻟﺁ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ
۱۲ + ۳
ﻭ ۱۲ + ۵ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ۹
/ ۳۰ ﻭ ۸ / ۲۲ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻞﻟﺁ ﻭ
۱۰ + ۲ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ۵
/ ۰ ﻞﻟﺁ ﻭ ۱۰ + ۴ ﺎﺑ
ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ۱ / ۱ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺰﺋﺎﺣ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺪﻧﺍ
. ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺩﺮﮐ ﻱﺎﻫ
،
ﻥﺍﺪﻤﻫ
، ﻦﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻲﺑﺮﻏ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ۶
ﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻲﻠﻟﺁ ﺖ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺪﻧﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
. ﻉﻮﻨﺗ
ﺩ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ﺭ ﻲﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻲﺑﺮﻏ
ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﻻﺎﺑ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ
ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ )
۲۵ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ( ﺩﺍﺩ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ .
ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺎﻣﺍ ۶۰
ﺭﺩ ﻞﻟﺁ ۹
ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺩﺮﮐ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ۸
ﻲﻣ ﻥﺍﺪﻤﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻬﺟﻮﺗ .
ﺍﻭ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺭ ﺖﻧﺎﻳ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺎﻫ ۱۲ + ۳
ﻭ ۱۲ + ۵ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﺜﮐﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﻩﺩﺮﺒﻣﺎﻧ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻟﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ
ﺖﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ
T۲
+ ۳ ﻭ ﻲﺑﺮﻏ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ۱۰
+ ۵ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ
ﻲﻣ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﻥﺍﺪﻤﻫ ﺩﻮﺷ
.
ﻞﻟﺁ ﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻱﺎﻫ
،D
ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻞﻟﺁ
ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻱ ﻞﻟﺁ ﻦﻴﺑﺎﻣ ﻪﮐ ۱۲.۱
ﻭ ﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ T2
ﻲ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ
ﺪﺷ ﻱﺭﺍﺬﮕﻣﺎﻧ NEW6
. ﻪﮐﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻞﻟﺁ ﺶﺷ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺎﺟ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺒﻧ D
ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﻂﻘﻓ ﺎﺳﺍﺮﮐ ﻪﮐ
M
ﻭ ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﻪﺑ ﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﺖﺳﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ D
ﻣ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ M
ﻲ
،ﺩﻮﺷ
ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ )
ﻞﮑﺷ ۱ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﻭ ۲
(.
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ۲
‐ ﻞﻟﺁ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ ﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺭﻮﮐﺬﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﻟﺁ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ
ﻞﻟﺁ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ
ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻞﻟﺁ
۸ New1
۳۹ New2
۱۱ New3
۷۹ New4
۸ New5
۱۵ New6
۷ New7
ﻫ ﻨﭽﻤ ﻴ ﺎﻫ ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻦ ﻱ
ﺎﺑ
ﻭ ﺮﺘﺳﻼﮐ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺰﺠﺗ ﻳ ﻠﺻﺍ ﺕﺎﺼﺘﺨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪ ﻲ
) (PCOA
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺮﺑ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺎﻫ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻞﮑﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭﺭﺪﻧﺩ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .
ﯼﺎﻫ
۳ ﻭ ۴ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﻳ ﺰﺠﺗ ﺞ ﻳ ﺮﺘﺳﻼﮐ ﻪ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺐﻠﻏﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻨﭼ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﮏﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﮎﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﻲﻠﻟﺁ ﺖﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﮏﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ
ﮏﻳ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺍ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻭ ﻲﮑﻴﺘﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻝﻮﺒﻗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ .
ﺩﺮﮔ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖﻗﺩ ﻲﻤﮐ ﺎﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻌﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻳ
ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻳﻭ ﻪﮐ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﮏﻳ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻲﮔﮋ
ﹰﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺖﻧﺎﻳﺭﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﮑﻳ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻑﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺍ
ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻱﺎﺟ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﮏﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻨﭼ .
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧﮊ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻢﻫ ﺭﺎﻨﮐ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘ ﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻴﺗﻮﻧﮊ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﮎﺪﻧﺍ ﻲﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﭗ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ
ﺮﻈﻧ ) ‐HMW
ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ( ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ . ﺎﻫﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘ ﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻲﺗﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ
ﺎﺑ ﻱﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺗ ﻲﻟﻭ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﮐﺪﻧﺍ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﺎﻫﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻨﻴﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ
ﺪﻨﻫﺩ .
ﻩﺮﮔ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﻧﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺭﺪ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺳﺍﺪﻴﭘ ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧﮊ ﻥﺎﮑﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘ ﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻧﮊ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻲ
) ۱۲ + ۲
، ۱۲ + ۳
، ۱۲ + ۵ ( ﻥﺎﺷﺩﻮﺧ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺖﻫﺎﺒﺷ
ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻦﻳﺍ ﮎﺪﻧﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩ
ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻼﻣﺎﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﺣﺍﻮﻧ ﺪﺳﺭ
. ﻦﻳﺍ ﺍﺮﻳﺯ
ﻥﺎﮑﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺪﮐ
، ﻲﻤﮐ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻱﺮﻳﺬﭘﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ
ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ . ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ،ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻝﻭﺍ ۷ / ۱۸ ﻡﻭﺩ ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ ۷
/ ۱۵ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺪﺻﺭﺩ
ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻢﮐ ﺕﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﮐ ﺭﺩ
ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﭻﻴﻫ ﺪﻨﺑ
ﻱ ﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻲ
ﭗﻴﺗﻮﻧﮊ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ
ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻱ ﺪﺸﻧ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﻲﻠﺻﺍ )
ﻞﮑﺷ ٤ .(
ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﮑﻴﺘﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻩﺮﻴﺧﺫ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻭ ﻱﺍ
ﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﮕﺸﻫﻭﮋ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ .
Bahraee (2003)
ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻲﮑﻴﺘﻧﮊ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ
ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺮﻴﺧﺫ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ
T. boeoticum
ﻭ
T. urartu
ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﺕﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ
ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﻤﺟ ﻱﺎﻬﻠﺤﻣ ﻞﻟﺁ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻩﺮﻴﺧﺫ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺯﺍ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻱﺍ
ﻂﻳﺍﺮﺷ
ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ
ﺪﻧﺍ .
Ciaffi et al.
(1993)
ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ
ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻕﺮﻔﺗ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻩﺮﻴﺧﺫ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺍ ﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻞﺤﻣ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻪﻴﮐﺮﺗ ﻭ ﻥﺩﺭﺍ ﻲﺸﺣﻭ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘ ﻊﻤﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻱﺭﻭﺁ
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ .
ﺯﺍﺮﺑﺍ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻗ ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﭼ ﺮﮔﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺍ ﺭﺎﺸﻓ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺩﺎ
ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺖﺴﻴﻧ
، ﻲﻣ ﻲﻟﻭ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺏﺎﺗﺯﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺍ
ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻲﻘﻠﺗ ﺭﻮﻧ ﻭ ﺎﻣﺩ ،ﻲﮔﺪﻧﺭﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣﺍﺭﺎﭘ .
Lafiandra et al.
(1993)
ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻡﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻦﻴﺸﻧ :
ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺌﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻱﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭﺮﻳﺯ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ...
۱۰۹
ﻩﺮﻴﺧﺫ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻱﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ
T. boeoticum
ﻭ
T. urartu
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻲﻬﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﻧﺍ
.
Nevo & Payne (1987)
ﻦﻴﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻢﺴﻴﻓﺭﻮﻣ ﻲﻠﭘ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻲﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﻄﺴﻠﻓ ﻲﺸﺣﻭ ﺪﻴﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺮﺘﺗ ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻴﺳﺭ ﺪﻧﺪ ﻲﻣ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺸﺨﺑ ﻪﮐ ﻪﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﺩﻮﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﻱﺎﻫﺭﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ .
ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻣﻮﺑ Ae. crassa ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ۱۲۰ ﻱﻭﺭ ﺮﺘﺳﻼﮐ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭﺭﺪﻧﺩ ‐۳ ﻞﮑﺷ
۱۱۰ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ
ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ
۴۰ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ، ۳ ، ۱۳۸۸
ﺯﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﺕﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧﻭ ﻲﮑﻴﺘﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺰﺋﺎﺣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻥﺁ
ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻲﻣ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻱﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻱﺪﻨﻣﺩﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﻱﺎﻫ
ﻊﻤﺟ ﻱﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻲﺣﻼﺻﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ
ﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻥﮊ ﮏﻧﺎﺑ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺪ
. ﻝﺎﺜﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ
ﻭ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﮏﻳ ﻲﮑﻴﺘﻧﮊ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﺮﮔﺍ ﻲﻣ ﻥﮊ ﮏﻧﺎﺑ ﻱﮋﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺭﺍﺮﻗﺮﺑ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﺍ ﻊﻤﺟ ﺮﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ
ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﻮﺘﺳﺍ ﻉﺎﻔﺗﺭﻻﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻱﺭﻭﺁ .
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ
ﻱﺎﻫ
Ae. crassa
ﺍ ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻲﻣﻮﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯ
ﺯ ﻳ ﺮ
ﺎﻫﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻱ ﻨﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻴ ﻟﻮﮑﻠﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﻦ ﻲ
ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ . ﻪﭼﺮﮔﺍ
ﮐﺭﺪﻣ ﻲ ﺍ ﺖﮐﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻝﺍﺩ ﻳ
ﺋﻮﻠﭘﺍﺰﮕﻫ ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦ ﻴ
ﻪﺑ ﺪ
ﻧ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻴ ﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺎ ﻣ
ﺍ ﺎ ﻳ ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻦ
D
ﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻳ
ﻥﮊ ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﺭﺎﮔﺯﺎﺳ ﻱ ﺗﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﻲ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ
ﻡﺪﻨﮔ ﻡﻮﻧﮊ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻝﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺎﻫ
ﻱ ﻣﺎﻗﺭﺍ ﻥﺎﻧ ﻲ ﺎﭘ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻳ ﺘﻧﮊ ﻴ ﮑ ﻲ
ﺳﻭ ﻴ ﻊ ﺭﺎﮔﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﻨﻣﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺮﺗ ﻱ
ﺏﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﻟﻮﺗ ﺮﺗ ﻴ ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺪ .
ﻲﻠﺻﺍ ﺕﺎﺼﺘﺨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺶﻨﮐﺍﺮﭘ ‐۴ ﻞﮑﺷ
REFERENCES
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2. Babaei, H. (1996). Evaluation of genetic diversity in Iranian wheat landraces using seed storage protein.
M.Sc. thesis, University of Tehran. (In Farsi).
3. Bahraee, S. (2003). Bread wheat quality evaluation based on the high molecular weight Glutenin sub units, Iranian Journal of Crop Science, 5(3), 204-215. (In Farsi).
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