٨٣
ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﳘﺃﻭ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﻷ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﰲ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ
ﺩ . ﺪﺒﻋ ﺡﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﺪﻤﳏ ﻦﺑ ﱂﺎﺳ ﻦﺑ ﺰﻳﺰﻌﻟﺍ
ﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﺔﻳﻮﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺳﺃ
ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻛ –
ﺩﻮﻌﺳ ﻚﻠﳌﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ
ﳌﺍ ﺘﺴ ﺨ ﻠ ﺺ : ﻑﺪ
ﺗ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻖﻴﺒﻄ
- ﲔﻨﺑ - ﺽﺎـﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﰲ
ﺎـﻬﻴﻤﻠﻌﻣﻭ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺔﻬﺟﻭ ﻦﻣ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﻷﺍ ﺍﺬﳍ ﻢﻬﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ ﻯﺪﻣﻭ ،ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﻷ .
ﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻺﻟ ﺕﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﹰﺍﺩﺪﻋ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻑﺪﳍﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ ﻲﻫﻭ
:
١ ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻯﺪﻣ ﺎﻣ ـ –
ﲔﻨﺑ - ﺏﻮﻠﺳﻷ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﰲ ﻦﻣ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ
ﺮﻈﻧ ﺔﻬﺟﻭ ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻣﻭ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ
– ﲔﻨﺑ –
؟ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﲟ
٢
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ ﺎﻣ ـ –
ﲔﻨﺑ - ﺔـﻬﺟﻭ ﻦﻣ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﰲ
ﺮﻈﻧ ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻣﻭ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ –
ﲔﻨﺑ – ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﲟ
؟
٣ ﺎﻣ ـ ﻌﺼﻟﺍ
ﻪﺟﺍﻮﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﻮ ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ
– ﲔﻨـﺑ - ﺔـﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﰲ
ﺔﻬﺟﻭ ﻦﻣ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻣﻭ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ –
ﲔﻨﺑ –
؟ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﲟ
٤ - ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ ﺎﻣ –
ﲔﻨﺑ -
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﺔﻴﳘﺃﻭ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻯﺪﻣ ﰲ
ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﲑﻐﺘﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺎﺑ :
) ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟﺍ
، ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺓﱪﳋﺍ ﺕﺍﻮﻨﺳ ﺩﺪﻋ ،ﻞﻫﺆﳌﺍ (
؟
ﻦﻋ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻺﻟﻭ ﻩﺬﻫ
ﺕﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ
ﺪﻌﺑ ـ ﺔﻧﺎﺒﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﹰﺍﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﻲﺤﺴﳌﺍ
ﺔﻴﻧﺍﺪﻴﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻊﻤﳉ ـ ﺎﺎﺒﺛﻭ ﺎﻬﻗﺪﺻ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻜﲢ .
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻧﺎﺒﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ ﰎ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ
ﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﺳ ﺎﻬﻌﲨﻭ
ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﹰﺎﻴﺋﺎﺼﺣﺇ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﳉﺎﻌﻣﻭ :
ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻜﺘﻟﺍ
، ﺕﺎﻄﺳﻮﺘﳌﺍﻭ
، ﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻭ ) ﻦﻳﺎﺒﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﲢ (
، ﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻭ ) ﺕ (
، ﻞﻣﺎﻌﻣﻭ
ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﻻﺍ ) ﻥﻮﺳﲑﺑ (
، ﻞﻣﺎﻌﻣﻭ ) ﺥﺎﺒﻧﻭﺮﻛﺎﻔﻟﺍ (
، ﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍﻭ ) ﻴﻔﻴﺷ ﻪ .(
ﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﺼﻠﺧﻭ ﰐﺄﻳ ﺎﻣ ﺎﻬﳘﺃ ﺕﺎﻴﺻﻮﺗﻭ ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻧ ﱃﺇ ﺔﺳ
:
ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﹰﻻﻭﺃ :
ـ
ﻥﻭﺮﻳ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻖﺒﻄﺗ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻥﺃ
) ٣,٣ ( ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻮﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻯﺮﻳ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺑ
ﺔﻄﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻖﺒﻄﺗ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ )
٣,١٩ ( ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻮﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﻯﺮﻳﻭ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ .
٨٤
ﹰﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺕﻻﺎﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﺃ ﻥﺃ ـ ﺔﻴﳘﺃﻭ
ﻝﺎﳎ ) ﺔﻄﳋﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ (.
ﺒﻄﺗ ﺕﻻﺎﺍ ﻞﻗﺃ ﻥﺃ ـ ﹰﺎﻘﻴ
ﺔﻴﳘﺃﻭ ﻝﺎﳎ ) ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ (
.
ﻰﻠﻋﺃ ـ ﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﻌ ﺕﺍ ﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﹰﺎ ﻢﻗﺭ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ )
١٧ ( )
ﺴﻣﻭ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﰊﻮﺴﻨﻣ ﺕﺎﺒﺟﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﺩﺪﳛ ﻭﺆ
ﻢﺎﻴﻟ (
، ﻞﻗﺃﻭ
ﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﹰﺎ
ﻢﻗﺭ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ )
٢١ ( ) ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻬﻨﻜﲤ ﲑﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﻊﺿﻭ ﰲ ﻥﻮﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻙﺮﺘﺸﻳ (.
ﻰﻠﻋﺃ ﻥﺃ ـ ﻟﺍ
ﺭﺎﺒﻌ ﺕﺍ
ﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ ﻢﻗﺭ ﺓﺭﺎ
) ١٤ ( )
ﲔـﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﲔـﺑ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﺹﺮﳛ (
، ﻭ ﱏﺩﺃ
ﻢﻗﺭ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ )
٨ ) ( ﺔﻳﻮﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﰲ ﻥﻮﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻙﺮﺘﺸﻳ .(
ﺔﻄﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﺗ ﺕﺎﺑﻮﻌﺻ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ـ )
٣,٠٨ ( ﻦﻣ ) ٤ (.
ـ ﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﻖﻔﺗﺍ ﻭ
ﻭ ﻥ ﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻮ ﻥ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﻢﻗﺭ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﺑﻮﻌﺻ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﺃ ﻥﺃ )
٤ ) ( ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﲢ
ﲑﺒﻛ ﺩﻮﻬﳎ ﱃﺇ (.
ﺕﺎﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﹰﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ
ﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﱘﺪﻘﺗ ﻦﻜﳝ ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺖﻠﺻﻮﺗ ﺎﻣ ﺀﻮﺿ ﰲ ﺕﺎﻴ
:
١ -
ﳌﺍﻭ ﻦﻳﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻮﺗ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﻢﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻢﻬـﺒﻳﺭﺪﺗﻭ ﲔﻤﻠﻌ
ﻲﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺗ ﰲ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﻷﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ .
٢ - ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﰲ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌ ﺔﻄﺧ ﻊﺿﻭ .
٣ - ﻢﻬﺋﺍﺩﺃ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻬﻨﻜﲤ ﺔﺤﺿﺍﻭ ﲑﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﻊﺿﻭ ﰲ ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻙﺍﺮﺷﻹ ﺔﻴﻟﺁ ﻊﺿﻭ .
٤ - ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﲎﺴﺘﻴﻟ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻤﻠﻟ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﲑﻓﻮﺗ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻦﻣ
.
ﺔﻣﺪﻘﳌﺍ
:
ﻲـﺿﺎﳌﺍ ﻥﺮـﻘﻟﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺮﻜﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﻄﺗ
ﺔﻔﻠﺘﳐ ﻞﺣﺍﺮﲟ ﺮﻣﻭ ﹰﺍﲑﺒﻛ ﹰﺍﺭﻮﻄﺗ ﺎﻤﻛ
ﺱﺭﺍﺪـﻣ ﺕﺮﻬﻇ
ﺓﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﺔﻳﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﺔﻴﺴـﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻮـﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺕﺍﺭﻮﻄﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ
ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍﻭ
، ﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﻣ ﻞﻛ
ﱃﺇ ﻰﻌﺴـﺗ ﺓﺪﻳﺪﺟ
ﺏﻮﻴﻋ ﰲﻼﺗ
ﺎﻬﺘﻘﺒـﺳ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻞـﻤﻜﺗﻭ
ﺎﻬﺘﻠﻔﻏﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺐﻧﺍﻮﳉﺍ .
ﺔﻴﻜﻴﺳﻼﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺎﻓ )
ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ (
ﺪـﻗ
ﺖﻠﻔﻏﺃ ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ ﺐﻧﺍﻮﳉﺍ
ـﻈﻨﻳ ﺚـﻴﺣ ﱃﺇ ﺮ
ﹰﺎـﻘﻓﻭ ﺎـ ﻢﻜﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﳝ ﺓﺪﻴﺷﺭ ﺔﻟﺁ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ
ﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﻣ ﺕﺀﺎﺠﻓ ،ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﳌ ﺕﺎ
ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺴـﻧﻹﺍ ﻴﻐﺘﻟ ﻞﻌﻓ ﺓﺩﺮﻛ
ﻴ ﺐ ﺐﻧﺍﻮﳉﺍ ﻴﻧﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ ﺔ ﰲ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ
،
ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﺇ ﻢﻬﻣ ﱐﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ ﺐﻧﺎﳉﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﻛﺆﺗ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﺮﺛ
ﺉﺩﺎـﺒﻣ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺪﻌﺑﻭ ،ﺩﺍﺮﻓﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﰲ ﻩﺬـﻫ
ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﲔﺒﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﰲ ﺖﻐﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﺃ
ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺴﺣ
، ،ﺩﺍﺮﻓﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﺽﺎﻔﳔﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻯﺩﺄﻓ
ﻪﺟﻮﳌﺍ ﺪﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺐﺴﺑ ﺔﻴﻛﻮﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺕﺀﺎﺠﻓ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻺﻟ
ﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟ ﻭ ﺍ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌ ﻙﻮﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺰﻛﺮﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻟ
ﺔﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﰲ ﱐﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ .
ﺕﺀﺎﺟ ﺕﺎﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﲔﺴﺤﺘﻟﻭ
ﻦـﻣ ﺪﻴﻔﺘﺴﺗ ﺓﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺔﻳﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﺐﻴﻟﺎﺳﺃﻭ ﺓﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﻞﻤﻜﺘﺴﺗﻭ ﺎﻮﻴﻋ ﰲﻼﺘﻟ ﻰﻌﺴﺗﻭ ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﺎﻳﺍﺰﻣ
٨٥
ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﺐﻴﻟﺎﺳﻷﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺯﺮﺑﺃ ﻦﻣﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺺﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺐﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﺍ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹ "
ﻞـﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻱﺮﺼـﻨﻋ ﺞﻣﺪـﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ
ﹰﺎﻌﻣ ﻥﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍﻭ
،
ﻬﺘﺤﻠﺼـﻣ ﲔـﺑ ﻖـﻓﻮﻳﻭ ﻤ
ﰿﺎـﻌﻳﻭ ﺎ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍﻭ ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﺳﺃ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﻮﺿﻮﲟ ﺎﻤﻼﻜﺸﻣ
ﺎﻬﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺩﺍﺮﳌﺍ "
) ،ﻲﻠﻴﻘﻋ ١٤١٩ ﺹ ـﻫ ٢٢٥
.(
ﻭ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻡﻮﻘﻳ
ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﺱﺎﺳﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﻓﺍﺪﻫﺃ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ﰲ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﰲ ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﲨ ﺎﻬ
ـﺳﺃﻭ ﺏﻮﻠ
ﻖﻘﳛ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ
ﺕﺍﻮﻄﺧ ﻖﻓﻭ ﻚﻟﺫﻭ ،ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ
ﻊـﺿﻭ ﰲ ﺮﻳﺪـﻤﻠﻟ ﲔﻠﻣﺎـﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﲟ ﺃﺪﺒﺗ ﺔﻄﺑﺍﺮﺘﻣ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ
، ﻖـﻔﺘﳌﺍ ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﻷﺍ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ ﻂﻄﳋﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﰒ
ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ
، ﻯﺪـﻣ ﺱﺎـﻴﻗ ﰒ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﺔﺒﻗﺍﺮﳌ ﲑﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﻊﺿﻭﻭ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﻖﻘﲢ .
ﱃﺇ ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﻑﺪﻬﻳﻭ "
ﺯ
ﺑ ﻦﻳﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﺓﺩﺎﻳ ﻭﺆﺴﳌﺍ ﻊﺿﻮ
ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻴﻟ
ﺔــﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﰲ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﻝﻼــﺧ ﻦــﻣ ﺞﺋﺎــﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﻖــﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ )
davar.1978
.(
ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻥﺇ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺇ
ﻮﻬﻓ ﺕﺎﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﲔﺴﲢﻭ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻠﻟ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﲔﺴﲢ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻳ ﺴﻣﻭ ﺆ
ﺒﻗﺍﺮﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻞﻬﺴﻳﻭ ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻟﻭ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺘﻠﻟ ﺔ
ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻛ ،ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺰﻔﲢﻭ ﺔﻳﻮﻨﻌﳌﺍ ﺡﻭﺮﻟﺍ ﻊﻓﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﺗ ﻪﻌﻣ
ﲔﻠﻣﺎـﻌﻟﺍ ﻯﺪـﻟ ﺱﺎﻤﳊﺍﻭ ﻡﺍﺰﺘﻟﻻﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺰﺗﻭ ) .
،ﺓﺭﺩ
١٩٨٢ ﺹ ،ﻡ ٦٣ .(
ﺪـﻛﺆﻳ ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﰲ ﺚﻳﺪﳊﺍ ﻩﺎﲡﻻﺍﻭ
ﳌﺍ ﰊﻮﺴﻨﻣﻭ ﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﰲ ﺔـﺳﺭﺪ
ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻓ ،ﺎﻬﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻞﺒﺳﻭ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ "
ﻱﺩﺆﺗ
ﺮـﺜﻛﺃﻭ ﻢﳍﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﰲ ﺓﱪﺧ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﻥﻮﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﻳ ﻥﺃ ﱃﺇ ﹰﺎﻧﻭﺎﻌﺗ ﺮﺜﻛﺃﻭ ﺎﺿﺭ ﻟ ﹰﺎﻌﻓﺍﺩ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺎﻤﻛ
ﻙﺮﺗ ﰲ ﺔﺒﻏﺮﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﻌ
ﻭ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺗ
ﻤﻴﻘﺑ ﻢﻠﻌﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺮﻌﺸ ﺘﻪ
"
) ،ﻲﻠﻴﺠﻌﻟﺍ ١٩٨٢
،ﻡ
ﺹ ٦٣ .(
ﺸﻣ ﺔﻴﳘﺄﺑ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺖﺻﻭﺃ ﺪﻗﻭ ﺎ
ﺔﻛﺭ
ﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺖﺻﻭﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻱﺪﻣﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺮﻳﺪﳌ ﲔ
ــﺑ "
ﺃﺪـﺒﲟ ﺬـﺧﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻊﻴﺠﺸﺗ
ﻯﺭﻮﺸﻟﺍ "
) ،ﻱﺪﻣﺎﻐﻟﺍ ١٤١٧
ﺹ ،ـﻫ
١٤٢ ( ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩﻭ
ـﺑ ﺖﺻﻭﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺵﺮﺧﻷﺍ "
ﻲﻃﺍﺮﻘﳝﺪﻟﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﻷﺍ ﺝﺎﻬﺘﻧﺍ
ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻲﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ
ﺔﻟﻭﺎﳏﻭ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻣ ﲔﺑ ﻖﻴﻓﻮﺘﻟﺍ
ﻯﺭﻮﺸﻟﺍ ﺃﺪﺒﲟ ﺬﺧﻷﺍﻭ ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍﻭ
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﰲ "
) ،ﺵﺮﺧﻷﺍ
١٤٢٠ ﺹ ،ـﻫ ١٣١
( ـﺑ ﺖﺻﻭﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﰊﺮﳊﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩﻭ
"
ﲔـﻤﻠﻌﻤﻠﻟ ﺔـﺻﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺔـﺣﺎﺗﺇ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺺـﲣ ﱵـﻟﺍ ﺔـﺻﺎﺧﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﲣﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﻤﻠﻟ ﻢﻬﻠﻤﻋ "
) ،ﰊﺮﳊﺍ ١٤٢٢ ﺹ ،ـﻫ ١١٦
.(
ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻣ
:
ﺔﺳﺭﺪﻤﻠﻟ ﻥﺇ ﹰﺎـﻨﻛﺭ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ ﻲﻬﻓ ﻯﱪﻛ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ
ﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﰲ ﹰﺎﻴﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺘﺑ ﻡﻮﻘﺗﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻠ
ﺎﻬﻓﺍﺪﻫﺃ ﻖﻴﻘﲢﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﰲ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺡﺎﳒ ﺭﺪﻗ ﻰﻠﻌﻓ ﻪﺘﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓﻭ ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﻔﻛ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺲﻜﻌﻨﻳ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣ ﻖﻘﳛﻭ .
"
ﻦـﻣ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ
ﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻟﺎﺳﺃﻭ ﺎ ﺭﺍﺪﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺔﻴﳘﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﺘﳌﺍ ﻞﻤﻌ
٨٦ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﰲ ﺎﻬﺣﺎﺠﻨﻟ ﻱﺮﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﺩﻮﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﲤ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺩﻮﺸﻨﳌﺍ ﻪﺟﻮﻟﺍ "
) ،ﻲﺳﺮﻣ ١٤٢٢ ﺹ ـﻫ ١٣
.(
ﻭ
ﺎﻬﻓﺍﺪـﻫﺃ ﻖـﻴﻘﲢ ﰲ ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺡﺎﳒ
ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻘﲟ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻡﺍﺰﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻳ ﺔﺜﻳﺪﳊﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ
ﺖﺘﺒﺛﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ
،ﻲﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺗ ﰲ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﻢﻫﺃ ﻦﻣﻭ
ﻮﻘﳌﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ
ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ﰲ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺮﻳﺪﳌ ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﺕﺎﻣ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ
ﺎﻫﺬـﻴﻔﻨﺗﻭ ﻞـﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔـﻄﺧ ﻊﺿﻭﻭ
) ،ﲔﻄﺑﺎﺒﻟﺍ ١٤٢٢
ﺹ ،ـﻫ ٥
( ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸـﻣ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ
ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﻬﺘﻨﻴﺑ ﺎﻤﻛ ﺔﻔﻴﻌﺿ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺮﻳﺪﳌ ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺕﺭﺎﺷﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻱﺮﻤﻌﻟﺍ "
ﺔﻨﻳﺪﲟ ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﻥﺃ
ﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﲣﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﰲ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ
ﺔﻔﻴﻌـﺿ ﺔﻴـﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺭ
"
)
،ﻱﺮﻤﻌﻟﺍ ١٤٢٢
ﺹ ،ـﻫ
١٠٣ (
ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﺖﻔﺸﻛﻭ
ﻱﺮﻳﺪـﻣ ﺔـﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﰲ ﺓﺮﺛﺆﳌﺍ ﻞﻣﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍ ﺪﺣﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺮﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻫ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻲ
ﰲ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺮﻳﺪﳌ ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﺫﺎـﲣﺍ
ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ )
،ﻱﺮﻤﺸﻟﺍ ١٤٢١
ـﻫ ﺹ ١٥١ .(
ﻩﺬﻫ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﲔـﺑ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﻥﺃ ﱃﺇ ﲑﺸﺗ
ﳑ ﻞﻗﺃ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣﻭ ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺎ
ﻫ ﺡﺎـﺠﻨﻟ ﺏﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﻮ
ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ
، ﻂﺒﺗﺮـﺗ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺔﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﻥﺃﻭ
،ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮـﻘﻟﺍ ﺫﺎـﲣﺍ ﰲ ﺮﻳﺪﻤﻠﻟ ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﻯﺪﲟ ﺚﻴﺣﻭ ﺇ ﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻥ
ﱵﻟﺍ ﺐﻴﻟﺎﺳﻷﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏ
ﺗ ﰲ ﺔـﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺮﻳﺪﳌ ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﺱﺎﺳﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻮﻘ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻪﻧﺃﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛﻭ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ
ﻹﺍ
ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﻚـﻟﺫ ﻦـﻋ ﺖﻔﺸﻛ ﺎﻤﻛ ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩ ) ،ﲔﻄﺑﺎﺒﻟﺍ ١٤٢٤
ﺹ ،ـﻫ
٣١٣ ( ﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ ) ،ﺖـﺑﺎﺛ
١٩٩٥ ﺹ ،ﻡ ٢٣٩ .(
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠــﺳﺃ ﻥﺎــﻛ ﺍﺫﺈــﻓ
ﺩﻹﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺗ ﰲ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻦﻜﳝ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍ
، ﻞﻬﻓ ﻖﺒﻄﻳ ﻭﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ –
ﲔﻨﺑ – ﺍﺬـﻫ
ﻷﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟ ﰲ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ
؟ﻢﻬﺳﺭﺍﺪﻣ .
ﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ ﺔﺳﺍ
:
ﻊﻳﺭﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﲎﺒﺘﺗ
ﻞـﺧﺍﺩ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺗ ﱃﺇ ﻑﺪ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻳﻮﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ
؛ ﻖـﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺎﻬﻓﺍﺪﻫﺃ ﻦﻣ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺋﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ
،ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﺪﻴﻔﺗ ﺎﻤﻛ
ﻩﺬﻫ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﲔﻟﻮﺌﺴﳌﺍ
ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﰲ ﻟﻠ
ﻑﺮﻌﺘ
ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺎﻬﺟﺎﺘﳛ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺐﻧﺍﻮﳉﺍ ﻢﻫﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭ
ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ
ﹰﻼﺧﺪـﻣ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﺮﻳﻮـﻄﺘﻟ
ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ
، ﻒـﻘﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﻮﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﺯﺮﺑﺃ ﺪﻳﺪﲢﻭ
ﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻡﺎﻣﺃ ﹰﺎﻘﺋﺎﻋ ﻢﻬ
ﺏﻮﻠﺳﻷ ﺍﺬﳍ .
ﺔـﻴﳘﺃ ﻦـﻣ ﺎﻬـﺘﻴﳘﺃ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺐﺴﺘﻜﺗ ﺎﻤﻛ
ﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﲑﺸﺗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪ
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔـﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﻦـﻣ ﺪﻳﺰﻳ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﰲ ﻪﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻥﺃ ﱃﺇ ﻞﻬﺴﻳﻭ ﻲﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻦﻣ ﻦﺴﳛﻭ ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺔﺑﺎﻗﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ .
ﺎﻤﻛ ﱪﺘﻌﺗ ﻩﺬﻫ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻋﻮﻧ ﻦﻣ ﱃﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﻖـﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻊـﻗﺍﻭ ﻦﻋ ﻒﺸﻜﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺎﲢ ﺔﻳﺩﻮﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤﳌﺎﺑ ﲔﻨﺒﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ .
ﺪﻫﺃ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻑﺍ :
١ ـ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ
ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ – ﲔﻨﺑ - ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﰲ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﻷ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ .
٨٧
٢ ـ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﻖـﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔـﻴﳘﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ -
ﲔﻨﺑ - ﰲ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ
ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ .
٣ ـ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﻮﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻮﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ
ﻹﺍ
ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩ
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ -
ﲔﻨﺑ -
ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﰲ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ
.
٤ ـ ﰲ ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺮـﻓﺃ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﺔﻴﳘﺃﻭ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻯﺪﻣ
ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺎﺑ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﲑﻐﺘﻣ
) ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟﺍ
، ﺩﺪﻋ ،ﻞﻫﺆﳌﺍ
ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺓﱪﳋﺍ ﺕﺍﻮﻨﺳ .(
ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺌﺳﺃ
:
١ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻯﺪﻣ ﺎﻣ ـ ﻡﺎـﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ
–
ﲔﻨﺑ - ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﻷ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﰲ ﻢﻴـﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪـﻣ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻣﻭ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺔﻬﺟﻭ ﻦﻣ
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ – ﲔﻨﺑ –
؟ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﲟ
٢ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ ﺎﻣ ـ
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ –
ﲔﻨﺑ - ﻦﻣ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﰲ
ﺍﺪﻣ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻣﻭ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺔﻬﺟﻭ ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭ
–
ﲔﻨﺑ –
؟ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﲟ
٣ ﺎﻣ ـ ﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﻮﻌﺼ
ﻪﺟﺍﻮﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ –
ـﺑ ﲔﻨ - ﰲ
ﺔﻬﺟﻭ ﻦﻣ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ
ﻲـﻤﻠﻌﻣﻭ ﻱﺮﻳﺪـﻣ
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ –
ﲔﻨﺑ –
؟ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﲟ
٤ -
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ ﺎﻣ –
ﲔﻨﺑ - ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﺔـﻴﳘﺃﻭ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻯﺪﻣ ﰲ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﲑﻐﺘﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺎﺑ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ
) ﺔـﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟﺍ
،
ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺓﱪﳋﺍ ﺕﺍﻮﻨﺳ ﺩﺪﻋ ،ﻞﻫﺆﳌﺍ (
؟
ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﻣ :
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ :
ﻫ ﺗ ﺓﺪﻋ ﻙﺎﻨ ﻌ
ﻔﻳﺮ ﺕﺎ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻺﻟ :
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ
"
ﺭﺎﻤﺜﺘـﺳﺍ ﺎـﻬﻴﻓ ﻢﺘﻳ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻜﺘﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ
ﺤﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﳉﺍ ﺩﻮﻬﳉﺍ
ﰲ ﻢﻫﺎﺴـﻳ ﻪﻟ ﻂﻄﳐ ﻑﺪﻫ ﻖﻴﻘ
ﻊﻤﺘﺍ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ
") ﻹﺍ ﻢﻴﻫﺍﺮﺑ
، ٢٠٠٢
،ﻡ ﺹ ٢٩ .(
ﻭ ﰲ ﺮﺧﺁ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺍ ﻥﺃ
ﻲﻫ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹ "
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻳ ﻁﺎﺸﻧ
ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻔﲢﻭ ﺓﺭﺎﺛﺈﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳﻭ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﲑﻜﻔﺘﻟﺍ
ﺔﻳﺩﺎﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻜﻣﻹﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﳌﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﻛﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺃ
ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺪﻋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺲﺳﻸﻟ ﹰﺎﻘﻓﻭ ﺔﺣﺎﺘﳌﺍ "
) ،ﻱﻮﻴﻄﻋ
٢٠٠١ ﺹ ،ﻡ ١٦ .(
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ :
ﻔﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺎ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ :
ﻲﻫ "
ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎـﻳﻮﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﻊـﺿﻭﻭ ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﻷﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻢﺘﻳ ﱵﻟﺍ
ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺓﺩﺪﳏ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺃ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺑ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗﻭ "
)
DRUCKER.1981.95
( ﻲﻫ ﻭﺃ "
ﻙﺭﺎﺸﻳ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ
ﻳﺪﲢ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓﻭ ﻁﺎﺸﻨﺑ ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺃ ﺪ
ﰲ ﺯﺎـﳒﻺﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗﻭ ﱘﻮﻘﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻞﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺍﺩﺃ ﹰﺎﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻊﻴﻤﳉﺍ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻳﻭ ﺩﺪﳏ ﲏﻣﺯ ﺖﻗﻭ ﺔﺴـﺳﺆﳌﺍ ﰲ ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﲨ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﱘﻮﻘﺘﻟ )
ﺔـﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ .(
) ،ﺓﺮﻳﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ١٤٢٠
ﺹ ،ـﻫ ١٤٧
( ﺎﺃ ﻭﺃ "
ﻡﻮﻘﻳ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ
ﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍﻭ ﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﺎ
ﻮ ﺔـﺳﺭﺪﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟ ﻥ
ﱵﻟﺍ ﺩﺮـﻓ ﻞﻜﻟ ﺔﺴﻴﺋﺮﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ﻊﻣ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﻮﻠﻤﻌﻳ ﻖـﻴﻘﲢ ﻮـﳓ ﻡﺪﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟ ﺩﺪﳏ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻊﻣ
٨٨ ﻑﺪﳍﺍ
،
ﺔﺑﻮﻠﻄﳌﺍ ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﰲ ﻊﻴﻤﳉﺍ ﻢﻫﺎﺴﻳﻭ "
) ﻮﺑﺃ
،ﺀﺎﻓﻮﻟﺍ ٢٠٠٠ ﺹ ،ﻡ ١٧٧ ( ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻺﻟ ﺮﺧﺁ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﰲﻭ
ﺎﺃ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ "
ﺮﻳﺪـﳌﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺎﻬﺒﺟﻮﲟ ﻡﻮﻘﻳ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ
ﻳﺪﺤﺘﺑ ﹰﺎﻌﻣ ﻪﻴﻧﻭﺎﻌﻣﻭ ﺎـ ﻥﻮﻠﻤﻌﻳ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﳌﺍ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺃ ﺪ
ﺴﳌﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﳎ ﺪﻳﺪﲢﻭ ﺆ
،ﺔـﻌﻗﻮﺘﻣ ﺞﺋﺎـﺘﻧ ﻞﻜﺷ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻟﻭ
ﻚـﻳﺮﲢ ﰲ ﺕﺎﻬﺟﻮﻤﻛ ﲑﻳﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺲﻴﻳﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍﻭ ﻦـﻣ ﺩﺮﻓ ﻞﻛ ﻡﺎﻬﺳﺇ ﰲﻭ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻐﺸﺗﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺪﺣﻮﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺃ "
) ،ﻲﻏﺎﻳ ١٤١٧ ﺹ ،ـﻫ ٢٢٠
.(
ﻲﺋﺍﺮﺟﻹﺍ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﻷ
ﺍ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺍ ﻱﺬﻟ
ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺘﺧ
ﺎﻬﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛﻭ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ﰲ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺮﻳﺪﳌ .
ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ :
ﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻢﺘﻫﺍ ﲔ
ﻳﻮﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﲔ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﻭ
ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣﺇ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﰲ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﻷﺍ ﺍﺬـﻫ
ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﺁﻭ
ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺘﻧﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ
، ﻭ ﻩﺬـﻫ ﻦﻣ
ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ :
ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﹰﻻﻭﺃ :
١ - ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ )
١٩٨٨ ﻡ (
ﺎﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﺪﻬﻓ ﻡﺎﻗ
"
ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻧﺃ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺗ
- ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ –
ﺪـﻳﱪﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻮﻟ
ﻒﺗﺎﳍﺍﻭ ﻕﱪﻟﺍﻭ "
ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻒﻴﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﺧﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺖﻓﺪﻫﻭ
ﺔـﻜﻠﻤﳌﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﻷ ﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﺖﻐﻠﺑ،ﺔﻳﺩﻮﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﺔ )
١٤٠ ( ﺮﻳﺪـﻣ ﹰﺍ ،
ﻫﺎﲡﺍ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﱃﺇ ﺖﻠﺻﻮﺗﻭ ﹰﺎ
ﻴﺑﺎﳚﺇ ﹰﺎ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻮﳓ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ .
٢
- ﻝﻮﺒﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ )
١٩٩٥ ﻡ (
ﻡﺎﻗ ﻝﻮﺒﺸﻟﺍ ﻢﺳﺎﻗ ﺭﺬﻨﻣ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ
ﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎ "
ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣﺇ ﻯﺪﻣ
ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺃ
ﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺝﺫﻮﳕ ﻑ
ﰲ ﺔﻳﻮﻧﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﰲ
ﺪﺑﺭﺃ ﺔﻈﻓﺎﳏ
"
،
ﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﻓﺪﻫﻭ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻒﺸﻜﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺔﺳ
ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣﺇ ﺃ
ﺱﺭﺍﺪـﳌﺍ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺝﺫﻮﳕ
،ﺪﺑﺭﺃ ﺔﻈﻓﺎﳏ ﰲ ﺔﻳﻮﻧﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻦـﻣ ﺔﻧﻮﻜﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺖﻘﺒﻃ
) ١٤٠ ( ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﹰﺍ ﻩﺮﻳﺪﻣﻭ
، ﻭ ) ٤٠٦ ( ﻤﻠﻌﻣ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻠﻌﻣﻭ ،ﺔ ﻭ ﻦﻣ
ﺯﺮﺑﺃ ﺎﻣ
ﻟﺇ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﻠﺻﻮﺗ ﻪﻴ
ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺔـﻴﺑﺎﳚﺇ ﺔـﺟﺭﺩ
ﻷ ﻦﻳﺮﻳﺪـﳌﺍ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣﻹ ﺔﻌﻔﺗﺮﻣﻭ
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺝﺫﻮـﳕ
ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺃ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺔﻬﺟﻭ ﻦﻣ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ .
٣ - ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ )
١٩٩٥ ﻡ (
ﻡﺎﻗ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺯ ﻲﻛ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ
ﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎ
"
ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﺭﻭﺩ
ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺗ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ
"
ﺖﻓﺪﻫﻭ ،
ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ
ﲑﻏﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻣ ﺔﳉﺎﻌﻣ
ﺔﻳﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻦﻋﻭ
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣﺇ
،ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺗ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ
ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻗﻭ
،ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﻭ
ﺎﻣ ﺯﺮﺑﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﻠﺻﻮﺗ
ﺇ ﻪﻴﻟ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣﺇ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺗ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ
ﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻹ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩ .
٤ - ﰲﺮﳋﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ )
١٤١٦ ـﻫ (
ﻡﺎﻗ ﷲﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ
ﺎﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ ﰲﺮﳋﺍ :
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺮﺛﺆﳌﺍ ﻞﻣﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﻯﺪﻣ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﻖـﻴﺒﻄﺗ
ﺔﻳﺩﻮﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ
"
ﺔـﻟﻭﺎﳏ ﱃﺇ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﻓﺪﻫﻭ
ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﻖـﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﱘﻮﻘﺗ
ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻯﺪﻣ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﻣﻭ ﺔﻳﺩﻮﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ
؛ ﺖـﻘﺒﻃ
٨٩
ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ )
١٧٢ ( ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﹰﺍ ﻳﺩﻮﻌﺳ ﹰﺎ
ﺕﻻﺎﺼـﺗﻻﺍ ﰲ
،
ﻟﺍ ﺖﻠﺻﻮﺗﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﻡﺪﻌﺑ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻩﺎﲡﺍ ﺪﺟﻮﻳ ﻪﻧﺃ ﱃﺇ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪ
ﺕﻻﺎﺼﺗﻻﺍ ﰲ ﻖﺒﻄﳌﺍ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ .
٥ - ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﺎﺒﻴﻠﻣ )
١٤١٨ ـﻫ (
ﻡﺎﻗ
ﻱﺭﺎـﺒﻴﻠﻣ ﺪﻤﳏ ﺖﻌﻠﻃ ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ
ﺎـﺍﻮﻨﻋ "
ﻚﻠﳌﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﲜ ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﲡﺍ ﻳﺰﻌﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ
ﺰ ﻮـﳓ ﺓﺪـﲜ
ﻞـﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﺮﺛﺃﻭ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ "
ﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺖﻓﺪﻫﻭ ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺾﻓﺭ ﻭﺃ ﻝﻮﺒﻗ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟ
ﻚﻠﳌﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﲜ ﻳﺰﻌﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ
ﺰ ﺓﺪﲜ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ
ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﺮﺛﻷ ﻢﺎﻌﻗﻮﺗﻭ
، ﻦـﻣ ﺔـﻨﻴﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺖﻘﺒﻃ
) ٣٦١ ( ﻚﻠﳌﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺮﻘﲟ ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻳﺰﻌﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ
ﺰ ﺓﺪﲜ
،
ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﻠﺻﻮﺗ ﺎﻣ ﺯﺮﺑﺃ ﻦﻣﻭ ﻥﺃ
ﻷ ﺔـﻨﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺮـﻓ
ﺕﺎﻫﺎﲡﺍ ﺩﻹﺍ ﻮﳓ ﺔﻴﺑﺎﳚﺇ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍ
ﻥﺃ ﻥﻮﻌﻗﻮﺘﻳ ﻢﺃﻭ
ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ ﹰﺍ
ﺔـﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﻰـﻠﻋ
ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ .
٦ - ﻱﺩﻮﺷﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ )
١٤٢٣ ـﻫ (
ﺖﻣﺎﻗ ﻱﺩﻮﺷﺮﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺳ ﺔﻳﺭﺪﺑ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ
ﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎ "
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ :
ﺔـﻳﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔـﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ
ﺔﻳﺩﻮﻌﺴـﻟﺍ ﺔـﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤﳌﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﻨﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻜﺑ "
ﱃﺇ ﺖﻓﺪﻫﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟ ﺡﺮﺘﻘﻣ ﺭﻮﺼﺗ ﻊﺿﻭ
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﺀﻮـﺿ ﰲ ﺕﺎـﻨﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻜﺑ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ
، ﻦﻣ ﺔﻧﻮﻜﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺖﻘﺒﻃ )
٣٢١ ( ﺔﻔﻇﻮﻣ
ﰲ ﺕﺎﻨﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻛ ﰲ ﺗﻵﺍ ﻥﺪﳌﺍ
ﺔﻴ : ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ – ﺓﺪـﺟ -
ﺀﺎﺴﺣﻹﺍ -
ﻩﺪﻳﺮﺑ ﻪـﻴﻟﺇ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﻠﺻﻮﺗ ﺎﻣ ﺯﺮﺑﺃ ﻦﻣﻭ ،
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺃ ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻮﻣ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ
ﻦﻫﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﻊﺿﻮﻟﺎﺑ .
٧
- ﲔﻄﺑﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ )
١٤٢٤ ـﻫ (
ﻡﺎﻗ ﲪﺮﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻦ
ﺎﻫﻮﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﺏ
ﲔﻄﺑﺎﺒﻟﺍ
ﺎـﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ
"
ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ ﺡﺮﺘﻘﻣ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ
ﺔﻳﻮﻧﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﻝﺎﳎ
"
ﱃﺇ ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﻓﺪـﻫﻭ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ ﺡﺮﺘﻘﻣ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﰲ ﺔـﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔـﻜﻠﻤﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔـﻳﻮﻧﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﻝﺎﳎ ﲎﺒـﺘﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺻﻭﺃ ﺎﻣ ﺯﺮﺑﺃ ﻦﻣﻭ ،ﺔﻳﺩﻮﻌﺴﻟﺍ
ﻱﻮﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﺷﻺﻟ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻮﺑ
ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻪﺣﺮﺘﻗﺍ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﱪﻟﺍ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ
، ﺥﺎـﻨﳌﺍ ﺔـﺌﻴﻭ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ .
ﻟﺍ ﹰﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ ﺔﻴﺒﻨﺟﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪ
١ - ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ )
ORSOMARSO,FRANK 1975
(
ﺎـﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ ﻮـﺳﺭﺎﻣﻮﺳﻭﺃ ﻚﻧﺍﺮﻓ ﻡﺎﻗ "
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ
ﺓﺪـﺤﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻮﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻥﻮﺘﳒﻮﻴﻧ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﰲ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ "
ﻊﺿﻭ ﱃﺇ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﻓﺪﻫ
ﺃ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻺـﻟ ﻲـﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺝﺫﻮﳕ
ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ
، ﱃﺇ ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﻠـﺻﻮﺗﻭ
ﺃ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻮﻳﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﻪﺑ ﺩﺎﺷﺃ ﺝﺫﻮﳕ ﺝﺫﻮﻤﻨﻠﻟ ﺔﻘﺒﻄﳌﺍ
.
٢ - ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ )
ALIFF, JOHN1994
(
ﻥﻮﺟ ﻡﺎﻗ ﻒﻴﻟﺃ
ﺎﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ "
ﺁ ﺔـﺌﻴﻫ ﺀﺎﻀـﻋﺃ ﺀﺍﺭ
ﻑﺍﺪـﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﰲ ﲔﻳﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍﻭ ﺲﻳﺭﺪﺘﻟﺍ
ﻡﻮـﻠﻌﻠﻟ ﺎﻴﺟﺭﻮﺟ ﺔﻴﳝﺩﺎﻛﺄﺑ ﺔﻄﺳﻮﺘﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟﺎﺑ "
ﺖﻓﺪـﻫ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺁ
ﺲﻳﺭﺪـﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﻫ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﺃ ﺀﺍﺭ
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﰲ ﲔﻳﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍﻭ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ
، ﻰﻠﻋ ﺖﻘﺒﻃ
ﻦﻣ ﺔﻧﻮﻜﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ )
٢٨ ( ﺲﻳﺭﺪﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﻫ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻮﻀﻋ
ﻭ ) ١٠ (
ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﻠﺻﻮﺗﻭ ،ﺔﻄﺳﻮﺘﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﲔﻳﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﺲﻳﺭﺪﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﻫ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﺃ ﺐﻠﻏﺃ ﻥﺃ ﱃﺇ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺍﻮﺑﺭﺪـﺘﻳ ﱂ
٩٠ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﻖـﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺐﻠﻄﺘﻳ ﺎﻤﻛ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ
، ﻢﻴـﻠﻌﺗ ﰲ ﺪـﻬﳉﺍ ﻝﺬﺒﺑ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﺻﻭﺃﻭ
ﺎﻀﻋﺃ ﺐﻳﺭﺪﺗﻭ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻝﺎـﳎ ﰲ ﺲﻳﺭﺪـﺘﻟﺍ ﺔـﺌﻴﻫ ﺀ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ .
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ
:
ﻔﻠﺘﺧﺍ ﺖ
ﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪ
ﰐﻵﺍ :
) ﻝﻮﺒﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ (
ﻖـﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔـﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣﺇ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﱃﺇ ﺖﻓﺪﻫ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ
، ﻭ ) ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ (
ﱃﺇ ﺖﻓﺪﻫ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﺭﻭﺩ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻄﺗ ﰲ
ﺮﻳﻮ
ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ
، ﻭ )
ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺴـﻟﺍ ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺩ (
ﻭ ) ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺩ
ﻱﺭﺎﺒﻴﻠﻣ ( ﻭ ) ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ
ALIFF
( ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺖﻓﺪﻫ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ ﲔﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺾﻓﺭ ﻭﺃ ﻝﻮﺒﻗ ﻯﺪﻣ ،
ﻭ ) ﰲﺍﺮﳋﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ (
ﻖـﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔـﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﱘﻮـﻘﺗ ﱃﺇ ﺖﻓﺪﻫ
،ﺔﻴﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻭ
) ﻱﺩﻮﺷﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ (
ﻭ ) ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ
ﲔﻄﺑﺎﺒﻟﺍ ( ﻭ ) ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ
ORSOMARSO
( ﺖﻓﺪﻫ ﻊﺿﻭ ﱃﺇ
ﺭﻮﺼﺗ
ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻭﺃ ﺡﺮﺘﻘﻣ
، ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺑ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺖﻓﺪﻫ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ
ﱃﺇ
ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﻷ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ .
ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺖﺎﺸﺗ
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﰲ
ﺃ ﺎ
ﺖﻣﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﻲﺤﺴﳌﺍ ﻲﻔﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﳌﺍ
ـﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﱵ
) ﲔﻄﺑﺎﺒﻟﺍ
، ﻚﻧﺍﺮﻓ ( ﺍﻟ ﲔﺘﻠ ﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﺘﻣﺎ
ﱯﻳﺮـﺠﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﳌﺍ
،
) ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩﻭ (
ﻲﻔـﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﺞﻬـﻨﳌﺍ ﺖﻣﺪﺨﺘـﺳﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ
ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ . ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﺟﺍﺮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ
ﺐﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﺀﺎﻨﺑ ﰲ .
ﺎﺍﺀﺍﺮﺟﺇﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻣ
١ - ﻲﻔﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﺤﺴﳌﺍ
"
ﻮﻫﻭ
ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ
ﻦﻣ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻼﺧ
ﺕﺎـﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻊـﲨ ﻪﻟ
ﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﻴ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﺼﻘﺑ ﺎﻣ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺮﻫﺎﻇ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺎﻧﺎ ﱄﺎـﳊﺍ ﻊـﺿﻮﻟﺍ ﺪـﻳﺪﲢﻭ ،ﺎﻬـﺳﺭﺪﻧ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻫﺎﻈﻟﺍ
ﺎﳍ . ..
") ،ﺕﺍﺪﻴﺒﻋ ٢٠٠٠
ﺺـﻫ ٢٣٧ (.
٢ - ﻊﻤﺘﳎ ﺔﻨﻴﻋﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ :
ﻦﻣ ﺔﺳﺭﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﳎ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺎﳘ ﲔﻤﺴﻗ
:
ـﺃ ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﻣ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻊﻴﲨ -
ﲔﻨﺑ - ﲟ ﺔﻨﻳﺪ
ﻢﻫﺩﺪﻋ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ )
١١٣٤ ( ﹰﺍﺮﻳﺪﻣ .
ـ ﺏ
ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻣ ﻊﻴﲨ ﻢﻫﺩﺪﻋﻭ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ
) ٢٩٤٠٦ (
ﹰﺎــﻤﻠﻌﻣ . ) ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺼــﺣﺇ ﻢﻴــﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔــﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭ
١٤٢٨ ـﻫ / ١٤٢٩ ـﻫ (.
ﻊـﻤﺘﳎ ﻦـﻣ ﻪـﻨﻴﻋ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﰎ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺃ ﺓﺮﺜﻜﻟﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ :
ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﳌﺍ
ﺱﺭﺍﺪ ﻢﻫﺩﺪﻋ ﻎﻟﺎﺒﻟﺍ )
١١٣٤ ( ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺑ
١٠ ﻱﺃ ) ١١٣ (
ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺍ .
ﻚﻠﺗ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﻢﻫﺩﺪﻋ ﻎﻟﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ
) ٢٩٤٠٦ (
ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺑ ١ ﻱﺃ ) ٢٩٤ ( ﹰﺎﻤﻠﻌﻣ .
ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ )
ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻥ
، ﻤﻠﻌﻣ ﻮ ﻥ (
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﺖﻋﺯﻭ
ﻱﻮﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺮﺷﻹﺍ ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻣ –
ﲔﻨﺑ – ﺎﻫﺩﺪﻋﻭ ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺎﺑ
) ٨ ( ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻣ
،
ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﰎﻭ ﺩﺍﺮـﻓﺃ ﻰـﻠﻋ
ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ
، ﺏﺎﺠﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻗﻭ )
٢٤٤ ( ﺮﻳﺪـﻣﻭ ﻢـﻠﻌﻣ ﲔـﺑ
ﺪﻌﺒﺘﺳﺍﻭ ﺕ ) ٤ ( ﺪﻌﻟ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﺒﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﳍﺎﻤﺘﻛﺍ ﻡ
ﰐﺄـﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓﻭ ،
ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﻷ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺓﺍﺩﻷ ﺍﻮﺑﺎﺠﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺬﻟﺍ
ﺎﺍﲑﻐﺘﳌ ﹰﺎﻘﻓﻭ .
٩١
ﹰﻻﻭﺃ : ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﻒﺻﻭ
١ - ﻞﻫﺆﳌﺍ ﻖﻓﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ :
ﻢﻗﺭ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ )
١ ( ﻞﻫﺆﳌﺍ ﻖﻓﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ
ﻞﻫﺆﳌﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺍ
ﺱﻮﻳﺭﻮﻟﺎﻜﺑ ﻦﻣ ﻰﻠﻋﺃ )
ﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﻣ + ﻩﺍﺭﻮﺘﻛﺩ ( ١٢
٥,٠
ﺑ ﻱﻮﺑﺮﺗ ﺱﻮﻳﺭﻮﻟﺎﻜ
١٧٨ ٧٤,٢
ﻱﻮﺑﺮﺗ ﲑﻏ ﺱﻮﻳﺭﻮﻟﺎﻜﺑ
٣٤ ١٤,٢
ﺱﻮﻳﻮﻟﺎﻜﺑ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻗﺃ
١٦ ٦,٧
ﻉﻮﻤﺍ ٢٤٠
١٠٠,٠
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺢﻀﺘﻳ )
١ ( ﻰﻠﻋ ﲔﻠﺻﺎﳊﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺃ ﻥﺃ
ﻦﻣ ﻰﻠﻋﺃ ﻮﻳﺭﻮﻟﺎﻜﺒﻟﺍ
ﺱ ﻥﻮـﻠﺜﳝ ﺔﺒﺴـﻧ
) ٥ ( ﻢـﻫﻭ
ﻣﻮ ﻮﻋﺯ ﰐﻵﺎﻛ ﻥ :
ﻠﺻﺎﳊﺍ ﻮ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥ ﻩﺍﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ
) ٢ (
ﻠﺻﺎﳊﺍ ﻮ
ﺟﺎﳌﺍ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥ ﲑﺘﺴ
) ١٠ ( ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﱪﻛﺃ ﻥﺃﻭ ،
ﻠﺻﺎﳊﺍ ﻢﻫ ﻮ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥ ﺱﻮﻳﺭﻮﻟﺎـﻜﺒﻟﺍ ﻟﺍ
ﻱﻮـﺑﺮﺘ ﺔﺒﺴـﻨﺑ
) ٧٤,٢ (.
٢ - ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟﺍ ﻖﻓﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ :
ﻢﻗﺭ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ )
٢ ( ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟﺍ ﻖﻓﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ
ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺍ
ﺔﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﻣ ﺮﻳﺪﻣ
٨ ٣,٣
ﺔﻄﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﻣ ﺮﻳﺪﻣ
١٣ ٥,٤
ﺔﻴﺋﺍﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﻣ ﺮﻳﺪﻣ
٢٠ ٨,٣
ﰲ ﻢﻠﻌﻣ ﺔﻳﻮﻧﺎﺛ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﻣ
٣٤ ١٤,٢
ﺔﻄﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﻣ ﰲ ﻢﻠﻌﻣ
٥٢ ٢١,٧
ﺔﻴﺋﺍﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﺔﺳﺭﺪﻣ ﰲ ﻢﻠﻌﻣ
١١٣ ٤٧,١
ﻉﻮﻤﺍ ٢٤٠
١٠٠,٠
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺢﻀﺘﻳ )
٢ ( ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﱪﻛﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺑﺎﺠﺘـﺳﺍ
ﺔ ﺓﺍﺩﻷ
ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ
ﻦـﻣ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺔـﻴﺋﺍﺪﺘﺑﻻﺍ ﺔـﻠﺣﺮﳌﺍ ﻲـﻤﻠﻌﻣ
ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺑ ) ٤٧,١ (
، ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﻞﻗﺃ ﻥﺃﻭ ﻦـﻣ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ
ﻱﺮﻳﺪـﻣ
ﺔﻳﻮﻧﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺣﺮﳌﺍ )
٣,٣ (.
ﻢﻗﺭ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ )
٣ ( ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟﺍ ﻖﻓﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ
ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺍ
ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ٤١
١٧,١
ﻢﻠﻌﻣ ١٩٩
٨٢,٩
ﻉﻮﻤﺍ ٢٤٠
١٠٠,٠
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺢﻀﺘﻳ )
٣ ( ﺍﻮﺑﺎﺠﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺬﻟﺍ ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﻥﺃ
ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺓﺍﺩﻷ )
٨٢,٩ ( ﻲﻫﻭ ﱪﻛﺃ ﻱﺮﻳﺪـﻣ ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﻦﻣ
ﻦـﻣ ﺔـﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺃ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻥﺃ ﱃﺇ ﺩﻮﻌﻳ ﻚﻟﺫﻭ ﺱﺭﺍﺪﳌﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ .
٣ - ﱄﺎﳊﺍ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﺓﱪﳋﺍ ﻖﻓﻭ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ
ﻢﻗﺭ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ )
٤ ( ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻋ ﻊﻳﺯﻮﺗ
ﱄﺎﳊﺍ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﺓﱪﳋﺍ ﻖﻓﻭ
ﺓﱪﳋﺍ ﺕﺎﺌﻓ ﺩﺪﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺍ
ﻦﻣ ﻞﻗﺃ ٤ ﺕﺍﻮﻨﺳ ١٦
٦,٧
ﻦﻣ ٤ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻗﺃ ﱃﺇ ﺕﺍﻮﻨﺳ ٨
ﺕﺍﻮﻨﺳ ٥٣
٢٢,١
ﻦﻣ ٨ ﺮﺜﻛﺄﻓ ﺕﺍﻮﻨﺳ
١٦٨ ٧٠,٠
ﺩﺪﳛ ﱂ ٣
١,٣
ﻉﻮﻤﺍ ٢٤٠
١٠٠,٠
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺢﻀﺘﻳ )
٤ ( ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﻥﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺓﱪﳋﺍ ﻲﻳﻭﺫ
ﱄﺎﳊﺍ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﺕﺍﻮﻨﺳ ﻥﺎﲦ )
٧٠ ( ﻲﻫﻭ ﺃ ﱪـﻛ
ﺔﺒﺴﻧ
، ﻢﱪﺧ ﻦﳌ ﻲﻫ ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﻞﻗﺃﻭ ﺃ
ﺕﺍﻮﻨﺳ ﻊﺑﺭﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻗ
ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺑ ) ٦,٧ (.
٩٢ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﲨ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﹰﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ :
ﺍﺩﺃ ﺔﻧﺎﺒﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻊـﻤﳉ ﺓ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺋﺎﻨﺑ ﰲ ﺪﻤﺘﻋﺍﻭ :
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﺖـﻟﻭﺎﻨﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﺟﺍﺮﳌﺍ • ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ .
ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠـﺳﺃ ﺖﻟﻭﺎﻨﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ • ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ .
ﻦـﻣ ﺔﻧﻮﻜﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﺒﺘﺳﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﺑ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻗ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﳌﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﻲﻫ ﺀﺍﺰﺟﺃ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ :
ﺰﳉﺍ ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺀ : ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺃ ﻦﻋ ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻦﻤﻀﺗ
) ﻞﻫﺆﳌﺍ
، ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟﺍ
، ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﺓﱪﳋﺍ .(
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺀﺰﳉﺍ :
ﻦﻤﻀﺘﺗ )
٣٢ ( ﺔـﻌﺑﺭﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻋﺯﻮﻣ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ
ﻲﻫ ﺕﻻﺎﳎ :
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻝﺎﺍ :
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ﻦﻤﻀﺗﻭ
) ٩ ( ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ .
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺍ :
ﺔﻄﳋﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻦﻤﻀﺗﻭ
) ٨ ( ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ .
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺍ :
ﻌﺟﺍﺮﳌﺍ ﻦﻤﻀﺗﻭ ﺔﻳﺭﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔ )
٩ ( ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ .
ﻊﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺍ :
ﻦﻤﻀﺗﻭ ﺯﺎﳒﻹﺍ ﱘﻮﻘﺗ )
٦ ( ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ .
ﲔﻤﺴﻗ ﱃﺇ ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺀﺰﳉﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻹﺍ ﺖﻤﺴﻗﻭ :
ﺝﺭﺪﺗ ﻖﻓﻭ ﻪﻤﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﰎ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﺑﺭ ) ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻖﺒﻄﻳ
،
،ﺔﻄﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻖﺒﻄﻳ
ﺔﻔﻴﻌﺿ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻖﺒﻄﻳ
، ﻻ ﻖﺒﻄﻳ .(
ﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﳌ ،ﱐ
ﻲﻋﺎﺑﺭ ﺝﺭﺪﺗ ﻖﻓﻭ ﻪﻤﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﰎ ﺔﻴﳘﻷﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ )
ﺔﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻢﻬﻣ
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ
، ﺔﻔﻴﻌﺿ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻢﻬﻣ ،ﺔﻄﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﺑ ﻢﻬﻣ
، ﱘﺪﻋ
ﺔﻴﳘﻷﺍ .(
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺀﺰﳉﺍ
: ﻦﻤﻀﺗ ) ٧ ( ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﻮﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻡﺎﻣﺃ ﹰﺎﻘﺋﺎﻋ ﻒﻘﺗ ،
ﻲﻋﺎﺑﺭ ﺝﺭﺪﺗ ﻖﻓﻭ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﺀﺰﳉﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺑﺎﺟﻹﺍﻭ
) ﻮﻌﺻ ﺔﻄﻴﺴﺑ ﺔﺑﻮﻌﺻ ،ﺔﻄﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﺑﻮﻌﺻ ،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺔﺑ
، ﻻ
ﺪﺟﻮﺗ ﺔﺑﻮﻌﺻ (.
ﺔﻧﺎﺒﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺑ ﻞﺣﺍﺮﻣ ﹰﺎﺜﻟﺎﺛ :
ﺃ - ﺍ ﺔﻐﻴﺼﻟﺍ ﻼﻟ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﻷ
ﻱﺮﻫﺎﻈﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻗﺪﺻﻭ ﺔﻧﺎﺒﺘﺳ
ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻐﻴﺻ ﻖﻓﻭ ﺔﻧﺎﺒﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﰎ
ﺖﺿﺮﻋ ﰒ ﹰﺎﻘﺑﺎﺳ ﺓﺭﻮﻛﺬﳌﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﳌﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ
ﻰﻠﻋ ) ١٤ ( ﺔﻌﻣﺎﲜ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻛ ﻦﻣ ﹰﺎﻤﻜﳏ
ﺩﻮﻌﺳ ﻚﻠﳌﺍ
، ﻦﻣﻭ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﺑ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﻗ
ﺩﻮﻌﺳ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻤﳏ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﲜ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍ
،
ﲔﻤﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﺑ ﺲﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻢﻠﻋﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﻗ ﻦﻣﻭ
ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻜﲢ ﺽﺮﻐﺑ ﻚﻟﺫﻭ ،ﺩﻮﻌﺳ ﻚﻠﳌﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﲜ
ﻯﺪﻣﻭ ﻱﺮﻫﺎﻈﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻗﺪﺻ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺘﻟﺍﻭ
ﺪﻗﻭ ،ﻪﻠﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻌﺿﻭ ﺎﻣ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺣﻼﺻ
ﻯﺪﺑﺃ ﻥﻮﻤﻜﶈﺍ ﳌﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ
ﻠ ﺤ ﻮ ﺕﺎﻇ .
ﺏ - ﻼﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻴﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﺒﺘﺳ
ﻠﳌﺎﺑ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺬﺧﺃ ﺤ
ﻮ
ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻊﲨﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻇ
ﺔﻴﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﺒﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺩﻮﻨﺑ ﻝﻮﺣ ﲔﻤﻜﶈﺍ ﺐﻠﻏﺃ
،
ﰎ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺑﻭ ﺀﺎﻐﻟﺇ
ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺻ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗﻭ ﲔﺗﺭﺎﺒﻋ
ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ .
ﹰﺎﻌﺑﺍﺭ ﺓﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻕﺪﺻ )
ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﺴﺗﻻﺍ (
ﰎ ﻲﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﺴﺗﻻﺍ ﻕﺪﺻ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻛﺄﺘﻠﻟ ﺇ
ﺩﺎـﳚ
ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﻻﺍ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﻣ )
ﻥﻮﺳﲑﺑ (:
٩٣
-١ ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺭﻮﶈﺍ ﺩﻮﻨﺑ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟ )
ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺏﻮﻠﺳﺃ ﺔﻴﳘﺃﻭ ،ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻯﺪﻣ (
ﻝﺎﺠﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﻟﺎﺑ
ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺔﻴﻤﺘﻨﳌﺍ :
ﻢﻗﺭ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ )
٥ (
ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺔﻴﻤﺘﻨﳌﺍ ﻝﺎﺠﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﻟﺎﺑ ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺭﻮﶈﺍ ﺩﻮﻨﺑ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺕﻼﻣﺎﻌﻣ
ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ ﺔﻴﳘﻷﺍ ﻯﺪﻣ
ﻝﺎﺍ ﻡ
ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﻻﺍ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﻣ ﻡ
ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﻻﺍ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﻣ ﻡ
ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﻻﺍ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﻣ ﻡ
ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﻻﺍ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﻣ
١ ٠,٧٠٧٧
**
٦ ٠,٧٧٠٧
**
١ ٠,٦٦٦٩
**
٦ ٠,٧٦٩٥
**
٢ ٠,٦٣٥٨
**
٧ ٠,٧٠٩٩
**
٢ ٠,٧٥٦٦
**
٧ ٠,٧٦١٧
**
٣ ٠,٥٢٨١
**
٨ ٠,٨٢٤٦
**
٣ ٠,٧٨١٨
**
٨ ٠,٨٣٨٥
**
٤ ٠,٦٧٥٢
**
٩ ٠,٧٤٧١
**
٤ ٠,٥٠٢٠
**
٩ ٠,٧٢٧٩
**
ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍ ٥
٠,٨٣٦٤
**
٥
٠,٧٤٢٤
**
١٠ ٠,٦٥٨٤
**
١٤ ٠,٨٠٢٦
**
١٠ ٠,٧٧٦١
**
١٤ ٠,٧٦٠٩
**
١١ ٠,٨٥١٠
**
١٥ ٠,٨٣٧٧
**
١١ ٠,٧٦٤١
**
١٥ ٠,٨٤٦٧
**
١٢ ٠,٨٥٠٣
**
١٦ ٠,٩٠٤٧
**
١٢ ٠,٦٦٨٧
**
١٦ ٠,٨٧٠٣
** ﺔﻄﳋﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ
١٣ ٠,٧٩٣٢
**
١٧ ٠,٧٨٠٢
**
١٣ ٠,٨٥٤٦
**
١٧ ٠,٧٩٧٤
**
١٨ ٠,٧٠٦٨
**
٢٣ ٠,٧٠٥٠
**
١٨ ٠,٩١١١
**
٢٣ ٠,٧٧٢٧
**
١٩ ٠,٧٤٤١
**
٢٤ ٠,٨٦١٨
**
١٩ ٠,٧١٤٠
**
٢٤ ٠,٩٠٦٢
**
٢٠ ٠,٨١٥٣
**
٢٥ ٠,٨٨٢٩
**
٢٠ ٠,٨٧٠٨
**
٢٥ ٠,٨٩٧٥
**
٢١ ٠,٧٧٢٠
**
٢٦ ٠,٧٥٤٠
**
٢١ ٠,٧٣٣٢
**
٢٦ ٠,٨٣٥٧
**
ﺔﻌﺟﺍﺮﳌﺍ ﺔﻳﺭﻭﺪﻟﺍ ٢٢
٠,٧٢٧٤
**
٢٢
٠,٨٠٨٣
**
٢٧ ٠,٧٧٠٠
**
٣٠ ٠,٧٤٦٣
**
٢٧ ٠,٦٣٧٥
**
٣٠ ٠,٦٣٤٥
**
٢٨ ٠,٦٧٢٦
**
٣١ ٠,٧٩٣٩
**
٢٨ ٠,٦٧٤٨
**
٣١ ٠,٨٠٨١
** ﺯﺎﳒﻹﺍ ﱘﻮﻘﺗ
٢٩ ٠,٨١٤٠
**
٣٢ ٠,٥٣٦٨
**
٢٩ ٠,٦٩٤٥
**
٣٢ ٠,٦١٨٢
**
**
ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﻟﺍﺩ ٠,٠١
ﻢﻗﺭ ﻝﻭﺪﳉﺍ ﻦﻣ ﲔﺒﺘﻳ
) ٥ (
